Digital Commons Network^™

Skeletal Muscle Cell Growth Alters The Lipid Composition Of Extracellular Vesicles, Taylor R. Valentino, Blake D. Rule, C Brooks Mobley, Mariana Nikolova-Karakashian, Ivan Jose Vechetti Jr

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

We sought to characterize the lipid profile of skeletal muscle cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) to determine if a hypertrophic stimulus would affect the lipid composition of C2C12 myotube-derived EVs. Analyses included C2C12 murine myoblasts differentiated into myotubes and treated with Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) for 24 h to induce hypertrophic growth. EVs were isolated from cell culture media, quantified using Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) and analyzed using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). EVs were homogenized and lipids extracted for quantification by Mass Spectrometry followed by downstream lipid class enrichment and lipid chain analysis. IGF-1 treatment elicited an increase in CD63 …

Phosphatidylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase (Pemt) Knockout Mice Exhibit Worse Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury Than Wildtype Mice, Ireland M. Murphy, Matthew C. Paal, Srinivas Chava, Madan Kumar Arumugam, Kusum K. Kharbanda

Posters: 2021 Summer Undergraduate Research Program

Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) is an enzyme that catalyzes the successive transfer of 3 methyl groups from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to generate phosphatidylcholine (PC). PC is vital for exporting fat out of the liver, ultimately preventing hepatic steatosis. Alcohol also induces steatosis partly through damaging this pathway, so the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between alcohol and PEMT in the liver. PEMT -/- (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to a chronic + binge alcohol treatment, and both serum and liver samples were analyzed. Triglyceride quantification, SAM and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) levels, and histological analyses …

Creating Virtual Health Courses For Public Use And Public Awareness, Akash Basavaraju '22

2021 Intern Reports

Health resources are crucial to promoting healthier behaviors in society. Robust marketing campaigns are often utilized by healthcare workers and organizations to raise awareness about such health resources. A common method of marketing is community outreach. Community outreach is the process by which organizations educate the public about a certain topic, study, or idea through the use of campaigns (Riesch et al., 2013). Clinics and other healthcare organizations often present their practice at local fairs and other community events and even perform basic procedures, like blood pressure tests, on people. During my summer internship at the Family First Physicians office, …

Continuous Glucose Monitoring: Optimizing Type 1 Diabetes Management In Older Adults, Alyssa Clements

Theses and Graduate Projects

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) impacts many individuals around the world. Treatment goals of T1D include lowering hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values while minimizing the time spent in hypoglycemia. Frequent glucose monitoring is required to achieve optimal glycemic control.

Background: HbA1c has been used for many years to track glycemic control. When discussing care of older adults, hypoglycemia is a more important marker to track. The risks associated with hypoglycemia are higher among older adults with T1D than the general population. Multimorbidity, polypharmacy, and age-related mental decline increase the likelihood and danger of severe hypoglycemic episodes. Self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) provides …

Factors That Impact Outcome In Patients Post-Esophagectomy, Leona Jakupi

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: Esophageal malignancy and severe benign esophageal disorders are now treated by esophagectomy. Although mortality rates after esophagectomy have progressively decreased, many patients continue to suffer from increasing problems despite advances in patient selection, surgical techniques, and postoperative care. The purpose of this research is to determine the perioperative variables that affect morbidity and mortality after esophagectomy.

Methods: A thorough search of Google Scholar, UpToDate, and the Lindell Library was conducted to find previously published papers describing the different outcomes related to esophagectomy. This research consulted a total of 30 reviews and two publications. The esophagus’s architecture, perioperative evaluations, surgical …

Assessing Maternal Dietary Iodine Intake During Pregnancy And Its Effect On Infant Birth Growth Outcomes, Nicole S. Bender

Posters: 2021 Summer Undergraduate Research Program

Iodine is an essential micronutrient that must be obtained through dietary sources such as dairy products, fish, and iodized salt. Iodine plays an important role in the function of the thyroid and its ability to produce triiodothyronine (T₃) and thyroxine (T₄). The thyroid is involved in fetal neurocognitive development and metabolism. The objective of this study was to assess whether maternal dietary iodine intake during pregnancy affects birth anthropometrics and gestation length in infants. This study enrolled 46 mother-infant pairs at the time of delivery for sample collection and completion of a dietary intake assessment. Only …

The Role Of Ot With Individuals Living With Eating Disorders: A Scoping Review, Claudia Ritchey, Steven M. Gerardi

Summer 2021 Virtual OTD Capstone Symposium

Background: Eating disorders (ED) are mental and physical illnesses that affect an individual globally, disrupting their ability to function and participate in daily life.

Objectives: The objective of this capstone project was to conduct a scoping review of the literature to define the role of OT in the treatment of clients with ED.

