Digital Commons Network^™

The Status Of Robotic Process Automation, Steven A. Harrast, David A. Wood

Faculty Publications

Modern information technology (IT) has greatly expanded the capability of companies to coordinate activities and process large numbers of transactions. Unfortunately, large companies often support thousands of individual applications, and the data necessary for financial reporting is scattered across these applications. As applications and data proliferate, companies must link together the applications and systems, often using spreadsheets and expending significant amounts of time in manual data entry and manipulation. This manual work is slow, expensive, and error prone and lacks useful business insights. Also, the employees who must perform these tasks are often overwhelmed and unsatisfied with the mundane work. …

Mountain Men Reveal Yellowstone: Observations Of Daniel Potts, Warren Ferris, And Osborne Russell In The 1820s And 1830s, Jay H. Buckley, Nathan Benavidez

Faculty Publications

As Yellowstone National Park celebrates its 150th anniversary as the first such park in the world, it is fascinating to rediscover the records of mountain men and and that the same features that enthrall modern visitors captivated them as well. “Sonder” is the realization that other people with whom we share the mortal coil have lived lives just as complex and wonderous as our own. Americans can no better appreciate this than when they stand in Yellowstone National Park today and marvel at the same grandeur mountain men witnessed two hundred years ago.

Psycholinguistic Profiling Of Children With Sluggish Cognitive Tempo, Kirsten M. Russell, Sean M. Redmond, Andrea C. Ash

Faculty Publications

Language disorders are frequently comorbid with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT),a second attention disorder, may potentially explain some of the links between language disorders and ADHD. In this study we examined the psycholinguistic abilities of 207 children (mean age 7;10) with and without clinically significant levels of SCT symptoms to determine the degree to which symptoms of language disorder co-occur in cases of SCT. Analyses of children’s tense-marking, nonword repetition, and sentence recall indicated that deficits in these areas were not associated with SCT. Instead, SCT appears to be more closely aligned with features of social (pragmatic) …

Representation Of Race And Ethnicity In Counseling And Counseling Psychology Journals, Jared M. Hawkins, Roy A. Bean, Timothy B. Smith, Jonathan G. Sandberg

Faculty Publications

Whereas previous literature reviews have concluded that people of color are underrepresented in psychological literature, the fields of counseling and counseling psychology have taken a clear affirmative stance with respect to human diversity. This study sought to evaluate the representation of people of color in four key journals across the 2000-2019 timespan: The Counseling Psychologist, Journal of Counseling Psychology, Journal of Counseling & Development, and Counselling Psychology Quarterly. Journal articles were coded for several variables, including focus on racial/ethnic minority (REM) groups and article content topics. Results indicated that 757 (26.3%) of the articles were coded REM-focused. Of …

Earnings Virality*, Brett Campbell, Michael S. Drake, Jacob Thornock, Brady Twedt

Faculty Publications

We examine the determinants and market consequences associated with earnings announcements going viral on social media, a phenomenon we label “earnings virality.” Using a comprehensive panel of historical Twitter data, we find that the typical earnings announcement receives relatively little social media coverage, but others go viral on social media, quickly reaching the feeds of millions of people. We find that viral earnings announcements generally have Twitter content that is more extreme in tone and contains less unique content. Further, earnings virality is positively associated with revenue surprises, investor recognition, retail investor ownership, and retail investor trading around the announcement. …

Students Coming Prepared To Class? A Review Of The Literature With A Call To Research, Melissa P. Larson, Jace Linnell

Faculty Publications

In this literature review, we show that little attention has been given to pre-class learning in a flipped classroom setting. To support learning, a flipped classroom shifts the learning of basic content from a classroom setting to a pre-class setting, thereby freeing up time within class for more active learning activities. Active learning activities support student-centered learning as peers collaborate with deep application of pre-class learning concepts. Thus, higher-order skills of critical thinking and lifelong learning, which are valued in the accounting education curriculum and profession, can be developed through a flipped classroom pedagogy. However, if pre-class learning is not …

