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2022

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Implementation Of An E-Learning Course In Physical Activity And Sedentary Behavior For Pre- And In-Service Early Childhood Educators: Evaluation Of The Teach Pilot Study, Brianne A. Bruijns, Leigh M. Vanderloo, Andrew M. Johnson, Kristi B. Adamo, Shauna M. Burke, Valerie Carson, Rachel Heydon, Jennifer D. Irwin, Patti Jean Naylor, Brian W. Timmons, Patricia Tucker Dec 2022

Implementation Of An E-Learning Course In Physical Activity And Sedentary Behavior For Pre- And In-Service Early Childhood Educators: Evaluation Of The Teach Pilot Study, Brianne A. Bruijns, Leigh M. Vanderloo, Andrew M. Johnson, Kristi B. Adamo, Shauna M. Burke, Valerie Carson, Rachel Heydon, Jennifer D. Irwin, Patti Jean Naylor, Brian W. Timmons, Patricia Tucker

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Childcare-based physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) interventions have traditionally used in-person training to supplement early childhood educators’ (ECEs) knowledge and confidence to facilitate physically active programming for the children in their care. However, this method of delivery is resource-intensive and unable to reach a high number of ECEs. The purpose of the Training pre-service EArly CHildhood educators in PA (TEACH) pilot study was to test the implementation (e.g., fidelity, feasibility, acceptability) of an e-Learning course targeting PA and SB among a sample of pre-service (i.e., post-secondary students) and in-service (i.e., practicing) ECEs in Canada. Methods: A pre-/post-study …

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Change In Pre- And In-Service Early Childhood Educators’ Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, And Intentions Following An E-Learning Course In Physical Activity And Sedentary Behaviour: A Pilot Study, Brianne A. Bruijns, Leigh M. Vanderloo, Andrew M. Johnson, Kristi B. Adamo, Shauna M. Burke, Valerie Carson, Rachel Heydon, Jennifer D. Irwin, Patti Jean Naylor, Brian W. Timmons, Patricia Tucker Dec 2022

Change In Pre- And In-Service Early Childhood Educators’ Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, And Intentions Following An E-Learning Course In Physical Activity And Sedentary Behaviour: A Pilot Study, Brianne A. Bruijns, Leigh M. Vanderloo, Andrew M. Johnson, Kristi B. Adamo, Shauna M. Burke, Valerie Carson, Rachel Heydon, Jennifer D. Irwin, Patti Jean Naylor, Brian W. Timmons, Patricia Tucker

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Early childhood educators (ECEs) are the primary daytime role models for many young children, and are responsible for facilitating physical activity (PA) opportunities and minimizing sedentary behaviour (SB) in childcare. However, they have reportedly received little related education in their pre-service training. The purpose of the Training pre-service EArly CHildhood educators in physical activity (TEACH) pilot study was to explore changes in pre- and in-service ECEs’ knowledge, self-efficacy, behavioural intention, and perceived behavioural control following the TEACH e-Learning course in PA and SB. Methods: Pre-service ECEs were purposefully recruited from three Canadian colleges, while in-service ECEs were recruited via …

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Fetal Sex Impacts Birth To Placental Weight Ratio And Umbilical Cord Oxygen Values With Implications For Regulatory Mechanisms, Bryan S. Richardson, Akasham Rajagopaul, Barbra De Vrijer, Genevieve Eastabrook, Timothy R.H. Regnault Dec 2022

Fetal Sex Impacts Birth To Placental Weight Ratio And Umbilical Cord Oxygen Values With Implications For Regulatory Mechanisms, Bryan S. Richardson, Akasham Rajagopaul, Barbra De Vrijer, Genevieve Eastabrook, Timothy R.H. Regnault

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

Background: We determined the effect of fetal sex on birth/placental weight and umbilical vein and artery oxygen values with implications for placental efficiency and regulatory mechanisms underlying fetal–placental growth differences. Methods: A hospital database was used to obtain birth/placental weight, cord PO2 and other information on patients delivering between Jan 1, 1990 and Jun 15, 2011 with GA > 34 weeks (N = 69,836). Oxygen saturation was calculated from the cord PO2 and pH data, while fractional O2 extraction was calculated from the oxygen saturation data. The effect of fetal sex on birth/placental weight, cord PO2, O2 saturation, and fractional O2 …

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Extramedullary Plasmacytoma Of The Uterine Cervix Arising In An Asymptomatic 46-Year-Old Female, Nicole Wiebe, Nikhil Sangle, Jacob Mcgee Dec 2022

Extramedullary Plasmacytoma Of The Uterine Cervix Arising In An Asymptomatic 46-Year-Old Female, Nicole Wiebe, Nikhil Sangle, Jacob Mcgee

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

An extramedullary plasmacytoma is a rare type of plasma cell tumour that can be found in soft tissues throughout the body. The most common location for an extramedullary plasmacytoma is in the head and neck region. Few case reports have previously documented patients with an extramedullary plasmacytoma within the female genital tract. We report a case of a healthy and asymptomatic 46-year-old female who presented to Colposcopy Clinic with a finding of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion seen on a routine Pap smear. She was found to have a cervical polyp that was excised. Pathology revealed diffuse sheets of atypical plasma …

