Digital Commons Network^™

Sociodemographic And Biological Factors Of Health Disparities Of Mothers And Their Very Low Birth-Weight Infants, June Cho, Lung-Chang Chien, Diane Holdtich-Davis

Nursing Faculty Research

Background: Black mothers and their very low birth-weight infants in the United States have increased risk of adverse neonatal and maternal health outcomes compared with White mothers and infants. Disparities in adverse birth outcomes associated with sociodemographic factors are difficult to quantify and modify, limiting their usefulness in assessing intervention effects. Purpose: To test hypotheses that (1) the biological factors of maternal testosterone and cortisol are associated with sociodemographic factors and (2) both factors are associated with neonatal health and maternal mental health and healthy behaviors between birth and 40 weeks' gestational age. Methods: We used a descriptive, longitudinal design. …

For He Who Gives Can Also Take, Samantha M. Kwan

Digressions: Literary & Art Journal

No abstract provided.

Locs Are More Than, Zoe Henry

Digressions: Literary & Art Journal

No abstract provided.

Corelates Of Legalism In A Global Sample Of Seventh-Day Adventists, Duane C. Mcbride, Alina M. Baltazar, Karl G. D. Bailey, Shannon M. Trecartin, David Trim

Adventist Human-Subject Researchers Association

The Seventh-day Adventist Church is often identified as a strict church (Iannaccone, 1994; Chen et al., 2019; McBride et al., 2020) in that it has specific dietary and behavioral requirements for joining and continued membership. These include abstinence from alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs as well as a strong emphasis on vegetarianism (McBride et al., 2020). This has resulted in longevity advantage for Adventists (Fraser et al., 2020). This focus on behavioral requirements have resulted in critics viewing Adventists as legalists (WELS, 2022). The purpose of this research is to examine the issue of legalism among Adventist Church members.

Lifestyle Factors Focused On Potential Antiviral And Immune-Enhancing Herbs And Spices Used Globally To Treat Covid-19, Padma P. Tadi Uppala

Adventist Human-Subject Researchers Association

The purpose of this study is to examine lifestyle factors used globally against the virus SARS CoV-2. Results indicate that lifestyle factors such consumption of herbs and spices, exercise, hydrothermal therapy and prayer that enhance the immune system, possibly play a significant role in controlling mortality rates from COVID-19.

A Classification System For Defining And Estimating Dietary Intake Of Live Microbes In Us Adults And Children, Maria L. Marco, Robert Hutkins, Colin Hill, Victor L. Fulgoni Iii, Christopher J. Cifelli, Jaime Gahche, Joanne L. Slavin, Daniel Merenstein, Daniel J. Tancredi, Mary E. Sanders

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Background:

Consuming livemicrobes in foods may benefit human health. Live microbe estimates have not previously been associated with individual foods in dietary databases.

Objectives:

We aimed to estimate intake of live microbes in US children (aged 2–18 y) and adults (≥19 y) (n = 74,466; 51.2% female).

Methods:

Using cross-sectional data from the NHANES (2001–2018), experts assigned foods an estimated level of live microbes per gram [low (Lo), <10⁴ CFU/g; medium (Med), 10⁴–10⁷ CFU/g; or high (Hi), >10⁷ CFU/g]. Probiotic dietary supplements were also assessed. The mean intake of each live microbe …

Impacts Of Artificial Light At Night (Alan) In Marine Ecosystems – A Review, Laura F.B. Marangoni, Thomas Davies, Tim Smyth, R Airam, Mark Hamann, Cristian Duarte, Kellie Pendoley, Jørgen Berge, Elena Maggi, Oren Levy

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

The globally widespread adoption of Artificial Light at Night (ALAN) began in the mid-20th century. Yet, it is only in the last decade that a renewed research focus has emerged into its impacts on ecological and biological processes in the marine environment that are guided by natural intensities, moon phase, natural light and dark cycles and daily light spectra alterations. The field has diversified rapidly from one restricted to impacts on a handful of vertebrates, to one in which impacts have been quantified across a broad array of marine and coastal habitats and species. Here, we review the current understanding …

A Sailor’S Disease Presenting In Urban America With Red Spots On The Legs, John A. Buchan, Bruce H. Gray

Cooper Rowan Medical Journal

Sailors were often affected by nutritional deficiencies due to the absence of fresh foods on long voyages. One example is the development of scurvy from a lack of vitamin C ingestion. In modern society in which fresh food are available this disease is infrequently recognized. The following case describes a 62-year-old male who presented with “red spots” on his legs and a large area of ecchymosis on his thigh. After initial testing failed to elicit a cause, a dietary history revealed that the patient had a peculiar diet of only ice cream with a total avoidance of fruits and vegetables. …

