Digital Commons Network^™

Woke Capital Revisited, Jennifer S. Fan

Law Faculty Research and Publications

Inclusive corporate leadership is now at the forefront of discussions related to corporate governance. Two corporate theories help to explain the rise in prominence of diversity, equity, and inclusion (“DEI”) efforts in corporate leadership. First, an expanded definition of corporate purpose which elevated the idea of the importance of stakeholders, contributed to the momentum from business and legal quarters for broader corporate inclusion. Second, the increasing publicness of corporations—the social expectation of how large, typically public corporations should act given their position of power—also led to corporations becoming more active in the DEI space. It is against this backdrop that …

Trends Over Time In Incidence Of Bicuspid Aortic Valve Patients With Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms In New York, Sarah Marc, Jahnvi Bansal, Alexander Cove, Annet Kuruvilla, Joshua Helali, Ashutosh Yaligar, Junying Wang, Jie Yang, Jonathan Price, Thomas Bilfinger, Henry Tannous, Annie Laurie Shroyer, Allison Mclarty

Department of Surgery Faculty Publications

Aim: Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is one of the most common congenital cardiac malformations, with increased risk for early onset thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA). This study aims to examine the trends over time in incidence of BAV patients with TAA, given imaging advancements and increased frequency of imaging.

Methods: Using administrative billing codes, this retrospective cohort study analyzed New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System records from January 2007- December 2018, evaluating BAV+TAA incidence trends. Subgroups based on index admission were evaluated with a pre-identified 2014 inflection time point using an interrupted time series (ITS) analysis.

Results: Using a …

Soil And Wastewater Properties That Influence The Uptake Of Anti(Retro)Viral Pharmaceuticals In Plants, Preston Chebai Akenga

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

This study evaluated the fate of anti(retro)viral (ARVDs) pharmaceutical compounds in the wastewater-soil-plant-human continuum. Wastewater frequently contains pharmaceutical micropollutants. A cause to worry is the potential uptake and bioaccumulation of these biologically active contaminants via the plant's roots into the edible tissues, posing a health threat to non-target consumers. Presently, the influence of the wastewater and soil parameters (pH, soil organic matter, dissolved organic carbon) on the uptake patterns of the (ARVDs) pharmaceutical compounds is unclear. Hydroponic and pot-soil experiments were utilized to assess the ARVD accumulation in lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Spiked freshwater (stored rainwater) and synthetic wastewater (adopted as …

Senior Seminar, Steelman Library, Beth Leslie Dr.

Syllabus Repository

No abstract provided.

Rethinking Victim Participation In International Criminal Tribunals, Julia L. Jacovides

Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Switzerland's "Summary Penalty Order" System: Should A Similar System Be Used For America's Minor Crimes?, Kirk Earl

Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law

Jack Ford did not think he was committing a crime when his girlfriend let him spend the night with her at a house in Baltimore. However, what Ford did not know was that the owner of the house had not given permission for the couple to stay there. Ford was arrested and charged with burglary in the fourth degree, which is a misdemeanor in the state of Maryland. Ford’s attorney believed that Ford would have a strong case at trial because he did not know that he was not allowed in the house, so there was no intent to commit …

Editorial Board And Staff

South Carolina Journal of International Law and Business

No abstract provided.

Volume 13, Issue 1 - Full Issue, Journal Of International & Comparative Law, Notre Dame Law School

Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Convergence & Divergence In Digital Trade Regulation: A Comparative Analysis Of Cp-Tpp, Rcep, And Ejsi, Andrew D. Mitchell, Vandana Gyanchandani

South Carolina Journal of International Law and Business

The article provides an in-depth comparative legal analysis of the fundamental digital trade provisions in three modern trade agreements: the Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (CP-TPP), Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP), and Joint Statement Initiative on electronic commerce (eJSI) draft text. It features new, diverse regulatory priorities and approaches to govern digital trade. The comparative analysis will enable policymakers and civil society to appreciate the underlying regulatory concerns in negotiating digital trade agreements. The analysis aims to support an advancement of such digital trade provisions and make these deliberations more inclusive in future.