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Ecological Interchangeability: Supporting Team Adaptive Expertise In Moments Of Disruption, Sayra Cristancho, Emily Field, Lorelei Lingard, Taryn Taylor, Kathryn Hibbert, Graham Thompson, William Hibbert Dec 2022

Ecological Interchangeability: Supporting Team Adaptive Expertise In Moments Of Disruption, Sayra Cristancho, Emily Field, Lorelei Lingard, Taryn Taylor, Kathryn Hibbert, Graham Thompson, William Hibbert

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

While undesirable, unexpected disruptions offer unique opportunities to enact adaptive expertise. For adaptive expertise to flourish, individuals and teams must embrace both efficiency and adaptation. While some industries do it readily, others continue to struggle with the tension between efficiency and adaptation, particularly when otherwise stable situations are unexpectedly disrupted. For instance, in healthcare settings, the efficiency mandate for strict compliance with scopes of practice can deter teams from using the adaptive strategy of making their members interchangeable. Yet, interchangeability has been hinted as a key capacity of today’ teams that are required to navigate fluid team structures. Because interchangeability …

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Transforming Possible Risk Into Certain Harm: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis Of The Literature On Perinatal Cannabis Use, Rachael Pack, Grace Hilton, Facundo Garcia-Bournissen, Taryn Taylor Dec 2022

Transforming Possible Risk Into Certain Harm: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis Of The Literature On Perinatal Cannabis Use, Rachael Pack, Grace Hilton, Facundo Garcia-Bournissen, Taryn Taylor

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

Substance use in pregnancy has been a prominent public health concern for the last several decades. Since the legalization of cannabis in Canada and across several American states, cannabis use during pregnancy has gained considerable public health, scientific, and media attention. This critical interpretive synthesis explores how the problem of cannabis use in pregnancy is constructed in the scientific literature and illuminates clinical, social, and political responses this construction engenders. The state of empirical evidence regarding the impact of perinatal cannabis use is fraught; a number of studies, of variable quality, have found no associations between cannabis use and adverse …

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Expression And Localization Of Nrf2/Keap1 Signalling Pathway Genes In Mouse Preimplantation Embryos Exposed To Free Fatty Acids., Grace Dionne, Michele D. Calder, Dean H Betts, Basim Abu Rafea, Andrew J Watson Dec 2022

Expression And Localization Of Nrf2/Keap1 Signalling Pathway Genes In Mouse Preimplantation Embryos Exposed To Free Fatty Acids., Grace Dionne, Michele D. Calder, Dean H Betts, Basim Abu Rafea, Andrew J Watson

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

Obese women experience greater incidence of infertility, with reproductive tracts exposing preimplantation embryos to elevated free fatty acids (FFA) such as palmitic acid (PA) and oleic acid (OA). PA treatment impairs mouse preimplantation development in vitro, while OA co-treatment rescues blastocyst development of PA treated embryos. In the present study, we investigated the effects of PA and OA treatment on NRF2/Keap1 localization, and relative antioxidant enzyme (Glutathione peroxidase; Gpx1, Catalase; Cat, Superoxide dismutase; Sod1 and γ-Glutamylcysteine ligase catalytic unit; Gclc) mRNA levels, during in vitro mouse preimplantation embryo development. Female mice were superovulated, mated, and embryos cultured in the presence …

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Resilience Amongst Ontario Registered Practical Nurses In Long-Term Care Homes During Covid-19: A Grounded Theory Study, Denise M. Connelly, Anna Garnett, Nancy Snobelen, Nicole Guitar, Cecilia Flores-Sandoval, Samir Sinha, Jen Calver, Diana Pearson, Tracy Smith-Carrier Dec 2022

Resilience Amongst Ontario Registered Practical Nurses In Long-Term Care Homes During Covid-19: A Grounded Theory Study, Denise M. Connelly, Anna Garnett, Nancy Snobelen, Nicole Guitar, Cecilia Flores-Sandoval, Samir Sinha, Jen Calver, Diana Pearson, Tracy Smith-Carrier

Physical Therapy Publications

Aims: This study aimed to understand how the personal and professional resilience of Registered Practical Nurses working in long-term care (LTC) homes in Ontario were impacted during the Coronavirus 2019 pandemic. Background: Registered Practical Nurses are primary regulated healthcare providers that have worked in Ontario LTC homes during the COVID-19 pandemic. As frontline workers, they have experienced increased stress secondary to lockdowns, changing Ministry of Health recommendations, social isolation and limited resources. LTC homes experienced almost a third of all COVID-19-related deaths in Ontario. Understanding registered practical nurses' (RPNs) resilience in this context is vital in developing the programs and …

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"Introduction" To Varieties Of Context-Sensitivity In A Pluri-Propositionalist Reflexive Semantic Framework, Robert Stainton, Arthur Sullivan Dec 2022

"Introduction" To Varieties Of Context-Sensitivity In A Pluri-Propositionalist Reflexive Semantic Framework, Robert Stainton, Arthur Sullivan

Philosophy Publications

This brief introduction to a special issue of Disputatio succinctly summarizes John Perry’s pluri-propositionalist reflexive framework and notes some potential applications to varieties of context-sensitivity.

