Digital Commons Network^™

Beyond Problem-Solving Courts, Erin Collins

Law Faculty Publications

Problem-solving courts were borne out of a well-meaning experimentalist spirit, one that inspired judges to attempt to close the so-called “revolving door” to the courthouse by providing treatment instead of, or in addition to, incarceration. The problem-solving court movement is now more than thirty years old and the results of this experiment in court reform are underwhelming. Viewed in the most favorable light, studies suggest that problem-solving courts can modestly reduce the likelihood that some court participants will be arrested or convicted again. Meanwhile, the 40% to 60% of people who begin but do not complete problem-solving court programs often …

Physical Scars Are Not The Only Evidence: Crucial Expansion Of New York's Penal Law To Define Coercive Control And Technological Abuse As Domestic Violence, Bailey D. Appel

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The note argues that New York's domestic violence laws are insufficient as they fail to recognize non-physical forms of abuse, specifically coercive control and technological abuse. It emphasizes the need to expand the legal definition of domestic violence to include these forms, particularly in light of the increased prevalence during the COVID-19 pandemic, which trapped victims at home with their abusers.

Making Reflection Critical: Structural And Historical Attributions For Inequity, Esther Burson, Erin B. Godfrey, Riana M. Brown, Deanna A. Ibrahim

Psychology: Faculty Books

Book Abstract: Critical consciousness represents the analysis of inequitable social conditions, the motivation to effect change, and the action taken to redress perceived inequities. Scholarship and practice in the last two decades have highlighted critical consciousness as a key developmental competency for those experiencing marginalization and as a pathway for navigating and resisting oppression. This competency is more urgent than ever given the current sociopolitical moment, in which longstanding inequity, bias, discrimination, and competing ideologies are amplified. This volume assembles leading scholars to address some of the field's most urgent questions: How does critical consciousness develop? What theories can be …

Who Has Control In The Courtroom?: Maine Lawyers' Process For Client Representation Family Matters Cases And How Perceptions Of Coercive Control Impact Their Process, Katie Seelen Msw

All Student Scholarship

Supervising Professor: Rachel Casey Informed by the researcher’s work with women struggling through separation and child custody legal proceedings with their abusive male co-parents, the study seeks to understand if and how Maine’s court system considers intimate partner violence (IPV) in family matters cases. The research aims to gain specific insight into family lawyers’ understanding and consideration of coercive control—a term encompassing gender-based, psychologically abusive and controlling behaviors—when representing clients in divorce and parental rights and responsibilities cases. Under the label “post-separation abuse,” growing literature demonstrates the extent to which coercive control among separating co-parents manifests through the family court …

Protecting Childhood: Examining European Policies On The Commercial Sexual Exploitation Of Children, Malin E. Wahl

GLO 100 Introduction to Global Studies: Policy Analysis Papers

Children account for more than one-fourth of all people in forced commercial sexual exploitation and for one-third of all discovered trafficked individuals, rising to fifty percent in low-income countries. Moreover, child sex trafficking has only increased over the years, with many European countries predominantly recognized as destination and transit countries for commercial sexual exploitation. This paper examines and evaluates the current methods of reducing and preventing sex trafficking and the commercial sexual exploitation of children in Europe. Next, it holistically analyzes and reviews the issue globally, determining each strategy’s overall efficacy, practicality, and potential downsides. These strategies call for greater …

Towards Artificial Intelligence-Based Cybersecurity: The Practices And Chatgpt Generated Ways To Combat Cybercrime, Maad M. Mijwil, Mohammad Aljanabi, Chatgpt Chatgpt

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

Today, cybersecurity is considered one of the most noteworthy topics that are circulated frequently among companies in order to protect their data from hacking operations. The emergence of cyberspace contributed to the growth of electronic systems.It is a virtual digital space through which interconnection is established between computers and smartphones connected within the Internet of Things environment.This space is critical in building a safe digital environment free of threats and cybercrime.It is only possible to make a digital environment with the presence of cyberspace, which contains modern technologies that make this environment safe and far from unauthorized individuals.Cybersecurity has a …

