Digital Commons Network^™

Thou Shalt Not Take Thy Lord’S Name In Vein: Vaccine Mandates & Religious Objectors, Stephen Moran

Seton Hall Journal of Legislation and Public Policy

No abstract provided.

Minnesota Cottage Food Industry: Insights From Extension Food Safety Education, Morrine Omolo, Regina Mcgoff, Suzanne Driessen, Katherine Brandt, Joanne Slavin, Michael Schmitt

Journal of Extension

The cottage food industry has become a significant part of the food supply in Minnesota, most likely as a result of the growing consumer demand for locally produced, minimally processed and value-added foods. Using post-training evaluations, we characterized the cottage food producers in Minnesota and assessed the impact of our food safety course. The results showed that the producers are mostly white women (71%), producing and selling a variety of products. The learners gained knowledge to safely produce and handle homemade food products for direct sale to consumers. Majority (80%) of the learners were satisfied with the course.

Gastrointestinal Microbiome Disruption And Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea In Children Receiving Antibiotic Therapy For Community-Acquired Pneumonia, Jiye Kwon, Yong Kong, Martina Wade, Derek J Williams, Clarence Buddy Creech, Scott Evans, Emmanuel B Walter, Judy M Martin, Jeffrey S Gerber, Jason G Newland, Meghan E Hofto, Mary Allen Staat, Henry F Chambers, Vance G Fowler, W Charles Huskins, Melinda M Pettigrew

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a common side effect of antibiotics. We examined the gastrointestinal microbiota in children treated with β-lactams for community-acquired pneumonia. Data were from 66 children (n = 198 samples), aged 6-71 months, enrolled in the SCOUT-CAP trial (NCT02891915). AAD was defined as ≥1 day of diarrhea. Stool samples were collected on study days 1, 6-10, and 19-25. Samples were analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing to identify associations between patient characteristics, microbiota characteristics, and AAD (yes/no). Nineteen (29%) children developed AAD. Microbiota compositional profiles differed between AAD groups (permutational multivariate analysis of variance, P < .03) and across visits (P < .001). Children with higher baseline relative abundances of 2 Bacteroides species were less likely to experience AAD. Higher baseline abundance of Lachnospiraceae and amino acid biosynthesis pathways were associated with AAD. Children in the AAD group experienced prolonged dysbiosis (P < .05). Specific gastrointestinal microbiota profiles are associated with AAD in children.

High Prevalence Of Chronic Viral Hepatitis B And C In Minnesota Somalis Contributes To Rising Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence, Essa A Mohamed, Joyce E Balls-Berry, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are known risk factors for liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There is substantial global variation in HBV and HCV prevalence resulting in variations in cirrhosis and HCC. We previously reported high prevalence of HBV and HCV infections in Somali immigrants seen at an academic medical center in Minnesota.

AIM: To determine the prevalence of chronic viral hepatitis in Somali immigrants in Minnesota through a community-based screening program.

METHODS: We conducted a prospective community-based participatory research study in the Somali community in Minnesota in partnership with community …

The Presence Of Silver Nanoparticles Reduces Demand For Dissolved Phosphorus To The Benefit Of Biological Nitrogen Fixation In The Coastal Eastern Mediterranean Sea, Ap Rees, E Faraggiana, K Tait, M Celussi, E Dafnomilli, V Manna, A Manning, P Pitta, A Tsiola, S Živanović

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

The release of silver into the marine environment is of growing concern as its impact on marine life is not fully understood. Despite previous experiments that have shown toxic effects of silver as nanoparticles (AgNPs) and as free ions (Ag+) on microbial organisms, the impact on important biogeochemical processes, such as marine nitrogen fixation, remains relatively unexplored. The present study investigated the impact of AgNPs and Ag+ on nitrogen fixation activity in oligotrophic coastal ecosystems. Nine mesocosm enclosures were set-up in Crete, Greece, for twelve days during May 2019. Three mesocosms were left unamended at ambient light and temperature; three …

2022-09-20_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/stats/coronavirus-symptoms. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated twice a week on Mondays and Thursdays.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 216 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (139 Emergency Departments (ED), 77 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, …

The Relationships Between Social Media And Human Papillomavirus Awareness And Knowledge: Cross-Sectional Study, Soojung Jo, Keenan A. Pituch, Nancy Howe

School of Nursing Faculty Publications

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection. HPV can infect both females and males, and it can cause many cancers, including anal, cervical, vaginal, vulvar, and penile cancers. HPV vaccination rates are lower than vaccination rates within other national vaccination programs, despite its importance. Research literature indicates that people obtain health-related information from internet sources and social media; however, the association between such health-seeking behavior on social media and HPV-related behaviors has not been consistently demonstrated in the literature. Objective: This study aims to examine the association between social media usage and HPV knowledge and HPV …

Independent - Sep. 20, 2022, Monty Stites

The Independent (1988-present)

No abstract provided.

