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Articles 8461 - 8490 of 10812
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Night Of Awakening: Strength And Empowerment In The Young Adult Fiction Genre, Shelby Ann Davis
Night Of Awakening: Strength And Empowerment In The Young Adult Fiction Genre, Shelby Ann Davis
Undergraduate Honors Theses
The Young Adult Fantasy genre is often written off as a useless, or immature form of writing. However, there are studies that prove that this specific genre is not only engaging, but it is also empowering for young readers. By writing toward adolescent readers, authors are able to promote various ways in which their characters adjust or interact with their surroundings, which also influences their readers’ self and social awareness. By representing feminist perspectives and depicting the effects of trauma, YA literature fosters progressive social change and conveys the importance of mental health. In writing my own novel, The Night …
Forage News [2021-01], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky
Forage News [2021-01], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky
Forage News
No abstract provided.
Black Urban Ecologies And Structural Extermination, Etienne C. Toussaint
Black Urban Ecologies And Structural Extermination, Etienne C. Toussaint
Faculty Publications
Residents of low-income, metropolitan communities across the United States frequently live in “food apartheid” neighborhoods—areas with limited access to nutrient-rich and fresh food. Local government law scholars, poverty law scholars, and political theorists have long argued that structural racism embedded in America’s political economy influences the uneven development of such Black urban ecologies. Accordingly, food justice scholars have called for local governments to develop urban agricultural markets that combat racism in global corporatized food systems by localizing food development. These demands have only amplified during the COVID-19 pandemic, which has ravaged Black communities where residents suffer from preexisting health conditions …
Risk Of Readmissions For Medical And Surgical Patients Who “Self-Discharge” Leaving Hospitals Against Medical Advice, Kedrick Leonardo Williams
Risk Of Readmissions For Medical And Surgical Patients Who “Self-Discharge” Leaving Hospitals Against Medical Advice, Kedrick Leonardo Williams
MUSC Theses and Dissertations
Research indicates that as hospital costs increase and Emergency Room wait times grow, more patients leave facilities against medical advice at the detriment to their medical condition and higher risk for mortality (Reese, 2019). Discharges against medical advice (DAMA), in which a patient chooses to leave the hospital without physician approval, is a growing problem for patients and providers (Taqueti, 2007; Carrese, 2006). Patients who DAMA only represent 1-2% of hospital admissions; however, this small group is quite significant due to their high readmission and mortality rates (Lee et al., 2016). It is therefore important to understand characteristics of these …
Exploration Of Supportive Care In Advanced Disease Prostate Cancer Survivors, Alejandra Calvo-Schimmel
Exploration Of Supportive Care In Advanced Disease Prostate Cancer Survivors, Alejandra Calvo-Schimmel
MUSC Theses and Dissertations
According to the National Cancer Institute, in 2019, there were approximately 17 million cancer survivors in the United States, of whom 3.7 million were prostate cancer (PC) survivors. Due to an increase in life expectancy, extensive screening, and novel therapies, this number is expected to continue rising in the coming years. PC survivors in advanced stages (III, IV, or recurrent) are particularly prone to experience a wide range of harmful effects that stem from cancer and the many treatments they undergo during this cancer’s long trajectory. Past research has highlighted the importance of implementing supportive care as a standard for …
A Program Evaluation Of Direct Primary Care: Assessment Of In-Person Visits, Phone And Text Message Utilization By Age, Gender, Family Status, And Risk Stratification, Kyle Poss
MUSC Theses and Dissertations
Direct Primary Care (DPC) is one of the fastest growing models of care innovation in the United States. Despite such dramatic growth and national policy support, there is little to no research available to help understand this model. The purpose of this program evaluation is to better understand the emerging model of DPC as it is being delivered across 8 participating DPC organizations. A retrospective, longitudinal analysis has been performed utilizing electronic health record, telehealth, and membership data from full-years 2018 and 2019 to identify utilization patterns across stratified DPC patient populations. Patient records will be stratified by gender, age, …
The Relationship Between Post-Stroke Depression And Post-Stroke Dysphagia, Janet Horn
