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Phytochemical Screening, And Antibacterial And Antioxidant Activities Of Mangifera Indica L. Leaves, Arvish Maharaj, Yougasphree Naidoo, Yaser Hassan Dewir, Hail Rihan

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

The bio-constituents of medicinal plants are greatly influenced by the environmental conditions and growing seasons. This study aimed to uncover the presence of different metabolites and to investigate the biological properties of the leaves of Mangifera indica during summer and winter seasons. The extract of M. indica leaves for summer and winter using different solvent extracts (hexane, chloroform, and methanol) showed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, phytosterol, saponins, steroids, and carbohydrates. Antibacterial activity of the methanolic leaf extracts for summer and winter were evaluated against the bacterial species Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 43300) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922). …

Full Issue

Insights: The Newsletter of the Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Symposium Explores Widespread Tree Of Life Motif

Insights: The Newsletter of the Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship

Scholars from various disciplines and institutions gathered in Brigham Young University’s Varsity Theater on 28 and 29 September 2006 to explore the pervasive and powerful tree of life motif as found in civilizations spanning the Far and Middle East to Mesoamerica and as expressed in Latter-day Saint scripture and art. The following report highlights the two presentations by visiting non–Latter-day Saint scholars and briefly summarizes the others.

Full Issue

Insights: The Newsletter of the Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Maxwell Institute Scholars Speak At Fair Conference

Insights: The Newsletter of the Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship

Scholars from the Maxwell Institute, as well as a number of authors who contribute to the institute’s publications, delivered papers at the recent FAIR conference held in Sandy, Utah, in August. The Foundation for Apologetic Information and Research is a private, nonprofit organization dedicated to providing well-documented answers to criticisms of Latter-day Saint doctrine, belief, and practice.

Making The Case For Cultural Diffusion In Ancient Times

Insights: The Newsletter of the Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship

Old theories die hard in academia, at least when they are entrenched and have been defended intellectually with fervor. Only with overwhelming evidence to the contrary does the institutional status quo crumble and make way for new theories to find legitimacy within the academic mainstream. Illustrative of this struggle for acceptance in the academy has been the contest between the establishment position that ancient American civilization evolved in complete independence from the Old World and the “cultural diffusion hypothesis.” The latter proposes that American societies did not arise and develop in total isolation but were stimulated by connections from the …

The Impact Of Political Beliefs On Ethical Framework In Adults

Journal of Interdisciplinary Undergraduate Research

This study aimed to examine the differences between major political philosophies in the United States and whether these beliefs influence a person’s ethical views. This research was a non-experimental correlation design, using a survey methodology with adult participants. The participants were asked to complete the 39-item The Impact of Political Beliefs on Ethical Frameworks in Adults Survey. A Pearson’s r was conducted to determine the relationship between political beliefs and ethical frameworks. The results showed a slightly positive correlation that was statistically significant [r(166) = .28, p = .000]. Therefore, there was sufficient evidence to support the research hypothesis: there …

Academic Senate - Agenda, 10/4/2022, Academic Senate

Academic Senate Agendas

No abstract provided.

Understand Group Interaction And Cognitive State In Online Collaborative Problem Solving: Leveraging Brain-To-Brain Synchrony Data, Xu Du, Lizhao Zhang, Jui-Long Hung, Hao Li, Hengtao Tang, Yiqian Xie

Educational Technology Faculty Publications and Presentations

The purpose of this study aimed to analyze the process of online collaborative problem solving (CPS) via brain-to-brain synchrony (BS) at the problem-understanding and problem-solving stages. Aiming to obtain additional insights than traditional approaches (survey and observation), BS refers to the synchronization of brain activity between two or more people, as an indicator of interpersonal interaction or common attention. Thirty-six undergraduate students participated. Results indicate the problem-understanding stage showed a higher level of BS than the problem-solving stage. Moreover, the level of BS at the problem-solving stage was significantly correlated with task performance. Groups with all high CPS skill students …

Correlates Of Psychological Well-Being In Older Adults With Treatment-Resistant Depression, Selmi Kallmi

Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the factors that are associated with psychological well-being in older adults with late-life depression and determine if social participation moderates and/or mediates these relationships. This dissertation study utilized secondary pre-treatment data collected from the “Optimum: Optimizing Depression Treatment in Older Adults” study (Cristancho et al. (2019). Community dwelling older adults (N = 369) were included if they currently met criteria for MDD, had failed at least two prior trials of MDD medication treatment, and were able to visit the study site to participate in cognitive and physical functioning assessments. Hierarchical multiple regressions …