Kshv (Hhv8) Vaccine: Promises And Potential Pitfalls For A New Anti-Cancer Vaccine, Corey Casper, Lawrence Corey, Jeffrey I. Cohen, Blossom Damania, Anne A. Gershon, David C. Kaslow, Laurie T. Krug, Jeffrey Martin, Sam M. Mbulaiteye, Edward S. Mocarski, Patrick S. Moore, Javier Gordon Ogembo, Warren Phipps, Denise Whitby, Charles Wood

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Seven viruses cause at least 15% of the total cancer burden. Viral cancers have been described as the “low-hanging fruit” that can be potentially prevented or treated by new vaccines that would alter the course of global human cancer. Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV or HHV8) is the sole cause of Kaposi sarcoma, which primarily afflicts resource-poor and socially marginalized populations. This review summarizes a recent NIH-sponsored workshop’s findings on the epidemiology and biology of KSHV as an overlooked but potentially vaccine-preventable infection. The unique epidemiology of this virus provides opportunities to prevent its cancers if an effective, inexpensive, and well-tolerated …

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 137), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Effect Of The Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympic Games On Covid-19 Incidence In Japan: A Synthetic Control Approach, Daisuke Yoneoka, Akifumi Eguchi, Kentato Fukumoto, Takayuki Kawashima, Yuta Tanoue, Takahiro Tabuchi, Hiroaki Miyata, Cyrus Ghaznavi, Kenji Shibuya, Shuhei Nomura

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympic Games (23 July-8 August 2021) were held in the middle of Japan's fifth wave of COVID-19, when the number of cases was on the rise, and coincided with the fourth state of emergency implemented by the host city, Tokyo.

AIM: This study aimed to assess whether the hosting of the Games was associated with a change in the number of COVID-19 cases in Japan using a synthetic control method.

METHODS: A weighted average of control countries with a variety of predictors was used to estimate the counterfactual trajectory of daily COVID-19 cases per 1 …

Exploring The Relationships Between South Texas Northern Bobwhite Populations And Cecal Worms Via System Dynamics, Nicole J. Traub, Benjamin L. Turner, Leonard A. Brennan, Alan M. Fedynich

National Quail Symposium Proceedings

Community ecology historically focused on plants and free-living organisms; however, problems such as defining habitat boundaries and obtaining adequate sample sizes arise when evaluating such communities. The unique nature of host-helminth systems allows parasite community ecologists to avoid these problems when testing ecological hypotheses. Unlike free-living communities that have artificially constructed boundaries, parasite communities have well-defined unambiguous boundaries within host individuals. Due to the inherently complex and dynamic nature of ecological systems, traditional experimental methods often require expensive, long-term trials beyond investigators’ time and resource budgets. Conversely, a system dynamics approach facilitates learning about such systems via simulation of ecosystem …

Wong Selected As 2022 Investigator In The Pathogenesis Of Infectious Disease Award Recipient, Adam Pope

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

A Study Of Multiple Sclerosis, Christine Chen

The Cardinal Edge

No abstract provided.

Incident Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection In A High School Population, Jacques M. Nsuami, Wato Nsa, Catherine L. Cammarata, David H. Martin, Stephanie N. Taylor

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Prospective cohort studies of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are logistically impractical owing to time and expenses. In schools, students are readily available for school-related follow-ups and monitoring. Capitalizing on the logistics that society already commits to ensure regular attendance of adolescents in school, a school-based STI screening in New Orleans made it possible to naturally observe the occurrence of chlamydia and to determine its incidence among 14–19-year-old adolescents. Among participants screened repeatedly, we calculated incidence rates, cumulative incidence, and incidence times. Male (n = 3820) and female (n = 3501) students were observed for 6251 and 5143 person-years, respectively, during …

Effect Of Selected Essential Oils Against Zoonoses And Their Epidemiological Survey Among Domestic Rodents In Egypt, Walaa S. Nasser, Micheal William Mikhail, Marwa Yousry Issa, Essam Abdel-Sattar

Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University

A cross-sectional seroprevalence survey of certain pathogenic zoonses in domestic rodents from Abou El Noumorus district, Egypt, was conducted. In addition, antimicrobial of selected essential oils (EOs) was performed and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was measured. The overall prevalence of antibodies against tested organisms was determined. MIC of the tested EOs showed a promising result. This study provides a serological evidence about the occurrence of these bacteria among domestic rodents. This information is helpful for determining strategies for rat zoonotic diseases prevention and control. Also, it highlighted the effect of certain EOs against the isolated zoonotic pathogens.

