Sanhuang Decoction Controls Tumor Microenvironment By Ameliorating Chronic Stress In Breast Cancer: A Report Of Ninety Cases., Ming Feng, Huanhuan Wang, Zhiyuan Zhu, Bowen Yao, Yongfei Li, Jingxian Xue, Sihan Cao, Xinyi Shao, Yanlei Xu, Ki Cheul Sohn, Im Hee Shin, Chang Yao

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

Long-term endocrine treatment which results in estrogen deprivation causes chronic stress associated with a series of uncomfortable symptoms leading not only to a decrease in quality of life but also to cancer recurrence, which may be mediated primarily through the enhanced expression of angiogenic factors, as well as a series of inflammatory microenvironmental changes that favor tumor progression. In this study, we designed a clinical trial and aimed to explore the effects of Sanhuang Decoction (SHD) treatment on chronic stress, inflammatory factors, and breast cancer recovery. A total of 90 patients with breast cancer who met the inclusion/exclusion criteria were …

Health Benefits Of The Hunter/Gatherer Lifestyle, Melynda Sheri Coker

Natural Resources

The Hunter/Gatherer Lifestyle has long been associated with positive health benefits. I measured specific metabolic parameters associated with this lifestyle, highlighting lean tissue preservation. Severe loss of lean tissue mass (LTM) (sarcopenia) is a progressive, multifactorial disease presenting with decreased functional performance, age-related bone loss, increased falls and fractures, obesity, type II diabetes mellitus, depression, hospitalization, and even mortality. Degradation of LTM, often accompanied with obesity, is cost-prohibitive emotionally, physically, and financially. To counteract LTM deterioration, a positive net protein balance (NB) must be created through increased protein synthesis or suppressed protein breakdown. I utilized isotope tracer infusion methodology to …

Human Paleoecology From The Late Glacial To Early Holocene, Tangle Lakes, Alaska, Audra J. Darcy

Anthropology

This study examines paleoenvironmental change from the Late Glacial to the Early Holocene in the Tangle Lakes region of interior Alaska to explore changes in resource distribution and impacts on prehistoric hunter-gatherer subsistence patterns in upland settings (>500 masl). In interior Alaska, prehistoric hunter-gatherer subsistence economies were organized around the procurement of large herbivores (bison, caribou, elk, and moose), which were primarily regulated by habitat availability. Changes in habitat availability altered the distribution of key faunal resources, necessitating shifts in land-use strategies. The palaeoecological record from Glacier Gap helps contextualize resource distribution within dynamic landscapes by identifying changes in …

Impacts Of Cover Cropping And Tillage On Weed Populations And Soil Nutrients In A Sub-Arctic Environment, Erin L. Carr

Natural Resources

One of the biggest challenges for organic crop and vegetable producers is weed control. Traditional practices, such as cover cropping and tilling, aid in controlling weeds on fallow land. However, both methods can impact soil nutrient availability. For producers in sub-Arctic regions with a limited growing season, such as interior Alaska, these practices would remove valuable farm land from production for at least a year and potentially impact soil nutrients. The objective of this study was to determine cover cropping and tilling intervals that would reduce weed seedbank size without negatively influencing soil nutrient availability and taking land out of …

Assessing Prevalence And Correlates Of Blue‑Colored Fesh In Lingcod (Ophiodon Elongatus) Across Their Geographic Range, Aaron W. Galloway, Anne H. Beaudreau, Michael D. Thomas, Bonnie L. Basnett, Laurel S. Lam, Scott L. Hamilton, Kelly S. Andrews, Julie B. Schram, Jessica Watson, Jameal F. Samhouri4

Faculty, Staff, and Students

Intraspecific variation in external and internal pigmentation is common among fishes and explained by a variety of biological and ecological factors. Blue-colored flesh in fishes is relatively rare but has been documented in some species of the sculpin, greenling, and perch families. Diet, starvation, photoprotection, and camouflage have all been suggested as proximate mechanisms driving blue flesh, but causal factors are poorly understood. We evaluated the relative importance of biological and spatial factors that could explain variation in blue coloration in 2021 lingcod (Ophiodon elongatus) captured across their range in the northeastern Pacific, from southeast Alaska to southern California. The …

Family & Friends, Volume 5, Number 11

Family & Friends, 1998-2006

Anita C. Moyt, Managing Editor. Contributors: J. Shane Wilson, Laine McNeil, Rex Wockner, Lam Medallion, Cole Walker, John Crossen, Anthony Hardaway, Kevin Shaw.