Methods: A database search was performed using the following electronic databases: CINAHL Complete, Medline, APA PsycInfo, and OpenDissertations, using the search terms “occupational therapist or occupational therapy” and “eating disorders or anorexia nervosa or bulimia or disordered eating”. Articles were screened and reviewed for the …

A Look Into User's Privacy Perceptions And Data Practices Of Iot Devices, Mahdi Nasrullah Al-Ameen, Apoorva Chauhan, M.A. Manazir Ahsan, Huzeyfe Kocabas

Computer Science Student Research

Purpose: With the rapid deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, it has been essential to address the security and privacy issues through maintaining transparency in data practices. The prior research focused on identifying people’s privacy preferences in different contexts of IoT usage, and their mental models of security threats. However, there is a dearth in existing literature to understand the mismatch between user’s perceptions and the actual data practices of IoT devices. Such mismatches could lead users unknowingly sharing their private information, exposing themselves to unanticipated privacy risks. We aim to identify these mismatched privacy perceptions in our work. …

Family & Friends, Volume 2, Number 9

Family & Friends, 1998-2006

Anita C. Moyt, Managing Editor. Contributors: J. Shane Wilson, Dana Ferguson, Steven Bradford, Melinda McSparrin, Laine McNeil, Rex Wockner, Gip Plaster, John Anderson.

Special thanks to Rhodes College and the Paul Barret Jr. Library for providing initial scanning of this collection.

Family & Friends, Volume 2, Number 12

Family & Friends, 1998-2006

Anita C. Moyt, Managing Editor. Contributors: J. Shane Wilson, Dana Ferguson, Steven Bradford, Melinda McSparrin, Laine McNeil, Rex Wockner, Gip Plaster, John Anderson, Hal Harmon.

Special thanks to Rhodes College and the Paul Barret Jr. Library for providing initial scanning of this collection.

Developing Methods To Detect And Diagnose Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy During Life: Rationale, Design, And Methodology For The Diagnose Cte Research Project, Jeffrey Cummings, Numerous Authors, See Full List Below

School of Medicine Faculty Research

Background: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease that has been neuropathologically diagnosed in brain donors exposed to repetitive head impacts, including boxers and American football, soccer, ice hockey, and rugby players. CTE cannot yet be diagnosed during life. In December 2015, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke awarded a seven-year grant (U01NS093334) to fund the “Diagnostics, Imaging, and Genetics Network for the Objective Study and Evaluation of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (DIAGNOSE CTE) Research Project.” The objectives of this multicenter project are to: develop in vivo fluid and neuroimaging biomarkers for CTE; characterize its clinical presentation; refine …

Maternal Diet During Pregnancy And Lactation And Child Food Preferences, Dietary Patterns, And Weight Outcomes: A Review Of Recent Research, Alison K. Ventura, Suzanne Phelan, Karina Silva Garcia

Kinesiology and Public Health

Purpose of Review Efforts to promote children’s preferences for healthy foods hold much potential for improving diet quality and preventing obesity. The purpose of this review was to summarize recent evidence for associations between maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation and child food preferences, dietary patterns, and weight outcomes.

Recent Findings Recent research illustrates greater maternal vegetable intakes during pregnancy and lactation predict greater child preferences for and intakes of vegetables. Recent randomized clinical trials to improve maternal weight outcomes during the perinatal period via behavioral lifestyle interventions that included dietary components have yielded mixed findings for effects on child …

Heterotrophic Dinoflagellate Growth And Grazing Rates Reduced By Microplastic Ingestion, Victoria M. Fulfer, Susanne Menden-Deuer

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

Microplastics are ubiquitous contaminants in marine ecosystems worldwide, threatening fisheries production, food safety, and human health. Ingestion of microplastics by fish and large zooplankton has been documented, but there are few studies focusing on single-celled marine predators, including heterotrophic dinoflagellates. In laboratory experiments, the heterotrophic dinoflagellate species Oxyrrhis marina and Gyrodinium sp. readily ingested both algal prey and polystyrene microplastic spheres (2.5–4.5 μm), while Protoperidinium sp. did not ingest microplastics. Compared to algae-only fed dinoflagellates, those that ingested microplastics had growth rates reduced by 25–35% over the course of 5 days. Reduced growth resulted in a 30–50% reduction of secondary …

Inflammation And Altered Signaling In Obstetric Pathologies, Ya-Fang Tsai

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research project was to elucidate the molecular interactions and detail the signaling pathways in obstetric pathologies. This work first seeks to understand inflammation related complications relevant to obstetrics. Prior research in our lab identified the implications of the receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) during inflammatory response in the placenta. Current work identified the presence of DNA double-strand breaks (DNA-DSBs) in inflammation associated pregnancy complications of preeclampsia (PE) and preterm labor (PTL) and demonstrated the positive role of RAGE in repairing the damage. The confluent relevance of disrupted mitochondrial function and inflammation has been recognized …