Differences In Neurotoxic Outcomes Of Organophosphorus Pesticides Revealed Via Multi-Dimensional Screening In Adult And Regenerating Planarians, Danielle Ireland, S. Zhang, Veronica Bochenek , ' 22, J.-H. Hsieh, Christina Rabeler, Zane Meyer , '21, Eva-Maria S. Collins

Biology Faculty Works

Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are a chemically diverse class of commonly used insecticides. Epidemiological studies suggest that low dose chronic prenatal and infant exposures can lead to life-long neurological damage and behavioral disorders. While inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is the shared mechanism of acute OP neurotoxicity, OP-induced developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) can occur independently and/or in the absence of significant AChE inhibition, implying that OPs affect alternative targets. Moreover, different OPs can cause different adverse outcomes, suggesting that different OPs act through different mechanisms. These findings emphasize the importance of comparative studies of OP toxicity. Freshwater planarians are an invertebrate system that …

Biomaterials With Diverse Physical & Chemical Signals For Tissue Engineering Applications, Mohammed Mehdi Benmassaoud

Theses and Dissertations

Cells within natural tissues are exposed to a myriad of biochemical and biophysical cues, and it is challenging to recapitulate these signals in vitro. The goal of this dissertation is to create materials with distinct biophysical and biochemical signals as platforms that induce controllable yet diverse cellular responses. To evaluate the effects of heterogeneous biophysical cues on cell behavior, cells were encapsulated in porous scaffold-hydrogel composites, and it was found that cellular metrics (morphology, matrix mechanosensing) varied within soft (hydrogel) and rigid (scaffold) composite regions. To create soft materials with spatially defined biochemical signals, hydrogels that can be subsequently photopatterned …

Differential Patterns And Outcomes Of 20.6 Million Cardiovascular Emergency Department Encounters For Men And Women In The United States., Zahra Raisi-Estabragh, Ofer Kobo, Ayman Elbadawi, Poonam Velagapudi, Garima Sharma, Renee P Bullock-Palmer, Steffen E Petersen, Laxmi S Mehta, Waqas Ullah, Ariel Roguin, Louise Y Sun, Mamas A Mamas

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

Background We describe sex-differential disease patterns and outcomes of >20.6 million cardiovascular emergency department encounters in the United States. Methods and Results We analyzed primary cardiovascular encounters from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample between 2016 and 2018. We grouped cardiovascular diagnoses into 15 disease categories. The sample included 48.7% women; median age was 67 (interquartile range, 54-78) years. Men had greater overall baseline comorbidity burden; however, women had higher rates of obesity, hypertension, and cerebrovascular disease. For women, the most common emergency department encounters were essential hypertension (16.0%), hypertensive heart or kidney disease (14.1%), and atrial fibrillation/flutter (10.2%). For men, …

The Minutes Of The Marshall University Graduate Council Meeting, September 30, 2022, Marshall University Graduate Council

Graduate Council Minutes

No abstract provided.

Systems And Methods For Cultivating Algae, Daniel H. Yeh, Ivy Lea Cormier Drexler, Melanie Pickett, David Fulcher

USF Patents

In one embodiment, an algae cultivation system includes a basin that contains a liquid and a photobioreactor at least partially immersed in the liquid of the basin, the photobioreactor comprising a closed container including multiple panels that together define an interior space in which algae can be cultivated, at least one of the panels being transparent, the photobioreactor further comprising an inflatable float associated with the container that can be filled with a gas to change one or both of the position and orientation of the container within the liquid.

Proportionality: Reconsidering The Application Of An Established Principle In International Law, Rüdiger Wolfrum

International Law Studies

Traditionally, the principle of proportionality is defined as limiting State action to rational and reasonable means with the view to achieve a goal permissible under international law without unduly encroaching on the protected rights of another State, States, or individuals. The principle applies to the planning, as well as the implementation, of State activities. The application of the principle of proportionality is common in national constitutional and administrative law. A vast national jurisprudence exists in this regard. However, due to the plurality of approaches in the various national legal systems, it is hardly possible to draw any general legal conclusions …

Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals Recurrent Bcar4 Gene Fusions Across Solid Tumors, Andrew Nickless, Jin Zhang, Ghofran Othoum, Jace Webster, Matthew J Inkman, Emily Coonrod, Sherron Fontes, Emily B Rozycki, Christopher A Maher, Nicole M White

