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2021

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Composition, Population Structure And Regeneration Potential Of Tree Species In Oak-Dominated Mixed Forests Of Rajouri District In Jammu And Kashmir, India, Mohd Junaid Jazib, Javed Manzoor Dec 2021

Composition, Population Structure And Regeneration Potential Of Tree Species In Oak-Dominated Mixed Forests Of Rajouri District In Jammu And Kashmir, India, Mohd Junaid Jazib, Javed Manzoor

Journal of Bioresource Management

The study was carried out to explore the diversity and regeneration potential of trees species in mixed Oak forest of Rajouri district of Jammu and Kashmir (India). A total of 20 tree species were recorded from the area dominated by various species of oak particularly Quercus leuchotrichophora. Quercus leuchotrichophora shows maximum values of density, basal cover and IVI. In different localities, it has different groups of associates like Q. floribunda, Q. semecarpifolia, Q. glauca, Buxux wallichiana, Pinus roxburghii, Aesculus indica, Rhododendron arboreum, etc. Majority of the species show very poor regeneration and thus demands for immediate implementation of appropriate conservation …

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Evaluation Of The Toxic Effects Of Aqueous Extracts Of Solanum Nigrum L.( Solanaceae ) On The Mortality And Development Of Drosophila Melanogaster (Diptera : Drosophilidae)., Makarem Rahat, Sara Habbachi, Ibtissem Samai, Wafa Habbachi, Abir Bouzar, Saliha Benhissen, Abdelkrim Tahraoui Dec 2021

Evaluation Of The Toxic Effects Of Aqueous Extracts Of Solanum Nigrum L.( Solanaceae ) On The Mortality And Development Of Drosophila Melanogaster (Diptera : Drosophilidae)., Makarem Rahat, Sara Habbachi, Ibtissem Samai, Wafa Habbachi, Abir Bouzar, Saliha Benhissen, Abdelkrim Tahraoui

Journal of Bioresource Management

Solanum nigrum is a plant that has therapeutic properties of the Solanaceae family. It is used extensively in traditional medicine but also as a bio-insecticide to control insect pests. Some parts of this plant can be very toxic to livestock and humans. In the present study, the direct and delayed toxic effects of aqueous extracts of S. nigrum on the mortality and development of Drosophila melanogaster were investigated. For this study, an extraction method including decoction is adopted to extract the active principles from the leaves of S. nigrum. The treatment was carried out by ingestion on 2nd instar …

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Comparing Omani Student-Teachers’ Expressions Of Identities In Traditional Efl Classrooms And Digital Contexts, Suad Al-Wahaibi Dec 2021

Comparing Omani Student-Teachers’ Expressions Of Identities In Traditional Efl Classrooms And Digital Contexts, Suad Al-Wahaibi

Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies

Abstract:This paper aims to investigate how virtual social spaces facilitate the expression of female and male Omani student-teachers’ identities, as compared to classroom contexts. The study follows a qualitative research design that is grounded in an interpretivist/constructivist paradigm. Focus group discussions and Language Learning Histories were used for data collection. Fourteen Omani EFL student-teachers participated in this study. The findings are discussed in relation to Dörnyei’s L2 Motivational Self System (2009), the Self-Determination Theory (2002), and Yashima’s International Posture (2009). The research data support the tripartite motivational model, with the expression of Omani-Islamic identity as a powerful motivation for Omani …

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Role Of Absorption, Dedication, And Vigour On Turnover Intention Of Colleges Of Education Non-Academic Staff, Razaq Olugbenga Azeez Dec 2021

Role Of Absorption, Dedication, And Vigour On Turnover Intention Of Colleges Of Education Non-Academic Staff, Razaq Olugbenga Azeez

Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies

Abstract:Staff turnover has been a recurring decimal in organisations. Due to mobility of skilled workers and competition over limited experienced workforce, most organisations strive to retain their employees. However, workers still show propensity to leave for many reasons – ranging from organisational variables to personal motives. This study examined vigour, dedication, and absorption as determinants of turnover intention among the non-academic staff of Colleges of Education in Ogun State, Nigeria. Two hundred and sixteen participants, randomly drawn from two public Colleges of Education, partook in the study. We collected data using two standardised instruments. One research question was raised to …

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2021 Parkview Research Repository Library Report, Sarah Ellsworth-Hoffman Mls Dec 2021

2021 Parkview Research Repository Library Report, Sarah Ellsworth-Hoffman Mls

Parkview Library Reports

This report is a compilation of data regarding readership and metrics of content in the Parkview Research Repository for the year of 2021. The platform, Digital Commons, is provided by Bepress and the institutional repository is managed by the Parkview Research Library. This institutional repository (IR) was started in 2017 and is accessible worldwide.

