Digital Commons Network^™

Radial Collateral Ligament Injuries Of The Thumb Metacarpophalangeal Joint, Thomas W Mitchell, Scott A Mitchell, Chia Wu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Injuries to the radial collateral ligament (RCL) of the thumb are thought to be relatively uncommon, especially when compared to the ulnar collateral ligament. However, the radial collateral ligament is increasingly recognized as critical for the overall stability of the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint. This article sets out to provide a comprehensive review of RCL injuries of the thumb MCP joint, including epidemiology, biomechanics, diagnosis, and treatment.

RECENT FINDINGS: Although traditionally thought to respond well to conservative management, especially when compared to injuries to the ulnar collateral ligament, there is mounting evidence that chronic RCL injury leads to …

Cic Missense Variants Contribute To Susceptibility For Spina Bifida, Xiao Han, Xuanye Cao, Vanessa Aguiar-Pulido, Wei Yang, Menuka Karki, Paula Andrea Pimienta Ramirez, Robert M Cabrera, Ying Linda Lin, Bogdan J Wlodarczyk, Gary M Shaw, M Elizabeth Ross, Cuilian Zhang, Richard H Finnell, Yunping Lei

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are congenital malformations resulting from abnormal embryonic development of the brain, spine, or spinal column. The genetic etiology of human NTDs remains poorly understood despite intensive investigation. CIC, homolog of the Capicua transcription repressor, has been reported to interact with ataxin-1 (ATXN1) and participate in the pathogenesis of spinocerebellar ataxia type 1. Our previous study demonstrated that CIC loss of function (LoF) variants contributed to the cerebral folate deficiency syndrome by downregulating folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) expression. Given the importance of folate transport in neural tube formation, we hypothesized that CIC variants could contribute to increased …

"Keep To The Code”: A Global Code Of Conduct For Third-Party Funders, Victoria Sahani

Faculty Scholarship

Global commercial third-party funding has given rise to wide-ranging regulatory approaches worldwide. Consequently, funders can engage in cross-border regulatory arbitrage by exploiting regulatory gaps within and among nations. This Article argues that the global community of nations should articulate a universal approach to the behavioral expectations of third-party funders operating transnationally, independent of local laws regarding the technical business of funding. It asserts that the key to fostering the ethical development of the third-party funding industry is to develop a globally applicable but locally enforced code of conduct or professional responsibility for the industry. Moreover, a successful regime for funder …

Unravelling The Productivity Rate Of Selective Media For Brucella Strains, Mustafa Sencer Karagul, Serkan Ikiz

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study is to reveal the productivity rate of selective media for Brucella strains. Brucella selective media namely Farrell’s medium, CITA, Modified Thayer-Martin, Jones-Morgan medium and one additional medium including erythritol and antibiotics were compared within the scope of productivity rate and colony growth in time. The comparison was carried out using 14 strains including Brucella abortus biovars, S19 vaccine strain, Brucella suis biovars and Brucella ovis. Erythritol addition showed a positive effect on colony growth in time. In addition to differences between the productivity rates of the media; there was also some variation in the colony …

Incidence Of An Insulin-Requiring Hyperglycemic Syndrome In Sars-Cov-2-Infected Young Individuals: Is It Type 1 Diabetes?, Massimo Pietropaolo, Peter Hotez, Nick Giannoukakis

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Pancreatic ACE2 receptor expression, together with increased prevalence of insulin-requiring hyperglycemia in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), suggested that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pancreatic infection might trigger a β-cell-selective inflammation precipitating autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D). We examined T1D incidence in patients with COVID-19 inside a large, global population using a "big data" approach. The incidence in 0-30-year-old patients with confirmed COVID-19 over an ∼15-month period from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic was compared with an age-matched population without COVID-19 inside the TriNetX COVID-19 Research Network (>80 million deidentified patient electronic medical records globally). …

Development Of Myelinating Glia: An Overview, Carlo D Cristobal, Hyun Kyoung Lee

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Myelin is essential to nervous system function, playing roles in saltatory conduction and trophic support. Oligodendrocytes (OLs) and Schwann cells (SCs) form myelin in the central and peripheral nervous systems respectively and follow different developmental paths. OLs are neural stem-cell derived and follow an intrinsic developmental program resulting in a largely irreversible differentiation state. During embryonic development, OL precursor cells (OPCs) are produced in distinct waves originating from different locations in the central nervous system, with a subset developing into myelinating OLs. OPCs remain evenly distributed throughout life, providing a population of responsive, multifunctional cells with the capacity to remyelinate …

Nosocomial Outbreak Of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus Faecium (Vre) St796, Switzerland, 2017 To 2020, Vanja Piezzi, Nasstasja Wassilew, Andrew Atkinson, Stéphanie D'Incau, Tanja Kaspar, Helena Mb Seth-Smith, Carlo Casanova, Pascal Bittel, Philipp Jent, Rami Sommerstein, Niccolò Buetti, Jonas Marschall

