Digital Commons Network^™

Direct And Moderating Effects Of Work Environment And Structural Empowerment On Job Stress And Job Satisfaction Among Nurses In Oman, Raeda Abualrub, Sulaiman D. Al Sabei, Omar Al-Rawajfah, Leodoro J. Labrague, Ikram A. Burney

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the relationships between nurses’ work environment, job stress and job satisfaction, along with the moderating effects of work environment and empowerment on the relationship between job stress and job satisfaction. Methods: A descriptive correlational design was utilised for this study. The study encompassed a convenience sample of 1,796 hospital nurses from the 11 governorates in Oman. Moreover, a self-report questionnaire that included a set of instruments was used to collect the data. Results: Nurses who perceived higher levels of job stress reported lower levels of satisfaction and empowerment and perceived their work environment as …

The Burden Of Human Parechoviruses Among Children In Oman: A Retrospective Study, Aws Al-Farsi, Zaid Alhinai, Fatma Ba Alawi, Khuloud Al Maamari, Laila S. Al Yazidi

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the burden, clinical and laboratory features and outcomes of human parechoviruses (HPeVs) infection among children in Oman. Methods: This retrospective study included children (aged <18 years) with molecularly proven HPeV infection who were managed at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, between January 2017 and December 2019. Data were obtained from the patients’ medical records and analysed to describe their demographics, clinical and laboratory features, management and outcomes. Results: HPeV was detected in 61 patients, 44 (72%) of whom were males. The median age of these patients was nine months (interquartile range [IQR]: 6–15 months). HPeV was detected throughout the year without any significant peaks. Majority of the patients (n = 51, 84%) had co-infection with other viruses. Forty-eight (79%) children with HPeV infection required hospitalisation, and their median length of hospital stay was five days (IQR: 3–8 days). Ex-prematurity (n = 10, 16%) was the commonest comorbidity among this group. Fever (n = 41, 67%) and cough (n = 41, 67%) were the commonest presenting symptoms among the children. Two-thirds of the HPeV-infected children in this cohort were managed for lower respiratory tract infection; none was managed for meningitis. Gastroenteritis was not common in this cohort; only eight children had diarrhoea. All children made a full recovery. Conclusion: HPeVs infection does not show a clear seasonality in Oman. Most of the children were aged <2 years and had a viral co-infection. The outcomes of HPeV infection were favourable, with no mortalities, but a thorough follow-up for neurological outcomes was lacking.

Severe Neonatal Presentation Of Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis Type 4 In An Omani Infant, Samira Al Housni, Khalid Al-Thihli, Dafalla Rahmatalla, Yasser Wali, Yusriya Al Rawahi

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 4 (PFIC4) is a relatively newly described autosomal recessive disorder caused by biallelic mutations in the gene encoding tight junction protein 2 (TJP2) which is located in chromosome 9q21. PFIC4 is characterised by cholestasis with or without other extrahepatic manifestations. Bleeding tendency due to vitamin k deficiency is a well-known complication of cholestasis. We present a neonate who presented to the Emergency Department at a tertiary care hospital in 2021 with cholestasis and multiple intracranial bleeds. He was found to have severe coagulopathy and his genetic work up revealed a homozygous variant mutation in TJP2 …

Re: Guillain-Barré Syndrome Associated With Sars-Cov-2 In Two Paediatric Patients, Sounira Mehri, Sinda Zarrouk, Josef Finsterer

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Attempts To Understand Oral Mucositis In Head And Neck Cancer Patients Through Omics Studies: A Narrative Review, Erin Marie D San Valentin, Kim-Anh Do, Sai-Ching J Yeung, Cielito C Reyes-Gibby

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Oral mucositis (OM) is a common and clinically impactful side effect of cytotoxic cancer treatment, particularly in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who undergo radiotherapy with or without concomitant chemotherapy. The etiology and pathogenic mechanisms of OM are complex, multifaceted and elicit both direct and indirect damage to the mucosa. In this narrative review, we describe studies that use various omics methodologies (genomics, transcriptomics, microbiomics and metabolomics) in attempts to elucidate the biological pathways associated with the development or severity of OM. Integrating different omics into multi-omics approaches carries the potential to discover links among host …