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: Chromosomal rearrangements often result in active regulatory regions juxtaposed upstream of an oncogene to generate an expressed gene fusion. Repeated activation of a common downstream partner-with differing upstream regions across a patient cohort-suggests a conserved oncogenic role. Analysis of 9,638 patients across 32 solid tumor types revealed an annotated long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), Breast Cancer Anti-Estrogen Resistance 4 (BCAR4), was the most prevalent, uncharacterized, downstream gene fusion partner occurring in 11 cancers. Its oncogenic role was confirmed using multiple cell lines with endogenous BCAR4 gene fusions. Furthermore, overexpressing clinically prevalent BCAR4 gene fusions in untransformed cell lines was sufficient …

Immediate Effects Of A Wildfire On Bats In A Ponderosa Pine (Pinus Ponderosa) Forest, Keith Geluso

Western North American Naturalist

Suppression of wildfires and variation in climatic patterns during the last century have caused increases in tree density and understory debris throughout forests of western North America. These structural changes enabled wildfires to ascend into forest canopies, causing high-intensity, stand-replacing fires that affect wildlife differently than low-intensity understory fires. Bats are common inhabitants of western forests. They forage on forest-dwelling insects, and some species roost in trees. Herein, I report on the relative abundance and species richness of bats immediately after a wildfire in a ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forest of southwestern New Mexico. Of 7 netting sites …

Shark Bait, Taryn Mitchell

Materials from the University of Dayton Magazine Website

University of Dayton alumnus swims from Alcatraz to San Francisco in the shark-infested San Francisco Bay.

Independent - Oct. 4, 2022, Monty Stites

The Independent (1988-present)

No abstract provided.

Exploring The Barriers And Facilitators To Making Healthy Physical Activity Lifestyle Choices Among Uk Bame Adults During Covid-19 Pandemic: A Study Protocol, Johnson Mbabazi, Fiona Macgregor, Mona Salman, Jeff Breckon, Edward Kunonga, Barry Tolchard, Lawrence Achilles Nnyanzi

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Past research has identified that individuals from BAME communities face health inequalities and report poorer outcomes from numerous health interventions. This study will explore some of the reasons with a focus on the perceptions towards physical activity in the lifestyle prevention of diseases. It will also seek to elicit a range of facilitators and barriers towards improving physical activity lifestyle choices amongst UK BAME adults, including but not limited to those in the individual, structural, environmental and social domains. Furthermore, it will consider the role of ethnicity and culture in the forming of physical activity lifestyle choices. This study was …

Morphometric And Molecular Characterization Of An Unpigmented Haemosporidian Parasite In The Neotropical Turnip-Tailed Gecko (Thecadactylus Rapicauda), Nubia E. Matta, Leydy P. González, Mario Vargas-Ramírez, Gediminas Valkiūnas, Ananias A. Escalante, M. Andreína Pacheco

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Morphological traits from blood stages have been the gold standard for determining haemosporidian parasite species. However, the status of some taxa and the value of such traits in parasites from reptiles remain contentious. The scarce sampling of these species worsens the situation, and several taxa lack molecular data. A survey was performed in the Magdalena Department in Colombia, where 16 species of reptiles were captured. A peculiar haemosporidian parasite was found in the Turnip-tailed gecko Thecadactylus rapicauda. This haemosporidian does not show malarial pigment in blood stages under light microscopy; thus, it fits the Garnia genus’s characters belonging to …

Isolation And Functional Analysis Of A Pancreatic Enzyme In An Introductory Student Lab, Peter J. Lyons

Faculty Publications

Structure and function are correlated at all levels of biology. This topic is typically addressed early in an undergraduate class in general or molecular biology before students have gained much skill or knowledge in molecular biology. However, an understanding of the chemical bonds involved in forming and maintaining the structure of proteins is critical to understanding how enzymes function and how their activity can be regulated. Here, a laboratory activity is described that is suitable for undergraduate biology students. This activity examines the activity of carboxypeptidase A (CPA), an abundant pancreatic enzyme with a rich history in enzymology and structural …

Genetic Diversity And Evolutionary Potential Of Rare Plant Species: Mentzelia Mollis And M. Packardiae (Loasaceae), Joshua M. Brokaw, Megan R. Howard, Brianna N. Douglas