2020-Current year OA Pubs

A large clonal outbreak caused by vancomycin-resistant

A Statistical Analysis Of Sporadic-E Characteristics Associated With Gnss Radio Occultation Phase And Amplitude Scintillations, Daniel J. Emmons, Dong L. Wu, Nimalan Swarnalingam

Faculty Publications

Statistical GNSS-RO measurements of phase and amplitude scintillation are analyzed at the mid-latitudes in the local summer for a 100 km altitude. These conditions are known to contain frequent sporadic-E, and the S4-σ_ϕ trends provide insight into the statistical distributions of the sporadic-E parameters. Joint two-dimensional S4-σ_ϕ histograms are presented, showing roughly linear trends until the S4 saturates near 0.8. To interpret the measurements and understand the sporadic-E contributions, 10,000 simulations of RO signals perturbed by sporadic-E layers are performed using length, intensity, and vertical thickness distributions from previous studies, with the assumption that the sporadic-E layer acts …

Optimizing Disaster Preparedness Planning For Minority Older Adults: One Size Does Not Fit All, Omolola E. Adepoju, Luz E. Herrera, Minji Chae, Daikwon Han

Faculty Scholarship

By 2050, one in five Americans will be 65 years and older. The growing proportion of older adults in the U.S. population has implications for many aspects of health including disaster preparedness. This study assessed correlates of disaster preparedness among community-dwelling minority older adults and explored unique differences for African American and Hispanic older adults. An electronic survey was disseminated to older minority adults 55+, between November 2020 and January 2021 (n = 522). An empirical framework was used to contextualize 12 disaster-related activities into survival and planning actions. Multivariate logistic regression models were stratified by race/ethnicity to examine the …

Controversies In Spine Research: Organ Culture Versus In Vivo Models For Studies Of The Intervertebral Disc, Shirley N Tang, Andres F Bonilla, Nadeen O Chahine, Aimee C Colbath, Jeremiah T Easley, Sibylle Grad, Lisbet Haglund, Christine L Le Maitre, Victor Leung, Annette M Mccoy, Devina Purmessur, Simon Y Tang, Stephan Zeiter, Lachlan J Smith

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Intervertebral disc degeneration is a common cause of low back pain, the leading cause of disability worldwide. Appropriate preclinical models for intervertebral disc research are essential to achieving a better understanding of underlying pathophysiology and for the development, evaluation, and translation of more effective treatments. To this end, in vivo animal and ex vivo organ culture models are both widely used by spine researchers; however, the relative strengths and weaknesses of these two approaches are a source of ongoing controversy. In this article, members from the Spine and Preclinical Models Sections of the Orthopedic Research Society, including experts in both …

Implementing Educational And Systems-Level Changes To Improve Cancer Screening Rates Among State Employees In Missouri, Misty A Phillips, Sarah Chavez, Maggie Grotefendt, Xarria Lewis, Melanie Gowdy, Jane A Mcelroy, Jean S Wang, Sandra Hentges

2020-Current year OA Pubs

As of 2022, only 51% of active eligible state employees in Missouri have been screened for colorectal cancer and 67% for breast cancer, despite having state-sponsored health insurance. In fall 2020, the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services Comprehensive Cancer Program partnered with the Missouri Cancer Consortium to create a strategy to improve cancer screening rates among state employees. The project was designed to include 3 phases: 1) a colorectal cancer education phase, 2) an expanded education phase that included additional cancers, and 3) a proposed intervention phase that will include screening events. In the first phase, in 2020, …

December 1, 2022, James Madison University

The Breeze, 2020-

The Breeze is the student newspaper of James Madison University in Harrisonburg, Virginia.

Acid Attacks: An Overview Of Legal Measures And Motivation Trends In India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Colombia, And Cambodia, Gaia Calcini

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

Vitriolage is a form of widespread violence around the world. This research analyzed legislative measures against the practice adopted by India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Colombia, and Cambodia. The strengths and weaknesses of the different legal systems were examined. Motivational trends on why the violence was committed were reviewed in the literature in these countries. It was found that acid attacks are a form of gender-based violence. Countries where the measures were adopted to prevent attacks but failed to achieve the goal did not consider the attacks as a part of a broader problem. The only country that seems to have achieved …

Automated Government For Vulnerable Citizens: Intermediating Rights, Sofia Ranchordás, Luisa Scarcella

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

Filing tax returns or applying for unemployment benefits are some of the most common government transactions. Yet interacting with tax and social security authorities is for many a source of government anxiety. Bureaucracy, regulatory delays, and the complexity of the administrative legal system have been regarded for decades as the key reasons for this problem. Digital government promised a solution in the shape of simplified forms, electronic filing, and better communication with citizens. In the United States, privately developed software systems such as TurboTax and MiDAS emerged as intermediaries between citizens and digital government, selling convenience and efficiency. These systems …

