Digital Commons Network^™

Chow Diet In Mouse Aging Studies: Nothing Regular About It., Jennifer Lee, Chloe Purello, Sarah L Booth, Brian Bennett, Christopher D Wiley, Ron Korstanje

Faculty Research 2023

Chow diet is used in the majority of rodent studies and, although assumed to be standardized for dietary source and nutritional contents, it varies widely across commercial formulations. Similarly, current approaches to study aging in rodents involve a single-diet formulation across the lifespan and overlook age-specific nutritional requirements, which may have long-term effects on aging processes. Together, these nutrition-based disparities represent major gaps in geroscience research, affecting the interpretation and reproducibility of the studies. This perspective aims to raise awareness on the importance of rodent diet formulation and proposes that geroscientists include detailed descriptions of all experimental diets and feeding …

Chronic Health Conditions, School Attendance, And Socioeconomic Factors: A Literature Review, Kristin Wikel, Andrew M. Markelz

The Journal of Special Education Apprenticeship

Students with chronic health conditions experience many challenges, such as increased school absences, that may impact academic success. Additional academic problems exist for students with chronic health conditions who also have socioeconomic status (SES) factors. A systematic literature review as conducted to study the interactions between chronic health conditions, absenteeism, and factors associated with SES. Findings suggest that asthma, the most common chronic health condition in children, is the leading cause of health-related school absences. Findings also suggest that factors associated with SES, such as family income, also impact school attendance for students with chronic health conditions. Although the results …

Yemen's Youngest Victims: The Yemen Civil War's Toll On Children, Case Western Reserve University School Of Law

Yemen Accountability Project (YAP)

No abstract provided.

Improvement Of Community Health Worker Counseling Skills Through Early Childhood Development (Ecd) Videos, Supervision And Mentorship: A Mixed Methods Pre-Post Evaluation From Tanzania, Josephine Pascal Ferla, Michelle M. Gill, Teopista Komba, Amina Abubakar, Pieter Remes, Ola Jahanpour, Gretchen Antelman

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Background: Community health workers (CHWs) play significant roles in improving health practices in under- resourced communities. This study evaluated an early childhood development (ECD) project in Tanzania assessing the effect of mobile video use, supervision and mentorship to improve quality of CHW counseling skills.

Methods: CHWs participating in the Malezi Project in Tabora Region were enrolled in a mixed methods pre-post evaluation. CHWs previously trained in UNICEF’s Care for Child Development package were further trained in counselling caregivers on nurturing care and father engagement using videos. Health providers were trained to provide ECD-focused supervision/mentorship of CHWs in facilities and …

Navigating Life With Hiv As An Older Adult On The Kenyan Coast: Perceived Health Challenges Seen Through The Biopsychosocial Model, Patrick Mwangala, Ryan G. Wagner, Charles Newton, Amina Abubakar

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Objectives: This study explores the perceptions of adults living with HIV aged ≥50 years (recognized as older adults living with HIV—OALWH), primary caregivers and healthcare providers on the health challenges of ageing with HIV at Kilifi, a low literacy setting on the coast of Kenya.

Methods: We utilized the biopsychosocial model to explore views from 34 OALWH and 22 stakeholders on the physical, mental, and psychosocial health challenges of ageing with HIV in Kilifi in 2019. Data were drawn from semi-structured in-depth interviews, which were audio-recorded and transcribed. A framework approach was used to synthesize the data.

Results: Symptoms of …

Interactive Effects Of Nutrients And Temperature On Herbivorous Predation In A Coastal Plankton Community, Gayantonia Franzè, Stephanie I. Anderson, Joshua D. Kling, Paul Wilburn, David A. Hutchins, Elena Litchman, Tatiana A. Rynearson, Susanne Menden-Deuer

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

Marine microbial communities in coastal environments are subject to both seasonal fluctuations and anthropogenic alterations of environmental conditions. The separate influences of temperature and resource-dependency on phytoplankton growth, community, and ecosystem metabolism are relatively well understood. However, winners and losers in the ocean are determined based on the interplay among often rapidly changing biological, chemical and physical drivers. The direct, indirect, and interactive effects of these conditions on planktonic food web structure and function are poorly constrained. Here, we investigated how simultaneous manipulation of temperature and nutrient availability affects trophic transfer from phytoplankton to herbivorous protists, and their resulting implications …