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Effect Of Propolis On Bone Quality And Cortical Bone Thickness Of Ovariectomized Female Wistar White Rats As A Model For Osteoporosis, Dian Ayu Juwita, Almahdy Ahmadin, Fitri Rachmaini, Rahmad Abdillah, Rosalia Medisa Fatma Dec 2021

Effect Of Propolis On Bone Quality And Cortical Bone Thickness Of Ovariectomized Female Wistar White Rats As A Model For Osteoporosis, Dian Ayu Juwita, Almahdy Ahmadin, Fitri Rachmaini, Rahmad Abdillah, Rosalia Medisa Fatma

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Estrogen deficiency increases the rate of osteoporosis, especially in menopausal women, by altering the bone tissue microarchitecture. Propolis has compounds that could be used as an alternative therapy to treat estrogen deficiency and to protect against bone damage. This study aims to determine the effect of propolis on bone quality and cortical bone thickness of femoral metaphysis in ovariectomized female Wistar white rats as a model for menopausal osteoporosis. The rats were divided into five groups: negative control group (not subjected to ovariectomy), sham group (subjected to ovariectomy), and treatment groups that were subjected to ovariectomy and given propolis orally …

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The Effect Of Pre-Extraction Preparation On Antioxidant Compounds Of Sauropus Androgynus (L.) Merr. Leaves Extracts, Ni Putu Ermi Hikmawanti, Sofia Fatmawati, Zainal Arifin, Niken Cahyaningrum, Muhammad Arif Fauzan Dec 2021

The Effect Of Pre-Extraction Preparation On Antioxidant Compounds Of Sauropus Androgynus (L.) Merr. Leaves Extracts, Ni Putu Ermi Hikmawanti, Sofia Fatmawati, Zainal Arifin, Niken Cahyaningrum, Muhammad Arif Fauzan

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr. (Phyllanthaceae) is a green vegetable. It is rich in natural antioxidant compounds such as phenolics and flavonoids. The pre-extraction preparation can affect the results of extracting compounds from natural materials. This study aims to determine the effect of pre-extraction procedures, including sample form (fresh/dried), drying process (oven-drying/indirect sunlight-drying/air-drying), and particle size (ground/powdered) on total phenolic and flavonoid levels of ethanolic extracts of S. androgynus leaves and their antioxidant activity against DPPH radicals. S. androgynus leaves were extracted using the cold maceration method. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extract were determined by the colorimetric …

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Comparative Analytical Study Of Phytochemicals In Selected Antidiabetic Medicinal Plant Seeds In Sri Lanka, Gowri Rajkumar, Mihiri Rangika Jayasinghe, Vinotha Sanmugarajah Dec 2021

Comparative Analytical Study Of Phytochemicals In Selected Antidiabetic Medicinal Plant Seeds In Sri Lanka, Gowri Rajkumar, Mihiri Rangika Jayasinghe, Vinotha Sanmugarajah

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Medicinal plants are universally used in the management of various diseases in different medical practices. A varied diversity of compounds extracted from plants may show anticancer, antibacterial, and antidiabetic activities. Comparative laboratory studies and scientific approach of efficacy related to phytochemicals found in medicinal plants in Sri Lanka have not been reported yet. This study aims to evaluate the phytochemicals in selected four different plant seeds such as Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, Brassica alba (L.) Rabenh, Trigonella foenum-graecum L. and Nigella sativa L., which are used in the management of diabetes mellitus in Sri Lanka. The ethanol extracts of …

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The Impact Of Socioeconomic Factors On Public Health Care Expenditure In Asean Countries, Hui Nee Au Yong, Yi Ling Chong, Qi Hui Ng, Jen Hee Tan, Yuan Yuan Tay Dec 2021

The Impact Of Socioeconomic Factors On Public Health Care Expenditure In Asean Countries, Hui Nee Au Yong, Yi Ling Chong, Qi Hui Ng, Jen Hee Tan, Yuan Yuan Tay