Testing The Ls/Cmi For Predictive Accuracy: Does Age Matter?, Sandra Stephanie Lawlor

Dissertations and Theses

The Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (LS/CMI) is one of the most widely used instruments for assessing recidivism risk and treatment needs in correctional settings. The predictive validity of the measure and its predecessor (LSI-R) has been established in meta-analytic studies and research finds that the scale's accuracy is largely independent of sex, race, and ethnicity. Whether the LS/CMI works equally well for different age groups remains in question. The current study assessed the predictive accuracy of the LS/CMI from a sample of 14,940 adults in custody (AIC) released from an Oregon prison between 2011 and 2017 for three age …

The Relationship Between Perceived Stress And Disordered Eating In Undergraduate Students During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Caroline G. Martin

Gettysburg College Headquarters

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected and imposed challenges on nearly everyone, including college students. Despite their already stressful situations, previous research has demonstrated increased stress levels among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, research has also shown an increase in disordered eating for college students during the pandemic. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between both perceived stress and disordered eating during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the present study used a correlational design to investigate a potential association between perceived stress and disordered eating among undergraduate college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. By administering the EAT-26, the CSSEC, …

Academic Senate - Agenda, 5/17/2022, Academic Senate

Academic Senate Agendas

No abstract provided.

Becky Landes, Becky Landes, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

Becky Landes is a current Food Service Director for Manchester Community Schools in Indiana. For over 20 years, Becky has been in Child Nutrition. She holds a Level 4 Certificate from the School Nutrition Association and is pursuing a Bachelor’s degree in Business Administration and Management. Becky is involved in Farm to School in Indiana. She has collaborated with the Indiana Department of Education, Indiana Grown for Schools, and various other stakeholders in procuring and serving local foods in schools. Becky likes to be involved in the many facets of Child Nutrition. She participates in and is a member of …

Sex Trafficking And Mental Health Treatments, Maria A. Georgescu

Student Theses

Currently there is no agreement amongst professionals on a specific approach for providing for victims of sex trafficking. A two-part study was conducted in order to screen mental health professionals who have experience providing for victims of sex trafficking to participate in a semi-structured qualitative interview. Through a grounded theory approach, light is shed on what mental health providers experienced with providing for victims of sex trafficking find effective.

The main findings highlight how being forced into sex trafficking young (under 18) is impactful for the course of treatment according to 100 % (n=6) of participants, meeting the patient where …

Interpretations Of Climate Change On Grazing Systems: The Comparison Of Arctic And Subarctic Carex, Iris Cato Harritt

Biological Sciences

Stresses imposed by climate change are altering arctic and subarctic ecosystem structure and function. On the Yukon-Kuskokwim River Delta (YKD) in subarctic western Alaska, Pacific Black Brant geese (Branta bernicla nigricans) are losing their available grazing lawns of shortstatured Carex subspathacea due to its conversion into a taller, less nutritious growth form. However, C. subspathacea on Alaska's Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) grows in extensive lawns that remain short even when ungrazed. Our goal was to compare the growth responses between arctic C. subspathacea and subarctic C. subspathacea when grown in arctic and subarctic conditions. We used reciprocal common gardens to …

Seeing The Forest Through The Trees: How Site Conditions Mediate White And Black Spruce Responses To Climate In Interior Alaska, E. Fleur Nicklen

Biological Sciences

The boreal forest provides essential ecosystem services and helps regulate global climate. With climate change occurring at a faster rate at high latitudes, including in the boreal forest biome, it is critical to understand how boreal forests are responding to these unprecedented changes. Despite much effort, uncertainty remains as to how boreal forest productivity has and will change with ongoing climate changes. Some of the uncertainty reflects the complex mosaic of regional climatic patterns, direct and indirect species-specific responses to regional climate, and heterogenous local site conditions that affect boreal forest productivity. I focused on the latter uncertainty: the potential …

Temporal Trend Of Opioid And Nonopioid Pain Medications: Results From A National In-Home Survey, 2001 To 2018, Yun Wang, Dan Wu, Alexandre Chan, Chih-Hung Chang, Vivian W Y Lee, Michael B Nichol

Open Access Publications

Introduction: The opioid epidemic persists in the United States. The use of opioid medications is often assessed by claims data but potentially underestimated.