Special thanks to Rhodes College and the Paul Barret Jr. Library for providing initial scanning of this collection.

Family & Friends, Volume 6, Number 4

Family & Friends, 1998-2006

Patricia Pair, Publisher. Anita C. Moyt, Managing Editor. Cole Walker, Music Editor. Contributors: J. Shane Wilson, Laine McNeil, Rex Wockner, Lam Medallion, John Crossen, Anthony Hardaway, Kevin Shaw.

Special thanks to Rhodes College and the Paul Barret Jr. Library for providing initial scanning of this collection.

Family & Friends, Volume 6, Number 6

Family & Friends, 1998-2006

Patricia Pair, Publisher. Anita C. Moyt, Managing Editor. Cole Walker, Music Editor. Anthony Hardaway, Multi-Cultural Affairs Editor. J. Shane Wilson, Laine McNeil, Rex Wockner, Lam Medallion, John Crossen, Kevin Shaw, James Easter.

Special thanks to Rhodes College and the Paul Barret Jr. Library for providing initial scanning of this collection.

Family & Friends, Volume 6, Number 7

Family & Friends, 1998-2006

Patricia Pair, Publisher. Anita C. Moyt, Managing Editor. Cole Walker, Music Editor. Anthony Hardaway, Multi-Cultural Affairs Editor. J. Shane Wilson, Laine McNeil, Rex Wockner, Lam Medallion, John Crossen, Kevin Shaw, Jim Easter, Katie Hiestand.

Special thanks to Rhodes College and the Paul Barret Jr. Library for providing initial scanning of this collection.

Umhs Teacher Named 2021 Outstanding Earth And Space Science Teacher, Pam Starling

University of Mississippi News

Gail Davis honored by the National Association of Geoscience Teachers

Characterization Of Application-Driven Sol-Gel Coated Meshes And Composites, Armaghan Naderi

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Surface engineering is a multi-disciplinary research area that encompasses disciplines such as materials science, chemistry, mechanical engineering, and electrical engineering. Coating is a surface modification technique in surface engineering, applied on the surface of a substrate (i.e., bulk material), to cover/protect it from environmental degradation or to modify/improve surface properties for specific applications. This PhD research presents an in-depth investigation of sol-gel ceramic coatings to modify surface characteristics of bulk materials for two specific applications: 1) antistatic/antidust applications, and 2) biomaterial implant applications.

First, zirconia antistatic thin films on glass substrates, and their application to polymer-based composites, was studied. Zirconia …

Novel Optical Biosensor Based On A Nano-Gold Coated By Schiff Base Doped In Sol/Gel Matrix For Sensitive Screening Of Oncomarker Ca-125, Ekram Hany Mohamed, Mohamed S. S. Attia, Mona N. Abou-Omar,, Mohammed A. Amin,, Rabah Boukherroub, Hisham Afify

Pharmacy

The urge for sensitive, facile, minimally invasive, and fast detection method of CA-125, a significant and crucial biomarker in ovarian malignancy, is currently substantial. This paper describes the detailed construction and characterization of a newly designed optical nano-biosensor to detect CA-125 accurately and sensitively. The fabricated sensor consists of a nano-gold thin film doped into a matrix of sol-gel, exhibiting a centered fluorescence band at 423 nm when excited at 340 nm. The quantification of CA-125 relies on its quenching ability of this fluorescence signal. The sensor was challenged to evaluate its sensitivity and specificity in detecting CA-125 present in …

Presentation Of Immunodominant Peptides Is Strongly Dependent On Cathepsin Resistance And Preliminary Cleavage Of Antigens, Tynan Becker