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

This study focuses on the macroeconomic, environmental, and socioeconomic determinants that would bring an impact on the healthcare. The ASEAN countries' economic growth, carbon emissions, urban population, and energy consumption are hypothesized to be correlated with healthcare expenditure. This study aims to investigate the impact of each factor affecting healthcare expenditure in these six ASEAN countries. The study looks into six ASEAN countries, i.e. Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, and Brunei Darussalam for the period of 2010-2014. A panel data analysis was conducted to meet the objectives of this study. To test the stationarity of the data, panel unit root …

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Perilaku Pencegahan Covid-19 Pada Tenaga Kesehatan Puskesmas Dalam Masa Pandemi Di Indonesia Tahun 2020, Lia Meiliyana, Rita Damayanti Dec 2021

Perilaku Pencegahan Covid-19 Pada Tenaga Kesehatan Puskesmas Dalam Masa Pandemi Di Indonesia Tahun 2020, Lia Meiliyana, Rita Damayanti

Perilaku dan Promosi Kesehatan: Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior

Background. COVID-19 is a new contagious disease emerging in December 2019 and turned into a pandemic in 2020. Health workers are on the front line against COVID-19. The death rate for health workers in Indonesia is the third-highest globally (as of 27 January 2021); therefore, it is necessary to analyze the factors from a behavioral aspect. Objective. to analyze the prevention behavior of COVID-19 among health workers at health centers (puskesmas) during the pandemic in Indonesia in 2020 using the Health Belief Model. Method. used a cross-sectional approach on secondary data of collaboration PPPKMI PPKFKM UI in the June 2020 …

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Determinan Kualitas Tidur Mahasiswa Kampus A Di Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof Dr Hamka, Julia Tristianingsih, Sarah Handayani Dec 2021

Determinan Kualitas Tidur Mahasiswa Kampus A Di Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof Dr Hamka, Julia Tristianingsih, Sarah Handayani

Perilaku dan Promosi Kesehatan: Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior

Background. Quality sleep is a basic human need, but in college students, sleep will be disrupted due to student duties and changing lifestyles. If the quality of sleep is not fulfilled or a disturbance, it will affect the decrease in a person's quality of life and decrease the health function. Objective to determine the factors related to sleep quality in Campus A students University Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka in 2020. Method. This study used a cross-sectional design with a proportional stratified random sampling technique. The study population was students of Campus A UHAMKA with a sample of 117 students. The …

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Karakteristik Komunikator Remaja Sma Yang Berhubungan Dengan Komunikasi Kesehatan Reproduksi Di Kota Palembang, Putri Dwi Oktarini, Fenny Etrawati Dec 2021

Karakteristik Komunikator Remaja Sma Yang Berhubungan Dengan Komunikasi Kesehatan Reproduksi Di Kota Palembang, Putri Dwi Oktarini, Fenny Etrawati

Perilaku dan Promosi Kesehatan: Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior

Background. Adolescents are the most vulnerable age to experience unsafe and risky reproductive health problems such as abortion and sexually transmitted infections. One of the efforts made by the government to overcome this is through a peer group approach developed in the Youth Information and Counseling Center (PIK R) as a bridge to the communication process. Objective. This study aims to determine the relationship between the characteristics of high school youth communicators with reproductive health communication in Palembang City in 2018. Method. This study used a cross-sectional design. The sample of this study is 112 high school adolescents whose educational …

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Sikap Orang Tua Dan Siswa Terhadap Penerapan Protokol Kesehatan 5m Pada Pembukaan Sekolah Tatap Muka Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19, Ai Evi, Tuti Surtimanah, Mila Mardotilah Dec 2021

Sikap Orang Tua Dan Siswa Terhadap Penerapan Protokol Kesehatan 5m Pada Pembukaan Sekolah Tatap Muka Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19, Ai Evi, Tuti Surtimanah, Mila Mardotilah

Perilaku dan Promosi Kesehatan: Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior

Background. COVID-19 is a global pandemic. New cases of COVID-19 continue to grow and affect all areas of life, including schools that must be conducted online. There is a desire to open a face-to-face school; therefore, it is necessary to know the attitudes of students and parents regarding the implementation of health protocols as input for the policy. Objective. identify parents' and students' attitudes towards applying the 5M health protocol at the opening of face-to-face schools during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method. used comparative descriptive research design with a cross-sectional approach. The population of parents and students are 384 people, with …