The Relationship Between Post-Stroke Depression And Post-Stroke Dysphagia, Janet Horn
MUSC Theses and Dissertations
Background: Post-stroke dysphagia and post-stroke depression (PSD) can have devastating effects on stroke survivors and substantial financial impacts on the healthcare system; however, there is a dearth of research examining this patient population. Thus, we studied the incidence, risk, and cost of PSD in patients with post-stroke dysphagia. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study of individuals with a primary diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke and secondary diagnoses of dysphagia and/or depression using administrative claims data from the 2017 Medicare 5% Limited Data Set. Additionally, we developed a novel dysphagia severity index for use with administrative data and applied it …
Outcomes And Factors Influencing Relapse And Recidivism In A Rural Substance Abuse Treatment Program Collaborative, Nikki King
MUSC Theses and Dissertations
Intensive Outpatient programs for mental health and substance abuse have been shown to be an effective option for individuals with substance use disorders. Despite this, there are few options for individuals seeking this form of treatment in rural communities. It is often believed that high quality programs that address the core systemic social issues that underlie substance use disorders are too expensive for small rural healthcare organizations to utilize. This model shows one treatment program that is able to address multiple social safety net issues and produce positive outcomes in a rural setting by leveraging community partnerships, as well as …
Effectiveness Of Group Work Contracts To Facilitate Collaborative Group Learning And Reduce Anxiety In Traditional Face-To-Face Lecture And Online Distance Education Course Formats, Sydney F. Brannen, David Beauchamp, Nadia M. Cartwright, Danyelle M. Liddle, Justine M. Tishinsky, Genevieve Newton, Jennifer M. Monk
Effectiveness Of Group Work Contracts To Facilitate Collaborative Group Learning And Reduce Anxiety In Traditional Face-To-Face Lecture And Online Distance Education Course Formats, Sydney F. Brannen, David Beauchamp, Nadia M. Cartwright, Danyelle M. Liddle, Justine M. Tishinsky, Genevieve Newton, Jennifer M. Monk
International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning
Group work (GW) in undergraduate education facilitates the development of communication and collaborative skills. However, dysfunctional and inequitable group dynamics can have adverse effects, leading to increased anxiety. This research sought to determine the effectiveness of a Group Work Contract to facilitate the GW process in the face-to-face (n=168) and online (n=105) formats of a third year nutritional science course. Changes in students’ attitudes and approaches to GW were assessed before (semester week 4) and after (semester week 12) completion of the contract and assignment via online surveys. The results in both course formats were similar, wherein the Group Work …
Ic025: Marianne Marcus, Transcript, University Of Texas Health Science Center At Houston. School Of Nursing
Ic025: Marianne Marcus, Transcript, University Of Texas Health Science Center At Houston. School Of Nursing
Cizik School of Nursing 50th Anniversary
Transcript of the oral history interview with Marianne Marcus. See more at University of Texas School of Nursing records and its finding aid.
Birth Characteristics And Risk Of Early-Onset Ovarian Cancer, Soo Jung Kang
Birth Characteristics And Risk Of Early-Onset Ovarian Cancer, Soo Jung Kang
Public Health Theses
Background: Little is known on the etiology of early-onset ovarian cancer. We conducted a population-based case-control study in California to evaluate the role of birth characteristics on the development of early-onset ovarian cancer. Methods: Data from the California Linkage Study of Early-onset Cancers, a population-based case-control linkage study, was used. This study included 895 first primary ovarian cancer patients who were born in 1978 – 2013 and diagnosed at the age of 0-37 years and 44,750 controls frequency matched on year of birth. We utilized multivariable logistic regression analyses with the backward selection procedure to estimate odds ratios (OR) and …
A Qualitative Analysis Of Facilitators And Barriers To Breastfeeding Among Black Mothers In The Greater New Haven Area, Victoria Dan-Vi Tran
A Qualitative Analysis Of Facilitators And Barriers To Breastfeeding Among Black Mothers In The Greater New Haven Area, Victoria Dan-Vi Tran
Public Health Theses