Objectives: We evaluated the temporal trend in the use of opioid and nonopioid pain medications from a national survey.

Methods: Using data from the 2001 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we examined the current use of prescription analgesics in the past 30 days among 50,201 respondents aged 20 years or older. Joinpoint regressions were used to test statistically meaningful trends of opioid vs nonopioid analgesics.

Results: The mean percentage of people who had …

An Approach For Evaluating The Effects Of Dietary Fiber Polysaccharides On The Human Gut Microbiome And Plasma Proteome, Omar Delannoy-Bruno, Chandani Desai, Ruteja A Barve, Jiye Cheng, Nathan Han, Stacey Marion, Andrew C Heath, Michael J Barratt, Jeffrey I Gordon, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Increases in snack consumption associated with Westernized lifestyles provide an opportunity to introduce nutritious foods into poor diets. We describe two 10-wk-long open label, single group assignment human studies that measured the effects of two snack prototypes containing fiber preparations from two sustainable and scalable sources; the byproducts remaining after isolation of protein from the endosperm of peas and the vesicular pulp remaining after processing oranges for the manufacture of juices. The normal diets of study participants were supplemented with either a pea- or orange fiber-containing snack. We focused our analysis on quantifying the abundances of genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes …

The Health Impacts Of Nursing Shift Work, Amanda M. Shandor

Theses

This descriptive pilot study was intended to evaluate negative outcomes of shift work stress in nursing. Objective analysis of waist-hip-circumference ratios (WHR) and subjective survey reports were utilized to assess whether differences existed in expressed stress, stress related health disorders, and stress associated behaviors among day shift, night shift, and rotating shift registered nurses (RNs). Statistical analysis of the WHRs indicates that no statistical difference exists in the results from this study across the three nursing shifts.

Measuring Agricultural Competitiveness: The Case Of U.S. Rice Exports, Estela Barahona

LSU Master's Theses

The United States is known for being one of the world’s largest rice exporters. Rice from the United States is exported to more than 130 nations and territories on all continents. The world rice market accounts for around 50 percent of the U.S. rice yearly sales volume. Even though the U.S. produces less than 2 percent of global rice, exports are significant to its rice industry. Given the various factors that determine trade (e.g., production, distance, income, and trade agreements), theory suggests that the impact of factors on the U.S. agricultural trade will vary according to commodity and country. There …

Interaction Of Replacing Corn Silage With Soyhulls As A Roughage Source With Or Without 3% Added Wheat Straw In The Diet: Impacts On Intake, Digestibility, And Ruminal Fermentation In Steers Fed High-Concentrate Diets, Bryan W. Neville, Wayde J. Pickinpaugh, Lea J. Mittleider, Rebecca L. Moore, Kendall C. Swanson, Joel S. Caton

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Six ruminally cannulated steers [475.0 ± 49.6 kg initial body weight (BW)] were used in a 6 × 3 incomplete Latin square design (six treatments and three periods), to evaluate the impacts replacing of corn silage with pelleted soyhulls as roughage in high-concentrate finishing diets containing 30% modified distillers grains with solubles. Treatments were based on increasing dietary inclusion of soyhulls and consisted of: (1) Control (0), roughage supplied by dietary inclusion of 20% corn silage [dry matter (DM) basis]; (2) 50% replacement of corn silage with soyhulls (50); (3) 100% replacement of corn silage with soyhulls (100), and the …

Physics And Music Club, Lars Pedersen, Rohan Tatineni

Honors Program: Expanded Learning Clubs

The Physics and Music Club provides elementary students with a basic knowledge of music, instruments, the scientific method, and the physics of waves. Activities reinforce their learning, including an experiment of their choosing. These lesson plans detail the club's week-by-week composition.

Getting Out Of The Classroom And Into Nature: A Systematic Review Of Nature-Specific Outdoor Learning On School Children's Learning And Development, J Mann, T Gray, S Truong, E Brymer, Et Al

Plymouth Institute of Education

Background: The value of natural environments for developing children's self-identity and social skills has been known for some time, and more recently the potential of nature-specific (i.e., excluding built environments) outdoor learning for achieving academic outcomes has been explored. Connecting children with natural spaces has been shown to benefit their physical and mental health; however, the utility of nature-specific outdoor environments as a setting for curricular and non-curricular learning has yet to be clearly established. Our aim was to undertake a narrative synthesis of international evidence of nature-specific outdoor learning and its benefits for personal and social development, wellbeing and …