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Analisis Kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (Psbb) Dalam Penanggulangan Dan Pencegahan Covid-19 Di Kota Depok, Julia Christy Labetubun, Anggun Rachmawati, Febby Zuriani Fitria, Yayu Mukaromah, Yudith Rachmadiah, Hadi Pratomo Dec 2021

Analisis Kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (Psbb) Dalam Penanggulangan Dan Pencegahan Covid-19 Di Kota Depok, Julia Christy Labetubun, Anggun Rachmawati, Febby Zuriani Fitria, Yayu Mukaromah, Yudith Rachmadiah, Hadi Pratomo

Perilaku dan Promosi Kesehatan: Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior

Background. COVID-19 entered Indonesia first in Depok City on 2 nd March 2020. Massive spread requires infected countries to enact strict policies. The policy chosen by Indonesia is a Large-Scale Social Restrictions Policy (PSBB). Declared as a red zone, Depok City, through the West Java Governor Decree No.443/2020, stipulates the implementation of PSBB on 15th April 2020. Objective. to identify and analyze the implementation of PSBB policies in Depok City and formulate strategic recommendations for PSBB implementation policies Method. The method used media content analysis to collect PSBB policy data in Depok City, then analyzing it using a policy triangle …

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Gambaran Pola Asuh Ibu Dengan Balita Stunting Dan Tidak Stunting Di Kelurahan Tengah, Kecamatan Kramat Jati, Dki Jakarta, Hira Fitriani Aisyah Dec 2021

Gambaran Pola Asuh Ibu Dengan Balita Stunting Dan Tidak Stunting Di Kelurahan Tengah, Kecamatan Kramat Jati, Dki Jakarta, Hira Fitriani Aisyah

Perilaku dan Promosi Kesehatan: Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior

Background. East Jakarta region has become the primary location of stunting, one of which is Tengah Village. Based on the weighing and preliminary data, the prevalence of stunting in 6 Posyandu in the two selected RWs reached 25.9%. Objective to find out the comparison of parenting patterns of stunting toddlers and non-stunting toddlers in Tengah Urban-Village, Kramat Jati Sub-District Method. This research is qualitative, with a case-study approach and collected through in-depth online interviews. The sample was selected by purposive sampling, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria which 12 main informants had stunting and not stunting toddlers aged 24-59 …

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Advokasi Penerapan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok Di Sekolah, Annisa Sayyidatul Ulfa, Rita Damayanti Dec 2021

Advokasi Penerapan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok Di Sekolah, Annisa Sayyidatul Ulfa, Rita Damayanti

Perilaku dan Promosi Kesehatan: Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior

Background. Passive smokers in Indonesia reaches 75% or 96.9 million people. 66.2% students are exposed to cigarette in closed public spaces. Ministry of Education and Culture issued Permendikbud 64/2015 concerning KTR in the School Environment. implementation of KTR in schools still need optimization. Objective to see how the role of students in the advocacy process in implementing schools as smoke-free areas. Method. This research is a qualitative descriptive research with case study design conducted in a Junior High School of Bogor Regency. There were 7 informants. The data collection technique used Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and in-depth interviews by looking …

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Optical And Chemical Properties Of Fragaria Ananassa And Galena: Potential Photosensitizers In A Natural Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell, Ibukun S Akinsola, Aderemi B Alabi, Coppede Nicola Dec 2021

Optical And Chemical Properties Of Fragaria Ananassa And Galena: Potential Photosensitizers In A Natural Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell, Ibukun S Akinsola, Aderemi B Alabi, Coppede Nicola

Tanzania Journal of Science

Dye is one of the major components for high power conversion efficiency in a dye-sensitized solar cell. There are challenges natural dyes encounter, especially with quick degradation of the dye molecules. This work considered mineral dye in comparison with plant dye to address the challenge of degradation of natural plant dyes. The optical properties and functional groups of the two natural dyes were studied in this work. The absorption spectra, the optical band gaps and the absorption coefficients of the dyes were reported and found to be suitable for use as photosensitizers in a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC), as they …

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Paleodepositional Environment And Sequence Stratigraphy Of Miocene Sediments In Well Tn-1, Coastal Swamp Depobelt, Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria, Jerry Osokpor, Efetobore G Maju-Oyovwikowhe Dec 2021