2022 September 16 - Board Of Trustees Agenda And Minutes, Board Of Trustees, East Tennessee State University

Board of Trustees Agendas and Minutes

No abstract provided.

2022 September 16 - Board Of Trustees Academic, Research, And Student Success Committee Agenda And Minutes, Board Of Trustees, East Tennessee State University

Board of Trustees Agendas and Minutes

No abstract provided.

Serologic Versus Molecular Testing For Screening For Hepatitis C Virus Infection In Patients With Hematologic Malignancies, Harrys A Torres, Georgios Angelidakis, Ying Jiang, Minas Economides, Khalis Mustafayev, Marcel Yibirin, Robert Orlowski, Richard Champlin, Srdan Verstovsek, Issam Raad

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Testing for antibody against hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) is a low-cost diagnostic method worldwide; however, an optimal screening test for HCV in patients with cancer has not been established. We sought to identify an appropriate screening test for HCV infection in patients with hematologic malignancies and/or hematopoietic cell transplants (HCT). Patients in our center were simultaneously screened using serological (anti-HCV) and molecular (HCV RNA) assays (February 2019-November 2019). In total, 214 patients were enrolled in this study. Three patients (1.4%) were positive for anti-HCV, and 2 (0.9%) were positive for HCV RNA. The overall percentage agreement was 99.5% (95% CI: …

Multicenter Collaborative Study Of The Interaction Of Antifungal Combinations Against Browzine Journal Cover Candida Spp By Loewe Additivity And Bliss Independence-Based Response Surface Analysis, Joseph Meletiadis, David R Andes, Shawn R Lockhart, Mahmoud A Ghannoum, Cindy C Knapp, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner, Michael A Pfaller, Vishnu Chaturvedi, Thomas J Walsh

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Combination antifungal therapy is widely used but not well understood. We analyzed the spectrophotometric readings from a multicenter study conducted by the New York State Department of Health to further characterize the in vitro interactions of the major classes of antifungal agents against Candida spp. Loewe additivity-based fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICi) analysis and Bliss independence-based response surface (BIRS) analysis were used to analyze two-drug inter- and intraclass combinations of triazoles (AZO) (voriconazole, posaconazole), echinocandins (ECH) (caspofungin, micafungin, anidulafungin), and a polyene (amphotericin B) against Candida albicans, C. parapsilosis, and C. glabrata. Although mean FIC indices did not differ statistically …

Data Exclusivity With Regard To Clinical Data, Animesh Sharma

Indian Journal of Law and Technology

Intellectual property rights have evolved over the years with the intention of protecting novelty and innovation of ideas while creating a competitive market, at both a local and global level. The strongest tools to achieve this end have arguably been patents – protecting inventions that are novel, non-obvious and demonstrate utility. Most countries give a protection term of twenty years from the date of filing a valid submission. In the field of pharmaceuticals, foods and agrochemicals, marketing of products requires statutory clearances from the appropriate national regulatory bodies, in order to ensure that the products satisfy certain minimum criteria of …

Vol.50 N.08 September 15th 2022, Voice Media Ventures

Black Voice News

No abstract provided.

Comparing The Evidence From Observational Studies And Randomized Controlled Trials For Nonskeletal Health Effects Of Vitamin D, William B. Grant, Barbara J. Boucher, Fatme Al Anouti, Stefan Pilz

All Works

Although observational studies of health outcomes generally suggest beneficial effects with, or following, higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have generally not supported those findings. Here we review results from observational studies and RCTs regarding how vitamin D status affects several nonskeletal health outcomes, including Alzheimer's disease and dementia, autoimmune diseases, cancers, cardiovascular disease, COVID-19, major depressive disorder, type 2 diabetes, arterial hypertension, all-cause mortality, respiratory tract infections, and pregnancy outcomes. We also consider relevant findings from ecological, Mendelian randomization, and mechanistic studies. Although clear discrepancies exist between findings of observational studies and RCTs on vitamin …

Mochi: A Comprehensive Cross-Platform Tool For Amplicon-Based Microbiota Analysis, Jun-Jie Zheng, Po-Wen Wang, Tzu-Wen Huang, Yao-Jong Yang, Hua-Sheng Chiu, Pavel Sumazin, Ting-Wen Chen

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Motivation: Microbiota analyses have important implications for health and science. These analyses make use of 16S/18S rRNA gene sequencing to identify taxa and predict species diversity. However, most available tools for analyzing microbiota data require adept programming skills and in-depth statistical knowledge for proper implementation. While long-read amplicon sequencing can lead to more accurate taxa predictions and is quickly becoming more common, practitioners have no easily accessible tools with which to perform their analyses.