Developing Methods To Detect And Diagnose Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy During Life: Rationale, Design, And Methodology For The Diagnose Cte Research Project, Michael L Alosco, Daniel S Marcus, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease that has been neuropathologically diagnosed in brain donors exposed to repetitive head impacts, including boxers and American football, soccer, ice hockey, and rugby players. CTE cannot yet be diagnosed during life. In December 2015, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke awarded a seven-year grant (U01NS093334) to fund the "Diagnostics, Imaging, and Genetics Network for the Objective Study and Evaluation of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (DIAGNOSE CTE) Research Project." The objectives of this multicenter project are to: develop in vivo fluid and neuroimaging biomarkers for CTE; characterize its clinical presentation; refine …

Comparing Heavy Metal Content Found In Spinach (Spinacia Oleracea) Grown On The Roof And Ground Sites At Portland State University, Tyler Robin, Gwynn R. Johnson, Olyssa Starry

McNair Symposium

As a result of urbanization, fresh, healthy food can be expensive and easily contaminated but space for local farming is limited. Roofs can be underutilized in densely populated cities and can offer a space for local fresh farming. The purpose of this study is to find if growing leafy vegetables on the roof can limit heavy metal exposure from air pollutants. By growing Spinach on five roofs and five ground locations around the Portland State University campus, at varying heights, we can extract the heavy metals found in these greens and compare them to each other. The expected results show …

Hu Record, Vol 15, No. 6

The Howard University Record

Contents:

I. Editorials

II. Practicality as a Criterion in Curricula-Making - Howard H. Long

III. The Senegalese in the World War - E. C. Williams

IV. Architectural Education at Howard University - William A. Hazel

V. The Choice of a Profession - Kelly Miller

VI. Howard Alumni You Ought to Know

VII. Alumni Notes

VIII. University Notes

IX. Undergraduate Life

X. Undergraduate Opinion

XI. Clippings of General Interest

XII. Counterweights

The Relationship Between Socioeconomic Status And Blood Pressure, Christopher Bell

DePaul Discoveries

This paper examines the literature surrounding the relationship between blood pressure/hypertension and income. In addition, it examines blood pressure data in order to identify potential relationships between hypertension and income, race, and education. In reviewing the literature, the overall profile of the relationship between income and blood pressure in the United States is negative. However, there are some interesting nuances to this relationship that are discussed based on race and gender. Moreover, when looking abroad, evidence shows that the relationship between blood pressure and income can vary greatly depending on context. In looking at data from a youth sample, it …

A Life Cycle Assessment Of Hospital Food Waste: A Model For Large Scale Commercial Impact Reduction, Demeri E. Amodeo, Christie Klimas

DePaul Discoveries

Current commercial landfill diversion techniques typically focus on recycling, but this method can be environmentally costly when compared scenarios involving the implementation of composting or waste reduction within large facilites. A life cycle assessment (LCA) can be used to provide better information on the environmental impact of different landfill diversion strategies. In this LCA, the impacts of individiual products were quantified in terms of global warming potential, which provides comparable impact categories for analysis. This study gathered information from previous literature about plant-based and omnivorous diets to simulate what the possible impact would be for a city, like Chicago, to …

Re-Conceptualizing Food Consumption And Its Educational Values, Chi Hong Nguyen, Toan Quoc Tran, Hay Ngoc Huynh, Linh Thuy Pham, Chi Thien Huu Le

Essays in Education

Food consumption has been largely researched in many areas. Most extant studies have highlighted the influences of socio-economic and cultural factors on people’s eating habits. These studies inform policy strategies by proposing campaigns and methods to improve nutritional intake among people of diverse socio-economic and geographical backgrounds. At the same time, they implicitly point out that food consumption may carry educational values that are co-constructed through food eaters’ engagement with the world. This requires researchers to go beyond the current methodological approaches that epistemologically focus on the factors that influence nutritional intake and eating habits. While little is known about …

Type 2 Diabetes And A Plant Based Diet, Adrian Brown

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

I was diagnosed as a Type II diabetic a few years ago when I was living in South Korea working as an English teacher. I, like many of the diabetics that I now take care of, said many of the same excuses that they tell me:

Patient: I heard that I might be pre-diabetic.

Nurse: You are on metformin and your morning glucose is in the 180s.

Patient: I’m not diabetic.

Nurse: You have peripheral neuropathy.

Patient: I watch what I eat. I’m ok.

Nurse: You have hypertension high cholesterol and don’t exercise.