The Trump Clemencies: Celebrities, Chaos, And Lost Opportunity, Mark Osler

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

The presidency of Donald Trump may have produced the most chaotic use of the constitutional pardon power in American history. Trump granted clemency to war criminals, to close friends, to celebrities, and to the friends of celebrities, with much of it coming in a mad rush at the end of his single term. Buried beneath this rolling disaster was a brief moment of hope and a lost opportunity: the chance for a restructure of the clemency process in the fall of 2018, enabled by a rare alignment of factors, including Trump’s alienation from the Department of Justice. This Article will …

Debiasing Criminal Justice, Sandra Guerra Thompson, Nicole Bremner Cásarez

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

The killing of George Floyd by police officers in Minnesota inspired a summer of protests in 2020, followed by a call for racial reckoning and a professed commitment to reform criminal justice. Many have condemned the “systemic racism” reflected in countless demographic measures. From killings of unarmed men by the police at the front end of the criminal justice system to incarceration rates at the back end, the statistics show stark disparities along racial lines. These disparities are held up as evidence of racial bias in the system.

Statements about racial bias may be intended as an indictment of a …

Indoctrination By Elimination: Why Banning Critical Race Theory In Public Schools Is Unconstitutional, Emma Postel

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

This Note argues that Texas public school students’ First Amendment Rights have been violated by the passage of Senate Bill 3 (SB 3), which bans the teaching of Critical Race Theory (CRT) in K–12 public schools. The First Amendment is violated here because (1) students have a First Amendment right to speech, and this law bans protected speech; (2) students have a right to receive information, and this ban prevents them from receiving information; and (3) schools are meant to be the marketplace of ideas for students and banning CRT amounts to unconstitutional viewpoint discrimination. This Note does not suggest …

Fabrication Of Solar Absorber Tube With Internal Fin Structure With In718 And Effect Of Boron With In718 For Solar Absorber Tube Using Selective Laser Melting 3d Printing Technology, Naznin Nuria Afrin

Theses and Dissertations

This research aimed to fabricate Solar Absorber Tubes for Solar-Thermal Power Plant with internal fin structures using Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology. In this study, we investigated the effect of B with IN718 in 3D printing using SLM for solar absorber tubes. The objective was to study the material-process-properties relationship with goal to identify and validate the optimal parameters for the SLM process. Material selected for this study was IN718 with 0.5% and 1% B particle mixed using a V-shape mixing machine. The flowability test was conducted using the Angle of Repose (AOR) method. 3D printed samples …

Wildlife Road Mortality Patterns In South Texas And Survey Methodology Improvement, Bradley E. Beer

Theses and Dissertations

Mortalities of wildlife caused by collisions with vehicles along roads are increasing in prevalence, threatening the existence of various species and populations. A better understanding of how mortalities change in response to natural and anthropogenic variables and efficient methods of obtaining mortality data are essential to mitigating such mortalities. This thesis investigates several key elements to improving road mortality surveys in south Texas. First, it was found that road mortality survey counts did not change under a pandemic-related lockdown and that 2 mortality survey observers detect more mortalities than 1. Analysis of brown pelican groundings on Texas State Highway 48 …

My Journey As An Elementary Science Teacher: From Linear To Authentic, Johanna Lynn Esparza

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this dissertation is to provide a personalized narrative of one science teacher’s use of reflexive teaching as an agent of change. This dissertation is about a journey of change in instruction fostered by a change of identity as a science teacher, using the butterfly cycle as a metaphor. This dissertation narrates the identity evolution of the teacher. This study has relevance because the process utilized by the teacher provides a method of self-examination and identity construction for other elementary science classroom teachers who want to improve their science practices. This study also has relevance because it describes …

A World Without Prosecutors, Jeffrey Bellin

Faculty Publications

Bennett Capers’ article Against Prosecutors challenges us to imagine a world where we “turn away from prosecution as we know it,” and shift “power from prosecutors to the people they purport to represent.”

[...]

Capers joins a long line of authors seeking to attack mass incarceration by reducing the role of prosecutors. I agree with these authors that we should dramatically shrink the footprint of American criminal law and ending the war on drugs is a good place to start. But while Capers styles his proposal as a “[r]adical change,” I find the focus on prosecutors in this context decidedly …

A Tokenized Future: Regulatory Lessons From Crowdfunding And Standard Form Contracts, Darian M. Ibrahim

Faculty Publications

This Article examines the world of risk investing in the cryptoeconomy. The broader crypto market is booming despite the latest downturn. People and institutions are buying in. The question is now how to regulate it.