Effect Of Vitamin D Metabolites On Bone Histomorphometry In Healthy Black And White Women: An Attempt To Unravel The So-Called Vitamin D Paradox In Blacks, S Qiu, George Divine, Sudhaker D Rao, Sudhaker D. Rao

Endocrinology Articles

An apparent vitamin D paradox, characterized by lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and higher bone mineral density, is present in black population. In contrast, blacks have higher serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)(2)D) levels. The effect of 1,25(OH)(2)D on the skeleton is not fully understood. We examined serum 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)(2)D and bone histomorphometry in 50 black and white women (25 each) matched for age, menstrual status, and BMI. Histomorphometric indices related to bone structure, remodeling and mineralization were measured in cancellous bone in iliac bone biopsies. Data analyses led to the following results: 1) serum 25(OH)D was significantly lower and 1,25(OH)(2)D …

Prenatal And Childhood Exposure To Organophosphate Pesticides And Behavior Problems In Adolescents And Young Adults In The Chamacos Study, Sharon K. Sagiv, Ana M. Mora, Stephen Rauch, Katherine R. Kogut, Carly Hyland, Robert B. Gunier, Asa Bradman, Julianna Deardorff, Brenda Eskenazi

Public and Population Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: We previously reported associations of prenatal exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides with poorer neurodevelopment in early childhood and at school age, including poorer cognitive function and more behavioral problems, in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS), a birth cohort study in an agriculture community.

Objective: We investigated the extent to which early-life exposure to OP pesticides is associated with behavioral problems, including mental health, in youth during adolescence and early adulthood.

Methods: We measured urinary dialkylphosphates (DAPs), nonspecific OP metabolites, in urine samples collected from mothers twice during pregnancy (13 and 26 …

Chmy 121n.01: Introduction To General Chemistry, Tyler A. Grina

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

The Lingering Ache: Temporalities Of Oral Health Suffering In United States-Mexico Border Communities, William A. Lucas, Heide Castañeda, Milena A. Melo

Anthropology Faculty Publications

Recent scholarship theorizes temporalities as an important part of the migration experience, with temporal insecurity being a crucial element of (im)mobility and inequality via the phenomenon of waiting. In this article, we examine how temporalities and experiences of waiting influence health status and access to care, using ethnographic data to articulate how temporalities impact resources and how a doxa of waiting is enacted, placing some groups at heightened risk of illness and pain compared to others. Drawing upon a sample of 100 immigrant families with mixed legal status living in United States-Mexico border communities, we focus on an understudied area …

Fast-Tracks And Prizes: A Multi-Pronged Approach To Incentivizing Green Technology Innovation, Benjamin Desch

Washington Law Review

Faced with the ever-worsening climate crisis, many nations—including the United States—have increasingly recognized the urgent need for rapid advancements in green, clean, and sustainable technologies. Patents play a fundamental role in incentivizing technological innovation, but the traditional patent process is too slow to match the urgency of the climate crisis. At the same time, the marketplace significantly undervalues green technology patents because they confer benefits to third parties not involved in the transaction (referred to as “positive externalities”). To address the urgency issue, patent “fast-track” programs have been implemented to speed up the patent application review process. To mitigate the …

Food Insecurity Among Deaf And Hard Of Hearing: A Scoping Review, Rylea Saunders, Laportia Jackson, Julia Vandermolen

JADARA

The authors employed a scoping review to examine peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2017 and 2020 focusing on the relationship between food insecurity among deaf and hard of hearing (DHOH) populations and language barriers using American Sign Language (ASL). Four databases yielded 257 peer-reviewed articles during the initial search. Four peer-reviewed articles were included in the review to explore the relationship between food insecurity among DHOH populations and language barriers using ASL. Multiple contributing factors create a food-insecure individual. Results indicate that income level, mental health status, and caregiver communication are all predictors of food security for DHOH. One of …

Evaluation Of Potential Surrogates For Listeria Monocytogenes In Fresh Citrus-Specific Validation Studies, Kimiko Grace Casuga