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Principles Of Dormancy Evident In High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer, Trevor G. Shepherd, Frederick A. Dick Dec 2022

Principles Of Dormancy Evident In High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer, Trevor G. Shepherd, Frederick A. Dick

Paediatrics Publications

In cancer, dormancy refers to a clinical state in which microscopic residual disease becomes non-proliferative and is largely refractory to chemotherapy. Dormancy was first described in breast cancer where disease can remain undetected for decades, ultimately leading to relapse and clinical presentation of the original malignancy. A long latency period can be explained by withdrawal from cell proliferation (cellular dormancy), or a balance between proliferation and cell death that retains low levels of residual disease (tumor mass dormancy). Research into cellular dormancy has revealed features that define this state. They include arrest of cell proliferation, altered cellular metabolism, and unique …

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Rethinking Walkability And Developing A Conceptual Definition Of Active Living Environments To Guide Research And Practice, Melissa Tobin, Samantha Hajna, Kassia Orychock, Nancy Ross, Megan Devries, Paul J. Villeneuve, Lawrence D. Frank, Gavin R. Mccormack, Rania Wasfi, Madeleine Steinmetz-Wood, Jason Gilliland, Gillian L. Booth, Meghan Winters, Yan Kestens, Kevin Manaugh, Daniel Rainham, Lise Gauvin, Michael J. Widener, Nazeem Muhajarine, Hui Luan, Daniel Fuller Dec 2022

Rethinking Walkability And Developing A Conceptual Definition Of Active Living Environments To Guide Research And Practice, Melissa Tobin, Samantha Hajna, Kassia Orychock, Nancy Ross, Megan Devries, Paul J. Villeneuve, Lawrence D. Frank, Gavin R. Mccormack, Rania Wasfi, Madeleine Steinmetz-Wood, Jason Gilliland, Gillian L. Booth, Meghan Winters, Yan Kestens, Kevin Manaugh, Daniel Rainham, Lise Gauvin, Michael J. Widener, Nazeem Muhajarine, Hui Luan, Daniel Fuller

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Walkability is a popular term used to describe aspects of the built and social environment that have important population-level impacts on physical activity, energy balance, and health. Although the term is widely used by researchers, practitioners, and the general public, and multiple operational definitions and walkability measurement tools exist, there are is no agreed-upon conceptual definition of walkability. Method: To address this gap, researchers from Memorial University of Newfoundland hosted “The Future of Walkability Measures Workshop” in association with researchers from the Canadian Urban Environmental Health Research Consortium (CANUE) in November 2017. During the workshop, trainees, researchers, and practitioners …

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Clinical Utility Of Combinatorial Pharmacogenomic Testing In Depression: A Canadian Patient- And Rater-Blinded, Randomized, Controlled Trial, Arun K. Tiwari, Clement C. Zai, C. Anthony Altar, Julie Anne Tanner, Paige E. Davies, Paul Traxler, James Li, Elizabeth S. Cogan, Matthew T. Kucera, Ana Gugila, Nicole Braganza, Heather Emmerson, Gwyneth Zai, Daniel J. Müller, Robert Levitan, Stefan Kloiber, Zafiris J. Daskalakis, Benicio N. Frey, James M. Bowen, Jean Eric Tarride, Richard Tytus, Ranjith Chandrasena, Nicholas Voudouris, Valerie H. Taylor, Raymond Tempier, Verinder Sharma Dec 2022

Clinical Utility Of Combinatorial Pharmacogenomic Testing In Depression: A Canadian Patient- And Rater-Blinded, Randomized, Controlled Trial, Arun K. Tiwari, Clement C. Zai, C. Anthony Altar, Julie Anne Tanner, Paige E. Davies, Paul Traxler, James Li, Elizabeth S. Cogan, Matthew T. Kucera, Ana Gugila, Nicole Braganza, Heather Emmerson, Gwyneth Zai, Daniel J. Müller, Robert Levitan, Stefan Kloiber, Zafiris J. Daskalakis, Benicio N. Frey, James M. Bowen, Jean Eric Tarride, Richard Tytus, Ranjith Chandrasena, Nicholas Voudouris, Valerie H. Taylor, Raymond Tempier, Verinder Sharma

Paediatrics Publications

The pharmacological treatment of depression consists of stages of trial and error, with less than 40% of patients achieving remission during first medication trial. However, in a large, randomized-controlled trial (RCT) in the U.S. (“GUIDED”), significant improvements in response and remission rates were observed in patients who received treatment guided by combinatorial pharmacogenomic testing, compared to treatment-as-usual (TAU). Here we present results from the Canadian “GAPP-MDD” RCT. This 52-week, 3-arm, multi-center, participant- and rater-blinded RCT evaluated clinical outcomes among patients with depression whose treatment was guided by combinatorial pharmacogenomic testing compared to TAU. The primary outcome was symptom improvement (change …

