Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Arts and Humanities (2203)
- Education (1994)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (1881)
- Law (550)
- Linguistics (500)
-
- Medicine and Health Sciences (488)
- English Language and Literature (366)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (351)
- Bilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education (312)
- Language and Literacy Education (312)
- Higher Education (308)
- Teacher Education and Professional Development (289)
- History (278)
- Psychology (276)
- Religion (264)
- Sociology (260)
- Curriculum and Instruction (259)
- Computer Sciences (249)
- Communication (245)
- Library and Information Science (232)
- Philosophy (193)
- Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research (177)
- Anthropology (173)
- Educational Methods (163)
- Educational Leadership (162)
- Engineering (157)
- Business (154)
- Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies (147)
- Language Interpretation and Translation (144)
- Educational Administration and Supervision (139)
- Institution
-
- Ministry of Higher and Secondary Specialized Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan (235)
- Brigham Young University (228)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (191)
- San Jose State University (181)
- Grand Valley State University (172)
-
- Association of Arab Universities (160)
- Nova Southeastern University (154)
- University of New Mexico (145)
- University of Memphis (144)
- Purdue University (124)
- University of South Florida (120)
- University of Central Florida (114)
- Chulalongkorn University (109)
- Walden University (106)
- University of South Carolina (105)
- Liberty University (101)
- Singapore Management University (101)
- Universitas Indonesia (101)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (100)
- Portland State University (98)
- Georgia Southern University (90)
- Utah State University (88)
- University of Connecticut (76)
- University of Montana (75)
- Ohio University (74)
- Universitas Negeri Malang (71)
- University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (71)
- Edith Cowan University (66)
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas (61)
- University of Mississippi (59)
- Keyword
-
- Language (119)
- COVID-19 (114)
- Education (108)
- Linguistics (80)
- Literacy (66)
-
- Communication (62)
- Higher education (58)
- Identity (58)
- Culture (57)
- Diversity (53)
- Gender (53)
- English (52)
- Pedagogy (51)
- University of Memphis. (51)
- Translation (46)
- Writing (43)
- Georgia Southern University (41)
- Pandemic (41)
- Reading (41)
- Social media (40)
- Machine learning (38)
- Race (38)
- Music (37)
- Professional development (37)
- Rhetoric (37)
- Bilingualism (36)
- Equity (35)
- Natural language processing (35)
- Aphasia (34)
- History (34)
- Publication
-
- Theses and Dissertations (317)
- Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) (121)
- Michigan Reading Journal (119)
- Dissertations (118)
- Faculty Publications (104)
-
- Neutrosophic Sets and Systems (95)
- Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies (94)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (91)
- Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects (83)
- Mental Enlightenment Scientific-Methodological Journal (81)
- Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems (73)
- Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD) (72)
- Bulletins (67)
- USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations (64)
- Honors Theses (62)
- Scientific reports of Bukhara State University (62)
- Doctoral Dissertations and Projects (61)
- The Qualitative Report (58)
- Publications and Research (56)
- Dirassat (51)
- Undergraduate Student Symposium (51)
- Philology Matters (48)
- Journal of Rhetoric, Professional Communication, and Globalization (45)
- School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects (43)
- Russian Language Journal (42)
- Faculty Scholarship (41)
- Masters Theses (41)
- Articles (39)
- Florida Historical Quarterly (39)
- All Forum Articles (38)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 1981 - 2010 of 8020
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Helen Of Troy: Senior Research Prospectus, Melanie Vanderkolk
Helen Of Troy: Senior Research Prospectus, Melanie Vanderkolk
Ephemeris
No abstract provided.
International Students’ Perceived Support And Barriers Adapting To The New Cultural Experience In A Southern California University, Jeanette Ayala
International Students’ Perceived Support And Barriers Adapting To The New Cultural Experience In A Southern California University, Jeanette Ayala
Dissertations
Purpose: The purpose of this phenomenology study was to explore the lived experiences of international students’ perceptions regarding the types of support they received to adapt to a new culture experience and barriers to their successful adaptation to a new cultural experience while enrolled in a southern California university.