Objective: Racial and ethnic disparities in breastfeeding persist in Connecticut, with Black and African American mothers breastfeeding at the lowest rate. A qualitative study of Black mothers in the Greater New Haven Area was conducted to understand the barriers and facilitators to breastfeeding. Methods: A qualitative design adapting the Barrier Analysis tool was used to conduct in-depth focus groups with Black mothers who did exclusively breastfeed for 3 months (EBF3) and Black mothers who did not exclusively breastfeed for 3 months (NEBF3). 3 focus groups were conducted with EBF3 participants and 3 focus groups were conducted with NEBF3 participants. Focus …
2021 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report
2021 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report
Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports
Cow-Calf Nutrition and Management: Metabolic Profile Associated with Pre-Breeding Puberty Status in Range Beef Heifers 5 • Milk Production Impacts on Cow Reproductive and Calf Growth Performance 8 • Genetic Selection Tools: Using Pooling to Capture Commercial Data for Inclusion in Genetic Evaluations 11 • Categorization of Birth Weight Phenotypes for Inclusion in Genetic Evaluations Using a Deep Neural Network 14 • Genetic Parameter Estimates for Age at Slaughter and Days to Finish in a Multibreed Population 16
Growing Calf and Yearling Management: Effects of Monensin and Protein Type on Performance of Yearling Steers Grazing Smooth Bromegrass Pastures 18 • …
Perceptions Of Barriers And Benefits Of Manure Use In Cropping Systems, Richard Koelsch, Daniel Andersen, Erin Cortus, Leslie Johnson, Amy Schmidt, Siok A. Siek, Melissa Wilson
Perceptions Of Barriers And Benefits Of Manure Use In Cropping Systems, Richard Koelsch, Daniel Andersen, Erin Cortus, Leslie Johnson, Amy Schmidt, Siok A. Siek, Melissa Wilson
Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports
Animal agriculture is tasked with recycling the nitrogen and phosphorus in manures in an environmentally sound manner, typically as a soil fertility amendment, which often requires voluntary transfer of manures to crop farms on which there may be little or no history of manure use. # e ability of manure to compete with commercially available fertilizers is essential for this transfer. A survey was conducted of farmers’ and their advisors’ perceptions of the benefits and barriers to manure use in crops. There exists a strong recognition of manure’s agronomic, yield, and soil health benefits. However, many challenges associated with manure …
The Relationship Of Liver Abscess Scores And Early Postmortem Meat Tenderness, Nicolas J. Herrera, Felipe A. Ribeiro, Nicolas A. Bland, Morgan L. Henriott, Kellen B. Hart, Chris Calkins
The Relationship Of Liver Abscess Scores And Early Postmortem Meat Tenderness, Nicolas J. Herrera, Felipe A. Ribeiro, Nicolas A. Bland, Morgan L. Henriott, Kellen B. Hart, Chris Calkins
Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports
Acidosis is one of the most common nutritional disorders found in commercial feedlots. Cattle diets with high concentrations of starch can cause rapid production of acids in the rumen, disrupting microbial fermentation, causing liver abscess formation, and lowering livestock performance. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between the occurrence of liver abscesses and beef tenderness early postmortem. Results showed numerically lesser shear force values (greater tenderness) in loins from animals without liver abscesses, however, this was not statistically significant for slice shear force or Warner- Bratzler shear force. Although the effects of liver abscess occurrence in relation to …
Proteomic Analysis Of Oxidized Proteins In Beef, Nicolas A. Bland, Nicolas J. Herrera, Felipe A. Ribeiro, Morgan L. Henriott, Kellen B. Hart, Chris Calkins
Proteomic Analysis Of Oxidized Proteins In Beef, Nicolas A. Bland, Nicolas J. Herrera, Felipe A. Ribeiro, Morgan L. Henriott, Kellen B. Hart, Chris Calkins
Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports
To evaluate the effects of diet and quality grade on tenderness and oxidative damage to proteins, strip loins from USDA Upper 2/3rd Choice and Select- grade carcasses were obtained. Steers were fed either a diet containing dry rolled corn, steam flaked corn, dry rolled corn with 30% dried distillers grains with solubles, or steam flaked corn with 30% dried distillers grain with solubles. Results suggest that steaks from steers fed dry rolled corn are more objectively tender than steam flaked corn; in addition, steaks grading USDA Upper 2/3rd Choice steaks were more tender when compared to USDA Select quality grade. …
Alternative Heifer Development Systems Utilizing Corn Residue And Cover Crops, Hannah F. Speer, Hannah E. Riley, R. A. Cushman, Harvey C. Freetly, M. E. Drewnoski
Alternative Heifer Development Systems Utilizing Corn Residue And Cover Crops, Hannah F. Speer, Hannah E. Riley, R. A. Cushman, Harvey C. Freetly, M. E. Drewnoski
Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports
Copyright © 2020 The Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska.