Paleodepositional Environment And Sequence Stratigraphy Of Miocene Sediments In Well Tn-1, Coastal Swamp Depobelt, Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria, Jerry Osokpor, Efetobore G Maju-Oyovwikowhe

Tanzania Journal of Science

This research focused on the interpretation of paleodepositional environment and development of a sequence stratigraphic framework for the well TN-1 section, located in the coastal swamp depositional belt of the Niger Delta Basin. Integration of interpreted litho- and biofacies data sets that facilitated the interpretation of the paleodepositional environment enabled the erection of a sequence-stratigraphic framework. Three lithotypes (sand, clay, and shale) distributed within fourteen facies variants were integrated with palynomorph components to delineate five paleodepositional cycles ranging from distal delta plain to bathyal. Eight systems tracts (closely related to depositional cycles, but transcended depositional boundaries in some intervals) that …

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Effects Of Copper Fungicides Spray On Nutrient Contents In Soils Of Cocoa Growing Areas Of Southwestern Nigeria, Musibau O Azeez, Olusola O Adesanwo, Joseph A Adepetu Dec 2021

Effects Of Copper Fungicides Spray On Nutrient Contents In Soils Of Cocoa Growing Areas Of Southwestern Nigeria, Musibau O Azeez, Olusola O Adesanwo, Joseph A Adepetu

Tanzania Journal of Science

The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of copper fungicides spray on physical and chemical properties of soils of cocoa growing areas of southwestern Nigeria. Samples were collected from selected cocoa farms and adjacent plots across three states (9 samples from Osun State, 9 samples from Ondo State and 7 samples from Ekiti State), within rainforest zone of Nigeria. The physical and chemical properties of the soil samples were determined. Copper contents of the cocoa plantation soils were significantly higher (16.23 mg Cu/kg) than the adjacent plots (6.31 mg Cu/kg) indicating accumulation of Cu in the soil because of …

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Rural Electrification Using Iliceto Shield Wire Scheme In Developing Countries: Tanzania Case Study, Heavenlight M Munisi, Santos Kihwele Dec 2021

Rural Electrification Using Iliceto Shield Wire Scheme In Developing Countries: Tanzania Case Study, Heavenlight M Munisi, Santos Kihwele

Tanzania Journal of Science

Rural electrification rate in Tanzania is still very low despite the efforts made by the Rural Energy Agency (REA) in Tanzania. Rural electrification using medium voltage (MV) method has two major obstacles. First obstacle is high cost associated with the cost of extending the grid electricity to rural areas. Second obstacle is remoteness of the villages, which leads to high power loss during transmission. In lieu of economic extension of rural electrification areas, this paper proposes a low cost solution of Iliceto Shield Wire Scheme (ISWS). This technique involves insulating shield wires (SW) from high voltage (132-400 kV) transmission line …

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Determination Of Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (Crlb) And Minimum Variance Unbiased Estimator Of A Dc Signal In Awgn Using Laplace Transform, Abdi T. Abdalla Dec 2021

Determination Of Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (Crlb) And Minimum Variance Unbiased Estimator Of A Dc Signal In Awgn Using Laplace Transform, Abdi T. Abdalla

Tanzania Journal of Science

This paper presents an alternative approach for the determination of Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) and Minimum Variance Unbiased Estimator (MVUE) using Laplace transformation. In this work, a DC signal in Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) was considered. During the investigation, a number of experiments were conducted to analyze different possible outputs under different conditions, and then the patterns of the outcomes were studied. Finally closed-form expressions for the CRLB and MVUE were deduced employing the Laplace transformation. The resulting expressions showed that the proposed method has almost the same number of steps as the existing method. However, the latter requires …

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Temperature Effects On The Corrosion Inhibition Of Mild Steel In Sulfuric Acid Solution By Acacia Senegal Gum With Halide Ions, Jovine Emmanuel, Joseph Buchweishaija Dec 2021

Temperature Effects On The Corrosion Inhibition Of Mild Steel In Sulfuric Acid Solution By Acacia Senegal Gum With Halide Ions, Jovine Emmanuel, Joseph Buchweishaija

Tanzania Journal of Science

The effects of temperature on the inhibitive effect of naturally occurring Acacia senegal gum exudate on the corrosion of mild steel in sulfuric acid was studied between 35 and 70 °C using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization methods. Findings showed that Acacia senegal gum exudate decreases the corrosion rate of mild steel. The inhibition efficiency declined with raising temperature above 35 °C. The increase in the corrosion rate with increasing temperature was observed for both uninhibited and inhibited systems. Addition of halide ions to the Acacia senegal gum exudate solution enhanced the corrosion inhibition efficiency because of synergistic effects, …