Tax Boycotts, H. Scott Asay, Jacob Thornock, Jeffrey L. Hoopes, Jaron H. Wilde

Faculty Publications

To what extent do consumers boycott in response to corporate tax activities? Anecdotes suggest potential consumer backlash is a meaningful deterrent to corporate tax planning, and the tax literature has developed expectations that these boycotts happen. But empirical evidence on their existence and impact is limited. We undertake a comprehensive study to examine how consumers’ purchase behavior relates to corporate tax activities, triangulating across several designs, samples, and measures. First, we survey a representative sample of U.S. consumers to examine the reported relationship between corporate tax planning and consumer behavior; we find that consumers report that precisely zero have ever …

Developing The Experience Impact Scale: A Qualitative Study Using A Study Abroad And International Internship Program, Neil Lundberg, Peter Ward, Grant Lundberg, Brian Hill, Jennifer Brown, Ramon Zabriskie, Mat Duerden, Heather Ashby

Faculty Publications

Recent work has identified different experience types, including experience classifications of ordinary, memorable, meaningful, and transformative. This study further clarifies the experience typology through qualitative data analysis of each experience type. Data analysis identified that within each extraordinary experience type, additional subtypes were present. Experience types and subtypes were organized according to the experience typology continuum into a 10-item Experience Impact Scale (EIS), as no instrument to measure experience types or experience impact was available. An expert panel was used to determine the representativeness of the items in the EIS and to provide content-related evidence of validity. Discussion of the …

Sending Children To Camp: An Analysis Of Decision-Making By Family Income, Dan Richmond, Camilla Hodge, Jim Sibthorp

Faculty Publications

Objectives: This study sought to (a) identify the factors most salient to parents when sending their child to summer camp, (b) examine family members’ roles in the camp decision-making process, and (c) compare both by income and other family contextual factors in a sample of parents with a child who enrolled and participated in a summer camp experience.

Methods: Survey data were collected from a total of 354 families that included families from high, middle, and lower incomes. Surveys collected data on parental developmental goals for their child, factors related to camp–child and camp–family fit, and the level of involvement …

Free Public Lands Admission For Children And Spillovers In Family Recreation, Jocelyn S. Wikle, Camilla Hodge

Faculty Publications

This study evaluated the Every Kid in a Park program to understand recreation and the contextual interaction between family resources, race, and recreation costs in families with young children. Using a large, nationally representative data sample from the American Time Use Survey (N = 5,119), we analyzed changes over time in recreation patterns of different socioeconomic groups before and after the initiation of the Every Kid in a Park program of the United States National Park Service. We found that free admission corresponded with overall increased frequency of hiking with a child for individuals in affected households. Changes in hiking …

Where Have All The Children Gone? A Review Of The Presence Of Children Under 6 Years In Leisure Publication Outlets, Rachel A. Mcgovern, Ericka J. Olschewski, Camilla Hodge

Faculty Publications

We conducted a focused search of nine pre-determined leisure journals to (1) determine the prevalence and scope of research on children younger than 6 years (i.e., young children) published in leisure- focused outlets, (2) describe study designs and research methods used to study this age group, (3) tabulate definitions of child leisure, and (4) provide an overview of the studies’ findings. Overall, findings indicate a marked absence of young children from leisure research. Only 28 articles in almost half a century of leisure journal publications met inclusion criteria. Eight studies focused on children as the subject or participant, five articles …

Ecology Of Family Experiences: Contextualizing Family Leisure For Human Development & Family Relations, Camilla Hodge, Kelly D. Chandler, Karen K. Melton, Kelly L. Hoke, Jennifer Blodgett

Faculty Publications

Research on family communication in the leisure context has been limited to retrospective survey reconstructions of perceptions of communication patterns. This study examines the validity of sociometric badges for measuring family communication in real-time. Seven families (married, two-parent families with at least one child ages 4–17 years) wore sociometric badges during a 30-minute leisure activity in a lab setting. We compared mean badge estimates of family communication duration to mean coded video data from the same 30-minute sessions. Intraclass correlation coefficients indicated sociometric badges are not as reliable as video-coded estimates of speech; however, among parents, non-significant mean comparisons partially …