Western North American Naturalist

Mentzelia mollis and M. packardiae are narrowly distributed plants occurring primarily in the Owyhee Desert of southeastern Oregon and southwestern Idaho. Previous molecular studies have suggested a relatively old allopolyploid origin of M. mollis (4×) followed by the allopolyploid formation of M. packardiae (8×) from the combination of M. mollis and a second extinct progenitor superimposed with ongoing genetic introgression from other species in Mentzelia section Trachyphytum. Here we report the sequencing of the chloroplast intergenic spacer ndhF–rpl32 from 15 populations of M. mollis and 4 populations of M. packardiae as well as diagnostic analyses of their edaphic habitats …

Protecting Ocean Carbon Through Biodiversity And Climate Governance, Laura G. Elsler, Maartje Oostdijk, Lisa A. Levin, Erin V. Satterthwaite, Malin L. Pinsky, Guillermo Ortuño Crespo, Mary S. Wisz

Articles

Global policy goals for halting biodiversity loss and climate change depend on each other to be successful. Marine biodiversity and climate change are intertwined through foodwebs that cycle and transport carbon and contribute to carbon sequestration. Yet, biodiversity conservation and fisheries management seldom explicitly include ocean carbon transport and sequestration. In order to effectively manage and govern human activities that affect carbon cycling and sequestration, international biodiversity and climate agreements need to address both biodiversity and climate issues. International agreements that address issues for climate and biodiversity are best poised to facilitate the protection of ocean carbon with existing policies. …

Distinct Immune Signature Predicts Progression Of Vestibular Schwannoma And Unveils A Possible Viral Etiology, Moran Amit, Tongxin Xie, Frederico O Gleber-Netto, Patrick J Hunt, Gautam U Mehta, Diana Bell, Deborah A Silverman, Ismail Yaman, Yi Ye, Jared K Burks, Gregory N Fuller, Paul W Gidley, Marc-Elie Nader, Shaan M Raza, Franco Demonte

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The management of sub-totally resected sporadic vestibular schwannoma (VS) may include observation, re-resection or irradiation. Identifying the optimal choice can be difficult due to the disease's variable progression rate. We aimed to define an immune signature and associated transcriptomic fingerprint characteristic of rapidly-progressing VS to elucidate the underpinnings of rapidly progressing VS and identify a prognostic model for determining rate of progression.

METHODS: We used multiplex immunofluorescence to characterize the immune microenvironment in 17 patients with sporadic VS treated with subtotal surgical resection alone. Transcriptomic analysis revealed differentially-expressed genes and dysregulated pathways when comparing rapidly-progressing VS to slowly or …

Asymmetry Of Gains And Losses In Human Decision-Making And Choice: Behavioral Correlates Of Loss Aversion, Money, Food, And The Menstrual Cycle, Marcia Mackley Ventura

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research is to determine if loss aversion is replicable as an overt behavioral response to potential gains and losses in complex, recurring, uncertain, and risky choice with real gains and losses of money and food. Cognitive methods used to determine the effect of loss have primarily measured verbal response to hypothetical choice scenarios in which participants cognitively predict their behavior in a series of bets or situations involving imagined monetary gains and losses. Less has been done using behavioral methods that measure overt behavioral response to gains and losses of actual commodities. The present study uses …

Population Structure Of The Shallow Coral Madracis Auretenra In The Caribbean Sea, Diana Carolina Ballesteros-Contreras, Lina M. Barrios, Richard Preziosi

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

The shallow coral Madracis auretenra has an important role in the rich diversity of coral reef ecosystems found in the Caribbean Sea, providing habitat and support to different marine species. Improved understanding of the genetic structure of marine species in the region is needed for the design and management of marine reserves, which are usually created as a biodiversity conservation tool. In this study, seventeen new microsatellite markers were used to examine the population structure of M. auretenra through different areas in the Caribbean Sea (Guatemala, Colombia, Curacao and Barbados), analysing 313 samples from 18 localities. A significant differentiation and …

Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics For Modelling Cold-Water Coral Habitats In Changing Oceans, K Georgoulas, S Hennige, Yc Lee

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 And African Americans: A Problem Decades In The Making, Allan Hardy

Journal of Public Management & Social Policy

COVID-19 has exposed health care disparities long known and discussed in medical and public policy literature. While there have been many discussions regarding our “offense” – how to attack a global pandemic (vaccines, treatment algorithms, etc), there has also been a renewed interest regarding our “defense” (limiting exposure, strengthening the host) – i.e., how to protect our most vulnerable populations. In June 2020, The U.S. Health and Human Services Department announced a $40 million, three-year partnership with the Morehouse School of Medicine to focus on this topic. As described by Danie Dawes (director of Morehouse’s Satcher Health Leadership Institute), this …