Digital Commons Network^™

Sensitivity Of Wild-Type And Rifampicin-Resistant O157 And Non-O157 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia Coli To Elevated Hydrostatic Pressure And Lactic Acid In Ground Meat And Meat Homogenate, Abimbola Allison, Aliyar Cyrus Fouladkhah

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Various serogroups of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli have been epidemiologically associated with foodborne disease episodes in the United States and around the globe, with E. coli O157: H7 as the dominant serogroup of public health concern. Serogroups other than O157 are currently associated with about 60% of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli related foodborne illness episodes. Current study evaluated sensitivity of the O157 and epidemiologically important non-O157 serogroups of the pathogen to elevated hydrostatic pressure and 1% lactic acid. Pressure intensity of 250 to 650 MPa were applied for 0 to 7 min for inactivation of strain mixtures of …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - February 18, 2021, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the February 18, 2021 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

• Mark your calendar for upcoming grand rounds
• USA COM faculty reacts to elimination of Step 2 clinical skills exam
• Meet a Med Student: Jesse Stutzman
• Med School Café to address breast cancer
• A message from the Gold Humanism Honor Society

Rotaxane Rings Promote Oblique Packing And Extended Lifetimes In Dna-Templated Molecular Dye Aggregates, Matthew S. Barclay, Simon K. Roy, Jonathan S. Huff, Olga A. Mass, Daniel B. Turner, Christopher K. Wilson, Donald L. Kellis, Jeunghoon Lee, Paul H. Davis, Bernard Yurke, William B. Knowlton, Ryan D. Pensack

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Molecular excitons play a central role in natural and artificial light harvesting, organic electronics, and nanoscale computing. The structure and dynamics of molecular excitons, critical to each application, are sensitively governed by molecular packing. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) templating is a powerful approach that enables controlled aggregation via sub-nanometer positioning of molecular dyes. However, finer sub-Angstrom control of dye packing is needed to tailor excitonic properties for specific applications. Here, we show that adding rotaxane rings to squaraine dyes templated with DNA promotes an elusive oblique packing arrangement with highly desirable optical properties. Specifically, dimers of these squaraine:rotaxanes exhibit an absorption …

Srpk1/2 And Pp1Α Exert Opposite Functions By Modulating Srsf1-Guided Mknk2 Alternative Splicing In Colon Adenocarcinoma., Hongda Liu, Zheng Gong, Kangshuai Li, Qun Zhang, Zekuan Xu, Yunfei Xu

Faculty Research 2021

BACKGROUND: The Mnk2 kinase, encoded by MKNK2 gene, plays critical roles in MAPK signaling and was involved in oncogenesis. Human MKNK2 pre-mRNA can be alternatively spliced into two splicing isoforms, the MKNK2a and MKNK2b, thus yielding Mnk2a and Mnk2b proteins with different domains. The involvement of Mnk2 alternative splicing in colon cancer has been implicated based on RNA-sequencing data from TCGA database. This study aimed at investigating the upstream modulators and clinical relevance of Mnk2 alternative splicing in colon adenocarcinoma (CAC).

METHODS: PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed to assess the expression of Mnk2 and upstream proteins in …

Reviews And Syntheses: The Biogeochemical Cycle Of Silicon In The Modern Ocean, Paul J. Tréguer, Jill N. Sutton, Mark Brzezinski, Matthew A. Charette, Timothy Devries, Stephanie Dutkiewicz, Claudia Ehlert, Jon Hawkings, Aude Leynaert, Su Mei Liu, Natalia Llopis Monferrer, María López-Acosta, Manuel Maldonado, Shaily Rahman, Lihua Ran, Olivier Rouxel

Faculty Publications

The element silicon (Si) is required for the growth of silicified organisms in marine environments, such as diatoms. These organisms consume vast amounts of Si together with N, P, and C, connecting the biogeochemical cycles of these elements. Thus, understanding the Si cycle in the ocean is critical for understanding wider issues such as carbon sequestration by the ocean's biological pump. In this review, we show that recent advances in process studies indicate that total Si inputs and outputs, to and from the world ocean, are 57 % and 37 % higher, respectively, than previous estimates. We also update the …

Kenyon Collegian - February 18, 2021

The Kenyon Collegian

No abstract provided.