Violating The Protections Of International Law: Examining Methods To Combat The Practice Of Female, Angel R. Gardner

Human Rights Brief

In 2021, the women’s rights non-governmental organization (“NGO”), Equality Now, filed a lawsuit alongside other organizations1 challenging Mali’s failure to outlaw the practice of female genital mutilation (“FGM”). FGM involves the partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to female genital organs for non-medical purposes. The practice of FGM traces back to an ancient ritual, however, current research reveals that it causes serious health problems. The case brought by these NGOs has the potential to create binding precedent against the practice of FGM across all the African States.

Smart Regulation: Lessons From The Artificial Intelligence Act, John Hillman

Emory International Law Review

The European Union (EU) has recently announced that it will consider a proposal to systematically regulate artificial intelligence (AI) systems. This regulation will add to the legacy of other data regulation acts adopted in the EU and move the EU closer to a comprehensive framework through which it can address rapidly evolving technologies like AI. The United States has yet to implement data regulation or AI regulation legislation at the federal level. This inaction by the United States could negatively impact global cooperation with the EU and China and innovation within the United States. The United States is currently the …

Women, International Human Rights Law, And The Right To Adequate Housing In Africa, John Mukum Mbaku

Emory International Law Review

In many African countries, the rights of women and girls to adequate housing are under threat and remain vulnerable to violation by state- and non-state actors. This is so even though these rights are guaranteed by international human rights instruments and national constitutions. Of particular note is the existence of customary laws that discriminate against women and frustrate their ability to realize the right to adequate housing. To enhance the ability of women to realize their right to adequate housing, each African State must domesticate the various international and regional human rights instruments that guarantee this right in order to …

Artificial Intelligence In Government: Risks And Challenges Of Algorithmic Governance In The Administrative State, Jose Vida Fernandez

Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies

This article analyzes the legal implications of using artificial intelligence in government and how it is challenging the foundations of the administrative state. It begins by demonstrating that a new model of government is emerging, based on information and intelligence (i-Gov). To understand the nature and scope of this new i-Gov model, this article will explain what artificial intelligence really is and analyze the applications that are currently being carried out in the US and the EU. Next, it will review the regulatory framework that is emerging that regulates government use of artificial intelligence in both the US and the …

On An American Strategy To Forge Global Space Law To Curtail Orbital Debris In The New Space Age, Michael B. Runnels

South Carolina Journal of International Law and Business

No abstract provided.

The War In Ukraine: A Case Study In Modern Atrocity Crimes Documentation, Dr. Paul R. Williams, Nicole Carle

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Peaceful World Leadership Or Nationalist Advocate? How China Uses Social Media To Project Its Stance On Russia's Invasion Of Ukraine, Hannah Bailey

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Fair And Just Decolonial Solutions: Application Of The Washington Principles To The Context Of Disputed Colonial Objects, Emma H. Peters

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Blockchain And The Right To Good Administration: Adding Blocks To Or Blocking Of The Globalization Of Good Administration?, Migle Laukyte

Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies

In this article, the author addresses the complex and multifaceted relationship between the right to good administration enshrined in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and the uses of blockchain technology by the public administration, which is in charge of making the right to good administration real. The opportunities and threats come hand in hand, and there is an urgent need to push forward a public debate on the uses and misuses of blockchain to guarantee public services, so much so that many aspects of blockchain are not compatible with citizens’ expectations in relation to the public …

Generative Ai And Chatgpt: Applications, Challenges, And Ai-Human Collaboration, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Ruilin Zheng, Jingyuan Cai, Keng Siau, Langtao Chen

Business and Information Technology Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Novel Compact Magnetless Isolator Based On A Magneto-Optical Garnet Material, Gianni Portela, Miguel Levy, Hugo E. Hernandez-Figueroa