Delineating The Interplay Between Oncogenic Pathways And Immunity In Anaplastic Wilms Tumors, Xiaoping Su, Xiaofan Lu, Sehrish Khan Bazai, Linda Dainese, Arnauld Verschuur, Benoit Dumont, Roger Mouawad, Li Xu, Wenxuan Cheng, Fangrong Yan, Sabine Irtan, Véronique Lindner, Catherine Paillard, Yves Le Bouc, Aurore Coulomb, Gabriel G Malouf

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Wilms tumors are highly curable in up to 90% of cases with a combination of surgery and radio-chemotherapy, but treatment-resistant types such as diffuse anaplastic Wilms tumors pose significant therapeutic challenges. Our multi-omics profiling unveils a distinct desert-like diffuse anaplastic Wilms tumor subtype marked by immune/stromal cell depletion, TP53 alterations, and cGAS-STING pathway downregulation, accounting for one-third of all diffuse anaplastic cases. This subtype, also characterized by reduced CD8 and CD3 infiltration and active oncogenic pathways involving histone deacetylase and DNA repair, correlates with poor clinical outcomes. These oncogenic pathways are found to be conserved in anaplastic Wilms tumor cell …

Collaborative Multidisciplinary Management And Expertise Of Ct2-3 Locally Advanced Operable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Report Of Two Cases, Xuefeng Leng, Daisuke Kurita, Yi Zhu, Seiichiro Abe, Ruixiang Zhang, Xufeng Guo, Liang Dai, Ian Yu-Hong Wong, Seong Yong Park, Berend J Van Der Wilk, Xing Gao, Yung-Chang Chen, Rui Zhao, Jiahua Lv, Haomiao Qing, Yang Liu, Kyle G Mitchell, Bas P L Wijnhoven, Yongtao Han, Hiroyuki Daiko

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The accurate clinical staging of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is pivotal for guiding treatment strategies. However, the current precision in staging for clinical T (cT)2 and cT3 stages remains unsatisfactory. This article discusses the role of multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) in the clinical staging and formulation of neoadjuvant treatment strategies for locally advanced operable ESCC. These challenges underscore the importance of precise staging in the decision-making process for appropriate therapeutic interventions.

CASE DESCRIPTION: Through the lens of two patient case studies with locally advanced resectable ESCC, the article showcases the intricate process of treatment planning undertaken by MDTs. It …

Host Immunity Associated With Spontaneous Suppression Of Viremia In Therapy-Naïve Young Rhesus Macaques Following Neonatal Shiv Infection., Tyler D. Evangelous, Madison Berry, Sravani Venkatayogi, Cas Lemaster, Eric S. Geanes, Nicole De Naeyer, Todd Demarco, Xiaoying Shen, Hui Li, Bhavna Hora, Nicholas Solomonis, Johnathan Misamore, Mark G. Lewis, Thomas N. Denny, David Montefiori, George M. Shaw, Kevin Wiehe, Todd Bradley, Wilton B. Williams

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Despite the advent of highly active anti-retroviral therapy, people are still dying from HIV-related causes, many of whom are children, and a protective vaccine or cure is needed to end the HIV pandemic. Understanding the nature and activation states of immune cell subsets during infection will provide insights into the immunologic milieu associated with viremia suppression that can be harnessed via therapeutic strategies to achieve a functional cure, but these are understudied in pediatric subjects. We evaluated humoral and adaptive host immunity associated with suppression of viremia in rhesus macaques infected soon after birth with a pathogenic SHIV. The results …

Cannabinoids In Periodontology: Where Are We Now?, Yésica Carmona Rendón, Hernán Santiago Garzón, Bruno Bueno-Silva, Roger M Arce, Lina Janeth Suárez

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Cannabinoids are a well-documented treatment modality for various immune and inflammatory diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Crohn's disease, arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and a range of neurodegenerative conditions. However, limited information is available regarding the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids in treating periodontal disease.

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the current evidence on the antibacterial and immunomodulatory effects of cannabis and its role in the healing and regeneration processes within periodontal tissues.

Results: This review discusses the potential role of cannabinoids in restoring periodontal tissue homeostasis.

