Digital Commons Network^™

Viewing Anti-Immigrant Hate Online: An Application Of Routine Activity And Social Structure-Social Learning Theory, Matthew Costello, Salvatore J. Restifo, James Hawdon

Sociology Faculty Publications

The increasingly prominent role of the Internet in the lives of Americans has resulted in more people coming into contact with various types of online content, including online hate material. One of the most common forms of online hate targets immigrants, seeking to position immigrants as threats to personal, national, economic, and cultural security. Given the recent rise in online hate targeting immigrants, this study examines factors that bring individuals into virtual contact with such material. Utilizing recently collected online survey data of American youth and young adults, we draw on insights from Routine Activity Theory and Social Structure-Social Learning …

Wav-Bert: Cooperative Acoustic And Linguistic Representation Learning For Low-Resource Speech Recognition, Guolin Zheng, Yubei Xiao, Ke Gong, Pan Zhou, Xiaodan Liang, Liang Lin

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Unifying acoustic and linguistic representation learning has become increasingly crucial to transfer the knowledge learned on the abundance of high-resource language data for low-resource speech recognition. Existing approaches simply cascade pre-trained acoustic and language models to learn the transfer from speech to text. However, how to solve the representation discrepancy of speech and text is unexplored, which hinders the utilization of acoustic and linguistic information. Moreover, previous works simply replace the embedding layer of the pre-trained language model with the acoustic features, which may cause the catastrophic forgetting problem. In this work, we introduce Wav-BERT, a cooperative acoustic and linguistic …

A Bert-Based Two-Stage Model For Chinese Chengyu Recommendation, Minghuan Tan, Jing Jiang, Bingtian Dai

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In Chinese, Chengyu are fixed phrases consisting of four characters. As a type of idioms, their meanings usually cannot be derived from their component characters. In this paper, we study the task of recommending a Chengyu given a textual context. Observing some of the limitations with existing work, we propose a two-stage model, where during the first stage we re-train a Chinese BERT model by masking out Chengyu from a large Chinese corpus with a wide coverage of Chengyu. During the second stage, we fine-tune the retrained, Chengyu-oriented BERT on a specific Chengyu recommendation dataset. We evaluate this method on …

Automating Developer Chat Mining, Shengyi Pan, Lingfeng Bao, Xiaoxue Ren, Xin Xia, David Lo, Shanping Li

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Online chatrooms are gaining popularity as a communication channel between widely distributed developers of Open Source Software (OSS) projects. Most discussion threads in chatrooms follow a Q&A format, with some developers (askers) raising an initial question and others (respondents) joining in to provide answers. These discussion threads are embedded with rich information that can satisfy the diverse needs of various OSS stakeholders. However, retrieving information from threads is challenging as it requires a thread-level analysis to understand the context. Moreover, the chat data is transient and unstructured, consisting of entangled informal conversations. In this paper, we address this challenge by …

Code-Switching Patterns Differentially Shape Cognitive Control: Testing The Predictions Of The Adaptive Control Hypothesis, Giliaine Ng, Hwajin Yang

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Bilinguals engage in qualitatively different code-switching patterns (alternation, insertion, and congruent lexicalization) to different degrees, according to their engagement in different types of interactional contexts (single-language context, dual-language context, and dense code-switching context). Drawing on the adaptive control hypothesis, we examined whether bilinguals’ code-switching patterns would differentially shape multiple aspects of cognitive control (interference control, salient cue detection, and opportunistic planning). We found that a dense code-switching context, which predominantly involves insertion and congruent lexicalization, was positively associated with verbal opportunistic planning but negatively associated with interference control and salient cue detection. In contrast, a dual-language context, which predominantly involves …

The Lived Experiences Of Filipino Teachers Teaching In Texas: A Transcendental Phenomenological Study, Jeffrey Chua