Bringing The Writing Retreat Home, Lily Greenberg

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Inhibition Of The Heg1-Krit1 Interaction Increases Klf4 And Klf2 Expression In Endothelial Cells, Miguel Alejandro Lopez-Ramirez, Sara Mccurdy, Wenqing Li, Mark K. Haynes, Preston Hale, Karol Francisco, Killian Oukoloff, Matthew Bautista, Chelsea H J Choi, Hao Sun, Brendan Gongol, John Y. Shyy, Carlo Ballatore, Larry A. Sklar, Alexandre R. Gingras

Pathology Research and Scholarship

The transmembrane protein heart of glass1 (HEG1) directly binds to and recruits Krev interaction trapped protein 1 (KRIT1) to endothelial junctions to form the HEG1-KRIT1 protein complex that establishes and maintains junctional integrity. Genetic inactivation or knockdown of endothelial HEG1 or KRIT1 leads to the upregulation of transcription factors Krüppel-like factors 4 and 2 (KLF4 and KLF2), which are implicated in endothelial vascular homeostasis; however, the effect of acute inhibition of the HEG1-KRIT1 interaction remains incompletely understood. Here, we report a high-throughput screening assay and molecular design of a small-molecule HEG1-KRIT1 inhibitor to uncover acute changes in signaling pathways downstream …

Combating Police Officer Suicide With Department Wellness Programs, Ryan Prail

Master of Arts in Criminal Justice Leadership

The purpose of this paper is to explore the rising rates of law enforcement suicides and how departments are trying to curtail those numbers with department wellness programs. The research will explore the emotional survival of those who work in law enforcement. It is a topic that is at the forefront in the profession. This will be an overview of how organizations are trying to help their employees with their mental and physical health. It is known in the corporate world that having healthy and happy employees leads to a better working environment and more productivity. The information in this …

Repurposing Dextromethorphan And Metformin For Treating Nicotine-Induced Cancer By Directly Targeting Chrna7 To Inhibit Jak2/Stat3/Sox2 Signaling, Lu Wang, Du Liang, Xiao Xiong, Yusheng Lin, Jianlin Zhu, Zhimeng Yao, Shuhong Wang, Yi Guo, Yuping Chen, Kyla Geary, Yunlong Pan, Fuyou Zhou, Shegan Gao, Dianzheng Zhang, Sai-Ching Jim Yeung, Hao Zhang

PCOM Scholarly Works

Smoking is one of the most impactful lifestyle-related risk factors in many cancer types including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). As the major component of tobacco and e-cigarettes, nicotine is not only responsible for addiction to smoking but also a carcinogen. Here we report that nicotine enhances ESCC cancer malignancy and tumor-initiating capacity by interacting with cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 7 subunit (CHRNA7) and subsequently activating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. We found that aberrant CHRNA7 expression can serve as an independent prognostic factor for ESCC patients. In multiple ESCC mouse models, dextromethorphan and metformin synergistically repressed nicotine-enhanced cancer-initiating cells (CIC) …

Limited Effects Of Long-Term Daily Cranberry Consumption On The Gut Microbiome In A Placebo-Controlled Study Of Women With Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections, Timothy J Straub, Wen-Chi Chou, Abigail L Manson, Henry L Schreiber 4th, Bruce J Walker, Christopher A Desjardins, Sinéad B Chapman, Kerrie L Kaspar, Orsalem J Kahsai, Elizabeth Traylor, Karen W Dodson, Meredith A J Hullar, Scott J Hultgren, Christina Khoo, Ashlee M Earl

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) affect 15 million women each year in the United States, with > 20% experiencing frequent recurrent UTIs. A recent placebo-controlled clinical trial found a 39% reduction in UTI symptoms among recurrent UTI sufferers who consumed a daily cranberry beverage for 24 weeks. Using metagenomic sequencing of stool from a subset of these trial participants, we assessed the impact of cranberry consumption on the gut microbiota, a reservoir for UTI-causing pathogens such as Escherichia coli, which causes > 80% of UTIs.

RESULTS: The overall taxonomic composition, community diversity, carriage of functional pathways and gene families, and relative abundances …

Fate Of Nitrate During Groundwater Recharge In A Fractured Karst Aquifer In Southwest Germany, Anna-Neva Visser, Moritz F. Lehman, Hermann Rügner, Fernando Mazo D’Affonseca, Peter Grathwohl, Nia Blackwell, Andreas Kappler, Karsten Osenbrück

KIP Articles

Over the past decades, fractured and karst groundwater systems have been studied intensively due to their high vulnerability to nitrate (NO3 − ) contamination, yet nitrogen (N) turnover processes within the recharge area are still poorly understood. This study investigated the role of the karstified recharge area in NO3 − transfer and turnover by combining isotopic analysis of NO3 − and nitrite (NO2 − ) with time series data of hydraulic heads and specific electrical conductivity from groundwater monitoring wells and a karstic spring in Germany. A large spatial variability of groundwater NO3 − concentrations (0.1–0.8 mM) was observed, which …