Master's Theses

The FSMA Produce Safety Rule (PSR) requires citrus packers to more closely assess, manage, and monitor food safety risks. Although there have been no foodborne illness outbreaks and only one recall in fresh citrus, the risk of pathogens coming in on the fruit and cross contamination during washing still exists. Packhouses have dynamic washing systems and in-plant validations may be the only way to demonstrate compliance with the PSR. In-plant validations use surrogates in place of pathogens, and none have been identified or validated for citrus. The aim of this research was to identify a surrogate for use in fresh …

Parens Patriae After The Pandemic, Meredith Johnson Harbach

North Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

Who Needs The State? We Do (Maybe), Deborah M. Weissman

North Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

Association Of Type 2 Diabetes Subgroups With Cognitive Status Without Modification From Lifestyle Intervention, Michael P. Bancks, James Lovato, Ashok Balasubramanyam, Mace Coday, Karen C. Johnson, Medha Munshi, Candida Rebello, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Mark A. Espeland

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Context: Type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for incident dementia but whether risk and treatment/prevention strategies differ by diabetes subgroup is unknown. Objective: We assessed (1) whether specific type 2 diabetes (T2D) subgroups are associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or probable dementia (PD), and (2) whether T2D subgroups modified the association of the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) multidomain intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) with MCI/PD. Methods: We included 3760 Look AHEAD participants with T2D and overweight or obesity randomly assigned to 10 years of ILI or diabetes support and education. We used k-means clustering techniques with …

Researching Covid To Enhance Recovery (Recover) Adult Study Protocol: Rationale, Objectives, And Design, Leora I. Horwitz, Tanayott Thaweethai, Shari B. Brosnahan, Mine S. Cicek, Megan L. Fitzgerald, Jason D. Goldman, Rachel Hess, S. L. Hodder, Vanessa L. Jacoby, Michael R. Jordan, Jerry A. Krishnan, Adeyinka O. Laiyemo, Torri D. Metz, Lauren Nichols, Rachel E. Patzer, Anisha Sekar, Nora G. Singer, Lauren E. Stiles, Barbara S. Taylor, Shifa Ahmed, Heather A. Algren, Khamal Anglin, Lisa Aponte-Soto, Hassan Ashktorab, Ingrid V. Bassett, Brahmchetna Bedi, Nahid Bhadelia, Christian Bime, Marie Abele C. Bind, Lora J. Black, Andra L. Blomkalns, Hassan Brim, Mario Castro, James Chan

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Importance SARS-CoV-2 infection can result in ongoing, relapsing, or new symptoms or other health effects after the acute phase of infection; termed post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), or long COVID. The characteristics, prevalence, trajectory and mechanisms of PASC are ill-defined. The objectives of the Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Multi-site Observational Study of PASC in Adults (RECOVER-Adult) are to: (1) characterize PASC prevalence; (2) characterize the symptoms, organ dysfunction, natural history, and distinct phenotypes of PASC; (3) identify demographic, social and clinical risk factors for PASC onset and recovery; and (4) define the biological mechanisms underlying PASC pathogenesis. …

The Factors Associated With Caesarean Section At A Rural Hospital In Southwestern Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study, Lilian Nuwabaine, Mathius Amperiize, Patience Annet Nakalega

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background

Globally, the overall prevalence of caesarean section (CS) is estimated at 18.6%, with 27% in high-income countries and 6% in low- and middle-income countries. There is an increase in trends of CS in Uganda from 8.5% in 2012 to 11% in 2016. No studies have been carried out to account for the high rates of CS at Kisiizi Hospital in Uganda. This study determined the proportion and factors associated with CS delivery at a rural hospital in southwestern Uganda.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study of 321 immediate postnatal women in a rural hospital in southwestern Uganda. A structured …

Food Processing And Campus Market (Building 24), Ian De Vries

Fire Protection Engineering: Culminating Experience Project Reports

This report provides a prescriptive and performance-based analysis of the Food Processing Building located on Cal Poly’s campus in San Luis Obispo, California. Food science and nutrition classes take place at the facility where faculty and students manufacture food products such as chocolates, jams, and barbecue sauces. The finished products are offered for sale in the building’s mercantile area, known as the Campus Market, in addition to other retail locations around the city. The Food Processing Building is considered mixed use with portions of the building classified as moderate-hazard factory (F-1), moderate-hazard storage (S-1), business (B), mercantile (M), and assembly …