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Physico-Chemical Properties Of Mechanically Extracted Banana Juice At Different Ripening Stages, Mathayo G Mathias, Lilian D Kaale, Oscar Kibazohi Dec 2021

Physico-Chemical Properties Of Mechanically Extracted Banana Juice At Different Ripening Stages, Mathayo G Mathias, Lilian D Kaale, Oscar Kibazohi

Tanzania Journal of Science

This paper presents the findings of a study on physico-chemical properties of low viscosity banana juice from five banana cultivars: Pisang Awak (PSA) an ABB genome, Yangambi km5 (YKM5) an AAA genome and cultivars from AAA-EA genome, namely Mbilabile, Ndeshi and Mlonga. Low viscosity banana juice was extracted using improved mechanical method at five ripening stages. The physico-chemical properties significantly varied according to cultivars and ripening stages (p < 0.05). Yields, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA) and pH were in the range of 19.50–74.03%, 7.33–27.64 ºBrix, 0.37–0.76% malic acid equivalent and 4.09–4.70, respectively. Yields decreased in the order of Mbilabile > Ndeshi > Mlonga > YKM5 > PSA whereas the total soluble solids increased as follows Mlonga < Mbilabile < Ndeshi < YKM5 < PSA. Furthermore, ashes and mineral contents decreased with ripening stages whereas the low viscosity banana juice was rich in potassium and magnesium. Finally, the study recommends stage 5 of the ripeness as ideal for producing low viscosity banana juice. Keywords: Mechanical extraction, Banana cultivar, Ripening stage, Tannin, Banana juice.

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Atmospheric Instability Conditions During Rainy Seasons Over Tanzania, Pasvolo J Mwinuka, Christian Bs Uiso, Ladslaus B Chang’A, Mwingereza J Kumwenda Dec 2021

Atmospheric Instability Conditions During Rainy Seasons Over Tanzania, Pasvolo J Mwinuka, Christian Bs Uiso, Ladslaus B Chang’A, Mwingereza J Kumwenda

Tanzania Journal of Science

The amount of rainfall and its distribution in time and space is dependent on the atmospheric instability conditions, and on its moisture content. The aim of this study was to determine the atmospheric instability conditions during January to March (JFM), February to April (FMA), March to May (MAM), and October to December (OND) rainy seasons over local climate zones in Tanzania. Zone area average seasonal Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE), Convective Inhibition (CIN), Precipitable Water (PW) and Lifted index (Li) were calculated and analyzed. Results showed Li < 0 in JFM and FMA over whole Tanzania. During MAM and OND, Li < 0 over the Lake Zone, Western Highlands Zone and Central Zone only. CAPE ranged from 793 J/kg to 1183 J/kg during JFM, and 700 J/kg to 1080 J/kg during FMA. During MAM, CAPE ranged from 170 J/kg to 921 J/kg and from 173 J/kg to 833 J/kg during OND. Results also showed CAPE > 1000 J/kg over the Lake Zone, Western Highlands Zone, Island Zone, and Central …

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Placental Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor, Protein Kinase B And Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin Are Downregulated In Hiv-1 Positive Women On Antiretroviral Drugs, Winifrida B. Kidima, Gatambwa D. Mukandala, Osiana Leonard, Daniel Nkungu Dec 2021

Placental Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor, Protein Kinase B And Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin Are Downregulated In Hiv-1 Positive Women On Antiretroviral Drugs, Winifrida B. Kidima, Gatambwa D. Mukandala, Osiana Leonard, Daniel Nkungu

Tanzania Journal of Science

HIV-1 and ARV drugs uptake during pregnancy may change placental phenotype during pregnancy affecting fetal growth. We investigated the influence of maternal HIV-1 and ARV drugs on expression of placental genes important for fetus growth. A total 51 HIV-1 positives and 46 HIV-1 negative pregnant women were studied. Placental gene expression changes of insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF-1) R, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), protein kinase B (AKT-1), sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporters (Slc38a1, Slca38a2, Slc38a4), inhibin A, adrenomedullin and 11 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type (HSD)-2 were assessed by RT-qPCR. There was a significant decrease in mRNA expression of placental …