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Among the estimated 100,000 Overseas Filipino Workers (OFW) working in the United States, a small group of Filipino teachers may have lasting impacts on one of the most important pillars of the nation: its public schools. Thus, it is important to understand the lived experiences of Filipino teachers teaching in Texas. This research aimed to contribute to existing literature that explores the lived experiences and the acculturation process of Filipino teachers. Utilizing a transcendental phenomenological approach, seven such teachers were selected through snowball sampling and were interviewed. The findings of the study showed their shared experiences revolved around four themes: …

Factual Consistency Evaluation For Text Summarization Via Counterfactual Estimation, Yuexiang Xie, Fei Sun, Yang Deng, Yaliang Li, Bolin Ding

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Despite significant progress has been achieved in text summarization, factual inconsistency in generated summaries still severely limits its practical applications. Among the key factors to ensure factual consistency, a reliable automatic evaluation metric is the first and the most crucial one. However, existing metrics either neglect the intrinsic cause of the factual inconsistency or rely on auxiliary tasks, leading to an unsatisfied correlation with human judgments or increasing the inconvenience of usage in practice. In light of these challenges, we propose a novel metric to evaluate the factual consistency in text summarization via counterfactual estimation, which formulates the causal relationship …

Formulating Automated Responses To Cognitive Distortions For Cbt Interactions, Ignacio De Toledo, Giancarlo Salton, Robert J. Ross

Conference papers

One of the key ideas of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is the ability to convert negative or distorted thoughts into more realistic alternatives. Although modern machine learning techniques can be successfully applied to a variety of Natural Language Processing tasks, including Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, the lack of a publicly available dataset makes supervised training difficult for tasks such as reforming distorted thoughts. In this research, we constructed a small CBT dataset via crowd-sourcing, and leveraged state of the art pre-trained architectures to transform cognitive distortions, producing text that is relevant and more positive than the original negative thoughts. In particular, …

Span-Level Emotion Cause Analysis By Bert-Based Graph Attention Network, Xiangju Li, Wei Gao, Shi Feng, Daling Wang, Shafiq Joty

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We study the task of span-level emotion cause analysis (SECA), which is focused on identifying the specific emotion cause span(s) triggering a certain emotion in the text. Compared to the popular clause-level emotion cause analysis (CECA), it is a finer-grained emotion cause analysis (ECA) task. In this paper, we design a BERT-based graph attention network for emotion cause span(s) identification. The proposed model takes advantage of the structure of BERT to capture the relationship information between emotion and text, and utilizes graph attention network to model the structure information of the text. Our SECA method can be easily used for …

Towards Enriching Responses With Crowd-Sourced Knowledge For Task-Oriented Dialogue, Yingxu He, Lizi Liao, Zheng Zhang, Tat-Seng Chua

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Task-oriented dialogue agents are built to assist users in completing various tasks. Generating appropriate responses for satisfactory task completion is the ultimate goal. Hence, as a convenient and straightforward way, metrics such as success rate, inform rate etc., have been widely leveraged to evaluate the generated responses. However, beyond task completion, there are several other factors that largely affect user satisfaction, which remain under-explored. In this work, we focus on analyzing different agent behavior patterns that lead to higher user satisfaction scores. Based on the findings, we design a neural response generation model EnRG. It naturally combines the power of …

Does Active Service Intervention Drive More Complaints On Social Media? The Roles Of Service Quality And Awareness, Shujing Sun, Yang Gao, Huaxia Rui

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Despite many advantages of social media as a customer service channel, there is a concern that active service intervention encourages excessive service complaints. Our paper casts doubt on this misconception by examining the dynamics between social media customer complaints and brand service interventions. We find service interventions indeed cause more complaints, yet this increase is driven by service awareness rather than chronic complaining. Due to the publicity and connectivity of social media, customers learn about the new service channel by observing customer service delivery to others – a mechanism that is unique to social media customer service and does not …

Predicting Anti-Asian Hateful Users On Twitter During Covid-19, Jisun An, Haewoon Kwak, Claire Seungeun Lee, Bogang Jun, Yong-Yeol Ahn