Methodology:
Qualitative research was the methodology used for this study because it was the approach best suited to gain a better understanding of the phenomena of international students’ lived experiences. The present study involved a qualitative design with a phenomenological inquiry approach. The technique of using semi-structured interviews is a method …
Exploring Standardized Patients' Nonverbal Responses Toward Lgbtq Microagressions, Betty Ngo, Emily J. Noonan Phd, Laura Weingartner Phd
Exploring Standardized Patients' Nonverbal Responses Toward Lgbtq Microagressions, Betty Ngo, Emily J. Noonan Phd, Laura Weingartner Phd
Undergraduate Research Events
Nonverbal behaviors play a significant role in the patient-doctor interaction as it provides cues to underlying unspoken emotions and concerns from the patient (Silverman, 2010). Nonverbal behaviors are most significant when they can be used to reinforce or contradict verbal responses. Thus, it is important for medical students to learn to identify patient non-verbal behaviors through their speech patterns, facial expressions, and body posture, and be able to relate these responses to a positive or adverse patient-physician interaction.
Rising third year medical students were video recorded taking health histories from standardized patients (SP; n = 84) of all gender identities. …
Reducing The Manual Annotation Effort For Handwriting Recognition Using Active Transfer Learning, Eric Burdett
Reducing The Manual Annotation Effort For Handwriting Recognition Using Active Transfer Learning, Eric Burdett
Theses and Dissertations
Handwriting recognition systems have achieved remarkable performance over the past several years with the advent of deep neural networks. For high-quality recognition, these models require large amounts of labeled training data, which can be difficult to obtain. Various methods to reduce this effort have been proposed in the realms of active and transfer learning, but not in combination. We propose a framework for fitting new handwriting recognition models that joins active and transfer learning into a unified framework. Empirical results show the superiority of our method compared to traditional active learning, transfer learning, or standard supervised training schemes.
2021 Convocation, Katie Berger, Jakob Bachhausen '22, Evan M. Glazer, Comfort Akwaji-Anderson, Lacey Thomas '08
2021 Convocation, Katie Berger, Jakob Bachhausen '22, Evan M. Glazer, Comfort Akwaji-Anderson, Lacey Thomas '08
Convocation
- Welcome: Katie Berger, Chief Student Affairs Officer
- Pledge of Allegiance: Jakob Bachhausen '22, Student Council President
- Opening Remarks: Dr. Evan M. Glazer, President
- Opening Remarks: Dr. Comfort Akwaji-Anderson, Principal and Chief Academic Officer
- Featured Musical Selection: "Miniature Viennese March" performed by Neil Wary '18
- Keynote Address: Lacey Thomas '08
- Closing Remarks: Dr. Comfort Akwaji-Anderson, Principal and Chief Academic Officer
The Effects Of Entrepreneurial Education On Haitian Entrepreneurs Of The Bel Initiative Program, Ronald Cetoute
The Effects Of Entrepreneurial Education On Haitian Entrepreneurs Of The Bel Initiative Program, Ronald Cetoute
Theses and Dissertations
Entrepreneurship is seen as a vehicle to improve the economy of communities and countries. BEL Initiative is a program that provides entrepreneurship education and resources to entrepreneurs based in Haiti. The program supports the ecosystem in Haiti with the intention to contribute to Haiti’s economy through education and promoting investment. Though the program seems to be helping educate entrepreneurs, what effects do participants of the BEL Initiative have on the Haitian economy? What do they take away from the program? Furthermore, what concepts and information are they able to apply in Haiti’s business environment from American influenced entrepreneurship education?
The …
Dialogic Pedagogy And Semiotic-Dialogic Inquiry Into Visual Literacies And Augmented Reality, Zoe Hurley
Dialogic Pedagogy And Semiotic-Dialogic Inquiry Into Visual Literacies And Augmented Reality, Zoe Hurley
All Works
Technological determinism has been driving conceptions of technology enhanced learning for the last two decades at least. The abrupt shift to the emergency delivery of online courses during COVID-19 has accelerated big tech’s coup d’état of higher education, perhaps irrevocably. Yet, commercial technologies are not necessarily aligned with dialogic conceptions of learning while a technological transmission model negates learners’ input and interactions. Mikhail Bakhtin viewed words as the multivocal bridge to social thought. His theory of the polysemy of language, that has subsequently been termed dialogism, has strong correlations with the semiotic philosophy of American pragmatist Charles Sanders Peirce. Peirce’s …
University Of Northern Iowa Faculty Senate Meeting Minutes, August 23, 2021, University Of Northern Iowa, Faculty Senate
University Of Northern Iowa Faculty Senate Meeting Minutes, August 23, 2021, University Of Northern Iowa, Faculty Senate
Documents - Faculty Senate
Meeting minutes from the Faculty Senate of the University of Northern Iowa.