การปรับเป็นพินัยแทนโทษทางอาญาในความผิดฐานหมิ่นประมาท, ฐานันดร์ ฤกษ์ดี

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

รายงานเอกัตศึกษาฉบับนี้เป็นการศึกษาวิจัยปัญหาของการใช้และบังคับโทษทางอาญาในความผิดฐานหมิ่นประมาทตามประมวลกฎหมายอาญา ผ่านการวิเคราะห์เชิงทฤษฎีการกำหนดความรับผิดทางอาญา อาทิ ทฤษฎีหลักภยันตราย หลักสัดส่วนการลงโทษ และหลักนิติเศรษฐศาสตร์ รวมถึงวิเคราะห์ระบบกฎหมายต่างประเทศเพื่อหาแนวทางที่เหมาะสมในการลงโทษผู้กระทำความผิดฐานหมิ่นประมาทให้เหมาะสม โดยมุ่งแก้ไขปัญหาการฟ้องคดีเชิงยุทธศาสตร์และความไม่เสมอภาคจากการถูกลงโทษเนื่องจากปัจจัยทางเศรษฐกิจ และเสนอแนวทางให้กำหนดความผิดฐานดังกล่าวเป็นความผิดทางพินัย ซึ่งจะทำให้เกิดมาตรการที่เป็นธรรม เหมาะสม และยุติธรรมมากขึ้น ทั้งนี้เพื่อตอบสนองแนวคิดของความจำเป็นในการปกป้องชื่อเสียงและเกียรติยศของบุคคลในขณะเดียวกันก็เป็นการสร้างสมดุลและคุ้มครองสิทธิในการแสดงออกได้อย่างอิสระโดยปราศจากการแทรกแซงอย่างไม่เป็นธรรมโดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่ง การศึกษาวิเคราะห์พระราชบัญญัติการปรับเป็นพินัย พ.ศ. 2565 ซึ่งเป็นกฎหมายใหม่ของประเทศไทย เพื่อนำเสนอว่ากฎหมายนี้สามารถใช้เป็นมาตรการในการจัดการกับความผิดฐานหมิ่นประมาทได้อย่างไร หรือสามารถยกเลิกกฎหมายอาญาไปโดยสิ้นเชิงและให้ผู้เสียหายใช้สิทธิทางแพ่งเพียงอย่างเดียวเป็นการเหมาะสมกับบริบทและได้ดุลยภาพของการปกป้องสิทธิทั้งประการหรือไม่จากการศึกษาวิจัยแสดงให้เห็นว่าการปรับเป็นพินัยเป็นมาตรการที่เหมาะสมในการลงโทษสำหรับความผิดฐานหมิ่นประมาท โดยไม่ทำให้ผู้กระทำความผิดมีประวัติอาชญากรรมติดตัว ซึ่งช่วยลดความเหลื่อมล้ำในระบบยุติธรรมและให้โอกาสในการเยียวยาและแก้ไขโดยไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้มาตรการที่รุนแรงเกินสัดส่วน และแนวทางนี้มีความสำคัญในสร้างขั้นตอนการพิจารณาที่เป็นธรรมและสอดคล้องกับหลักสิทธิมนุษยชน ในขณะเดียวกันก็ยังรักษาความเป็นธรรมและคุ้มครองชื่อเสียงของบุคคลจากการถูกหมิ่นประมาทได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ คงไว้ซึ่งหน้าที่ของรัฐในการปกป้องศักดิ์ศรีความเป็นมนุษย์และช่วยให้ระบบยุติธรรมของไทยก้าวหน้าในด้านการปกป้องสิทธิของประชาชนอย่างเท่าเทียมและยุติธรรม

ปัญหา อุปสรรค และแนวทางการพัฒนาประสิทธิภาพการปฏิบัติงานในการคัดกรองและตรวจสอบผู้โดยสารของตำรวจตรวจคนเข้าเมืองท่าอากาศยานดอนเมือง, รัฐพล สุวรรณรัฐ