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Genetic Evidence Supports The Development Of Slc26a9 Targeting Therapies For The Treatment Of Lung Disease, Jiafen Gong, Gengming He, Cheng Wang, Claire Bartlett, Naim Panjwani, Scott Mastromatteo, Fan Lin, Katherine Keenan, Julie Avolio, Anat Halevy, Michelle Shaw, Mohsen Esmaeili, Guillaume Côté-Maurais, Damien Adam, Stéphanie Bégin, Candice Bjornson, Mark Chilvers, Joe Reisman, April Price, Michael Parkins, Richard Van Wylick, Yves Berthiaume, Lara Bilodeau, Dimas Mateos-Corral, Daniel Hughes, Mary J. Smith Dec 2022

Genetic Evidence Supports The Development Of Slc26a9 Targeting Therapies For The Treatment Of Lung Disease, Jiafen Gong, Gengming He, Cheng Wang, Claire Bartlett, Naim Panjwani, Scott Mastromatteo, Fan Lin, Katherine Keenan, Julie Avolio, Anat Halevy, Michelle Shaw, Mohsen Esmaeili, Guillaume Côté-Maurais, Damien Adam, Stéphanie Bégin, Candice Bjornson, Mark Chilvers, Joe Reisman, April Price, Michael Parkins, Richard Van Wylick, Yves Berthiaume, Lara Bilodeau, Dimas Mateos-Corral, Daniel Hughes, Mary J. Smith

Paediatrics Publications

Over 400 variants in the cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) are CF-causing. CFTR modulators target variants to improve lung function, but marked variability in response exists and current therapies do not address all CF-causing variants highlighting unmet needs. Alternative epithelial ion channel/transporters such as SLC26A9 could compensate for CFTR dysfunction, providing therapeutic targets that may benefit all individuals with CF. We investigate the relationship between rs7512462, a marker of SLC26A9 activity, and lung function pre- and post-treatment with CFTR modulators in Canadian and US CF cohorts, in the general population, and in those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease …

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High Oncostatin M Predicts Lack Of Clinical Remission For Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease On Tumor Necrosis Factor Α Antagonists, Angela Guo, Cameron Ross, Nilesh Chande, Jamie Gregor, Terry Ponich, Reena Khanna, Michael Sey, Melanie Beaton Dec 2022

High Oncostatin M Predicts Lack Of Clinical Remission For Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease On Tumor Necrosis Factor Α Antagonists, Angela Guo, Cameron Ross, Nilesh Chande, Jamie Gregor, Terry Ponich, Reena Khanna, Michael Sey, Melanie Beaton

Paediatrics Publications

The interleukin-6 family cytokine, oncostatin-M (OSM) has been associated with response to tumor necrosis factor-α antagonists (anti-TNFs) in small cohorts of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to evaluate the association between plasma OSM concentrations and response to anti-TNFs (infliximab and adalimumab) in both ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). A retrospective cohort study was conducted in patients with IBD with a history of anti-TNF exposure. Blood samples, collected prior to anti-TNF exposure, were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the presence and quantity of OSM. Clinical remission was assessed at 1-year post anti-TNF exposure in addition …

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Loss Of Lkb1-Nuak1 Signalling Enhances Nf-Κb Activity In A Spheroid Model Of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer, Adrian Buensuceso, Jamie Lee Fritz, Olga Collins, Yudith Ramos Valdés, Matthew J. Borrelli, Gabriel E. Dimattia, Trevor G. Shepherd Dec 2022

Loss Of Lkb1-Nuak1 Signalling Enhances Nf-Κb Activity In A Spheroid Model Of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer, Adrian Buensuceso, Jamie Lee Fritz, Olga Collins, Yudith Ramos Valdés, Matthew J. Borrelli, Gabriel E. Dimattia, Trevor G. Shepherd

Paediatrics Publications

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is an aggressive malignancy often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Although most HGSOC patients respond initially to debulking surgery combined with cytotoxic chemotherapy, many ultimately relapse with platinum-resistant disease. Thus, improving outcomes requires new ways of limiting metastasis and eradicating residual disease. We identified previously that Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) and its substrate NUAK1 are implicated in EOC spheroid cell viability and are required for efficient metastasis in orthotopic mouse models. Here, we sought to identify additional signalling pathways altered in EOC cells due to LKB1 or NUAK1 loss-of-function. Transcriptome analysis revealed that inflammatory signalling …

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Oncogenic Gene Expression And Epigenetic Remodeling Of Cis-Regulatory Elements In Asxl1-Mutant Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia, Moritz Binder, Ryan M. Carr, Terra L. Lasho, Christy M. Finke, Abhishek A. Mangaonkar, Christopher L. Pin, Kurt R. Berger, Amelia Mazzone, Sandeep Potluri, Tamas Ordog, Keith D. Robertson, David L. Marks, Martin E. Fernandez-Zapico, Alexandre Gaspar-Maia, Mrinal M. Patnaik Dec 2022

Oncogenic Gene Expression And Epigenetic Remodeling Of Cis-Regulatory Elements In Asxl1-Mutant Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia, Moritz Binder, Ryan M. Carr, Terra L. Lasho, Christy M. Finke, Abhishek A. Mangaonkar, Christopher L. Pin, Kurt R. Berger, Amelia Mazzone, Sandeep Potluri, Tamas Ordog, Keith D. Robertson, David L. Marks, Martin E. Fernandez-Zapico, Alexandre Gaspar-Maia, Mrinal M. Patnaik