The Effect Of E-Learning On The Reading Skills And Innovative Thinking Of Fifth Grade Students, Falah Hussein, Basem Jassim
The Effect Of E-Learning On The Reading Skills And Innovative Thinking Of Fifth Grade Students, Falah Hussein, Basem Jassim
Jerash for Research and Studies Journal مجلة جرش للبحوث والدراسات
The Electronic Learning strategy of analyzing the structure of linguistic teat on developing the innovative reading levels of secondary students in Kirkuk province To achieve that the researcher chose an experimental design which is one of the partial adjustment designs (one experimental group adjustment group of dimensional choice). The researcher chose 2% percent of the schools in Kirkuk (preparatory and secondary literary and scientific) The schools(sample of research) that have been chosen randomly reached at 3 schools i-e. One school for the centre of province ,one in Hawija district and one in AL- Abbassi district. The researcher prepared a tool …
Translation Of English Advertisements In Arabic Print Media, Saleem Al-Fahed
Translation Of English Advertisements In Arabic Print Media, Saleem Al-Fahed
Jerash for Research and Studies Journal مجلة جرش للبحوث والدراسات
Due to the rapid economic growth worldwide and the need by the international companies to communicate with consumers of different languages and cultures in order to sell their products in different markets, the need has become urgent to take into account the peculiarities of the target audience when they are addressed by international ads campaigns. The attention given to the local needs and singularities within international advertising campaigns involves an integration process of thinking globally and acting locally. But in advertising, acting locally involves a translation process most of the time. The purpose of this study is to give an …
Proper Names And Translation, Khalid Al-Shaikhli
Proper Names And Translation, Khalid Al-Shaikhli
Jerash for Research and Studies Journal مجلة جرش للبحوث والدراسات
A lot of work has been done on proper names (henceforth PNS) starting from philosophers, but, yet, not ending with computational linguists. Moreover, many studies have been devoted to the translation of PNs, but little work to their translation from or into Arabic. The present study is an attempt to fathom the process of rendering foreign PNs into Arabic. Three factors contribute to this process. A. whether the foreign name is pronounced properly, B. the way the name is written and C. whether to translate or transliterate the name. The study sheds light on the lack of guidelines for unified …
De La Compétence De La Communication: Une Mise Au Point, Abdelfettah Nasser Nacer Idrissi, M'Hand Bouchadi
De La Compétence De La Communication: Une Mise Au Point, Abdelfettah Nasser Nacer Idrissi, M'Hand Bouchadi
Dirassat
In recent years, the notion of communication competence has become one of the major preoccupations of a good number of didactical working in teaching / learning of foreign languages ,The objective being to make the user / learner, endowed with a communication skill, to communicate in foreign language.
Our aim in the present communication is a misconception of this notion. We will try, as much as possible, to shed light on the different meanings of this notion, first of all in the ethnology of communication, in language teaching, in the common European framework of reference for languages (CEFR) or even …
Lecture Interculturelle: Décodage De L'Implicite (Inter) Culturel, Brigitte Lepez, Abdelouahed Mabrour, Hassan Ennassiri
Lecture Interculturelle: Décodage De L'Implicite (Inter) Culturel, Brigitte Lepez, Abdelouahed Mabrour, Hassan Ennassiri
Dirassat
The cultural decoding or the discursive communication requires a complex strategy of multiple readings on the explicit and implicit levels. However, this cultural implicitness becomes a problem when it relates to a culture which is not shared. Indeed, errors in decoding the cultural implicitness can be sources of misunderstanding or even conflict in the relationship between people of different cultural contexts, the implicitness being this hidden dimension which is not immediately identifiable for those who do not share the same cultural framework.
This study focuses on intercultural decoding of the cultural implicitness, that is to say trying to understand texts …
Co Écriture De Textes En Fle: Cadre Général D'Une Expérience/Média Partagée Du "Cyberfax!" International, Akila Khebbeb, Billel Ouhaibia
Co Écriture De Textes En Fle: Cadre Général D'Une Expérience/Média Partagée Du "Cyberfax!" International, Akila Khebbeb, Billel Ouhaibia
Dirassat
Our contribution aims to present the first observations of exploratory experiments carried out by our research team on the effects produced by the collaborative work, primarily on the learning process. Written production in a foreign language, here in French, The experimental protocol consisted in having a text co-written, by Algerian students of the same age and in pairs, on the theme of the "House of the future".it is a way to understand the importance of peer learning and the interactions between writers and their competences in producing well written texts.