Determinants Of First‐Ever Stroke Severity In West Africans: Evidence From The Siren Study, Oladimeji Adebayo, Onoja Akpa, Osahon J. Asowata, Adekunle Fakunle, Fred S. Sarfo, Albert Akpalu, Kolawole Wahab, Reginald Obiako, Morenikeji Komolafe, Philip Adebayo

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Background: Baseline stroke severity is probably partly responsible for poor stroke outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa. However, there is a paucity of information on determinants of stroke severity among indigenous Africans. We sought to identify the factors associated with stroke severity among West Africans in the SIREN (Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Networks) study.

Methods and Results: Stroke was diagnosed clinically and confirmed with brain neuroimaging. Severe stroke was defined as a Stroke Levity Scale score of ≤5. A multivariate logistic regression model was constructed to identify factors associated with stroke severity at 95% CI and a nominal cutoff of 5% …

Impact Of Zein And Lignin-Plga Biopolymer Nanoparticles Used As Pesticide Nanocarriers On Soybean Growth And Yield Under Field Conditions, Colin A.R. Bonser, Jaya Borgatta, Jason C. White, Carlos E. Astete, Cristina M. Sabliov, Jeffrey A. Davis

Faculty Publications

Nanoparticles are being utilized in agriculture as fertilizers, pesticides, and agrochemical-carriers. Designed to be biocompatible and degradable, biopolymer nanoparticles were developed as an alternative to metallic nanoparticles, and though safe-by-design, polymeric nanoparticles must be field-tested prior to largescale use. Several field studies were conducted to observe detrimental effects of biopolymer nanoparticles on plant growth and yield using soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., as a model system. Biopolymer nanoparticles made from lignin or zein were applied as seed treatments to soybean seeds or as foliar sprays (zein only) to soybean plants. Studies using biopolymer nanoparticle seed treatments (nano-STs) measured the germination …

Black Soldier Fly Frass Supports Plant Growth And Reduces Nitrogen Leaching During Coleus Production, Jeffrey Beasley, Jeff Kuehny, Thanos Gentimis, Jeb Fields

Faculty Publications

Industrial insect rearing is expected to increase as a feedstock to meet growing global food demand. This will lead to greater production of insect excreta known as frass, a nutrient-dense organic material that has shown promise as a natural fertilizer source with potential environmental benefits. In this study, black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) frass (BSFF) was compared with a synthetic fertilizer (SF) during production of containerized ornamentals grown under greenhouse conditions. Fertilizers were incorporated into a bark-based substrate at 0, 0.1, 0.2, or 0.3 kg.m–3 nitrogen (N) planted with coleus (Plectranthus scutellarioides) plugs. Growth index, shoot dry weight, and leaf …

Students' Consumption Of High And Low Nutrition Foods And Reduced Plate Waste By Schools' Wellness-Related Policies And Garden Program Participation, Andrea S. Richardson, Alvin Nugroho, Tamara Dubowitz, Dana Schultz, Corby K. Martin

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Background: Participation in school-based programs that may support children's nutritious dietary behaviours varies across schools. We examined school participation in wellness-related policies, school-based garden programs and students' dietary behaviours. Methods: Among matching schools who did and did not participate in school-based garden programs, we analysed the lunches of 80 Pittsburgh Public Schools (PPS) students in 1st, 2nd, 6th and 7th grades during Autumn 2019 using digital food photography. We also acquired school wellness policy data. Using cross-sectional linear regression, we estimated the association between school-based garden programming, wellness-related policies and dietary outcomes, adjusting for grade. Results: School's implementation of nutrition …

Molecular Research In Rice, Prasanta K. Subudhi

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Genome-Wide Association Study Identified Candidate Genes For Alkalinity Tolerance In Rice, Lovepreet Singh, Rajat Pruthi, Sandeep Chapagain, Prasanta K. Subudhi