Results: We present MOCHI, a GUI tool for microbiota amplicon sequencing analysis. MOCHI preprocesses sequences, assigns taxonomy, identifies different abundant species and predicts species diversity and …

Piloting A Systems Level Intervention To Improve Cervical Cancer Screening, Treatment And Follow Up In Kenya., Natabhona M. Mabachi, Catherine Wexler, Harshdeep Acharya, May Maloba, Kevin Oyowe, Kathy Goggin, Sarah Finocchario-Kessler

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Although preventable, Cervical Cancer (CC) is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women in Sub-Saharan Africa with the highest incidence in East Africa. Kenyan guidelines recommend an immediate screen and treat approach using either Pap smear or visual screening methods. However, system (e.g., inadequate infrastructure, weak treatment, referral and tracking systems) and patient (e.g., stigma, limited accessibility, finance) barriers to comprehensive country wide screening continue to exist creating gaps in the pathways of care. These gaps result in low rates of eligible women being screened for CC and a high loss to follow up rate for treatment. The long-term …

Analysis Of An Seir Model With The Vertical Transmission On Transmission And Spread Of Hepatitis B In Ghana, Kwaafo Akoto Awuah-Mensah, Ute Mueller, Steven Richardson

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Lack of good quality information about hepatitis B (HB) is a major hindrance to policy direction and comprehensive implementation of interventions to prevent and control the disease in the endemic region of Sub- Saharan Africa (SSA), particularly Ghana. A SEIR deterministic compartmental model which incorporates latent period and vertical transmission, and applied to HB incidence data was used to examine the transmission and spread of HB in order to inform policy decision on prevention and control of the disease in a population. The model parameters were estimated by a unique hybrid optimisation method involving Genetic Algorithm and Levenberg Marquardt Algorithm …

Where Have All The Flowers Gone? A Multicenter Investigation Of Frequent Users Of Midwest Emergency Department Services During The Covid-19 Stay-At-Home Orders., Howard W Levitin, Bruce G Jones, Marie M Lockhart, Christopher M Lloyd, Meenal D Sharkey, Paul A Willette, Andrew F Kalnow

Ambulatory and Primary Care Articles

INTRODUCTION: In this study we aimed to determine the impact of the mandatory coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic stay-at-home order on the proportional makeup of emergency department (ED) visits by frequent users and super users.

METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of existing data using a multisite review of the medical records of 280,053 patients to measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic stay-at-home order on ED visits. The primary outcomes included analysis before and during the lockdown in determining ED use and unique characteristics of non-frequent, frequent, and super users of emergency services.

RESULTS: During the mandatory COVID-19 stay-at-home …

Spatial Variation Of The Population With Tuberculosis In Najaf ‎Governorate, Hoda Hadi Ali, Jawad Kazem

Alustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences

Tuberculosis is an epidemic infectious disease, so it is necessary to follow the guidelines issued by the World Health Organization, which is one of the goals of countries, and it is a disease that affects the respiratory system and the rest of the body. (2) As for the environment, the highest percentage was reached in the countryside (183) and urban (136) at the governorate level, while the percentage of males was higher than the percentage of females. Females prefer administrative work on the one hand, and spend a number of them at home, which reduces the injury. As for the …

Ridinilazole: A Novel, Narrow-Spectrum Antimicrobial Agent Targeting Clostridium (Clostridioides) Difficile, Deirdre A. Collins, Thomas V. Riley

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Clostridium (Clostridioides) difficile infection (CDI) remains an urgent threat to patients in health systems worldwide. Recurrent CDI occurs in up to 30% of cases due to sustained dysbiosis of the gut microbiota which normally protects against CDI. Associated costs of initial and recurrent episodes of CDI impose heavy financial burdens on health systems. Vancomycin and metronidazole have been the mainstay of therapy for CDI for many years; however, these agents continue to cause significant disruption to the gut microbiota and thus carry a high risk of recurrence for CDI patients. Treatment regimens are now turning towards novel narrow spectrum antimicrobial …

Who Aware Strategy And Antimicrobial Stewardship To Combat Antimicrobial Resistance: An Indian Perspective, Dinesh K. Meena, Jayanthi Mathaiyan, Geevitha Gauthaman

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

Antimicrobial resistance is a serious problem to solve especially in developing countries like India. Antibiotic use in India increased several times since 2005. Many studies in India have reported inappropriate and overuse of antibiotics which could be one of the possible reasons for increased antibiotic resistance in the country. This is an important and urgent issue that mandates strict regulations regarding the rational use of antibiotics. World Health Organization (WHO) has done a major revision to the essential medicines list which classifies antibiotics into three categories (access, watch, and reserve) to ensure the availability and correct use of antibiotics. Several …