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The Sequence Dependent Nanoscale Structure Of Cenp-A Nucleosomes, Tommy Stormberg, Yuri L. Lyubchenko

Journal Articles: Pharmaceutical Sciences

CENP-A is a histone variant found in high abundance at the centromere in humans. At the centromere, this histone variant replaces the histone H3 found throughout the bulk chromatin. Additionally, the centromere comprises tandem repeats of α-satellite DNA, which CENP-A nucleosomes assemble upon. However, the effect of the DNA sequence on the nucleosome assembly and centromere formation remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the structure of nucleosomes assembled with the CENP-A variant using Atomic Force Microscopy. We assembled both CENP-A nucleosomes and H3 nucleosomes on a DNA substrate containing an α-satellite motif and characterized their positioning and wrapping efficiency. We …

Risk-Based Sentencing And The Principles Of Punishment, Christopher Lewis

Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology

Risk-based sentencing regimes use an offender’s statistical likelihood of returning to crime in the future to determine the amount of time he or she spends in prison. Many criminal justice reformers see this as a fair and efficient way to shrink the size of the incarcerated population, while minimizing sacrifices to public safety. But risk-based sentencing is indefensible even (and perhaps especially) by the lights of the theory that supposedly justifies it. Instead of trying to cut time in prison for those who are least likely to reoffend, officials should focus sentencing reform on the least advantaged who tend to …

Fetal Protection Laws And The "Personhood" Problem: Toward A Relational Theory Of Fetal Life And Reproductive Responsibility, Amanda Gvozden

Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology

Fetal Protection Laws (FPLs) are laws that define and provide punishments for any number of crimes, including homicide, committed “against a fetus.” Previous literature has suggested that FPLs need to be explicit about who the intended target of this legislation is. Specifically, comments concerned about the use of FPLs against pregnant women in relation to their own pregnancies suggested that states include language in their FPLs that make it clear that the law ought not be applied to women for harm to their own fetuses. Indeed, some states like California have taken measures to curtail the application of FPLs to …

A Scoping Review Comparing Sustainable Diet Indices, Natalie Henning

Public Health Theses

Interest in environmentally sustainable diets (i.e., diets beneficial for both human and planetary health) has increased as the role of food systems in climate change and population health has become better understood. Sustainable diet indices have been proposed as a holistic approach to assessing diets around the world with regards to human and planetary outcomes. The aim of this scoping review was to summarize and compare sustainable diet indices and their applicability to various populations.A literature search of three databases (Scopus, PubMed, and the Climate Change and Human Health Literature Search Portal) was conducted to identify articles that developed, validated, …

Comprehensive West Nile Virus Phylogenetic Analysis: Europe And Beyond, Robert T. Koch

Public Health Theses

ABSTRACT West Nile virus (WNV) inhabits a unique position in the infectious disease landscape. It is both the most widespread arbovirus in the world, and yet is one of the least known. WNV is spread by mosquitoes and has high morbidity and mortality in birds, humans are dead-end hosts of the virus but can develop a serious neuroinvasive form of the disease (WNND). The incidence of such cases is on the rise around the world. To explore WNV, we created a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis with all available WNV genomes in genbank database using Nextstrain to identify use cases for increasing …

Identification Of An In Vitro Medium For Leptospira Spp. As A Surrogate For Host Environment, Using Rna-Seq Transcriptome Analysis, Zitong Lin

Public Health Theses

Pathogenic Leptospira species causes millions of leptospirosis cases around the world and is an urgent public health issue that needs to be properly addressed. The infection leads to clinical manifestations ranging from self-limiting febrile illness to severe life-threatening symptoms. Currently, there is a lack of sensitive assay for early diagnosis of leptospirosis, and there is no FDA-approved vaccine for human use in the United States. Despite the worldwide occurrence of this zoonotic disease, low and middle-income countries are disproportionately affected by it. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of Leptospira is a crucial step for the development of better diagnostic …