This Article first tackles the question of whether coins, tokens, and other investable cryptoassets are securities. Second, for those cryptoassets that are not securities, this Article seeks to find a regulatory solution that balances promoting innovation with investor protection, just as the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) would do. To strike the right balance, this Article adopts a proposal by Ian Ayres and Alan Schwartz …

Anxiety Disorders In Children And Adolescents, Alicia Kowalchuk, Sandra J Gonzalez, Roger J Zoorob

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric conditions in children and adolescents, affecting nearly 1 in 12 children and 1 in 4 adolescents. Anxiety disorders include specific phobias, social anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, agoraphobia, panic disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder. Risk factors include parental history of anxiety disorders, socioeconomic stressors, exposure to violence, and trauma. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends screening for anxiety disorders in children eight years and older; there is insufficient evidence to support screening in children younger than eight years. Symptoms of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents are similar to those in adults …

Metal Transfer To Sediments, Invertebrates And Fish Following Waterborne Exposure To Silver Nitrate Or Silver Sulfide Nanoparticles In An Indoor Stream Mesocosm, Nathaniel Clark, Joanne Vassallo, Pv Silva, Arr Silva, Marta Baccaro, Neja Medvešček, Magdalena Grgić, Abel Ferreira, Martí Busquets-Fité, Kerstin Jurkschat, Anastasios G. Papadiamantis, Victor Puntes, Iseult Lynch, Claus Svendsen, Den Brink Nw Van, Gestel Cam Van, Susana Loureiro, Richard D. Handy

School of Health Professions

No abstract provided.

The Genesis Of The Language Of Arab Youth In The Modern Era/ نشأة لغة الشباب العربي في العصر الحديث, Hamilah Hasan, Febrian Nafisah Nurul Afida

Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language

The purpose of writing this journal is to find out the language of young people in modern times, which is influenced by the Arabic language Fusha and Amiyah which are used as the language of the native Arabic. The language user is also influenced by Fu

Developing The Go Uno Game For Teaching Arabic Speaking Skill/ تطوير لعبة Go Uno لتعليم مهارة الكلام, Lutfi Ulfah Faridah

Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language

The purpose of this development research is to produce a product in the form of a GO UNO card game for learning Arabic speaking skills and to describe the feasibility of the product as a result of development. This type of research is development resea

Dahlia Cut Flower Production In Utah, Melanie Stock, Amanda Pratt, Claudia Nischwitz, Eli Oliver, Katie Wagner, Nick Volesky

All Current Publications

Dahlias are tuberous, herbaceous plants that are frost sensitive and therefore grown as a warm-season annual for cut flower production in Utah. Dahlias bloom in summer to fall, with peak production in late summer to early fall, and the season ending with first frost. Plants benefit from pinching to encourage branching and horizontal trellising or staking to promote straight stems and avoid toppling. High tunnels or extended low tunnels with shade, as well as optimum nitrogen and irrigation rates, improve production. As showstoppers in arrangements, dahlia cut flowers are highly desired on local markets and profitable to produce, particularly those …

Hydro-Geotechnical Rock Scour Assessment At Petit-Saut Dam, Seven E. Pells, Fanar Al-Qassab, Felicia Weir, Anaïs Faivre, Thierry Leturcq, Benoit Blancher

Protections Conference

This paper presents a recommended design procedure for assessment of rock scour which is illustrated for the case study of Petit-Saut Dam in French Guiana. The methodology, referred to as a “hydro-geotechnical scour assessment”, promotes a multi-discipline approach, applying expertise in both rock mechanics and hydraulics, and guides the diagnosis of scour and response to risk by application of currently available scour assessment techniques.

Proposed Alternatives To Decrease Private Tutoring In Egyptian Pre-University Education, Fatemah Abdel-Razek

Future Journal of Social Science

Private tutoring continues to exist in Egypt, even though it has been officially banned by the 2016 ministerial decree No. 53 and the 2018 ministerial decree No. 714. The current research reviews the relevant literature, provides a background on private tutoring, analyzes the current policy for dealing with private tutoring in Egypt, and it proposes three policy alternatives for decreasing private tutoring in Egyptian pre-university education. These alternatives are turning most educational curricula into educational games, lengthening the school day, and returning extra-curricular activities to Egyptian schools. These policy options are evaluated based on the criteria of equity and fairness, …

The Impact Of Ethnic Groups On National Security, Seham Fawzi

Future Journal of Social Science

Ethnic diversity in and of itself does not negatively affect national security. The threat it imposes to national security is a result of many factors combined with political opportunity that fundamental changes occurring in the political system exploited by ethnic and sectarian groups trying to change the political system to their advantage. Many factors such as political, historical, economic, social, cultural, environmental, and psychological factors may lead ethnic groups to rebel and impose threats to the national states of any country especially developing countries.