Paediatrics Publications

Myeloid neoplasms are clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders driven by the sequential acquisition of recurrent genetic lesions. Truncating mutations in the chromatin remodeler ASXL1 (ASXL1MT) are associated with a high-risk disease phenotype with increased proliferation, epigenetic therapeutic resistance, and poor survival outcomes. We performed a multi-omics interrogation to define gene expression and chromatin remodeling associated with ASXL1MT in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). ASXL1MT are associated with a loss of repressive histone methylation and increase in permissive histone methylation and acetylation in promoter regions. ASXL1MT are further associated with de novo accessibility of distal enhancers binding ETS transcription factors, targeting important …

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Surgical Interventions In Velopharyngeal Dysfunction: Comparative Perceptual Speech And Nasometric Outcomes For Three Techniques, Ryan Instrum, Agnieszka Dzioba, Anne Dworschak-Stokan, Murad Husein Dec 2022

Surgical Interventions In Velopharyngeal Dysfunction: Comparative Perceptual Speech And Nasometric Outcomes For Three Techniques, Ryan Instrum, Agnieszka Dzioba, Anne Dworschak-Stokan, Murad Husein

Paediatrics Publications

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate speech outcomes following surgical intervention for velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD). Perceptual speech outcome data were subsequently analyzed in conjunction with patient factors such as congenital abnormalities, presence of cleft lip and/or palate, and age of repair. We hope to aid in the eventual creation of treatment algorithms for VPD, allowing practitioners to tailor surgical technique selection to patient factors. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for all patients who underwent surgical correction of VPD at London Health Sciences Centre between the years 2005 and 2018. Two hundred and two consecutive VPD patients …

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The ‘New Normal’ Includes Online Prenatal Exercise: Exploring Pregnant Women’S Experiences During The Pandemic And The Role Of Virtual Group Fitness On Maternal Mental Health, Cristina Silva-Jose, Taniya S. Nagpal, Javier Coterón, Ruben Barakat, Michelle F. Mottola Dec 2022

The ‘New Normal’ Includes Online Prenatal Exercise: Exploring Pregnant Women’S Experiences During The Pandemic And The Role Of Virtual Group Fitness On Maternal Mental Health, Cristina Silva-Jose, Taniya S. Nagpal, Javier Coterón, Ruben Barakat, Michelle F. Mottola

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Prenatal anxiety and depressive symptoms have significantly increased since the onset of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic In addition, home confinement regulations have caused a drastic increase in time spent sedentary. Online group fitness classes may be an effective strategy that can increase maternal physical activity levels and improve mental health outcomes by providing an opportunity for social connectedness. The present study explores the experiences of pregnant women who participated in an online group exercise program during the pandemic and identifies relationships with maternal mental health and well-being. In addition, we present person-informed recommendations on how to improve the delivery …

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Deciphering The Role Of Spl12 And Agl6 From A Genetic Module That Functions In Nodulation And Root Regeneration In Medicago Sativa., Vida Nasrollahi, Ze-Chun Yuan, Qing Shi Mimmie Lu, Tim Mcdowell, Susanne Kohalmi, Abdelali Hannoufa Dec 2022

Deciphering The Role Of Spl12 And Agl6 From A Genetic Module That Functions In Nodulation And Root Regeneration In Medicago Sativa., Vida Nasrollahi, Ze-Chun Yuan, Qing Shi Mimmie Lu, Tim Mcdowell, Susanne Kohalmi, Abdelali Hannoufa

Biology Publications

Our results show that SPL12 plays a crucial role in regulating nodule development in Medicago sativa L. (alfalfa), and that AGL6 is targeted and downregulated by SPL12. Root architecture in plants is critical because of its role in controlling nutrient cycling, water use efficiency and response to biotic and abiotic stress factors. The small RNA, microRNA156 (miR156), is highly conserved in plants, where it functions by silencing a group of SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) transcription factors. We previously showed that transgenic Medicago sativa (alfalfa) plants overexpressing miR156 display increased nodulation, improved nitrogen fixation and enhanced root regenerative capacity during vegetative …

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Employees’ Response To Corporate Greenwashing, Jennifer Robertson, Wren A. Montgomery, Timur Ozbilir Dec 2022

Employees’ Response To Corporate Greenwashing, Jennifer Robertson, Wren A. Montgomery, Timur Ozbilir

Management and Organizational Studies Publications

Research on corporate greenwashing has expanded rapidly in recent years. At the same time, emerging studies in related literatures have found that employees are seeking out firms that are social and environmental leaders, and employee activism within firms is growing. However, the effect of firms’ exaggeration and misrepresentation of environmental claims, or greenwashing, on their own employees has been overlooked. Accordingly, we investigate greenwashing from an organizational psychology lens, exploring the impact it can have on employees, and whether these effects differ for different types of employees. Using data collected at three separate time points from a sample of employees …

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Spectroscopy Detects Skeletal Muscle Microvascular Dysfunction During Onset Of Sepsis In A Rat Fecal Peritonitis Model, Paulina M. Kowalewska, Justin E. Piazza, Stephanie L. Milkovich, Richard J. Sové, Lin Wang, Shawn N. Whitehead, Christopher G. Ellis Dec 2022