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การศึกษาปัญหา อุปสรรค และแนวทางการพัฒนาประสิทธิภาพการปฏิบัติงานในการคัดกรองและตรวจสอบผู้โดยสารของตำรวจคนเข้าเมืองท่าอากาศยานดอนเมืองนี้ มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษา 1) เพื่อศึกษาปัญหาและอุปสรรคของตำรวจตรวจคนเข้าเมืองในการป้องกันอาชญากรรมในการคัดกรอง และตรวจสอบผู้โดยสารที่เดินทางเข้าประเทศไทยผ่านท่าอากาศยานดอนเมือง 2)เพื่อเสนอแนะแนวทางการเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพในการคัดกรอง และตรวจสอบผู้โดยสารที่เดินทางเข้าประเทศไทยผ่านท่าอากาศยานดอนเมืองใช้วิธีการสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึก (In-depth interview) โดยใช้แบบสัมภาษณ์แบบกึ่งโครงสร้าง (semi-structured selection interview) สัมภาษณ์ผู้ปฏิบัติงานระดับผู้บริหาร ผู้ควบคุมการปฏิบัติ และผู้ปฏิบัติงานในการคัดกรองและตรวจสอบผู้โดยสาร ณ ท่าอากาศยานดอนเมืองที่เป็นผู้ให้ข้อมูลสำคัญ จำนวน 12 คน ผลการศึกษาพบว่า ปริมาณผู้โดยสารที่เดินทางเข้ามาในช่วงเวลาชั่วโมงหนาแน่น ทำให้ระบายผู้โดยสารได้ช้า หรือบุคลากรที่มีในหน่วยงานไม่เพียงพอ ระบบเทคโนโลยีไม่เสถียร ทำให้ไม่สามารถเก็บข้อมูลได้ครบถ้วน เป็นต้น แนวทางพัฒนาประสิทธิภาพการปฏิบัติงานควรมีการเชื่อมโยงฐานข้อมูลของหน่วยงานที่เกี่ยวข้องไว้ด้วยกัน เช่น ข้อมูลหมายจับ ข้อมูลประวัติบุคคลพ้นโทษ และมีการอัพเดทข้อมูลต่าง ๆ อย่างสม่ำเสมอเพื่อให้การตรวจสอบของเจ้าหน้าที่ตรวจคนเข้าเมืองเป็นไปได้อย่างถูกต้องและรวดเร็ว เนื่องจากเจ้าหน้าที่ตรวจคนเข้าเมือง ที่ปฏิบัติหน้าที่ในสนามบินและในหลายพื้นที่ต้องปฏิบัติ หน้าที่ตลอด 24 ชั่วโมง ซึ่งมีความจำเป็นต้องประสานตรวจสอบข้อมูลกับหน่วยงานที่เกี่ยวข้องอยู่เสมอ จึงควรมีช่องทางกลางในการประสานงานร่วมระหว่างหน่วยงานที่มีความเกี่ยวข้องใกล้ชิด และสามารถติดต่อสอบถามได้ตลอด 24 ชั่วโมง

Professor Samuel H. Pillsbury's Science Of Mind: A Tribute, Deborah W. Denno

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Immigration Implications Of Presidential Pot Pardons, Jason A. Cade

Scholarly Works

This Essay examines the immigration implications of President Joe Biden’s Proclamation on October 6, 2022, pardoning most federal and D.C. offenders who committed the offense of simple marijuana possession. A late twentieth century interpretive shift by the Board of Immigration Appeals holds that pardons only prevent deportation for certain criminal history categories, which do not include controlled substance offenses, and thus far lower federal courts have deferred to the agency’s approach.Nevertheless, according to the analysis I offer, President Biden’s cannabis pardons should be deemed fully effective to eliminate all immigration penalties. All of the immigrant pardon cases to reach the …

Carceral Form And Social Critique In Zadie Smith's Nw, Wesley Hackman

Dissertations and Theses

No abstract provided.

A Deeper Dive Into Food Insecurity Among Women Involved In The Criminal Justice System, Jessica Robles

Public Health Theses

Background: The U.S. has the highest incarceration rate globally and a recent study found that 91% of formerly incarcerated individuals report being food insecure. Given that, women have become the fastest-growing segment in the incarceration system. Women who are involved in the criminal justice system (WICJ) are more at risk for experiencing food insecurity and chronic diseases. Therefore, this study aims to contribute to existing knowledge on the overall health of WICJ by assessing the prevalence of food insecurity and the social determinants of health (SDOH) that may contribute to food insecurity.Objective: To provide information on the overall health of …

Ukraine’S Quest For Justice: Accountability For Atrocities Committed In The Russia-Ukraine War, Tetiana Karpus

Dissertations and Theses

The Russian Federation's full-scale military invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, has been marked by numerous documented atrocities, potentially falling under the categories of war crimes and crimes against humanity. This thesis aims to explore whether these apparent human rights and humanitarian law violations merit international prosecution. It also assesses the suitability and feasibility of various mechanisms, such as establishing national courts, "internationalized" or "hybrid" tribunals, or resorting to the International Criminal Court (ICC), drawing insights from past experiences in transitional and retributive justice.