Conclusions: The examination of the endocannabinoid system and the …

The Opportunities And Challenges Of Perioperative Therapy Of Localized Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer-Thoughts From The Keynote-671 Trial, Nathaniel Deboever, Jianjun Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

The Breastfeeding Relationship Between Employed Mother-Infant Dyads: A Mixed Methods Prospective Study, Natsuko K. Wood

Sigma Foundation for Nursing Research Grant Reports

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of maternal employment during the COVID-19 pandemic on the breastfeeding relationship between breastfeeding mother and infant dyads and its relationship to maternal emotions and to explore maternal breastfeeding experiences.

The Lived Experiences Of Esl Nontraditional Rrts While Preparing To Challenge The National Board For Respiratory Care Clinical Simulation Exam, Jose A. Lammoglia

Theses and Dissertations

This applied dissertation was designed to provide information to respiratory therapy graduates from two-year associate in science programs, faculty, and administrators about

the cognitive and noncognitive strategies employed by graduates to prepare and pass the CSE. To date, no available information on the role played by the lived experiences of RT graduates while preparing to challenge the CSE. The researcher developed a questionnaire to conduct a qualitative phenomenological descriptive lived experience survey of ESL Hispanic nontraditional graduates from associate of science programs in South Florida who took the NBRC national board examinations between January 2015 and March 2022.

An analysis …

The Association Between Immigration And Recidivism Among Juveniles: Exploring The Effects Of Acculturation, Moral Disengagement, Employment And Community Involvement., Juanita Mirekuaa Sefa

Theses and Dissertations

The topic of immigration remains a highly debated issue, particularly in light of rising worldwide migration and its potential impacts on crime rates. This study aims to investigate the association between immigration and recidivism among juveniles and the mediating effects of acculturation, moral disengagement, employment, and involvement in community activities on recidivism. The data for this study is drawn from the Pathways to Desistance study of serious adolescent offenders. It follows approximately 1354 serious adolescent offenders, of which 210 are second-generation and 83 are first-generation immigrants. Recidivism was measured using a period of twelve months. Findings indicated that second-generation immigrants …

Intravenous Levothyroxine For Unstable Brain-Dead Heart Donors, Rajat Dhar, Gary F Marklin, W Dean Klinkenberg, Jinli Wang, Charles W Goss, Abhijit V Lele, Clark D Kensinger, Paul A Lange, Daniel J Lebovitz

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Hemodynamic instability and myocardial dysfunction are major factors preventing the transplantation of hearts from organ donors after brain death. Intravenous levothyroxine is widely used in donor care, on the basis of observational data suggesting that more organs may be transplanted from donors who receive hormonal supplementation.

METHODS: In this trial involving 15 organ-procurement organizations in the United States, we randomly assigned hemodynamically unstable potential heart donors within 24 hours after declaration of death according to neurologic criteria to open-label infusion of intravenous levothyroxine (30 μg per hour for a minimum of 12 hours) or saline placebo. The primary outcome …

Association Between E-Cigarette Use And Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Muhammad Talal Ashraf, Asim Shaikh, Muhammad Shakeel Khuzzaim Khan, Naseer Uddin, Muhammad Arham Bin Kashif, Syed Hassan Ahmed Rizvi, Hammad Khalid, Stafford Jude Sam, Affan Sohail

Department of Medicine

Background: The popularity of e-cigarettes has risen dramatically over the last few years, particularly among the younger population. Although the use of combustible cigarettes has established evidence to be associated with the development of several adverse cardiopulmonary diseases, the investigations regarding the prospective long-term effects of e-cigarette use on the cardiovascular system have just begun. We set to investigate if there is an association between the history of MI and e-cigarette use among smokers and non-smokers?
Methods: The current review aims to assess the association of myocardial infarction with e-cigarette consumption. PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled …

Modulation Of Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Function Fed Different Postbiotics And A Probiotic From Lactobacilli, Mark Rawling, Marion Schiavone, Amélie Mugnier, Eric Leclercq, Daniel Merrifield, Andrew Foey, Emmanuelle Apper

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

It is generally accepted that microbes play a critical role in maintaining gut barrier function, making them ideal to target in order to mitigate the effects of intestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease with specialist supplementations such as probiotic or postbiotic preparations. In this study, specific strains of Lactobacillus helvictus both live and inactivated and Lactobacillus plantarum inactivated were fed to zebrafish at an inclusion level of 6 × 106 cells/g in order to assess the effects on gut barrier function and protection. Taken together, our results indicate that dietary administration of pro- or postbiotics strengthens the gut barrier …