Spectroscopy Detects Skeletal Muscle Microvascular Dysfunction During Onset Of Sepsis In A Rat Fecal Peritonitis Model, Paulina M. Kowalewska, Justin E. Piazza, Stephanie L. Milkovich, Richard J. Sové, Lin Wang, Shawn N. Whitehead, Christopher G. Ellis

Neuroscience Institute Publications

Sepsis is a dysregulated host inflammatory response to infection potentially leading to life-threatening organ dysfunction. The objectives of this study were to determine whether early microvascular dysfunction (MVD) in skeletal muscle can be detected as dynamic changes in microvascular hemoglobin (MVHb) levels using spectroscopy and whether MVD precedes organ histopathology in septic peritonitis. Skeletal muscle of male Sprague–Dawley rats was prepared for intravital microscopy. After intraperitoneal injection of fecal slurry or saline, microscopy and spectroscopy recordings were taken for 6 h. Capillary red blood cell (RBC) dynamics and SO2 were quantified from digitized microscopy frames and MVHb levels were derived …

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Psychometric Properties Of The Farsi Version Of The Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory (F-Epsi) Among Iranian University Men And Women, Reza N. Sahlan, Kerstin K. Blomquist, Lindsay P. Bodell Dec 2022

Psychometric Properties Of The Farsi Version Of The Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory (F-Epsi) Among Iranian University Men And Women, Reza N. Sahlan, Kerstin K. Blomquist, Lindsay P. Bodell

Neuroscience Institute Publications

Background: Limited research has validated eating pathology assessments in Iranian men and women. The purpose of the current study was to translate and validate a Farsi version of the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory (F-EPSI) in Iranian university students. Methods: Men (n = 279) and women (n = 486) completed questionnaires including the F-EPSI. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that the F-EPSI had an acceptable fit to the data and supported the eight-factor model. The scale was partially invariant across genders. Men reported higher scores on Excessive Exercise and Muscle Building subscales, and women reported higher scores on Body Dissatisfaction …

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Quantifying The Amount Of Physical Rehabilitation Received By Individuals Living With Neurological Conditions In The Community: A Scoping Review, Tyler M. Saumur, Sarah Gregor, Yijun Xiong, Janelle Unger Dec 2022

Quantifying The Amount Of Physical Rehabilitation Received By Individuals Living With Neurological Conditions In The Community: A Scoping Review, Tyler M. Saumur, Sarah Gregor, Yijun Xiong, Janelle Unger

Neuroscience Institute Publications

Background: Physical rehabilitation is often prescribed immediately following a neurological event or a neurological diagnosis. However, many individuals require physical rehabilitation after hospital discharge. The purpose of this scoping review was to determine the amount of physical rehabilitation that individuals living in the community with neurological conditions receive to understand current global practices and assess gaps in research and service use. Methods: This scoping review included observational studies that 1) involved adults living with a neurological condition, and 2) quantified the amount of rehabilitation being received in the community or outpatient hospital setting. Only literature published in English was considered. …

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Microstructural Imaging And Transcriptomics Of The Basal Forebrain In First-Episode Psychosis, Min Tae M. Park, Peter Jeon, Leon French, Kara Dempster, M. Mallar Chakravarty, Michael Mackinley, Julie Richard, Ali R. Khan, Jean Théberge, Lena Palaniyappan Dec 2022

Microstructural Imaging And Transcriptomics Of The Basal Forebrain In First-Episode Psychosis, Min Tae M. Park, Peter Jeon, Leon French, Kara Dempster, M. Mallar Chakravarty, Michael Mackinley, Julie Richard, Ali R. Khan, Jean Théberge, Lena Palaniyappan

Neuroscience Institute Publications

Cholinergic dysfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of psychosis and psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, and bipolar disorder. The basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic nuclei, defined as cholinergic cell groups Ch1-3 and Ch4 (Nucleus Basalis of Meynert; NBM), provide extensive cholinergic projections to the rest of the brain. Here, we examined microstructural neuroimaging measures of the cholinergic nuclei in patients with untreated psychosis (~31 weeks of psychosis, <2 defined daily dose of antipsychotics) and used magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and transcriptomic data to support our findings. We used a cytoarchitectonic atlas of the BF to map the nuclei and obtained measures of myelin (quantitative T1, or qT1 as myelin surrogate) and microstructure (axial diffusion; AxD). In a clinical sample (n = 85; 29 healthy controls, 56 first-episode psychosis), we found significant correlations between qT1 of Ch1-3, left NBM and MRS-based dorsal anterior cingulate choline in healthy controls while this relationship was disrupted in FEP (p > 0.05). Case-control differences in qT1 and AxD were observed in the Ch1-3, with increased qT1 (reflecting reduced myelin content) and AxD (reflecting reduced axonal integrity). We found clinical correlates between left NBM …