Correspondence Between Perceived Pubertal Development And Hormone Levels In 9-10 Year-Olds From The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study., Megan M Herting, Kristina A Uban, Marybel Robledo Gonzalez, Fiona C Baker, Eric C Kan, Wesley K Thompson, Douglas A Granger, Matthew D Albaugh, Andrey P Anokhin, Kara S Bagot, Marie T Banich, Deanna M Barch, Arielle Baskin-Sommers, Florence J Breslin, B J Casey, Bader Chaarani, Linda Chang, Duncan B Clark, Christine C Cloak, R Todd Constable, Linda B Cottler, Rada K Dagher, Mirella Dapretto, Anthony S Dick, Nico Dosenbach, Gayathri J Dowling, Julie A Dumas, Sarah Edwards, Thomas Ernst, Damien A Fair, Sarah W Feldstein-Ewing, Edward G Freedman, Bernard F Fuemmeler, Hugh Garavan, Dylan G Gee, Jay N Giedd, Paul E A Glaser, Aimee Goldstone, Kevin M Gray, Samuel W Hawes, Andrew C Heath, Mary M Heitzeg, John K Hewitt, Charles J Heyser, Elizabeth A Hoffman, Rebekah S Huber, Marilyn A. Huestis, Luke W Hyde, M Alejandra Infante, Masha Y Ivanova, Joanna Jacobus, Terry L Jernigan, Nicole R Karcher, Angela R Laird, Kimberly H Leblanc, Krista Lisdahl, Monica Luciana, Beatriz Luna, Hermine H Maes, Andrew T Marshall, Michael J Mason, Erin C Mcglade, Amanda S Morris, Bonnie J Nagel, Gretchen N Neigh, Clare E Palmer, Martin P Paulus, Alexandra S Potter, Leon I Puttler, Nishadi Rajapakse, Kristina Rapuano, Gloria Reeves, Perry F Renshaw, Claudiu Schirda, Kenneth J Sher, Chandni Sheth, Paul D Shilling, Lindsay M Squeglia, Matthew T Sutherland, Susan F Tapert, Rachel L Tomko, Deborah Yurgelun-Todd, Natasha E Wade, Susan R B Weiss, Robert A Zucker, Elizabeth R Sowell

Institute of Emerging Health Professions Faculty Papers

Aim: To examine individual variability between perceived physical features and hormones of pubertal maturation in 9-10-year-old children as a function of sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods: Cross-sectional metrics of puberty were utilized from the baseline assessment of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study—a multi-site sample of 9–10 year-olds (n = 11,875)—and included perceived physical features via the pubertal development scale (PDS) and child salivary hormone levels (dehydroepiandrosterone and testosterone in all, and estradiol in females). Multi-level models examined the relationships among sociodemographic measures, physical features, and hormone levels. A group factor analysis (GFA) was implemented to extract latent variables of pubertal …

Covid-19 Drugs And Medicines: A Scientometric Mapping Of Research Publications, Surulinathi Muthuraj, Arputha Sahayarani Y Research Scholar, Srinivasa Ragavan S Professor And Head, Library Information Science, Rajkumar N Research Scholar, Jayasuriya T Final Year Mlis

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This paper attempts to highlight the growth and development of Covid-19 drugs and medicine literature and make the quantitative and qualitative assessment by way of analyzing various features of research output and Citations impact based on the Web of Science database. A total of 6425 publications were published on Covid-19 drugs and medicine, which received 313411 Citations during 2020-2021. In all, there were 140 countries involved in research in Covid-19 drugs and medicine. The most productive countries are USA highest share of 1814(28.4%) publications and received 17779 Citations followed by Peoples Republic of China with 18623 Citations for 986(15.5%) …

Valtoco® (Diazepam Nasal Spray) For The Acute Treatment Of Intermittent Stereotypic Episodes Of Frequent Seizure Activity, Elyse M. Cornett, Sam N. Amarasinghe, Alexis Angelette, Tunde Abubakar, Adam M. Kaye, Alan David Kaye, Elisa E. Neuchat, Ivan Urits, Omar Viswanath

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

Valtoco® is a new FDA-approved nasal spray version of diazepam indicated for the treatment of acute, intermittent, and stereotypic episodes of frequent seizure activity in epilepsy patients six years of age and older. Although IV and rectal diazepam are already used to treat seizure clusters, Valtoco® has less variability in plasma concentration compared to rectal diazepam. Furthermore, the intranasal administration of Valtoco® is more convenient and less invasive than rectal or IV diazepam, making it ideal for self-administration outside of a hospital setting. Multiple clinical trials have taken place comparing Valtoco® to the oral, rectal, and IV forms of diazepam. …