Experience Design And The Origins And Aims Of Leisure Studies: Shifting The Focus From Context To Experience, Mat D. Duerden

Faculty Publications

This article, adapted from the 2019 Butler Lecture at the NRPA National Research session, provides an overview of the origins, development, and potential future trajectory of the field of leisure research. Economic and societal trends of the last few decades may signal the need for the field to intentionally transition its focus on leisure as a context to leisure as an experience. More specifically the field needs to actively consider how insights gained from 60 years of research on leisure experiences can be applied to contexts beyond leisure. To illustrate the possibility of such a shift, lessons learned from transitioning …

Experience Design In Leisure And Recreation Curriculum, Madie Neeley, Sydney Burgess, Mat D. Duerden, Neil Lundberg

Faculty Publications

Experience design is a term that has risen to the forefront in a variety of professional fields and has relevance for the field of park and recreation. Park and recreation professionals are primarily focused on providing experiences and thus could naturally consider themselves experienced designers. Surprisingly, experience design is not a topic often discussed within park and recreation publications or curriculum. This absence is at least in part attributable to the fact that experience design is an emerging field that has grown independently out of multiple disciplines. Consequently, the fields of park and recreation and experience design overlap in a …

Experience Journey Map: A New Experience Design Tool For Structuring Youth Activities, Gary D. Ellis, Jingxian Jiang, Darlene Locke, Patti A. Freeman, Kaylee Jorgensen

Faculty Publications

We introduce a new experience design tool, an experience journey map, to assist youth professionals in planning engagement, immersion, and absorption activities. Experience journey maps are based on customer journey maps, which are widely used in business service design. This new approach highlights strategies for engendering deep structured experiences during the activity. An experience journey map is a matrix of columns and rows. Columns represent the sequence of activity stages. Rows are experience-structuring strategies derived from the theory of structured experience. These strategies include service performance strategies, deep structured experience strategies, and engagement, immersion, and absorption strategies. We present a …

Financially Constrained Mortgage Servicers, Darren Aiello

Faculty Publications

Financially constrained mortgage servicers destroyed substantial MBS investor value during the financial crisis through their management of delinquent mortgages. Servicers advance to investors monthly payments missed by borrowers. In order to minimize this obligation to extend financing to distressed borrowers, constrained servicers aggressively pursued foreclosures and modifications at the expense of investors, borrowers, and future mortgage performance. When agency frictions between the servicer and the investor are higher, the servicer’s financial constraints matter more. IV regressions suggest that, on average per defaulted loan, servicers’ financial constraints are responsible for 20% of the total investor value reduction during the financial crisis.

An Analysis Of Selling Concessions, Reallowance Fees, And Price Changes In The Marketing Of Ipos, James C. Brau, Joseph J. Henry

Faculty Publications

This paper provides an economic model resulting in two distinct marketing strategies available to investment bankers. First, we hypothesize that an increased selling effort by brokers is used most effectively when the investment clientele is uninformed. Second, adjusting the offer price of the issue is hypothesized to be employed primarily in large IPOs with a clientele of sophisticated investors, consistent with Shiller’s Impresario Hypothesis. Our pre-IPO bubble (1981-1996) empirical results yield evidence supporting both selling mechanisms. Under-demanded small IPO issues are ‘pushed’ by the brokers, while some under-demanded large IPO issues instead increase the offer price, with large first-day turnover …

Differentially Private Fractional Frequency Moments Estimation With Polylogarithmic Space, Lun Wang, Iosif Pinelis, Dawn Song

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

We prove that Fp sketch, a well-celebrated streaming algorithm for frequency moments estimation, is differentially private as is when p ∈ (0, 1]. Fp sketch uses only polylogarithmic space, exponentially better than existing DP baselines and only worse than the optimal non-private baseline by a logarithmic factor. The evaluation shows that Fp sketch can achieve reasonable accuracy with differential privacy guarantee. The evaluation code is included in the supplementary material.