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Design And Performance Analysis Of Composite Airfoil Wind Turbine Blade, Hegespo H Mwanyika, Yusufu Ac Jande, Thomas Kivevele Dec 2021

Design And Performance Analysis Of Composite Airfoil Wind Turbine Blade, Hegespo H Mwanyika, Yusufu Ac Jande, Thomas Kivevele

Tanzania Journal of Science

Small horizontal axis wind turbine rotors with composite airfoil rotor blades were designed and investigated in the present study in order to improve its performance in low wind speed and low Reynolds number (Re) conditions for standalone system. The geometrical and aerodynamic nature of a single airfoil small horizontal axis wind turbine blade curtails efficient energy harnessing of the rotor blade. The use of composite airfoil rotor blade improves energy production but imposes uncertainty in determining an optimal design angle of attack and the off design aerodynamic behaviour of the rotor. This research investigated the effects of two airfoils used …

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Optimal Design Of Hybrid Renewable Energy For Tanzania Rural Communities, Ester T Marcel, Joseph Mutale, Aviti T Mushi Dec 2021

Optimal Design Of Hybrid Renewable Energy For Tanzania Rural Communities, Ester T Marcel, Joseph Mutale, Aviti T Mushi

Tanzania Journal of Science

Rural communities in developing countries lack access to electricity due to high costs of grid extension. This paper proposes a hybrid system of renewable energy (HRES) as solution. The HRES consists of solar, wind, and battery energy storage (BES). The village called Ngw’amkanga in Shinyanga region of Tanzania, East Africa is selected as a case study. An iterative method to determine the size of wind and solar photovoltaic (PV) generation required assuming a project life of 25 years at minimum annualised cost of the system ( ) is proposed. The project life time is fixed on the life span of …

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Smart Electric Meter Deployment In Tanzania: A Survey, Theresia B Maziku, Kwame S Ibwe, Abdi Abdalla, Ellen A Kalinga Dec 2021

Smart Electric Meter Deployment In Tanzania: A Survey, Theresia B Maziku, Kwame S Ibwe, Abdi Abdalla, Ellen A Kalinga

Tanzania Journal of Science

Using information and communication technologies (ICT) to make the electrical power network intelligent and smarter (smart grid) has been the focal point in transforming electrical power industry. The idea behind smart grid is to transform the Tanzanian power sector into a secure, adaptive, sustainable, and digitally enabled ecosystem that provides reliable and quality energy for all with active participation of stakeholders. Smart metering is a central segment in realizing smart grid. However, a big question is whether Tanzanian power stakeholders are ready for smart metering technology investments for household applications. Operation and maintenance of a smart metering solution is a …

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Improved Modified Ratio Estimation Of Population Mean Using Information On Size Of The Sample, Sikiru A Suleiman, Amos A Adewara Dec 2021

Improved Modified Ratio Estimation Of Population Mean Using Information On Size Of The Sample, Sikiru A Suleiman, Amos A Adewara

Tanzania Journal of Science

In sample surveys, auxiliary information is used for estimation to improve the efficiency of estimators. Increased precision can be obtained when the variable under study is highly correlated with auxiliary information. In this study, the sample size has been used as information for improved estimation of population mean of the main variable under study. A new modified generalized ratio type estimator of population mean has been proposed and the efficiency was examined using Murthy (1967) and Mukhopadhyay (2009) dataset. The large sample properties, the bias and the mean squared error of the newly proposed modified ratio estimator were obtained up …

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Risk Factors Associated With Mother-To-Child Transmission Of Hiv In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Felix Elias, Nyimvua Shaban, Edwin Rutalebwa Dec 2021

Risk Factors Associated With Mother-To-Child Transmission Of Hiv In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Felix Elias, Nyimvua Shaban, Edwin Rutalebwa

Tanzania Journal of Science

Despite Tanzania's efforts and substantial progress in PMTCT, about 11% new infections were recorded among Tanzanian children in 2019 (UNAIDS 2020a). The objective of this study was to determine the rate of HIV transmission and to identify its risk factors among HIV exposed infants born to HIV-positive mothers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A cross-sectional study was conducted using retrospective data collected from HIV-positive mothers and their exposed babies who were followed and registered in health facilities in four administrative districts (Ilala, Temeke, Kinondoni, and Ubungo) in Dar es Salaam between January 2016 and December 2019.  To identify risk factors …

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