Becoming Msm: Sexual Minorities And Public Health Regimes In Vietnam, Alfred Montoya
Becoming Msm: Sexual Minorities And Public Health Regimes In Vietnam, Alfred Montoya
Sociology & Anthropology Faculty Research
This article explores the discursive and practical marking of male sexual minorities in Vietnam, as targets of a series of biopolitical regimes whose aim, ostensibly, was and is to secure the health and wellbeing of the population (from the French colonial period to the present), regimes which linked biology, technoscientific intervention and normative sexuality in the service of state power. Campaigns against sex workers, drug users, and briefly male sexual minorities, seriously exacerbated the marginalization and stigmatization of these groups, particularly with the emergence of HIV/AIDS in Vietnam in 1990. This article also considers how the contemporary apparatus constructed to …
Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa) Productivity Influenced By Microbial Inocula Under Nitrogen-Limited Conditions In Aquaponics., Jessica A Day, Christian Diener, Anne E Otwell, Kourtney E Tams, Brad Bebout, Angela M Detweiler, Michael D Lee, Madeline T Scott, Wilson Ta, Monica Ha, Shienna A Carreon, Kenny Tong, Abdirizak A Ali, Sean M Gibbons, Nitin S Baliga
Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa) Productivity Influenced By Microbial Inocula Under Nitrogen-Limited Conditions In Aquaponics., Jessica A Day, Christian Diener, Anne E Otwell, Kourtney E Tams, Brad Bebout, Angela M Detweiler, Michael D Lee, Madeline T Scott, Wilson Ta, Monica Ha, Shienna A Carreon, Kenny Tong, Abdirizak A Ali, Sean M Gibbons, Nitin S Baliga
Articles, Abstracts, and Reports
The demand for food will outpace productivity of conventional agriculture due to projected growth of the human population, concomitant with shrinkage of arable land, increasing scarcity of freshwater, and a rapidly changing climate. While aquaponics has potential to sustainably supplement food production with minimal environmental impact, there is a need to better characterize the complex interplay between the various components (fish, plant, microbiome) of these systems to optimize scale up and productivity. Here, we investigated how the commonly-implemented practice of continued microbial community transfer from pre-existing systems might promote or impede productivity of aquaponics. Specifically, we monitored plant growth phenotypes, …
A Party Platter Of Peer-Reviewed Oer Assignments, Elizabeth Jardine, Ece Aykol, Justin Rogers-Cooper
A Party Platter Of Peer-Reviewed Oer Assignments, Elizabeth Jardine, Ece Aykol, Justin Rogers-Cooper
Publications and Research
Many colleges and universities have adopted core competencies during the last two decades. Their adoption reflects larger national trends in outcomes assessment, teaching and learning, and regional accreditation. Faculty at LaGuardia Community College sought model assignments with reflections on their design that speak to the college’s core competencies— integrative learning, inquiry and problem-solving, and global learning—and the communication abilities that students use to express them—written, oral, and digital communication abilities. In response, the college’s assessment leaders looked to the assignment library created by the National Institute for Learning Outcomes Assessment (NILOA) for inspiration. They developed the Learning Matters Assignment Library, …
Testing Cost Containment Of Future Healthcare With Maintained Or Improved Quality—The Costcares Project, Karl Swedberg, Desmond Cawley, Inger Ekman, Heather L. Rogers, Darijana Antonic, Daiga Behmane, Ida Björkman Ida Björkman, Nicky Britten, Sandra C. Buttigieg, Vivienne Byers, Mats Börjesson, Kirsten Corazzini, Andreas Fors, Bradi Granger, Boban Joksimoski, Boban Joksimoski, Roman Lewandowski, Virgilijus Sakalauskas, Einav Srulovici, Jan Törnell, Sara Wallström, Axel Wolf, Helen M. Lloyd
Testing Cost Containment Of Future Healthcare With Maintained Or Improved Quality—The Costcares Project, Karl Swedberg, Desmond Cawley, Inger Ekman, Heather L. Rogers, Darijana Antonic, Daiga Behmane, Ida Björkman Ida Björkman, Nicky Britten, Sandra C. Buttigieg, Vivienne Byers, Mats Börjesson, Kirsten Corazzini, Andreas Fors, Bradi Granger, Boban Joksimoski, Boban Joksimoski, Roman Lewandowski, Virgilijus Sakalauskas, Einav Srulovici, Jan Törnell, Sara Wallström, Axel Wolf, Helen M. Lloyd
Other resources
Increasing healthcare costs need to be contained in order to maintain equality of access to care for all EU citizens. A cross-disciplinary consortium of experts was supported by the EU FP7 research programme, to produce a roadmap on cost containment, while maintaining or improving the quality of healthcare. The roadmap comprises two drivers: person-centred care and health promotion; five critical enablers also need to be addressed: information technology, quality measures, infrastructure, incentive systems, and contracting strategies.