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We investigate predictors of anti-Asian hate among Twitter users throughout COVID-19. With the rise of xenophobia and polarization that has accompanied widespread social media usage in many nations, online hate has become a major social issue, attracting many researchers. Here, we apply natural language processing techniques to characterize social media users who began to post anti-Asian hate messages during COVID-19. We compare two user groups—those who posted anti-Asian slurs and those who did not—with respect to a rich set of features measured with data prior to COVID-19 and show that it is possible to predict who later publicly posted anti-Asian …

Exploiting Reasoning Chains For Multi-Hop Science Question Answering, Weiwen Xu, Yang Deng, Huihui Zhang, Deng Cai, Wai Lam

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We propose a novel Chain Guided Retriever reader (CGR) framework to model the reasoning chain for multi-hop Science Question Answering. Our framework is capable of performing explainable reasoning without the need of any corpus-specific annotations, such as the ground-truth reasoning chain, or human annotated entity mentions. Specifically, we first generate reasoning chains from a semantic graph constructed by Abstract Meaning Representation of retrieved evidence facts. A Chain-aware loss, concerning both local and global chain information, is also designed to enable the generated chains to serve as distant supervision signals for training the retriever, where reinforcement learning is also adopted to …

Aspect Sentiment Quad Prediction As Paraphrase Generation, Wenxuan Zhang, Yang Deng, Xin Li, Yifei Yuan, Lidong Bing, Wai Lam

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) has been extensively studied in recent years, which typically involves four fundamental sentiment elements, including the aspect category, aspect term, opinion term, and sentiment polarity. Existing studies usually consider the detection of partial sentiment elements, instead of predicting the four elements in one shot. In this work, we introduce the Aspect Sentiment Quad Prediction (ASQP) task, aiming to jointly detect all sentiment elements in quads for a given opinionated sentence, which can reveal a more comprehensive and complete aspect-level sentiment structure. We further propose a novel Paraphrase modeling paradigm to cast the ASQP task to a …

Building Legal Datasets, Jerrold Soh

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Data-centric AI calls for better, not just bigger, datasets. As data protection laws with extra-territorial reach proliferate worldwide, ensuring datasets are legal is an increasingly crucial yet overlooked component of “better”. To help dataset builders become more willing and able to navigate this complex legal space, this paper reviews key legal obligations surrounding ML datasets, examines the practical impact of data laws on ML pipelines, and offers a framework for building legal datasets.

Student Commentary: Exploring The Role Of White Supremacy In The Pursuit Of Health Equity, Kori Lannaman, Amber Brown

Journal of the Louisiana Public Health Association

No abstract provided.

Vol 2 November '21 Full Issue, Donna L. Williams

Journal of the Louisiana Public Health Association

No abstract provided.

Limits Of The Rule Of Law: Negotiating Afghan "Traditional" Law In The International Civil Trials In The Czech Republic, Tomas Ledvinka, James M. Donovan

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Drawing on ethnographic research of judicial cases in the Czech Republic which involve the law in migrants' countries of origin, this Article outlines how multiple strategies handle encounters with the legal-cultural differences of Afghanistan in order to neutralize what may be called the "alterity" of law. The Article suggests that far from being analytical tools, concepts such as "context," "culture," and "customary" are strategically used by courts to neutralize unsettling aspects of foreign Afghan legalities. Further, it applies Leopold Pospisil's ethnological concept of legal authority as a vehicle for reinterpreting the contextual differentiation of Afghan "traditional" law as an alternative …

Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit Community Engagement Plan For Remedial Design & Remedial Action, The Langdon Group, Inc., Atlantic Richfield Company

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Chimes: November 1, 2021, Calvin University

Chimes

Sociology department launches criminology major by Jocelyn Nunez-Colon

As RCA congregations consider splitting, they do so with grace by Isaiah Tenhuisen