De Quelques Problèmes D'Éthique En Elearning, Ahmed Almakari
De Quelques Problèmes D'Éthique En Elearning, Ahmed Almakari
Dirassat
The exponential development of the Internet has dramatically transformed the learning practices in our universities. This digital revolution has created a myriad of resources whose copyright limits are not always clearly defined,they are accessible on a self-service basis for everyone. This g accessibility associated with ultra-powerful search engines likeGoogle and the power of certain E-learning software which makes studentsfinding online courses and information for their research and academic productionsverry easy , it is easy to sheet in an online course than in presential one.
Exploitation Didactique De La Bande Dessinée Dans Les Manuels Scolaires Au Maroc, Jamila Ahnouch
Exploitation Didactique De La Bande Dessinée Dans Les Manuels Scolaires Au Maroc, Jamila Ahnouch
Dirassat
The comic strip (BD) is at the same time an art, a media and a process of communication. , this article is considered by the pedagogical use of comic strip in school books , as a pedagogical support , to understand the importance of the comic strip in learning French language in Morocco ,it is used as a visual support and way to express ideas and illustrate learning activities
Le Pronom On Dans Quelques Quotidiens Ivoiriens: Étude Énonciative Et Pragmatique, Sia Modeste Ganto
Le Pronom On Dans Quelques Quotidiens Ivoiriens: Étude Énonciative Et Pragmatique, Sia Modeste Ganto
Dirassat
Traditionally defined as a personal pronoun of the third person impersonal pronoun "ON" been here a discursive study. It is a vision that transcends the conventional design (to replace other personal pronouns), etc..; ON is a linguistic element whose values discursive and enunciative referential plasticity is remarkable. It’s use in journalistic writings beyond mere stylistic dimension in the sense that an anonymous caller " or" mask behind which the information professionals to observe apriori neutrality enunciative. The plurality of values related to the context and its great versatility make this atool pronoun argumentative.
Interface Syntaxe Pragmatique: Une Nouvelle Approche Au Statut De La Résomptivité Dans La Dislocation À Gauche De L'Arabe Standard, Naima Lyassi
Dirassat
This article aims to establish a formal link between the syntax and the pragmatic interpretation of left-peripheral construction in Standard Arabic. More precisely, it sheds light on the placement or not of the noun phrase and the resumptive pronoun in hanging topic left-dislocated constructions.
Espaces Pratiques Discursives: Dynamiques Sociolinguistiques Et Superposition Des Langues Dans La Région Des Jbàla De La Vallé De L'Ouàrgha, Abdenbi Lachkar
Espaces Pratiques Discursives: Dynamiques Sociolinguistiques Et Superposition Des Langues Dans La Région Des Jbàla De La Vallé De L'Ouàrgha, Abdenbi Lachkar
Dirassat
Dealing with the linguistic mix and language contacts in the Jbala region is a delicate undertaking. Beyond the analysis of the regional linguistic landscape, this research tries to demonstrate the circumstances of the development of linguistic variation in discursive practices in family (parents and fans) and in society in the rural environment and not in the urban one. which is more characterized by these phenomena of languages than any other medium. Thus, this study, by questioning the circumstances of the appearance of mixed languages in the jebli space, is situated within the framework of sociolinguistic works which deal with variation …
Procédés Argumentatifs Dans Le Débat D'Entre Deux Tours De L'Élection Présidentielle Ivoirienne, Nanourougo Coulibaly
Procédés Argumentatifs Dans Le Débat D'Entre Deux Tours De L'Élection Présidentielle Ivoirienne, Nanourougo Coulibaly
Dirassat
Cote d’Ivoire has experienced, Thursday, Nov. 25, 20 I0, the first adversarial debate in its history between the two finalists in the presidential election. This discursive confrontation is therefore a new element in the political landscape of Cote d'Ivoire. In addition, it is important to note that this debate takes place in a context overheated with sporadic clashes between the supporters of Laurent Gbagbo, the outgoing President, supported by the FPI (lvorian Popular Front) and a coalition of parties united in the LMP (The Presidential Majority) and those of Alassane Ouattara, his challenger supported by another political coalition called RHDP …
Etude Des Formes Dérivées Et De Leurs Valeurs Sémantiques À Travers Un Corpus D'Arabe Moderne De Presse: De Nouveaux Usages De Communication ?, Marie Baize-Robache
Etude Des Formes Dérivées Et De Leurs Valeurs Sémantiques À Travers Un Corpus D'Arabe Moderne De Presse: De Nouveaux Usages De Communication ?, Marie Baize-Robache
Dirassat