Biological Sciences

An understanding of the basis for immunogenicity (the ability of a foreign substance to induce an adaptive immune response) is critical for advancing our knowledge of infectious or autoimmune diseases, as well as contributing to the design of vaccines and biologics. A key step in the initiation of an adaptive immune response is the presentation of pathogen-derived peptides by major histocompatibility class II (MHCII) molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APC) such as a dendritic cell (DC) to CD4⁺ T cells. Peptides that are superior at eliciting strong T-cell responses are termed immunodominant. The generation and selection of peptides …

Spatio-Temporal Genetic Structure, Effective Population Size, And Parentage Simulations From Contemporary Genetic Samples And Historic Demographic Data Of Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus Nerka) In Auke Lake, Alaska, Patrick D. Barry

Fisheries

Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) have great ecological, economic, and cultural importance. Accordingly, understanding the genetic diversity of Pacific salmon populations is critical for their effective management and conservation. Spatial and temporal homing fidelity, a central life-history characteristic of Pacific salmon, generates genetic structure through reproductive isolation. Within and among populations, heterogeneity in the freshwater environment should lead to selection for traits that maximize fitness resulting in local adaptation. This adaptation increases productivity of individual populations while diversity among populations can promote long-term stability. Additionally, the demographic properties (age structure, generation length, size) of a population will affect genetic structure by …

Broad Whitefish (Coregonus Nasus) Ecology And Habitat Use In Arctic Alaska: Spawning Habitat Suitability, Isotopic Niches, Life-History Variations, And Climate Change Risks To Subsistence Fisheries, Jason C. Leppi

Fisheries

Broad Whitefish (Coregonus nasus) is a critically important subsistence species for Alaska's Indigenous communities, yet little is known about the basic ecology of this species at the individual level. Understanding habitat use by Broad Whitefish is challenging due to their mobility and our limited ability to track fish throughout their lives as they move among a suite of habitats that are spatially dispersed, change over time, and are often temporary. The Arctic is undergoing major landscape and ecosystem transformation from climate change and oil and gas development, which may threaten Arctic ecosystems used by Broad Whitefish. This dissertation presents new …

Current And Novel Tools In The Health Assessment Of Large Whales, Kelly Ann Cates

Fisheries

Alaskan marine ecosystems are undergoing unprecedented change and species are facing increasingly variable and potentially inhospitable habitats. As top predators, marine mammals serve an important role as sentinels of ecosystem health. With their high site fidelity, abundant numbers, coastal presence and role as a top predator, humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) provide a meaningful view into current ecosystem conditions and processes. In order to tap into their usefulness as bioindicators the basic physiology of humpback whales needs to be understood. Physiological indices can provide valuable information about fecundity, survival, health and population age structuring which is fundamental to cetacean research and …

Materialities, Discourses, And Entanglements In Gendered Decision-Making And Practices : An Ethnographic Account Of ‘Fish Mammy’ Households In Ghana, Moses Adjei

Lingnan Theses (MPhil & PhD)

Critical feminist scholars have challenged essentialist understandings of gender inequality and the use of discourses to categorize men as superior to women. For critics however, a focus on discourse equally limits our understanding of the role of materialities (human and non-human) in co-creating such social outcomes. Using a new feminist materialist approach, this thesis examines the factors which create opportunities for and obstacles to women’s participation in household and community-based fishery decision-making and practices in Ghana. The study adopts an ethnographic approach using multi-methods including a cross-sectional survey of 400 female fisherfolk, 48 in-depth interviews with female fisherfolk, male fisherfolk …

Active Trumpeter Swan Nest On An Active Muskrat Lodge, Paige C. Miller, David J. Delehanty

Western North American Naturalist

We observed Trumpeter Swans (Cygnus buccinator) nesting on top of an active muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) lodge, indicating simultaneous breeding uses of a constructed vegetation mound not previously recorded in the literature. Specifically, within the Red Rock Lakes National Wildlife Refuge in southwestern Montana, we observed 4 eggs in an actively tended Trumpeter Swan nest, while underneath the swan nest bowl was a muskrat nursery occupied by 3 neonate muskrats. Swans are known to use abandoned muskrat lodges as nest foundations, but not active lodges. Our observations point to a close association between breeding muskrats and Trumpeter …

Time Required For Brown Bears To Capture And Consume Pacific Salmon, Thomas P. Quinn