Melissa: Monitoring The Environment With Living Investigatory Sentinel Species Apis Mellifera, Brady Rowe

Public Health Theses

Without the ability to meaningfully detect an environmental contaminant, public health efforts can get behind the curve, and people suffer for it. Industrial polluters are the major source of environmental contamination. Despite regulation, industrial compliance efforts are often limited by the difficulty of getting samples to analyze due to cost and logistical challenges. The current method requires a compliance officer to gather a sample or rely on self-reported measures from the potential polluters. This process can be remarkably costly both in capital and human labor. These issues can be remedied by relying on the domesticated honeybee to gather the “samples.” …

Interactions Between Diabetes And Covid-19: A Scoping Review, Vani Topkar

Public Health Theses

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic that started in March 2020 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus introduced an incredible number of unknowns that ongoing research aims to investigate. One such unknown is the relationship between diabetes and COVID-19. Existing literature has identified diabetes as a risk factor for poor health outcomes in COVID-19 patients, however, other information is limited and inconclusive.

Objective: There are two primary goals of this scoping review. First, to consolidate existing literature about both associations between COVID-19 and diabetes, and the biological mechanisms of how diabetes and COVID-19 may interact. This includes consolidating information about diabetes as …

Demographic Representation In Clinical Trials Of Pharmacotherapy Fertility Treatments In Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (Pcos): A Cross-Sectional Analysis, Kendall Watanabe

Public Health Theses

ABSTRACT: Background: While Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a medical condition that impacts women of childbearing age, prior research has shown that women of color are at a disproportionately higher risk. The goal of this meta research project is to closely model a systematic process to assess demographic characteristics of participants recruited and enrolled in clinical trials and RCTs in PCOS-related research studies. Methods: An exhaustive electronic database search was performed through Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Ovid Embase, and Web of Science to identify studies that focused on PCOS-related infertility. Out of the 2,883 records identified in the initial search …

Creating A Welcoming, Inclusive, And Affirming Primary Care Environment For Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Questioning, Intersex And Asexual Patients, Samantha Korbey

Yale School of Nursing Digital Theses

The LGBTQIA+ community has long faced disparities in healthcare which have had significant consequences including increased cancer risk factors and poorer health outcomes when compared to the cisgender, heterosexual community. Interventions are needed to increase the knowledge and cultural competency of providers, to create welcoming and safe spaces for LGBTQIA+ patients, and to encourage disclosure of sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI).

The purpose of this DNP project was to adapt, implement, and evaluate an evidence-based model for creating an affirming, inclusive, culturally competent, and safe primary care environment for LGBTQIA+ patients within a family practice center. This quality improvement …

A Prospective Randomized Crossover Trial Of Systemic Chemotherapy In Patients With Low-Grade Mucinous Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma, Abdelrahman M. Yousef, John Paul Shen, Fadl Zeineddine, Mohammad Zeineddine, Becky Slack Tidwell, Robert A. Wolff, Aurelio Matamoros, Wai Chin Foo, Melissa Taggart, Abhineet Uppal, Christopher Scally, Paul Mansfield, Safia Rafeeq, Kanwal Raghav, Michael J. Overman, Keith Fournier

Leading Edge of Cancer Research Symposium 2022

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Intestinal Toxicity To Ctla-4 Blockade Driven By Il-6 And Myeloid Infiltration, Yifan Zhou, Yusra B. Medik, Bhakti Patel, Daniel B. Zamler, Sijie Chen, Thomas Chapman, Sarah Schneider, Elizabeth M. Park, Rachel Babcock, Taylor Chrisikos, Laura M. Kahn, Allison M. Dyevoich Phd, Josue Pineda, Matthew C. Wong, Aditya Mishra, Samuel H. Cass, Alexandria P. Cogdill, Daniel Johnson, Sarah B. Johnson, Khalida Wani, Debora A. Ledesma, Courtney Hudgens, Jingjing Wang, Abdul Wadud Khan, Christine B. Peterson, Aron Y. Joon, Weiyi Peng, Haiyan S. Li, Reetakshi Arora, Ximing Tang, Maria Gabriela Raso, Xuegong Zhang, Wai Chin Foo, Michael Tetzlaff, Gretchen E. Diehl, Karen Clise-Dwyer, Elizabeth Whitley, Matthew Gubin Phd, James P. Allison, Patrick Hwu, Nadim Ajami, Adi Diab, Jennifer Wargo, Stephanie S. Watowich Phd