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Progression Of Atherosclerosis With Carnitine Supplementation: A Randomized Controlled Trial In The Metabolic Syndrome, Amer M. Johri, Marie France Hétu, Daren K. Heyland, Julia E. Herr, Jennifer Korol, Shawna Froese, Patrick A. Norman, Andrew G. Day, Murray F. Matangi, Erin D. Michos, Stephen A. Lahaye, Fraser W. Saunders, J. David Spence Dec 2022

Progression Of Atherosclerosis With Carnitine Supplementation: A Randomized Controlled Trial In The Metabolic Syndrome, Amer M. Johri, Marie France Hétu, Daren K. Heyland, Julia E. Herr, Jennifer Korol, Shawna Froese, Patrick A. Norman, Andrew G. Day, Murray F. Matangi, Erin D. Michos, Stephen A. Lahaye, Fraser W. Saunders, J. David Spence

Neuroscience Institute Publications

Background: L-carnitine (L-C), a ubiquitous nutritional supplement, has been investigated as a potential therapy for cardiovascular disease, but its effects on human atherosclerosis are unknown. Clinical studies suggest improvement of some cardiovascular risk factors, whereas others show increased plasma levels of pro-atherogenic trimethylamine N-oxide. The primary aim was to determine whether L-C therapy led to progression or regression of carotid total plaque volume (TPV) in participants with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: This was a phase 2, prospective, double blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, two-center trial. MetS was defined as ≥ 3/5 cardiac risk factors: elevated waist circumference; elevated triglycerides; reduced HDL-cholesterol; elevated …

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Dynamic Targeting Enables Domain-General Inhibitory Control Over Action And Thought By The Prefrontal Cortex, Dace Apšvalka, Catarina S. Ferreira, Taylor W. Schmitz, James B. Rowe, Michael C. Anderson Dec 2022

Dynamic Targeting Enables Domain-General Inhibitory Control Over Action And Thought By The Prefrontal Cortex, Dace Apšvalka, Catarina S. Ferreira, Taylor W. Schmitz, James B. Rowe, Michael C. Anderson

Neuroscience Institute Publications

Over the last two decades, inhibitory control has featured prominently in accounts of how humans and other organisms regulate their behaviour and thought. Previous work on how the brain stops actions and thoughts, however, has emphasised distinct prefrontal regions supporting these functions, suggesting domain-specific mechanisms. Here we show that stopping actions and thoughts recruits common regions in the right dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex to suppress diverse content, via dynamic targeting. Within each region, classifiers trained to distinguish action-stopping from action-execution also identify when people are suppressing their thoughts (and vice versa). Effective connectivity analysis reveals that both prefrontal regions …

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Development And Measurement Properties Of The Axel (Attitude Toward Education And Advice For Low-Back-Pain) Questionnaire, Edel T. O’Hagan, Ian W. Skinner, Matthew D. Jones, Emma L. Karran, Adrian C. Traeger, Aidan G. Cashin, Benedict M. Wand, Siobhan M. Schabrun, Sean O’Neill, Ian A. Harris, James H. Mcauley Dec 2022

Development And Measurement Properties Of The Axel (Attitude Toward Education And Advice For Low-Back-Pain) Questionnaire, Edel T. O’Hagan, Ian W. Skinner, Matthew D. Jones, Emma L. Karran, Adrian C. Traeger, Aidan G. Cashin, Benedict M. Wand, Siobhan M. Schabrun, Sean O’Neill, Ian A. Harris, James H. Mcauley

Neuroscience Institute Publications

Introduction: Clinician time and resources may be underutilised if the treatment they offer does not match patient expectations and attitudes. We developed a questionnaire (AxEL-Q) to guide clinicians toward elements of first-line care that are pertinent to their patients with low back pain. Methods: We used guidance from the COSMIN consortium to develop the questionnaire and evaluated it in a sample of people with low back pain of any duration. Participants were recruited from the community, were over 18 years and fluent in English. Statements that represented first-line care were identified. Semantic scales were used to measure attitude towards these …

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The Trend Of Disruption In The Functional Brain Network Topology Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Alireza Fathian, Yousef Jamali, Mohammad Reza Raoufy, Michael W. Weiner, Norbert Schuf, Howard J. Rosen, Bruce L. Miller, Thomas Neylan, Jacqueline Hayes, Shannon Finley, Paul Aisen, Zaven Khachaturian, Ronald G. Thomas, Michael Donohue, Sarah Walter, Devon Gessert, Tamie Sather, Gus Jiminez, Leon Thal, James Brewer, Helen Vanderswag, Adam Fleisher, Melissa Davis, Rosemary Morrison, Ronald Petersen, Cliford R. Jack, Matthew Bernstein, Bret Borowski, Jef Gunter, Matt Senjem Dec 2022

The Trend Of Disruption In The Functional Brain Network Topology Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Alireza Fathian, Yousef Jamali, Mohammad Reza Raoufy, Michael W. Weiner, Norbert Schuf, Howard J. Rosen, Bruce L. Miller, Thomas Neylan, Jacqueline Hayes, Shannon Finley, Paul Aisen, Zaven Khachaturian, Ronald G. Thomas, Michael Donohue, Sarah Walter, Devon Gessert, Tamie Sather, Gus Jiminez, Leon Thal, James Brewer, Helen Vanderswag, Adam Fleisher, Melissa Davis, Rosemary Morrison, Ronald Petersen, Cliford R. Jack, Matthew Bernstein, Bret Borowski, Jef Gunter, Matt Senjem