Western North American Naturalist

Detection, pursuit, capture, and consumption of prey by predators may be time consuming or not, depending on predators and prey, and this time allocation affects other aspects of predator ecology. Pacific salmon contribute substantially to coastal brown bear (Ursus arctos) diets, with implications for predators, prey, and their ecosystem. Brown bears were observed capturing sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) at Mikfik Creek, Alaska, to determine capture and consumption rates. Bears averaged 3:00 min (SD = 5:24) to capture and 2:26 min (SD = 1:33) to completely consume small adult sockeye salmon. These foraging activities thus occupied only …

Making Space For Social And Emotional Learning In Science Education, Erin Ingram, Kristie Reddick, Jessica M. Honaker, Gwen A. Pearson

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Social-emotional learning (SEL) is known to improve student outcomes but is rarely combined with STEM. In this paper we present an action research study to examine the impact of a STEM + SEL curriculum intervention to address a real-world school conflict. One hundred sixth–eighth graders and four teachers participated in an in-person facilitation of a SEL Arthropod curriculum, DIFFERENT. After the intervention, students completed open-ended couplet statements about arthropod behavior, tarantulas, and humans designed to measure sentiment change. Answers were manually coded using inductive coding on a scale of negative (1) to positive (5). Statement sentiments significantly shifted from negative …

Applications Of Stable Isotope Analysis To Advancing The Understanding Of Brown Bear Dietary Ecology, Matthew C. Rogers

Biological Sciences

Dietary ecology is one of the most important drivers of brown bear fitness at the individual and population levels. However, researchers do not have an in-depth understanding of the trophic niche breadth, diet composition, and seasonal diet variation for most Alaskan populations. I set out to better understand multiple facets of brown bear dietary ecology using stable isotope analysis (¹³C & ¹⁵N) as the primary tool to infer brown bear diet and gain insights into their trophic niche, dietary seasonality, dietary generalism and specialism, and isotopic trophic discrimination factors. I determined that using sectioned hair samples is the best practice …

Searching The Soil: Characterizing The Effects Of Disturbance On Soil Microbial Communities And Plant Productivity, Taylor J. Seitz

Biological Sciences

The effects of global climate change are accelerated and more pronounced in northern regions, and Alaska is at the forefront of that change. Permafrost, which underlies much of the Alaskan landscape, is rapidly thawing and degrading leading to shifts in hydrology, soil chemistry, and nutrient availability. As permafrost thaws, soil microbial communities have the potential to be influenced taxonomically and functionally. However, it is unclear how active layer microbial communities, which play a role in plant-microbe interactions, are affected by increasing soil disturbance, and how soil microbiomes can influence above ground plant communities. In this study, I aimed to understand …

Stable Isotope Ecology Of An Arctic Raptor Guild, Devin Leland Johnson

Biological Sciences

As top predators in a rapidly changing environment, Arctic raptors serve as indicator species of ecosystem health. The degree to which populations exhibit dietary plasticity and partition resources on an interspecific basis under dynamic ecological conditions may be indicative of climate change resilience. It is therefore crucial to develop accurate and broadly applicable methods for characterizing the diets of wild populations. In this dissertation, I assessed the performance of Bayesian stable isotope mixing models (BSIMMs) as a method of characterizing diet in free-living raptor populations, developed novel methods to refine their accuracy and applicability, and applied an isotopic approach to …

Habitat Use Of Spectacled Eider Broods In Relation To Salinity And Food Availability On The Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, Nathan R. Graff

Biological Sciences

Spectacled eiders (Somateria fischeri) nest and raise their broods in coastal areas of the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, which may be vulnerable to projected climate change effects of increased temperatures, storms, and sea level rise. These changes in turn will likely affect wetland salinity levels used by ducklings, which are a potential constraint to growth and survival of young ducklings while their salt glands develop. To examine this potential concern, I investigated spatial and temporal pond salinity dynamics, food availability, and habitat use of spectacled eider broods at Kigigak Island, AK during 2011-2012. I found that salinity was highly variable across the …