Finding Silver Linings In The Covid-19 Pandemic: A 2-Wave Study In The Uk, Alison M. Bacon, Jaysan Charlesford, Michael Hyland, Tilla Puskas, Poppy Hughes

School of Psychology

The Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in widespread anxiety, fear and depression, yet focussing only on these negative issues may obscure the opportunity to promote positivity and resilience. Traumatic events can often result in positive life changes (termed adversarial growth) though there is little evidence in the context of pandemics, and no previous studies in Covid-19 with the general public. The present research investigated whether adversarial growth was perceived in Covid-19 and whether this could account for variance in wellbeing, over and above effects of personality traits. Participants recruited from the UK public (N = 183) completed the Big Five Personality …

20231130_Hslic's Biomedical Informatics Seminar Series Presents- Leo S. Lo, Edd, Mlis, Mfa, And Laura Hall, Mfa, Mba, Brandon Carroll

HSLIC Blog Post

No abstract provided.

Clinical Characteristics Of People With Intellectual Disability Admitted To Hospital With Constipation: Identifying Possible Specific High-Risk Factors, R. Laugharne, M. Wilcock, J. Rees, D. Wainwright, N. Newton, J. Sterritt, S. Badger, R. Bishop, P. Bassett, R. Shankar

Peninsula Medical School

Background: People with intellectual disabilities (ID) die on an average 20 years earlier to the general population. They have higher rates of multimorbidity and polypharmacy. Around 25% of people with ID report chronic constipation. The England Learning Disabilities Mortality Review found that nearly 25% of deaths identified constipation as a long-term health problem. However, the likely risk factors for constipation related harm are poorly enumerated. We sought to identify possible specific high-risk factors by examining the clinical characteristics of people with ID admitted to hospital with constipation. Methods: Data of people with ID admitted with constipation in two general hospitals …

Enhancing Public Library Services: A Future Outlook On Digital Libraries In Pakistan, Muhammad Sohail Haider, Chen Ya Prof, Md. Nurul Islam, Muhammad Danyal, Muhammad Hussain

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Objective: Governments consistently aim to enhance services and establish online connections to efficiently deliver necessary information. This study aims to evaluate the future potential of digital libraries in public libraries in Pakistan by examining various projects that have introduced innovative approaches to foster the development of digital library services.

Methodology: The analysis utilized the Amos 24 version, employing the Structural Equation Model (SEM) for assessing model fit indices and validating hypotheses. Additionally, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24 was employed for Pearson correlation and factor analysis.

Findings: The results suggest the appropriateness of discussing three out of the …

Analyzing Transition Metallic Catalytic Converter Impact On Four-Stroke Motorcycle Fuel Consumption, Sudirman Rizki Ariyanto, Ata Syifa’ Nugraha, Wahyu Robby Cahyadi, Yelma Dianastiti, Muhammad Yandi Pratama

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

Increased exhaust emissions from motor vehicles have become a major concern in efforts to reduce air pollution. One developed solution is the use of transition metallic catalytic converter (TMCC) technology in vehicle exhaust systems. This study aims to compare the fuel consumption efficiency of three types of exhaust systems, namely standard exhaust without a catalyst (STD WC), the standard exhaust with Original Equipment Manufacturer catalyst (STD OEM), and an exhaust system equipped with a Copper-Coated Chrome Metallic Catalytic Converter (TMCC CuCr). The data analysis method employed a quantitative approach by collecting fuel consumption data at each rpm and analyzing the …

The Effect Of Adding Aluminium On The Performance Of Zno Nrs/Pani In Their Application As Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting, Eprilia Trikusuma Sari, Nandang Mufti, Anissa Chairani Alfin Nadhira, Hari Wisodo, Markus Diantoro

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) is a new renewable energy technology that converts H2O into hydrogen and oxygen gas with the help of sunlight. A photoelectrochemical cell device consists of three main components, one of which is the photoanode. One of the materials that can be used as a photoanode is ZnO which has good electrical properties and is non-toxic. Nanorods-structured ZnO has the advantage of being able to increase light absorption due to its high surface area. However, the resulting performance is still quite low. So it is necessary to make modifications to the photoanode, one of which is by adding aluminium …