Neuronal Actions Of Transspinal Stimulation On Locomotor Networks And Reflex Excitability During Walking In Humans With And Without Spinal Cord Injury, Md. Anamul Islam, Timothy S. Pulverenti, Maria Knikou

Publications and Research

This study investigated the neuromodulatory effects of transspinal stimulation on soleus H-reflex excitability and electromyographic (EMG) activity during stepping in humans with and without spinal cord injury (SCI). Thirteen able-bodied adults and 5 individuals with SCI participated in the study. EMG activity from both legs was determined for steps without, during, and after a single-pulse or pulse train transspinal stimulation delivered during stepping randomly at different phases of the step cycle. The soleus H-reflex was recorded in both subject groups under control conditions and following single-pulse transspinal stimulation at an individualized exactly similar positive and negative conditioning-test interval. The EMG …

When The Pandemic Opts For The Lockdown: Secretion System Evolution In The Cholera Bacterium, Francis J. Santoriello, Stefan Pukatzki

Publications and Research

Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of the diarrheal disease cholera, is a microbe capable of inhabiting two different ecosystems: chitinous surfaces in brackish, estuarine waters and the epithelial lining of the human gastrointestinal tract. V. cholerae defends against competitive microorganisms with a contact-dependent, contractile killing machine called the type VI secretion system (T6SS) in each of these niches. The T6SS resembles an inverted T4 bacteriophage tail and is used to deliver toxic effector proteins into neighboring cells. Pandemic strains of V. cholerae encode a unique set of T6SS effector proteins, which may play a role in pathogenesis or pandemic …

February 2021 Academic Affairs Minutes, University Of Nebraska At Kearney Academic Affairs Committee

Academic Affairs Committee Minutes

No abstract provided.

Points Of Pride, Georgia Southern University

Points of Pride (2013-2023)

• Rankings
• Academics
• Athletics
• Facilities
• Outreach
• Research

Evaluation Of Optimal Blood Culture Incubation Time To Maximize Clinically Relevant Results From A Contemporary Blood Culture Instrument And Media System, Eric M Ransom, Zahra Alipour, Meghan A Wallace, Carey-Ann D. Burnham

Open Access Publications

Timely diagnosis of microorganisms in blood cultures is necessary to optimize therapy. Although blood culture media and systems have evolved for decades, the standard interval for incubation prior to being discarded as negative has remained 5 days. Here, we evaluated the optimal incubation time for the BacT/Alert Virtuo blood culture detection system (bioMérieux) using FA Plus (aerobic) and FN Plus (anaerobic) resin culture bottles in routine clinical use. Following institutional review board (IRB) approval, a retrospective review evaluated the outcomes of 158,710 bottles collected between November 2018 and October 2019. The number of positive blood bottles was 13,592 (8.6%); 99% …

Racial Disparities In Necrotizing Enterocolitis., Alain Cuna, Venkatesh Sampath, Minesh Khashu

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious disease of the intestinal tract affecting 5-10% of pre-term infants with up to 50% mortality in those that require surgery. There is wide variation in the rates and outcomes of NEC by race and ethnicity, and the reasons for this disparity are poorly understood. In this article, we review the epidemiology and discuss possible explanations for racial and ethnic differences in NEC. Most of the current evidence investigating the role of race in NEC comes from North America and suggests that Hispanic ethnicity and non-Hispanic Black race are associated with higher risk of NEC …

Measurement Of Information: A Review Article, Dariush Alimohammadi

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Purpose - Measurement of information has long been studied for many years from different perspectives. Acknowledging this diversity, the article aims at reviewing approaches to the information measurement.

Design/methodology/approach – Literature review method was used to analyze and interpret main approaches of measuring information.

Findings - Logarithm, volume, syntax, probability and entropy, quantity, impact, value, and energy of information were identified and investigated in detail as the major approaches to the information measurement.

Originality/value - Discussing strengths and weaknesses of each approach, it concludes that a multi-dimensional approach would help us measure the information more accurate.

Sars-Cov-2 Early Infection Signature Identified Potential Key Infection Mechanisms And Drug Targets, Yue Li, Ashley Duche, Michael R. Sayer, Don Roosan, Farid G. Khalafalla, Rennolds S. Ostrom, Jennifer Totonchy, Moom Roosan

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background

The ongoing COVID-19 outbreak has caused devastating mortality and posed a significant threat to public health worldwide. Despite the severity of this illness and 2.3 million worldwide deaths, the disease mechanism is mostly unknown. Previous studies that characterized differential gene expression due to SARS-CoV-2 infection lacked robust validation. Although vaccines are now available, effective treatment options are still out of reach.