Herbicide Tolerance Options For Weed Control In Lanza® Tedera, Daniel Real, Harmohinder S. Dhammu, John H. Moore, David Clegg, Andrew Van Burgel

Grain and Other Field Crops Research Articles

Tedera is a drought-tolerant perennial forage legume introduced in Australia in 2006. In October 2018, T15-1218 Lanza®, the world’s first tedera variety, was released by the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development and Meat & Livestock Australia for commercial use. A key agronomic practise for the successful establishment and adoption of tedera is to have a robust herbicide package to control a range of grass and broadleaf weeds well tolerated by tedera. A total of 9 pre-emergent and 44 post-emergent herbicide treatments were evaluated in eight experiments from 2017 to 2021. To control grasses such as annual ryegrass ( …

John Dupre, John Dupre, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

John Dupre recently retired after 25 years as State Director of Nutrition Programs for the State of Louisiana.

Sierra Nevada Mixed-Conifer Regeneration Response To Repeated Burning Varies By Species, Carolina J. May

Biology ETDs

Fire-exclusion has acted as a major perturbation on dry conifer forests, increasing tree density and, in mixed-conifer forests, the dominance of shade-tolerant species. Restoration efforts aim to reverse these effects by reducing stand density, restoring relative proportions of tree species, and reintroducing recurrent fire, but the long-term effects of repeated burning on tree regeneration have not been quantified. We analyzed two decades of seedling and overstory data from the Teakettle Experimental Forest in the southern Sierra Nevada to determine how thinning and repeated burning affect seedling establishment and overstory recruitment. Across treatments, pine seedling densities remained much lower than shade-tolerant …

Urate-Lowering Therapy For Patients With Gout On Hemodialysis, Reem Alkilany, Douglas Einstadter, Maria Antonelli

Faculty Scholarship

Objective: Gout is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis and is caused by deposition of monosodium urate crystals resulting from a high burden of uric acid (UA). High UA burden also has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality in the general population and progression to chronic kidney disease. In persons with gout and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), prior studies suggest that UA levels decrease after initiation of hemodialysis (HD). We evaluated UA level and the use of urate-lowering therapies (ULTs) in patients with gout and ESRD on HD. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients with gout …

Celebrating Sustainability, Unh Communications And Public Affairs

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of A Circadian Rhythm And Sleep-Focused Mobile Health Intervention For The Prevention Of Accelerated Summer Weight Gain Among Elementary School-Age Children: Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Feasibility Study, Jennette P Moreno, Hafza Dadabhoy, Salma Musaad, Tom Baranowski, Debbe Thompson, Candice A Alfano, Stephanie J Crowley

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: The i♥rhythm project is a mobile health adaptation of interpersonal and social rhythm therapy designed to promote healthy sleep and behavioral rhythms among 5-8-year olds during summer for the prevention of accelerated summer weight gain.

Objective: This pilot study will examine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the i♥rhythm intervention. This will ensure that the research protocol and procedures work as desired and are acceptable to families in preparation for the fully powered randomized controlled trial. The proposed study will examine the willingness of participants to participate in the intervention and determine whether modifications to the intervention, procedures, …

Updates In The Pharmacologic Prophylaxis And Treatment Of Invasive Candidiasis In The Pediatric And Neonatal Intensive Care Units, James Hunter Fly, Seerat Kapoor, Kelly Bobo, Jeremy S. Stultz

Faculty Publications

Purpose of review The goal of this review was to provide an update on the prevention and treatment options for invasive candidiasis (IC) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Recent findings Studies have further validated the use of fluconazole for IC prophylaxis among high-risk patients in the NICU. It remains unclear if prophylaxis leads to resistance development and the ideal dosage regimen is still not clear. Recent studies have been published comparing caspofungin and micafungin to amphotericin B and illustrated similar efficacy outcomes in the NICU. Micafungin now has approval from the United …

Understanding Families'/Surrogate Decision Makers' Experience Of Decision Making For Critically Ill Patients In Saudi Arabia, Omaimah A. Qadhi

Dissertations

Critical illness not only affects patients, but also may negatively impact the families and people who are responsible to make decisions for those patients. Making decision can be challenging for people when it is for someone else who is critically ill. This study explores the decision-making experience for family or a surrogate decision maker for critically ill patients in Saudi Arabia. This project also tested the presence or absence of regret after making serious decisions about a medical treatment for another individual. Goal Attainment Theory was used to guide this study. The concepts of the Interpersonal Interacting Systems were used …