Faculty Publications

Alkalinity stress is a major hindrance to enhancing rice production globally due to its damaging effect on plants’ growth and development compared with salinity stress. However, understanding of the physiological and molecular mechanisms of alkalinity tolerance is limited. Therefore, a panel of indica and japonica rice genotypes was evaluated for alkalinity tolerance at the seedling stage in a genome-wide association study to identify tolerant genotypes and candidate genes. Principal component analysis revealed that traits such as alkalinity tolerance score, shoot dry weight, and shoot fresh weight had the highest contribution to variations in tolerance, while shoot Na+ concentration, shoot Na+:K+ …

Associations Between Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Of Affective And Vegetative Domains And Brain Morphology In Aging People With Mild Cognitive Impairment And Alzheimer's Disease, Adriana Cannizzaro, Lucas Ronat, Lyna Mariam El Haffaf, Alexandru Hanganu, Michael Weiner, Paul Aisen, Paul Aisen, Paul Aisen, Ronald Petersen, Clifford R. Jack, William Jagust, William Jagust, John Q. Trojanowki, John Q. Trojanowki, Arthur W. Toga, Arthur W. Toga, Laurel Beckett, Laurel Beckett, Robert C. Green, Robert C. Green, Andrew J. Saykin, Andrew J. Saykin, John Morris, Enchi Liu, Tom Montine, Ronald Petersen, Ronald Petersen, Anthony Gamst, Anthony Gamst, Ronald G. Thomas, Michael Donohue, Michael Donohue, Sarah Walter, Devon Gessert

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Objective: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and even more in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The symptom-based cluster including nighttime disturbances, depression, appetite changes, anxiety, and apathy (affective and vegetative symptoms) was associated with an increased risk of dementia in MCI and has common neuroanatomical associations. Our objective was to investigate the differences in brain morphology associations with affective and vegetative symptoms between three groups: cognitively normal older adults (CN), MCI and AD. Material and Methods: Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative data of 223 CN, 367 MCI and 175 AD, including cortical volumes, surface areas and thicknesses and …

Food-Evoked Emotion, Product Acceptance, Food Preference, Food Choice And Consumption: Some New Perspectives, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Yogurt With Carao (Cassia Grandis) On Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction, Α-Glycosidase Activity, Lipase Activity, Hypoglycemic Effect, And Antioxidant Activity, Ricardo S. Aleman, Jhunior Marcia, Ryan Page, Shirin Kazemzadeh Pournaki, Daniel Martín-Vertedor, Víctor Manrique-Fernández, Ismael Montero-Fernández, Kayanush Aryana

Faculty Publications

Cell inflammation disrupts intestinal barrier functions and may cause disorders related to a leaky gut, possibly leading to diabetes. The objective of this study was to determine if carao (Cassia grandis) incorporated into yogurt enhances in vitro intestinal barrier function. To achieve this goal, Caco-2 cells were used as a model of intestinal barrier permeability. Caco-2 cells were treated with cytokines (interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)) and yogurt with carao yogurt (CY) at different doses (1.3 g/L, 2.65 g/L, and 5.3 g/L). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain and immunofluorescence microscopy were applied to evaluate the expression and localization …

Andreasen Center For Wellness: Serving The Community Creatively, Rachel Keele

Lake Union Herald

No abstract provided.

Corn Cob And Corn Husk Biochars Enhance The Growth Of Corn (Zea Mays L.) In Fertilized Clay Loam Soil, Arsenio D. Bulfa Jr, Gina Villegas Pangga, Amparo M. Wagan

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Biochar is a carbon (C) rich material that improves soil quality, increases crop yield, and is produced from biomass pyrolysis under a limited oxygen environment. An experiment laid out in a split-plot, a completely randomized design (CRD) and was conducted to investigate the growth responses of corn-to-corn cob biochar (CCB) (15 t ha^-1), and corn husk biochar (CHB) (15 t ha^-1) in a Lipa clay loam soil (Typic Eutrudepts) applied with organic fertilizer (OF) (10 t ha^-1) and inorganic fertilizer [recommended rate (RR):120 N;60 P₂O₅-60; K₂O …