Results

To characterize the transcriptional activity of SARS-CoV-2 infection, a gene signature consisting of 25 genes was generated using a publicly available RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) dataset of cultured cells infected with SARS-CoV-2. The signature estimated infection level accurately in …

Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of Α7-Nicotinic Ach Receptors Are Exerted Through Interactions With Adenylyl Cyclase-6, Simeng Zhu, Shiqian Huang, Guofang Xia, Jin Wu, Yan Shen, Ying Wang, Rennolds S. Ostrom, Ailian Du, Chengxing Shen, Congfeng Xu

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background and purpose

Alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (CHRNA7) suppress inflammation through diverse pathways in immune cells, so is potentially involved in a number of inflammatory diseases. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying CHRNA7’s anti‐inflammatory effects remain elusive.

Experimental approach

The anti‐inflammatory effects of CHRNA7 agonists in both murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) and bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDM) stimulated with LPS were examined. The role of adenylyl cyclase 6 (AC6) in Toll‐like Receptor 4 (TLR4) degradation was explored via overexpression and knockdown. A mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was used to confirm key findings.

Results

Anti‐inflammatory effects of CHRNA7 were …

Relationship Among Seed Parameters And Flowering Cycles On Three Gamba Grass (Andropogon Gayanus Kunth) Segregating Populations, R. Usberti, J. A. Usberti Jr., P. B. Alcantara, V. B. G. Alcantara, Waldssimiler T. Mattos, R. A. Possenti, Luciana Gerdes, M. A. C. Lucena, A. T. Tsuhako

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Selection For Low Oxalic Acid Content On Three Setarias Phacelata Segregating Populations, J. A. Usberti Jr., R. Usberti, P. B. Alcantara, W. B. G. Alcantara, R. A. Possenti, Waldssimiler T. Mattos, M. A. C. Lucena, Luciana Gerdes, A. T. Tsuhako

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Drought‐Tolerance In Perennial Ryegrass: A Cisgenic® Approach, Kerry Templeton, C. Bryant, M. Biswas, G. Gill, S. Bajaj, P. Sathish, C. Hanley

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

How A Low-Cost Method For Cumulative Water-Sampling Shows Need For Improvement Of Legal Public-Contact Standards In The United States, Samuel C. Kessler

Grawemeyer Colloquium Papers

Across the world, it is estimated that 4.5 billion people live near water sources “impaired” for use or contact. Standards for human-interaction are established by international organizations such as the WHO, and legislative bodies from national to local levels with jurisdiction over the quality of our waterways to ensure public & environmental health. Standards are often assessed from “grab-samples” taken from a waterbody at a certain time, with a minimum number analyzed. Water-quality standards in the United States are enforced under the Clean Water Act (CWA) via the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), applying to “waters of the United States” (WOTUS). …

Bark- And Wood-Infesting Coleoptera And Associated Parasitoids Reared From Shagbark Hickory (Carya Ovata) And Slippery Elm (Ulmus Rubra) In Ingham County, Michigan, Robert A. Haack

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Ten species of bark- and wood-infesting Coleoptera (borers) and five parasitoid species (Hymenoptera) were reared from shagbark hickory (Carya ovata) branches 1-2 years after tree death, and similarly, seven borers and eight parasitoids were reared from slippery elm (Ulmus rubra) branches one year after tree death in Ingham County, Michigan, in 1986-87. The borers were species of bostrichids, buprestids, cerambycids, and curculionids (including Scolytinae). The parasitoids were braconids, chalcidids, eurytomids, ichneumonids, and pteromalids. One new larval host record was recorded: the cerambycid Urgleptes querci (Fitch), being reared from U. rubra. This paper presents new Michigan …

Sirex Nigricornis (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) Larval Development Correlated With Tree Characteristics And Ophiostomoid Fungal Infection, Jess Hartshorn, Larry D. Galligan, Fred Stephen

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The native North American wood wasp, Sirex nigricornis F., has received significant attention over the last several years due to the introduction and successful establishment of the European wood wasp, S. noctilio L. in eastern North America. Larval size and development of S. nigricornis are important variables that can help to compare demography of the two species and predict future interactions. We measured head capsule width, body length, and weight of S. nigricornis larvae removed from 14 pine trees, felled across the Ozark and Ouachita National Forests of Arkansas in 2012. We also recorded the height at which larvae were …