Harsh Creditor Remedies And The Role Of The Redeemer, Christopher D. Hampson

Fordham Law Review

The concept of the judgment-proof or collection-proof debtor is fundamental to our understanding of civil law and of what distinguishes it from criminal law. But when civil creditors can threaten unduly harsh or cruel debt collection measures (whether legally or not), they extend their reach into the pockets of those whom this Article calls “redeemers,” third parties with a familial or quasi-familial relationship to civil debtors who have reason to pay on their behalf. This Article examines four such measures—imprisonment, homelessness, destitution, and deportation—remedies that sound like they come from another time and place, but which are threatened by some …

Children Sentenced As Adults, Vanessa F. Hernandez Levin

Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy

No abstract provided.

The Neurological Imprint Of Incarceration And Its Effects On Recidivism, Malcolm Coffman

Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Social Capital And Juvenile Recidivism Risk In Bexar County, Texas: Critical Psychology Theory And Latent Class Analysis In Archival Research, Jada Horton

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Within the field of psychology, many theories exist about the origins and correlates of criminal/antisocial behavior at the individual or micro level. However, there exists a gap in psychological literature regarding the role of broader environmental factors, including the impact of systems and institutions on individual behavior and experience. This gap includes the role of sociohistorical factors and institutionalized biases regarding race/ethnicity, gender identity/sexual orientation, class, geographical location, and differing ability. The current study attempts to address this gap by conducting a Latent Class Analysis (LCA) using measures of social capital and other intake measures associated with juvenile crime to …

The Future Direction Of Death Penalty In Malaysia And Turkiye, Siti Zubaidah Ismail, Wan Roslili Majid

Research Publications (2021 to 2025)

The world is moving towards abolishing the death penalty. Many countries have moved towards abolishing the death penalty and opt for alternative punishment such as life imprisonment. According to Amnesty International, as many as 108 countries have become abolitionist and already removed it from the law, 144 countries have removed it from the law and practice, while 55 countries are retentionist. The continued existence of the death penalty has created pressures on the retentionist countries including Malaysia to consider alternative penalty or total abolition. It was only recently that the government made the decision to abolish the mandatory without eliminating …

The Dances Of The Presidency, Robert Chapin Poyser

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

This thesis will analysis the ideologies of Presidents Barack Obama, Donald Trump, & former Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton. The thesis will focus on the use of feminist critiques of the political rhetoric spoken by all three politicians to argue the discourse in the Obama era, Hillary Clinton’s two Presidential campaigns and President Donald Trump rise as a politician.

Career Handbook, Unlv Career Services

Career Handbook

The job search can be daunting and intimidating, but you are not alone in this journey. As you move into the next stage of your professional career, we want you to know that you have the support of UNLV Career Services, the UNLV Alumni Association, and employers who are part of our Rebel Family. We are here to mentor, guide, and walk you through the job search process, and we are invested in your future.

The road to career success is not always as easy as we might hope. You may encounter setbacks and struggles throughout the next few years, …

Diamond's Hidden Gems - Textbook Affordability, Ucf Libraries, Diamond Williams

Libraries' Documents

The cost of textbooks and course materials is a significant but often overlooked barrier to affording a degree. Being able to afford your textbook could be the difference between dropping a course and taking as many as possible. UCF's Textbook Affordability Initiative is designed to minimize the cost of course materials for students while maintaining quality and respecting academic freedom.

There's just one problem: few of us even know this program exists. Below, I give you everything you need to know to find out what free textbooks are available to you!

Diamond's Hidden Gems - Academic Engagement, Diamond Williams, Ucf Libraries

Libraries' Documents

The recent reopening of the third floor of the John C. Hitt Library has been long anticipated by students. In addition to containing new seating, study rooms, and Genesis (a colorful stained glass window you can relax in front of - I highly recommend it), the third floor also contains the Academic Engagement Suite. The Academic Engagement Suite houses librarians who are there to teach students how to use resources available through the library and provide one-on-one consultations for research assistance.

If you'd like to schedule an in-person or virtual research consultation, visit the Appointment page on the Libraries' Schedule …

Diamond's Hidden Gems - Journals Vs. Articles, Diamond Williams, Ucf Libraries

Libraries' Documents

With so much focus on research and academic writing in our college careers, there is one vital piece of information that is rarely ever brought up: the types of scholarly documents. While this may seem like elementary information for some of you, I doubt most of us entered college knowing about periodicals. Below, I provide a run-down of all the terminology you need to know to make your research much easier.