Neuroscience Institute Publications

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive disorder associated with cognitive dysfunction that alters the brain’s functional connectivity. Assessing these alterations has become a topic of increasing interest. However, a few studies have examined different stages of AD from a complex network perspective that cover different topological scales. This study used resting state fMRI data to analyze the trend of functional connectivity alterations from a cognitively normal (CN) state through early and late mild cognitive impairment (EMCI and LMCI) and to Alzheimer’s disease. The analyses had been done at the local (hubs and activated links and areas), meso (clustering, assortativity, and …

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Author Correction: Fam222a Encodes A Protein Which Accumulates In Plaques In Alzheimer’S Disease (Nature Communications, (2020), 11, 1, (411), 10.1038/S41467-019-13962-0), Tingxiang Yan, Jingjing Liang, Ju Gao, Luwen Wang, Hisashi Fujioka, Michael W. Weiner, Norbert Schuff, Howard J. Rosen, Bruce L. Miller, David Perry, Paul Aisen, Arthur W. Toga, Gustavo Jimenez, Michael Donohue, Devon Gessert, Kelly Harless, Jennifer Salazar, Yuliana Cabrera, Sarah Walter, Lindsey Hergesheimer, Arthur W. Toga, Karen Crawford, Scott Neu, Lon S. Schneider, Sonia Pawluczyk, Mauricio Becerra, Liberty Teodoro, Bryan M. Spann, Paul Aisen, Ronald Petersen, Elizabeth Finger Dec 2022

Author Correction: Fam222a Encodes A Protein Which Accumulates In Plaques In Alzheimer’S Disease (Nature Communications, (2020), 11, 1, (411), 10.1038/S41467-019-13962-0), Tingxiang Yan, Jingjing Liang, Ju Gao, Luwen Wang, Hisashi Fujioka, Michael W. Weiner, Norbert Schuff, Howard J. Rosen, Bruce L. Miller, David Perry, Paul Aisen, Arthur W. Toga, Gustavo Jimenez, Michael Donohue, Devon Gessert, Kelly Harless, Jennifer Salazar, Yuliana Cabrera, Sarah Walter, Lindsey Hergesheimer, Arthur W. Toga, Karen Crawford, Scott Neu, Lon S. Schneider, Sonia Pawluczyk, Mauricio Becerra, Liberty Teodoro, Bryan M. Spann, Paul Aisen, Ronald Petersen, Elizabeth Finger

Neuroscience Institute Publications

In the original version of the manuscript, the image shown in Figure 4g, bottom row (Aβ1–42 + rAggregatin), under “6h” was incorrect. This image incorrectly showed the same sample as shown in the original Figure 4g, top row (Aβ1–42), under “0.5h”. The correct version of figure 4g is as follows: (Figure presented.) which replaces the previous incorrect version: (Figure presented.).

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Dissociation Of Tau Pathology And Neuronal Hypometabolism Within The Atn Framework Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Michael Tran Duong, Sandhitsu R. Das, Xueying Lyu, Long Xie, Hayley Richardson, Sharon X. Xie, Paul A. Yushkevich, Michael Weiner, Paul Aisen, Ronald Petersen, Clifford R. Jack, William Jagust, John Q. Trojanowki, Arthur W. Toga, Laurel Beckett, Robert C. Green, Andrew J. Saykin, John C. Morris, Leslie M. Shaw, Enchi Liu, Tom Montine, Ronald G. Thomas, Michael Donohue, Sarah Walter, Devon Gessert, Tamie Sather, Gustavo Jimenez-Maggiora, Danielle Harvey, Matthew Bernstein, Nick Fox Dec 2022

Dissociation Of Tau Pathology And Neuronal Hypometabolism Within The Atn Framework Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Michael Tran Duong, Sandhitsu R. Das, Xueying Lyu, Long Xie, Hayley Richardson, Sharon X. Xie, Paul A. Yushkevich, Michael Weiner, Paul Aisen, Ronald Petersen, Clifford R. Jack, William Jagust, John Q. Trojanowki, Arthur W. Toga, Laurel Beckett, Robert C. Green, Andrew J. Saykin, John C. Morris, Leslie M. Shaw, Enchi Liu, Tom Montine, Ronald G. Thomas, Michael Donohue, Sarah Walter, Devon Gessert, Tamie Sather, Gustavo Jimenez-Maggiora, Danielle Harvey, Matthew Bernstein, Nick Fox

Neuroscience Institute Publications

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is defined by amyloid (A) and tau (T) pathologies, with T better correlated to neurodegeneration (N). However, T and N have complex regional relationships in part related to non-AD factors that influence N. With machine learning, we assessed heterogeneity in 18F-flortaucipir vs. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography as markers of T and neuronal hypometabolism (NM) in 289 symptomatic patients from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. We identified six T/NM clusters with differing limbic and cortical patterns. The canonical group was defined as the T/NM pattern with lowest regression residuals. Groups resilient to T had less hypometabolism than expected …

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