How Calvin's parking stacks up to the competition by Abigail Ham

Class registration and academic planning are about to get a major facelift by Lauren Vanden Bosch

Art history professor curates newsletter with global audience by Grace Toma

Sports analogies in political science: Slam dunk or strikeout? by Isaiah Tenhuisen

Health Services to offer COVID-19 booster shots on campus by Sarah Gibes

Halloween at Calvin: From 1958 riots to 2021 rollerblade parties by Timothy Lin

This land has a …

Development Of An Observation Skill In Inductive Bible Study In Consideration Of Biblical Genres For Bible Students In The School Of Biblical Studies In Youth With A Mission, Kona, Hawaii, Yohan Shim

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

SBS Kona has been helping Christians to employ the inductive Bible study method to study the Bible for many decades. Some Bible students in SBS Kona superficially observe the biblical text. The project aims to assist the Bible students in developing their observation skills by considering the biblical genres. For this purpose, the project covered eight genres of the Bible: Narrative, Law, Poetry, Wisdom, Prophet, Apocalyptic, Gospel, and Epistle. The project also supplied five essential observation labels for each genre to guide the participants observe the text in light of the biblical genres. The researcher facilitated the project for six …

Texture Consumption Patterns Of 8- To 12-Month-Old Infants: A Reflection Of Typical Feeding Development, Amy Delaney, Megan Van Hoorn, Sarah Staskiewicz, Mary B. Feuling, Stephanie Pladies, Naveen K. Bansal, Praveen S. Goday

Mathematical and Statistical Science Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: The lack of age-appropriate expectations for the acquisition of feeding skills and consumption of textured food in early childhood inhibits early and accurate identification of developmental delay in feeding and pediatric feeding disorder. The objective of this study was to describe texture intake patterns in a cohort of typically developing infants between 8 and 12 months of age, with the aim of informing future research to establish targets for feeding skill acquisition. Method: Using cross-sectional methodology, we studied the presence of liquid and solid textures and drinking methods in the diet, consumption patterns by texture and drinking methods, and …

Analyzing Temporal Patterns In Phishing Email Topics, Erika Bliss

Theses

In 2020, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) found phishing to be the most common cybercrime, with a record number of complaints from Americans reporting losses exceeding $4.1 billion. Various phishing prevention methods exist; however, these methods are usually reactionary in nature as they activate only after a phishing campaign has been launched. Priming people ahead of time with the knowledge of which phishing topic is more likely to occur could be an effective proactive phishing prevention strategy. It has been noted that the volume of phishing emails tended to increase around key calendar dates and during times of uncertainty. …

Considering Who Has Opportunities For Training And Advancement, 21cleo Research Team

21CLEO Research Project Blog Posts

The three working learners featured in this blog post represent contrasting experiences that help us to understand the level and quality of support from such mediators as has become evident in our research, and the resu Its on the careers of these learners. Al I names used are pseudonyms.

The Cnn Hip Accelerometer Posture (Chap) Method For Classifying Sitting Patterns From Hip Accelerometers: A Validation Study., Mikael Anne Greenwood-Hickman, Supun Nakandala, Marta M. Jankowska, Dori E Rosenberg, Fatima Tuz-Zahra, John Bellettiere, Jordan A. Carlson, Paul R. Hibbing, Jingjing Zou, Andrea Z. Lacroix, Arun Kumar, Loki Natarajan

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

INTRODUCTION: Sitting patterns predict several healthy aging outcomes. These patterns can potentially be measured using hip-worn accelerometers, but current methods are limited by an inability to detect postural transitions. To overcome these limitations, we developed the Convolutional Neural Network Hip Accelerometer Posture (CHAP) classification method.