Leading Edge of Cancer Research Symposium 2022

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Natural Law And Universal Human Rights, David F. Forte

Emory International Law Review

Abdullahi An-Na‘im has set his life’s quest on attempting to find a way that Muslim society can be attuned to the moral commands of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, a Western creation. At present, the Shari‘a and the Declaration are in obvious tension, if not conflict, in areas such as freedom of religion and the rights of women. An-Na‘im finds that the Shari‘a is a creation of man derived in history from an interpretation of Islamic sources. Muslims today can legitimately develop their own interpretation relying on the root sources of Islam, but only so long as those sources …

No-Fault Vaccine Injury Compensation Systems Adopted Pursuant To The Covid-19 Public Health Emergency Response, Sam Halabi, Katherine Ginsbach, Katie Gottschalk, John Monahan, Judith Murungi

Emory International Law Review

No-fault vaccine injury compensation systems have developed over the course of the twentieth century, mostly in the richest countries in the world. Acknowledging that severe reactions to vaccines are rare, but can result in serious and sometimes complex injury, these systems provide financial and social support for those suffering these rare side effects. During the COVID-19 pandemic, and the rapid development and deployment of vaccines using novel technologies, these systems have proliferated not only among wealthy countries, where in their modern form they originated and spread, but also low- and middle-income ones. Adopting varying approaches to funding, eligibility, administration, process, …

Stifling Innovation: How Global Data Protection Regulation Trends Inhibit The Growth Of Healthcare Research And Start-Ups, Ryan Preston

Emory International Law Review

No abstract provided.

Yap1 Hydroxylation Suppress Prostate Cancer Metastasis, Ming Zhu, Ruiqing Peng, Xin Liang, Zhengdao Lan, Ming Tang, Pingping Hou, Jian H. Song, Celia Sze Ling Mak, Jiwon Park, Shui-Er Zheng, Ailing Huang, Xingdi Ma, Ruidong Chen, Qing Chang, Christopher J. Logothetis Md, Abhinav K. Jain, Sue-Hwa Lin, Hiroyuki Katayama, Samir Hanash, Guocan Wang

Leading Edge of Cancer Research Symposium 2022

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Multi-Disciplinary Efforts To Evaluate The Therapeutic Potential Of Cdk11, A Novel Transcription Associated Cyclin Dependent Kinase., Christopher L. Carroll, Jan Reiling, Jeffrey Kovacs, Michael Bradley, Meng He, Nadima Uprety, Michael Peoples, Frederick Robinson, Alessandro Carugo, Michael Conner, Christian Rodriguez, Jennifer Bardenhagen, Vijayan Ramaswamy, Paul Leonard, Zhijun Kang, Catalina Suarez, Teresa Perry, Jing Han, Sonal Fnu, Nakia D. Spencer, Guang Gao, Angela Harris, Alan Xu, Jennifer Linares, Thomas M. Quill, Phuong Nguyen, Qi Wu, Stephanie T. Schmidt Phd, Sahil Seth, Christopher A. Bristow, Norma Rogers, Simon S. Yu, Hannah E. Shepard, Robert A. Mullinax, Sabina A. Lorca, Kang Le, Reagan Lucas, Sweta Mahaeshwari, Sarah Joseph, Ningping Feng, Yongying Jiang, Joe Marszalek, Michael Soth, Jason Cross, Mary Geck Do, M. Emilia Di Francesco, Timothy P. Heffernan, Philip Jones