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

A compact magnetless isolator for optical communication systems based on a ring resonator with an outer layer made of silicon and an inner layer made of a magneto-optical material that does not require an external magnet to keep its magnetization saturated is suggested. Three-dimensional computational simulations of the device performed with the full-wave electromagnetic solver COMSOL Multiphysics show that the insertion loss and isolation levels are about −1.9 dB and −23 dB, respectively, thus confirming the feasibility of the isolator. An analytical model of the device based on the temporal coupled-mode theory method has been formulated and there is a …

La Responsabilidad Internacional De Los Estados Por Violaciones A Los Derechos Humanos Como Consecuencia Del Cambio Climatico: El Rol Del Sistema Interamericano De Proteccion De Derechos Humanos, Jose Daniel Rodriguez Orue

American University International Law Review

El fenómeno del cambio climático es una de las mayores amenazas para la garantía y protección de los derechos humanos a nivel global. Las consecuencias adversas del cambio climático, tales como incremento en el nivel del mar, el aumento de eventos meteorológicos extremos, la perdida de biodiversidad y las sequías, son susceptibles de ocasionar varias violaciones a los derechos humanos en las Américas. Estas violaciones a los derechos humanos se manifiestan con mayor intensidad en determinados grupos poblacionales que se encuentran expuestos de forma desproporcionada a la degradación medioambiental debido a su vinculación especial con los recursos naturales, pero también, …

When The Race To Net Zero Becomes A Race To The Bottom: Human Rights Violations In The Renewable Energy Transition And The Extraterritorial Obligation To Protect Human Rights, Yogi Bratajaya

American University International Law Review

Recent reports published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have shed light on and confirmed the extent of damages that will result if the world fails to keep global warming below 2°C. Irreversible adverse impacts on our ecosystems and the increasing frequency and intensity of natural disasters will have a significant negative effect on the enjoyment of human rights worldwide. Climate change is already affecting food security through increasing temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and greater frequency of some extreme events. Additionally, the deteriorating conditions caused by climate change will cause millions of people to leave their homes and …

Conceptualizing A "Right To Research" And Its Implications For Copyright Law: An International And European Perspective, Christophe Geiger, Bernd Justin Jutte

American University International Law Review

Copyright, at international, European, and national levels, does not provide a legal framework that prioritizes enabling and incentivizing research using protected works and information to the extent necessary and desirable in a digital, data-driven society in order to build a sustainable ecosystem for innovation and creativity. While small progress has been made, for example with the recent introduction of specific exceptions for research purposes and for text and data mining in certain national legislations as well as in the European Union law, a horizontal approach towards a more research-friendly copyright ecosystem has so far failed to evolve. By revisiting international …

International Law And The Taliban's Legal Status: Emerging Recognition Criteria?, Haroun Rahimi, Mahir Hazim

Washington International Law Journal

After the American-mediated attempts at facilitating a negotiated transition failed in Doha, on August 15, 2021, the Taliban retook the Afghan capital and soon after re- established the “Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan” (2021-) along with a caretaker government. The forceful return of the Taliban to power in Afghanistan poses difficult questions of international law. Chief among these questions is who has the right to represent the Afghan state internationally after August 15, 2021. Applying the rules of public international to the case of the Taliban’s caretaker government, this article argues that the strongest argument for disqualifying the Taliban as a …

The Constitutional Imagination Of The Mujahidin: A History And Translation Of Two Constitutions Proposed By Afghan Islamist Militias In The 1990s, Shamshad Pasarlay, Clark Lombardi

Washington International Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Optimizing Stochastic Task Migration In Vehicular Edge Computing, Ankur Nahar, Debasis Das, Sajal K. Das