Back From The Future: Mediation And Prediction Of Events Uncertainty Through Event-Driven Models (Edms), Samuel Ogbeibu, James Gaskin

Faculty Publications

The event-driven model (EDM) is an emerging concept in human behavioural research, and understanding how EDMs can promote theory development remains a fundamental quest of predictive science. Traditionally, researchers have heavily depended upon theory confirmation and the inclusion of mediating constructs to clarify uncertainty associated with plausible events (e.g. political, socio-economic, technological, environmental). Though this approach has pushed the field forward, it has also steered mediation research towards largely ignoring the fundamental role of prediction as a key for better understanding future events represented by EDMs. Additionally, emerging research using partial least squares structural equation modelling to execute prediction-oriented analysis …

Transformational It Leaders And Digital Innovation: The Moderating Effect Of Formal It Governance, Linda M. Pittenger, Nicholas Berente, James Gaskin

Faculty Publications

Does formal IT governance encourage innovation in the traditional domains of the IT function at the expense of new forms of “digital” innovation? We report on a study of 158 IT managers and leaders to understand the conditions under which transformational IT leadership can drive innovation in traditional forms of IT, as well as in the emerging “digital” domain. We find that highly formal IT governance practices can reduce ability of transformational IT managers and leaders to innovate in both domains, and this effect is greater for digital innovation. In stable cultures the moderation effect was strengthened, while insignificant in …

Digital Behavioral Biometrics And Privacy: Methods For Improving Business Processes Without Compromising Customer Privacy, Joseph S. Valacich, Jeffrey L. Jenkins, D. Čišić

Faculty Publications

To enable people to interact with online websites and systems, browsers capture a variety of events that occur on the page—such as how a person is moving the computer mouse, what a person clicks on, what a person types, and whether a person is scrolling. These events represent a user’s behavior on a page, referred to as the DOM or Document Object Model, and are recorded at a millisecond precision rate (e.g., the exact millisecond timestamp when a key goes down and when it comes back up). Research and practice alike have found that these behavioral events can provide powerful …

An Institutional Theory Perspective On Ehr Engagement: Mandates, Penalties, And Enforcement, Mark J. Keith, Elina Chun Stewart, Tevin Stewart, Mitchell Josephson, Bob Cash, Connor Bice

Faculty Publications

Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems are the predominant information system (IS) used by healthcare clinicians and have been the source of both great success and pain. User engagement with EHR systems is unique from traditional IS contexts in significant ways. Prior research explains EHR usage and success primarily on traditional technology acceptance research (i.e., TAM, UTAUT). However, these models assume that EHR engagement is no different from IS systems in general business domains. Yet, the healthcare context is far more regulated than most. Based on qualitative focus group sessions with a leading healthcare analytics firm (KLAS Research), we identify the …

Information Filtering In Electronic Networks Of Practice: An Fmri Investigation Of Expectation (Dis)Confirmation, Kelly J. Fadel, Thomas O. Meservy, C. Brock Kirwan

Faculty Publications

Online forums sponsored by electronic networks of practice (ENPs) have become an important platform for technology-mediated knowledge exchange, yet relatively little is known about how ENP participants filter and evaluate the information they encounter on these forums. This study integrates perspectives from expectation confirmation theory, prospect theory, and neuroscience research to explore how ENP forum filtering judgments are influenced when expectations formed on the basis of contextual cues are confirmed or disconfirmed by the examination of solution quality. We summarize six different models of expectation confirmation explored in previous IS literature and report the results of a neuroimaging experiment using …

Prediabetes: Provider Awareness And The Implementation Of The Prevent Diabetes Stat Toolkit Resources, Brooke Feltman

Nursing

Increased proactivity and improved management of prediabetes is a growing need amongst providers in the primary care setting. Nearly one third of North Dakota residents over the age of 20 have prediabetes, but only one out of ten are aware of this reversible medical condition. Without early correction and identification, 15-30% of people with prediabetes will develop type 2 diabetes. Based on the need for increased proactivity towards prediabetic management, evidence-based resources were created by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Medical Association. The Prevent Diabetes STAT Toolkit was developed to guide medical professionals in assisting …