Leading Edge of Cancer Research Symposium 2022

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Inactivation Of Aurora Kinases And Cyclin-Dependent Kinases 4/6 Allows Cancers To Adopt An Endoreplication And Form Polyploid/Polyaneuploid Giant Cancer Cells (Pgccs/Paccs) That Resist Antimitotic Drugs, Vural Tagal, Uttam K. Tambar, Noemi Andor, Michael G. Roth, John D. Minna

Leading Edge of Cancer Research Symposium 2022

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Targeting Immunosuppressive Classical Monocytes Prevents Immunotherapy Resistance, B. Leticia Rodriguez, Limo Chen, Yanli Li, Shucheng Miao, David H. Peng, Jared Fradette, Lixia Diao, Jessica Marie Konen, Aparna Padhye, Laura Gibson, Joshua K. Ochieng, Xiaofei Zhou Phd, Jing Wang, Don Gibbons

Leading Edge of Cancer Research Symposium 2022

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The Effects Of Preference Assessments On The Duration Of Independent Play For A Child With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Elise Amo, Robbie Hanson

Theses

Plays skills are important within typical development and independent play has shown to lead to the development of other skills, such as increased social interactions (Edwards et al., 2018). Previous research has demonstrated increases in independent play for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who display skill deficits in this area. However, research has been largely lacking for increasing independent play for individuals with ASD who simply display a preference for interacting with adults. The current study examined the effectiveness of incorporating a multiple-stimulus without replacement (MSWO) preference assessment to increase the duration of independent play for a child with …

Disparities In Demand For Covid-19 Hospital Care In The United States: Insights From A Longitudinal Hierarchical Study, Wolfgang Messner

Faculty Publications

Background and aims

This study examined disparities in hospitalization for COVID-19 within the U.S. by racial and ethnic groups, health insurance status, and social support structure.

Methods

Using publicly available ecological case and contextual data from July 2020 to April 2021, a longitudinal hierarchical model for the 51 U.S. states was constructed.

Results

Racial/ethnic disparities were observed, such as that hospitalization rates were higher in states with a higher percentage of Black (β = .002, P = .009) and American Indian or Alaska Native persons (β = .003, P = .03). Conversely, lack of health insurance was related …

Pascoite Minerals And Potential Application Of Nmr Spectroscopy, Craig C. Mclauchlan, Beth Trent-Ringer, Debbie C. Crans

Faculty Publications – Chemistry

The 20 minerals encompassing the pascoite family of decavanadate isopolyanion-containing [V₁₀O₂₈]⁶⁻ minerals include a few minerals, such as rakovanite, that have been described as containing a protonated decavanadate anion. Rakovanite was originally assigned the formula Na₃[H₃V₁₀O₂₈]•15H₂O and now is redefined with an ideal formula (NH₄)₃Na₃[V₁₀O₂₈]•12H₂O. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and particularly ⁵¹V NMR spectroscopy is an informative method used to describe the protonation state and speciation in both solid and solution states …

Barriers To Accessing Emergency Water Infrastructure: Lessons From Flint, Michigan, Melissa Heil

Faculty Publications - Geography, Geology, and the Environment

Several high-profile cases of water service interruption have occurred in United States communities over the last decade, halting the usual operations of water infrastructures. In these situations, governments and NGOs have created emergency water infrastructures, such as bottled water distribution sites, to meet residents' water needs. This paper examines the accessibility of such emergency water distribution sites by analysing the case of Flint, Michigan. Drawing on interviews with community leaders in Flint who administered the city's bottled water distribution programmes, this paper identifies barriers to access in the city's emergency water infrastructure that stem from and deepen pre-existing socio-spatial inequality. …

Adjudicating Identity, Laura Lane-Steele

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Concurrent Measurements Of Inflow, Power Performance And Loads For A Grid-Synchronized Cross-Flow Turbine Operating In A Tidal Estuary, Patrick W. O'Byrne