2021-2022 Nsu Undergraduate Student Catalog, Nova Southeastern University
2021-2022 Nsu Undergraduate Student Catalog, Nova Southeastern University
Undergraduate Programs Course Catalogs
No abstract provided.
Optimizing Maternal, Newborn, And Child Health Outcomes Through Use Of Multidisciplinary 'Improve' Teams In Lesotho: Costing Component, Adebiyi Adesina, Rachael Linder, Lori Bollinger
Optimizing Maternal, Newborn, And Child Health Outcomes Through Use Of Multidisciplinary 'Improve' Teams In Lesotho: Costing Component, Adebiyi Adesina, Rachael Linder, Lori Bollinger
HIV and AIDS
This study builds on the USAID-funded prevention of mother-to-child transmission service delivery program (IMPROVE) already being implemented by Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation in Lesotho. Rather than designing a suite of entirely new services and delivery platforms, the intervention (conducted under Project SOAR) focused on improving existing services and strengthening the connection between facility- and community-based care. This brief describes the approach and key quantitative findings of the costing component of the IMPROVE intervention from the service provider perspective.
Mindfulness: How It Affects Pregnancy, Labor And Delivery, Olivia R. Snipes
Mindfulness: How It Affects Pregnancy, Labor And Delivery, Olivia R. Snipes
OUR Journal: ODU Undergraduate Research Journal
Pregnancy is a very physical and mental process during which many women face a wide variety of complications. The influx of hormones that happens during pregnancy has the ability to make pregnant women more susceptible to depression, anxiety and other stress related illnesses. High levels of stress can negatively affect the mother and unborn child and potentially the mother-child relationship. Many women prefer not to take the pharmaceutical route when coping with stress, anxiety and depression while pregnant. As a result, mindfulness practices have been utilized as an alternative method to reduce the negative effects of these complications and lower …
Effects Of A Low Crude Protein Diet With And Without Spirulina Platensis Inclusion On White Blood Cell Profiles In Broilers, Heather Glenn, Garrett J. Mullenix, Gisela F. Erf
Effects Of A Low Crude Protein Diet With And Without Spirulina Platensis Inclusion On White Blood Cell Profiles In Broilers, Heather Glenn, Garrett J. Mullenix, Gisela F. Erf
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Spirulina microalgae is an alternative protein source under consideration for feed formulation in commercial broiler production. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a low crude protein (LCP) diet and a LCP diet formulated with 100 g/kg Spirulina (LCP-SP) on blood cell measurements in broilers. One-day-old Ross 708 male broilers were assigned to three dietary treatments: a standard crude protein (SCP), the LCP, or the LCP-SP diet, with five pens/treatment. When the chickens were 37-days old, blood samples were obtained from 2 birds/pen. Each blood sample was used to determine 1) the concentrations of white blood …
Exploring How Maternal Phosphorus Status Affects Calf Growth And Performance, Elizabeth Lafferty, Beth Kegley, Brittni Littlejohn, Jeremy Powell
Exploring How Maternal Phosphorus Status Affects Calf Growth And Performance, Elizabeth Lafferty, Beth Kegley, Brittni Littlejohn, Jeremy Powell
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Phosphorus is an important component of bodily functions and is critical for adequate growth and development. This experiment evaluated the effect of maternal phosphorus intake on the growth and health of the calves. Treatments were 1) a free-choice mineral containing no supplemental P or 2) a free-choice mineral with 4% supplemental phosphorus. Primiparous, or pregnant for the first time, crossbred Angus beef cows (n = 36) were stratified by body weight and pregnancy status (bred by artificial insemination or natural service) then assigned to pasture groups (4 groups, 2/treatment, 9 heifers/group). These bred heifers had been receiving these same dietary …