I've said all over those things. But …

Environmental Influences On Pediatric Asthma: The Role Of Social Determinants Of Health In Costa Rica, Katherine Huber

Theses and Graduate Projects

Pediatric asthma is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children worldwide. In Costa Rica, rates of childhood asthma are among the highest in the world. Many factors contribute to the rising prevalence of asthma, including increasing urbanization and westernization, indoor and outdoor air pollution, diet, and lifestyle. According to the WHO, air quality in Costa Rica is considered moderately unsafe, with a disproportionate exposure to air pollution in low-income urban areas. Social inequalities further contribute to the development and progression of asthma in Costa Rica. Children living in low socioeconomic neighborhoods have greater exposures to air …

On The Relationship Of Diabetes And Sleep Apnea: Evolution And Epigenetics, Nancy Wilson

Undergraduate Honors Theses

This thesis gives an overview of the relationship between diabetes, sleep apnea, obesity, and heart disease. It then addresses evidence that the traditional understanding of this relationship is incomplete or misleading. In the process, there is a brief discussion of the evolutionary rationale for the development and retention of sleep apnea in light of blood sugar dysregulation, as an adaptive mechanism in response to environmental stressors, followed by a brief overview of the general concepts of epigenetics. Finally, this paper presents the results of a literature search on the epigenetic marks and changes in gene expression found in sleep apnea …

Determining The Novel Pathogen Neodothiora Populina As The Causal Agent Of The Aspen Running Canker Disease In Alaska, Loretta M. Winton, Gerard C. Adams, Roger W. Ruess

Aspen Bibliography

Neodothiora populina Crous, G.C. Adams & Winton was determined to be a new pathogen of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) growing in Alaska, based on completion of Koch’s Postulates in replicated forest and growth chamber inoculation trials. The pathogen is responsible for severe damage and widespread rapid mortality of sapling to mature aspen (≥ 80 years) in the boreal forests of interior Alaska, due to large diffuse annual (1–2 years) cankers. Isolation of the pathogen was challenging, and identification based on cultural characters was difficult. Fruiting bodies were not found on wild diseased trees, but erumpent pycnidia were found …

The Vertical Greenery Systems Significant Role In Achieving Better Architectural And Urban Thermal Performance., Ahmed Morsi, Nesma Elian

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Vertical Greenery Systems (VGS) are self-sustaining garden systems that can be designed on the building envelope, they represent an innovative approach to rebalance the urban heat island phenomena that have become a major problem in recent times, resulting from urbanization and activities polluting the environment, especially in cities and urban with high density. These systems are becoming common and require further knowledge about their particular impacts on the building and the environment. In recent decades, various studies have been conducted to demonstrate that these systems can contribute to improving the urban environment and enhancing buildings' efficiency, though thermal research remains …

Family & Friends, Volume 1, Number 4

Family & Friends, 1998-2006

Patricia D. Pair, President/Publisher. Anita C. Moyt, Vice President/Editor. Contributors: J. Shane Wilson, Dana Ferguson, Steven Bradford, Frankie P. Cifaldi.

Special thanks to Rhodes College and the Paul Barret Jr. Library for providing initial scanning of this collection.

Family & Friends, Volume 1, Number 3

Family & Friends, 1998-2006

Patricia D. Pair, President/Publisher. Anita C. Moyt, Vice President/Editor. Contributors: J. Shane Wilson, Dana Ferguson, Steven Bradford, Frankie P. Cifaldi.


Special thanks to Rhodes College and the Paul Barret Jr. Library for providing initial scanning of this collection.

Family & Friends, Volume 1, Number 6

Family & Friends, 1998-2006

Patricia D. Pair, President/Publisher. Anita C. Moyt, Vice President/Editor. Contributors: J. Shane Wilson, Dana Ferguson, Steven Bradford, Frankie P. Cifaldi.

Special thanks to Rhodes College and the Paul Barret Jr. Library for providing initial scanning of this collection.

Office Of Research, Economic Engagement And Outreach Update, August 11, 2021, Office Of Research, Economic Engagement And Outreach

Office of Research, Economic Engagement and Outreach

No abstract provided.

Role Of A Cryptic Trna Gene Operon In Survival Under Translational Stress, Javier Santamaría-Gómez, Miguel Ángel Rubio, Rocío López-Igual, Ana B. Romero-Losada, Fernando M. Delgado-Chaves, Roque Bru-Martínez, Francisco J. Romero-Campero, Antonio Herrero, Michael Ibba, Jesús A. G. Ochoa De Alda, Ignacio Luque

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

As compared to eukaryotes, bacteria have a reduced tRNA gene set encoding between 30 and 220 tRNAs. Although in most bacterial phyla tRNA genes are dispersed in the genome, many species from distinct phyla also show genes forming arrays. Here, we show that two types of arrays with distinct evolutionary origins exist. This work focuses on long tRNA gene arrays (L-arrays) that encompass up to 43 genes, which disseminate by horizontal gene transfer and contribute supernumerary tRNA genes to the host. Although in the few cases previously studied these arrays were reported to be poorly transcribed, here we show that …