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The performance of vehicular edge computing (VEC) depends on the effective optimization of task offloading. However, uneven distribution of vehicular traffic, rapidly changing network conditions, and stochastic nature of vehicular networks motivate us to innovate approaches to efficient resource management while maintaining system's stability. to address these challenges, we propose a novel queue length-Based stochastic task migration strategy that leverages model predictive control (MPC) and Lyapunov optimization techniques. Our approach employs the queue length at the edge node as the criterion for offloading decisions. the MPC controller dynamically allocates the processing power and bandwidth resources to vehicles based on their …

Rewilding Stories: Tales For Biodiversity Conservation, Fozia Parveen

Books

Rewilding Stories: Tales for Biodiversity Conservation is a collection of fictional narratives developed by students of the Biodiversity Conservation and Adaptation course at Aga Khan University Institute for Educational Development (AKU-IED). The book employs storytelling as an innovative educational tool to raise awareness about biodiversity conservation, environmental degradation, climate change, and human-wildlife relationships. Through diverse characters including vultures, snow leopards, river dolphins, migratory birds, ants, giraffes, markhors, owls, and other wildlife species, the stories illustrate the ecological importance of different organisms and the consequences of habitat destruction, pollution, overhunting, climate change, and unsustainable human activities.Set across various ecosystems in Pakistan …

Blockchain-Enabled Authenticated Key Agreement Scheme For Mobile Vehicles-Assisted Precision Agricultural Iot Networks, Anusha Vangala, Ashok Kumar Das, Ankush Mitra, Sajal K. Das, Youngho Park

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Precision Farming Has a Positive Potential in the Agricultural Industry Regarding Water Conservation, Increased Productivity, Better Development of Rural Areas, and Increased Income. Blockchain Technology is a Better Alternative for Storing and Sharing Farm Data as It is Reliable, Transparent, Immutable, and Decentralized. Remote Monitoring of an Agricultural Field Requires Security Systems to Ensure that Any Sensitive Information is Exchanged Only among Authenticated Entities in the Network. to This End, We Design an Efficient Blockchain-Enabled Authenticated Key Agreement Scheme for Mobile Vehicles-Assisted Precision Agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) Networks Called AgroMobiBlock. the Limited Existing Work on Authentication in Agricultural Networks …

Deep Meta Q-Learning Based Multi-Task Offloading In Edge-Cloud Systems, Nelson Sharma, Aswini Ghosh, Rajiv Misra, Sajal K. Das

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Resource-Constrained Edge Devices Can Not Efficiently Handle the Explosive Growth of Mobile Data and the Increasing Computational Demand of Modern-Day User Applications. Task Offloading Allows the Migration of Complex Tasks from User Devices to the Remote Edge-Cloud Servers Thereby Reducing their Computational Burden and Energy Consumption While Also Improving the Efficiency of Task Processing. However, Obtaining the Optimal Offloading Strategy in a Multi-Task Offloading Decision-Making Process is an NP-Hard Problem. Existing Deep Learning Techniques with Slow Learning Rates and Weak Adaptability Are Not Suitable for Dynamic Multi-User Scenarios. in This Article, We Propose a Novel Deep Meta-Reinforcement Learning-Based Approach to …

Lasa: Location-Aware Scheduling Algorithm In Industrial Iot Networks With Mobile Nodes, Marco Pettorali, Francesca Righetti, Carlo Vallati, Sajal K. Das, Giuseppe Anastasi

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Synchronized Single-hop Multiple Gateway (SHMG) is a framework recently proposed to support mobility into 6TiSCH, the standard network architecture defined for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) deployments. SHMG supports industrial applications with stringent requirements by adopting the Shared-Downstream Dedicated-Upstream (SD-DU) scheduling policy, which allocates to Mobile Nodes (MNs) a set of dedicated transmission opportunities for uplink data. Such allocation is performed on all the Border Routers (BRs) of the network without considering the location of MNs. Transmission opportunities are reserved also in BRs far from the current location of the MN, resulting in a waste of resources that limits …