Willingness-To-Pay For Halal And Branded Poultry In Northern Mozambique, Alison J. Creasey, L. Lanier Nalley
Willingness-To-Pay For Halal And Branded Poultry In Northern Mozambique, Alison J. Creasey, L. Lanier Nalley
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
While price typically drives consumers’ food-purchasing decisions in low-income countries, religious attributes associated with food production and corporate branding could influence buying patterns. In Mozambique, more than 46% of people were living below the poverty line of ($0.31 USD) per day in 2018. That being said, in the Nampula Province (the location of this study), which is the second poorest province in the country, over 25% of the population is Muslim and may be willing-to-pay (WTP) a premium for Halal meat products to uphold Islamic beliefs. Like many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, poultry is the fastest-growing source of protein. Since …
Recommendations For Clinical Laboratory Testing For Protein S Deficiency: Communication From The Ssc Committee Plasma Coagulation Inhibitors Of The Isth, Richard A. Marlar, Jana N. Gausman, Hiroko Tsuda, Marian A. Rollins-Raval, Herm Jan M. Brinkman
Recommendations For Clinical Laboratory Testing For Protein S Deficiency: Communication From The Ssc Committee Plasma Coagulation Inhibitors Of The Isth, Richard A. Marlar, Jana N. Gausman, Hiroko Tsuda, Marian A. Rollins-Raval, Herm Jan M. Brinkman
Pathology Research and Scholarship
Hereditary deficiencies of protein S (PS) increase the risk of venous thrombosis; however, assessing the plasma levels of PS can be difficult because of its complex physiological interactions in plasma, sample-related preanalytical variables, and numerous acquired disease processes. Reliable laboratory assays are essential for accurate evaluation of PS when diagnosing a congenital deficiency based on the plasma phenotype alone. This report presents the current evidence-based recommendations for clinical PS assays as well as when to test for PS abnormalities.
Building The Fat Girl Table: Excavating Cultural Memory Of Queer Fat Activism In The ‘90s, Rose Gelfand
Building The Fat Girl Table: Excavating Cultural Memory Of Queer Fat Activism In The ‘90s, Rose Gelfand
Scripps Senior Theses
When we recount the histories of social movements, there is a tendency to imagine either a steady, linear march towards progress or a slow descent from radical ideas into complacency. The feminist movement gets painted in waves, progressing from white to intersectional, while in the LGBTQ+ rights movement the contrast of the Stonewall Riots & ACT UP with late 2010s focus on gay marriage and the corporatization of Pride is understood as a watering down and betrayal of the movement’s origins. Cultural memory is a constant process of construction and revision, and of course the truth of movements’ trajectories are …
Workplace Transparency Beyond Disclosure: What's Blocking The View?, Lisa J. Bernt
Workplace Transparency Beyond Disclosure: What's Blocking The View?, Lisa J. Bernt
Marquette Law Review
Recent developments have exacerbated informational asymmetry between
employers and workers. Employers increasingly use “black box” automateddecision
systems, such as machine learning processes where algorithms are
used in recruitment and hiring. They have technological tools that enable
intense monitoring of workers. Contemporary work relationships have
changed, with trends toward remote and scattered worksites. Employees are
more frequently bound by nondisclosure agreements, non-disparagement
provisions, and mandatory arbitration agreements. These developments have
made it more difficult for workers to communicate with each other and to act
collectively.