Master's Theses and Capstones

The adaptation of sustainable fluid energy conversion technologies, such as wind or tidalenergy, requires numerical modeling tools that are able to accurately predict device performance and loading in an effort to reduce the costs of turbines, deployment platforms and mooring structures. To validate models, data sets from turbines operating in real flow environments are required. Particularly for tidal energy, data sets of inflow (tidal current resource), power performance (electrical power and shaft speed), and thrust loading for any scale device are rare because the work to date has largely been funded by private developers and the data is not made …

Benchmarking Ultra-High Molecular Weight Dna Preservation Methods For Long-Read And Long-Range Sequencing, Hollis A. Dahn, Jacquelyn Mountcastle, Jennifer Balacco, Sylke Winkler, Iliana Bista, Anthony D. Schmitt, Olga Vinnere Pettersson, Giulio Formenti, Karen Oliver, Michelle Smith, Wenhua Tan, Anne Kraus, Stephen Mac, Lisa M. Komoroske, Tanya Lama, Andrew J. Crawford, Robert W. Murphy, Samara Brown, Alan F. Scott, Phillip A. Morin, Erich D. Jarvis, Olivier Fedrigo

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: Studies in vertebrate genomics require sampling from a broad range of tissue types, taxa, and localities. Recent advancements in long-read and long-range genome sequencing have made it possible to produce high-quality chromosome-level genome assemblies for almost any organism. However, adequate tissue preservation for the requisite ultra-high molecular weight DNA (uHMW DNA) remains a major challenge. Here we present a comparative study of preservation methods for field and laboratory tissue sampling, across vertebrate classes and different tissue types. Results: We find that storage temperature was the strongest predictor of uHMW fragment lengths. While immediate flash-freezing remains the sample preservation gold …

Identification Of Volatile Organic Liquids By Combining An Array Of Fiber-Optic Sensors And Machine Learning, Wassana Naku, Anand K. Nambisan, Muhammad Roman, Chen Zhu, Rex E. Gerald, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In This Paper, We Report an Array of Fiber-Optic Sensors based on the Fabry-Perot Interference Principle and Machine Learning-Based Analyses for Identifying Volatile Organic Liquids (VOLs). Three Optical Fiber Tip Sensors with Different Surfaces Were Included in the Array of Sensors to Improve the Accuracy for Identifying Liquids: An Intrinsic (Unmodified) Flat Cleaved End face, a Hydrophobic-Coated End face, and a Hydrophilic-Coated End face. the Time-Transient Responses of Evaporating Droplets from the Optical Fiber Tip Sensors Were Monitored and Collected Following the Controlled Immersion Tests of 11 Different Organic Liquids. a Continuous Wavelet Transform Was Used to Convert the Time-Transient …

Decreasing Preoperative Anxiety In Cataract Patients, Virginia Baltz

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Several studies show that patients present with anxiety before surgical procedures. Preoperative anxiety may cause unwanted sympathetic nervous system (SNS) responses which can result in nervousness, anger, or sadness. Hypertension and tachycardia are often present, along with unwanted postoperative complications including increased pain perception and decreased patient satisfaction. Understanding that anxiety is both an emotional and physiological response, emphasizes the need to alleviate anxiety preoperatively (Aust et al., 2016). This Quality Improvement project aims to manage patient surgical expectations with cataract surgery through positive preoperative education. Patients were given written education and the opportunity to discuss the information before cataract …

Femininity As Disability In Sylvia Plath's The Bell Jar., Shae Kirkus, Monika Shehi Herr

University of South Carolina Upstate Student Research Journal

Disability studies is often associated with the treatment of people with physical disabilities, which are defined as features of non-normative human bodies. However, analyzed through the lens of the classical idea of the ideal body, which was first and foremost male, femininity itself is also atypical and therefore confines women to the realm of being disabled.

Sylvia Plath’s autobiographical novel The Bell Jar shows how the feminine is a disability in and of itself. As Plath’s main character and narrator, Esther Greenwood, spirals into her own madness, her condition is only worsened by societal reactions to her declining mental health. …

Psy 3628 : Psychology Of Sexual And Gender Diversity, Psychology

Approved Course Proposals

No abstract provided.