• A periodical is any publication that comes out regularly or occasionally.
• A magazine is a periodical with a popular focus, aimed at the general public, and containing news, personal …

Analyzing Media Representations Of Rape Investigations And Interrogating The Representation Of Victim Blaming And Rape Myths: A Feminist Rhetorical Critique On The Netflix Limited Series Unbelievable, Kelly N. Hutchison

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The problematic portrayals of rape investigations in televised media reify a culture ofvictim blaming and perpetuate an ideology that is harmful to victims and survivors. This thesis utilizes a feminist rhetorical critique to analyze the gender and socioeconomic representations of rape victims and rape investigators, in the Netflix limit series Unbelievable, to understand the problems in their portrayals. In a world where individuals are consuming media constantly, it is important to be critical of media representations because even seemingly progressive media representations may perpetuate harmful stereotypes.

Weathering The Storm: The Journey Of Healing From Sexual Trauma, Hana Shewamoltot Meshesha

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Individuals identifying as members of an underrepresented group face a higher risk of sexual violence (RAINN, 2020; Rosay, 2016; Smith et al., 2017). Encountering sexual violence is associated with physical and mental health issues that impact the wellbeing of survivors. Developing a theory to explain the healing responses to sexual trauma helps both survivors and those providing support gain knowledge about potentially transferable healing strategies. This grounded theory study was guided by a central question: what is the experience and process of surviving sexual trauma for individuals in underrepresented groups? Six adult survivors of sexual trauma identifying as members of …

Stepping Beyond The Bars: A Comparative Analysis Of Personality Traits In Previously Incarcerated Males And Females, Alexandra Anthonioz, Amanda Elbassiouny, Kayla Sircy

Modern Psychological Studies

The current study sought to explore differences in a previously incarcerated individual’s personality traits based on biological sex. It was posited that within a population of individuals who were formerly incarcerated, males would demonstrate a greater prevalence of personality traits that have been previously associated with involvement in the criminal justice system, compared to females. A total of 2,400 previously incarcerated people from Wave IV of The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (ADD Health) were asked questions related to personality traits. Previously incarcerated females had significantly higher levels of impulsivity than females not previously incarcerated, whereas previously incarcerated males …

Accuracy Of Ancestry Estimation In Forensic Anthropology: An Examination Of Select Nonmetric Methods, Mackenzie Miller

All ETDs from UAB

A goal of forensic anthropology is to aid in identifying unidentified human remains, often by creating a biological profile. An important piece of this profile is an ancestry estimate, and methodological accuracy is taken seriously. Traditional typological nonmetric methods of ancestry are heavily critiqued for being subjective and lacking scientific rigor in analysis. In addition, these methods are noted for conflating morphological traits with specific ancestral categories, ignoring the reality of continuous human variation. To combat this, scholars have proposed morphoscopic nonmetric methods as an alternative because they retain the accessibility popularized by typological methods but add a layer of …

Restoring Justice On Their Terms: The Path To Healing For Tulsa And Birmingham, Kameryn Thigpen

All ETDs from UAB

This thesis is a comparative case study examining the impact of the Tulsa Race Massacre in 1921 and the Birmingham Sixteenth Street Church Bombing in 1963. The comparative case study method aims to study how both communities educated the public about racial violence through the nonprofit sector. This research explores the racial structures that were in place during the time. This thesis argues for the role of the government in providing diversity, equity, accessibility, and inclusion training for federal employees. This research also discusses the government's contribution to advancing social equity.

Understanding Attitudes, Subjective Norms, And Intent Of Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy And Refusal Among African Americans In The United States Using The Theory Of Reasoned Action, Deandrea Lashay Martinez

All ETDs from UAB

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and vaccine refusal contributed to many African Americans not receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. The reasons for vaccine hesitancy and vaccine refusal were unclear by sociodemographic factors (income, gender, education, and age) among African Americans. This research explored attitudes, subjective norms, and intent of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and vaccine refusal among African Americans in the United States using the Theory of Reasoned Action. The two research questions were (1) Among African Americans, do age, income, gender, and education factors remain stable across three study cohorts in differentiating subjects who are COVID-19 vaccine hesitant versus refusal from 2020–2022? (2) …

Impact Of Covid-19 On A Smoking Cessation Intervention: A Look At Recruitment And Retention, Elizabeth S. Hawes

All ETDs from UAB

While smoking prevalence rates have declined in the general population over the past 50 years, persons in the criminal legal population have disproportionally high rates of smoking. Previous research suggests that smoking cessation interventions and campaigns have missed targeting this population. Due to the COVD-19 pandemic, many ongoing clinical trials had to rapidly shift to using remote trials, including our smoking cessation trial with the criminal legal population. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to compare recruitment rate, study adherence, retention, NRT adherence, and quit attempts for participants who completed the study as planned (In Person), after implementation of …