Antibiotic Resistance In A Changing North: Unearthing The Effects Of Disturbance-Induced Permafrost Thaw On The Alaskan Soil Resistome, Tracie J. Haan

Biological Sciences

The evolution of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria is a major threat at the forefront of public health today. By studying soils, one of the ancestral origins of antibiotic production and resistance, we can gain insight into how antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from the environment have contributed to the evolution and emergence of resistance in pathogens. These studies are particularly important in soils where polar amplification and human expansion has already impacted the frequency and intensity of soil disturbance events (e.g., wildfires, deglaciation, land-use). In Alaska these disturbances augment permafrost thaw shifting the biogeochemical properties of active layer soils that …

Drivers Of Life History Variation In A Long-Lived, Marine Predator: Individual Heterogeneity In Reproductive Performance Of Grey Seals (Halichoerus Grypus), Janelle Jean Badger

Biological Sciences

Fitness variation among individuals is a key tenet of eco-evolutionary theory, as natural selection acts upon this variation to bring about evolutionary change. Our understanding of individual heterogeneity and its evolutionary consequences in wild populations is limited, particularly for long-lived animals which are difficult to observe on a biologically relevant scales. This dissertation explores the dynamics of reproductive heterogeneity in a long-lived, iteroparous animal stemming from individual variation, energetic trade-offs, and ecological conditions using over 35 years of longitudinal data on a large sample of marked female grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) breeding on Sable Island, Nova Scotia. Using mixed-effects regression …

Using Ultraconserved Elements To Estimate Gene Flow Between Asian And North American Avian Taxa, Fern R. Spaulding

Biological Sciences

Alaska is a prime location to study avian speciation, divergence, and gene flow. The area of Beringia, the region extending from the Russian Far East across the Bering Sea though Alaska, has historically experienced periodic cycles of glaciation. These cyclic fluctuations in climate have had genetic consequences on the organisms that reside in this region. In this thesis, I examine the genetic relationships between Old World and New World lineages of Holarctic avian taxa. Specifically, I examine how intercontinental movements (i.e., gene flow) have shaped divergence, speciation, and phylogenetic relationships in several key lineages of Holarctic waterbirds. Using ultraconserved elements …

Family & Friends, Volume 6, Number 4

Family & Friends, 1998-2006

Patricia Pair, Publisher. Anita C. Moyt, Managing Editor. Cole Walker, Music Editor. Contributors: J. Shane Wilson, Laine McNeil, Rex Wockner, Lam Medallion, John Crossen, Anthony Hardaway, Kevin Shaw.

Special thanks to Rhodes College and the Paul Barret Jr. Library for providing initial scanning of this collection.

Correcting For Sparsity And Interdependence In Glycomics By Accounting For Glycan Biosynthesis, Bokan Bao, Benjamin P Kellman, Austin W T Chiang, Yujie Zhang, James T Sorrentino, Austin K York, Mahmoud A Mohammad, Morey W Haymond, Lars Bode, Nathan E Lewis

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Glycans are fundamental cellular building blocks, involved in many organismal functions. Advances in glycomics are elucidating the essential roles of glycans. Still, it remains challenging to properly analyze large glycomics datasets, since the abundance of each glycan is dependent on many other glycans that share many intermediate biosynthetic steps. Furthermore, the overlap of measured glycans can be low across samples. We address these challenges with GlyCompare, a glycomic data analysis approach that accounts for shared biosynthetic steps for all measured glycans to correct for sparsity and non-independence in glycomics, which enables direct comparison of different glycoprofiles and increases statistical power. …

Academic Library As Scholarly Publisher Bibliography, Version 2, Charles W. Bailey Jr.

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Introduction

The Academic Library as Scholarly Publisher Bibliography includes over 175 selected English-language articles, books, and technical reports that are useful in understanding the digital scholarly publishing activities of academic libraries since the late 1980's, especially their open access book and journal publishing activities. The bibliography covers the following subtopics: pioneering academic library publishing projects in the 1980's and 1990's, early digital journals and serials published by librarians (as distinct from libraries), library-based scholarly publishing since the Budapest Open Access Initiative, technical publishing infrastructure, and library and university press mergers/partnerships and other relevant works.

Here is the Library Publishing …