Standardized Total Fitness Scores And Phase Angle In Cancer Survivors, Paulette Yamada, Trevor Short

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology Volume 4: Issue 1, Article 20, 2023. Cancer treatment can lead to decrement in all components of fitness. Exercise can attenuate these effects and build fitness. Exercise program design for this population continues to evolve with high-intensity interval training at the forefront. Phase angle (PhA) is an indirect measure of cellular health and function and is associated with fitness, health, and reduced disease severity. Continued exploration spurs an emerging question: What type of training should be used to maximize improvements in PhA? We provide a visualization of a cancer rehabilitation fitness profile and present …

Adding Context To Monitoring Neuromuscular Status In High-Performance Sport, Trevor Short, Trevor Sackmann, Paulette Yamada

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology Volume 4: Issue 1, Article 19, 2023. Utilizing performance tests alone without the contextualization of other information may mislead practitioners in the decision-making process. Thus, the purpose of this Topic Brief is to provide practitioners a decision tree and systematic triangulation approach for adding context to assessing neuromuscular status, which provides a clear picture of how to prepare an athlete for competition.

Monitoring Readiness Using The Hooper Index In American Football Players: Defining Flagging Thresholds, Trevor Short, Kody Cooke, Paulette Yamada

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology Volume 4: Issue 1, Article 18, 2023. The purpose of this article is to illustrate how the Hooper Index, which to our knowledge has not been utilized in American Football, can notify the practitioner when to modify training or apply recovery interventions throughout the season.

Islands Of Suppression: Japanese Internment In Hawaii Vs. West Coast 1941-1945, Carson Brown '24

Senior Scholarly and Creative Symposium

The United States' involvement in World War II resulted in the internment and relocation of people of Japanese descent on the home front. The Territory of Hawaii was comprised of over a hundred thousand Japanese residents, who were also slated to be relocated. By exploring the differences between the military generals placed in charge of the West Coast (General John L. DeWitt) and the Territory of Hawaii (General Delos C. Emmons), the treatment of the ethnic Japanese in the areas shows a broader context of morals and racial profiling in the United States.

Injustice In The Field? A Look At Field Booking Arrests In A Southeastern City, Deena A. Isom, Kaitlen E. Hubbard, Hiuxuan Li

International Journal on Responsibility

Issuing citations in lieu of arrests, or field booking arrests, is touted as beneficial by reducing the costs for the criminal legal system; reducing the burdens placed on individuals by avoiding arrest records, possible pretrial detention, and financial obligations; bettering community relationships with officers; increasing officer safety and efficiency; and reducing jail overcrowding. Yet, there are still substantial concerns that the practice may be disproportionately utilized and lead to net-widening. Using data obtained from a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request, we assess a snapshot of field booking arrests in a Southeastern city. Specifically, we assess if there are racial …

Evangelical Health Systems Annual Report, 1986, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

Evangelical Health Systems, Oak Brook, IL: Annual report of the Evangelical Health Systems. Includes data from legacy hospitals: Christ Hospital, Good Samaritan Hospital, Good Shepherd Hospital, and Bethany Hospital. Christ Hospital became Christ Hospital and Medical Center. Woodlawn Hospital closed and merged with Bethany Hospital. Evangelical School of Nursing no longer admitted new students, planning a final graduating class for 1988.

Evangelical Health Systems Annual Report, 1991, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

Evangelical Health Systems, Oak Brook, IL: Annual report of the Evangelical Health Systems. This report include data about legacy hospitals: Christ Hospital and Medical Center, South Chicago Community Hospital, Bethany Hospital, Good Shepherd Hospital, Good Samaritan Hospital, as well as its Home Health Care and Extended Care services. Each facility includes patient testimonial and a "Vision 2000" statement about where the facility will be in the new millennium.

Making The Rounds, 1995, V1 N1, September 11, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

The Park Ridge Center, Chicago, IL: Issue of "Making the Rounds in Health, Faith, & Ethics", a publication from The Park Ridge Center for the Study of Health, Faith and Ethics, associated with Lutheran General Hospital. This issue has an interview with C. Everett Koop, former U.S. surgeon general, as well as a discussion on resuscitation rights.