Adolescent Mental Health: A Community Needs Assessment, Michael Hammer

Nursing

Depression among adolescents has been trending upward with approximately 3.2 million adolescents aged 12-17 having at least one major depressive episode in the United States (U.S.) in 2016. The incidence of depression also rises with age among adolescents, with depressive episodes at 4.8% for 12-year-olds, 11.8% for 14-year-olds, and as high as 18.5% in adolescents aged 17 years. Interventions aimed at understanding mental health needs of adolescents and reducing barriers to care are essential to improve overall health outcomes for this population. The goal of this community needs assessment was to better understand adolescent mental health and determine the needs …

A General Coupling Methodology For Unsteady Aerostructural Optimization With Analytic Derivatives, Taylor Mcdonnell, Adam Cardoza, Denis-Gabriel Caprace, Andrew Ning

Faculty Publications

Multidisciplinary design optimization offers a comprehensive approach for designing complex aerostructural systems such as wind turbines. Gradient-based multidisciplinary design optimization can be used to optimize complex systems using large numbers of design variables. However, the convergence of gradient-based optimization methods to an optimal solution is highly dependent on the accuracy of the provided derivatives. In this paper, we propose a general method for creating unsteady coupled systems for steady-state, eigenvalue, and time-domain analyses. We then describe how highly accurate derivatives may be obtained from these analyses using a combination of automatic differentiation and analytic methods (including the unsteady adjoint). Finally, …

New Touch Park, Abdirahman Mohamud

Landscape Architecture Theses

My study is to answer the question how can landscapes themselves be interactive, could they be learning & teaching experiences? Can you learn actively from design? Could a landscape teach you a story of a people or a lesson? Are their existing sites that do these things already that we can learn from them? Could it be replicated? What are their structures and programing that make them successful? My study is also promoting and proposing an environment for learning objectives for young developing children in low income housing, with project elements such as natural playground setting, pushing a narrative of …

Challenges And Progress In Research, Diagnostics, And Therapeutics In Alzheimer's Disease And Related Dementias, Nikolay V Dokholyan, Richard C Mohs, Randall J Bateman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The health, well-being, and financial security of Americans are greatly impacted by Alzheimer's disease. The forecast paints an upward trajectory with the number of Americans suffering from Alzheimer's disease and related dementia. To discuss the Alzheimer's crisis, The Senate Committee on Finance, Subcommittee on Health Care, held a hearing titled, "The Alzheimer's Crisis: Examining, Testing, and Treatment Pipelines and Fiscal Implications," on December 16, 2020. Here, we summarize and expand on the discussion of the panel and its review of recent progress, ongoing challenges associated with Alzheimer's disease, and potential initiatives that promise to speed progress in developing treatments and …

The Nursing Care Of People With Class Iii Obesity In An Acute Care Setting: A Scoping Review, Bev Ewens, Vivien Kemp, Mandy (Amanda) Towell-Barnard, Lisa Whitehead

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background

Patients with Class III obesity pose unique challenges to health care staff and organisations. Care requirements of this population are unique and require specialised equipment and knowledge to meet these needs, maintain the quality of care, as well as the safety of patients and staff.

Aim

To synthesise the evidence on the nursing care of Class III obese patients in acute care settings.

Methods

A scoping review informed by JBI. CINAHL Plus, Medline, Scopus, Proquest Central, Web of Science and Embase were searched for primary research articles about the nursing management of people classified as Class III obese in …

Finding Geodesics Joining Given Points, Lyle Noakes, Erchuan Zhang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Finding a geodesic joining two given points in a complete path-connected Riemannian manifold requires much more effort than determining a geodesic from initial data. This is because it is much harder to solve boundary value problems than initial value problems. Shooting methods attempt to solve boundary value problems by solving a sequence of initial value problems, and usually need a good initial guess to succeed. The present paper finds a geodesic γ: [0 , 1] → M on the Riemannian manifold M with γ(0) = x0 and γ(1) = x1 by dividing the interval [0,1] into several sub-intervals, preferably just …