METHODS: CHAP was developed on 709 older adults who wore an ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer on the hip, with ground-truth sit/stand labels derived from concurrently worn thigh-worn activPAL inclinometers for up to 7 d. The CHAP method was compared with traditional cut-point methods of sitting pattern classification as well as a previous machine-learned algorithm (two-level behavior …

Exploratory Data Mining Techniques (Decision Tree Models) For Examining The Impact Of Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Tinnitus: Machine Learning Approach, Hansapani Rodrigo, Eldré W. Beukes, Gerhard Andersson, Vinaya Manchaiah

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

Background: There is huge variability in the way that individuals with tinnitus respond to interventions. These experiential variations, together with a range of associated etiologies, contribute to tinnitus being a highly heterogeneous condition. Despite this heterogeneity, a “one size fits all” approach is taken when making management recommendations. Although there are various management approaches, not all are equally effective. Psychological approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy have the most evidence base. Managing tinnitus is challenging due to the significant variations in tinnitus experiences and treatment successes. Tailored interventions based on individual tinnitus profiles may improve outcomes. Predictive models of treatment …

The Rhetorical Feature Of Chiasmus In The Quran And Its Translation Into English, Ahmad Al-Harahsheh

An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities)

The study aimed to investigate the linguistic functions, patterns and translation of chiasmus in the Quran. The sample of the study consisted of 32 different verses from the Quran accompanied with four reliable translations of the Quran, namely Palmer, Arberry, Pickthall and Yusuf Ali to examine how these chiasms translated into English. The study relied on Nida’s (1964) formal approach to translation as a theoretical framework. The study concludes that there are five chiastic patterns in Arabic in the Quran: double-chiasm (AB- BA), tripartite-chiasm (ABC-CBA), quad-chiasm (ABCD-DCBA), quintuple-chiasm (ABCDE-EDCBA) and hexa-chiasm (ABCDEF-FEDCBA). These chiasms are contrasted in the same verse …

Adult Sensitivity: Parallels Between Language And Music Acquisition In Early Childhood, Jill Reese

Visions of Research in Music Education

Researchers, scholars, and educators recognize parallels between language and music. Early learning and development takes place in social contexts and is socially constructed through interaction among and between adults and young children. Though researchers have learned much about ontogenetic development by investigating behaviors of young children in decontextualized settings, social interactions are at the heart of language and music acquisition. The purpose of this literature review is to synthesize and compare research on language and music acquisition and to recommend, based on that literature, a trajectory for music acquisition research. Specifically, this review of literature focuses on adult sensitivity (as …

Conceptualizations Of Improvisation With Young Instrumentalists: A Literature Review, Michael Patrick Wall

Visions of Research in Music Education

This paper draws from the current body of research on improvisation, especially improvisation in schools and studies with younger school instrumentalists, and presents a myriad of ways to conceptualize improvisation in the instrumental music classroom. Various studies and methods of teaching improvisation are explored in an effort to provide music educators with different ways to effectively utilize improvisation activities in school settings. Ultimately, teachers are asked to investigate their own understandings of improvisation and what role it may play in their classrooms.

Pengembangan Modul Sistem Reproduksi Berbasis Berpikir Kritis Terintegrasi Nilai Islam Dan Kemuhammadiyahan, Sulton Nawawi, Tutik Fitri Wijayanti

Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan IPA

Tujuan penelitian dan pengembangan adalah mengetahui karakteristik dan menguji kelayakan modul berpikir kritis terintegrasi nilai islam dan kemuhammadiyahan pada materi sistem reproduksi. Metode penelitian menggunakan Research & Development (R&D) dengan model Borg & Gall yang telah dimodifikasi menjadi tujuh tahap. Validasi produk dilakukan oleh ahli materi, ahli perangkat dan evaluasi pembelajaran, ahli pengembangan dan desain modul, ahli bahasa, ahli Al-Islam dan Kemuhammadiyahan serta praktisi pembelajaran biologi. Subjek uji coba kelompok kecil adalah 30 mahasiswa semester 6 Pendidikan Biologi Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang. Hasil penelitian dan pengembangan menunjukkan: (1) produk dikembangkan merujuk pada aspek berpikir kritis menurut …