This article deals with the possible evolution of contemporary written Arabic of the press through a recent corpus extracted from the website vww.aljazeera.net. which describes the war in Iraq from a factual point of view in November 2005.. Before comparing the extended verbal forms of this corpus with the same verbal forms found in the same period and dealing with the same theme in the newspaper al-Hayat الحياة , it first defines the object (the extended verbal forms, derivation bases) as well as the analysis method of the corpora (synchronic and diachronic analyses). In a third part, it moves …
Les Logiques Discursives Et Le Positionnement Axiologique Des Opérateurs De La Téléphonie Mobile En Algérie, Maiche Hazar
Les Logiques Discursives Et Le Positionnement Axiologique Des Opérateurs De La Téléphonie Mobile En Algérie, Maiche Hazar
Dirassat
The discursive logics and the axiological positioning of telephone operators mobile in Algeria
Today a product or service is enough to himself. The current trend in the field of marketing is to arouse emotions, to arouse temptations and produce feelings among consumers. It is precisely in this consists the art of vertising that tries to seduce us and challenge us, by a preponderance of the image and imagination, for entertainment. Complexity in the discursive production of all advertising is the. systematic consideration of the context and the specificity of the interaction situation.
We try, through this paper, to describe the …
Service Utilization Among Latina Survivors Of Intimate Partner Violence, Alyssa Donovan
Service Utilization Among Latina Survivors Of Intimate Partner Violence, Alyssa Donovan
College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an international health issue disproportionately affecting women, which is associated with a range of severe physical and mental health sequelae (Black et al., 2011). Research has demonstrated that individual factors, such as violence severity, and systemic factors, such as poverty, affect whether women seek formal help, including mental health, police, and legal services, in response to IPV (Lelaurain, Graziani, & Monaco, 2017). Latina women have voiced many challenges to seeking formal help (Rizo & Macy, 2011). These include limited economic resources, language gaps in service provision, and factors related to immigration (Rizo & Macy, 2011). …
Lcd 207: Anatomy And Physiology For Speech And Language, Yael Neumann
Lcd 207: Anatomy And Physiology For Speech And Language, Yael Neumann
Open Educational Resources
This course is an introduction to the anatomy and physiology of the respiratory, phonatory, articulatory, resonatory, and nervous systems as they relate to voice, swallowing, speech production and language systems.
Exploring The Effects Of Smoking Cessation Interventions For Asians And Asian Americans: A Meta-Analytic Review, Amber T. Pham
Exploring The Effects Of Smoking Cessation Interventions For Asians And Asian Americans: A Meta-Analytic Review, Amber T. Pham
College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations
Cigarette smoking continues to be a leading health problem in the United States and worldwide. Despite high prevalence rates among some subpopulations of Asians and Asian Americans, little attention has been focused on identifying effective smoking cessation interventions for this group. A meta-analysis examining effect sizes was conducted to test the hypothesis that smoking cessation interventions, overall, improve quit outcomes among Asians and Asian Americans. Factors associated with intervention effectiveness were explored through moderator analyses. Results show that overall, smoking cessation interventions are efficacious for Asians and Asian Americans (OR = 2.33). Moderator analyses revealed high intensity treatments and treatments …
Parent And Child Language Profiles And Their Family And Clinical Predictors, Jesus Eduardo Solano-Martinez
Parent And Child Language Profiles And Their Family And Clinical Predictors, Jesus Eduardo Solano-Martinez
College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations
A large number of households in the United States include linguistic minority and immigrant parents. These include parents of Latinx backgrounds and their children who have varying levels of English and Spanish proficiency. Research is needed to examine the nature of parent-child language proficiency patterns and differences and their links to family processes and mental health. To address this gap, a sample of 294 Latinx parent-child dyads of predominantly low-income and immigrant backgrounds were interviewed and reported their English and Spanish language proficiency levels. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) uncovered four parent-child language profiles including three in which there was a …
The Morality Of Pronoun Flexibility: Connections Between Language And Cognitive Identity Alignment, Mafalda Von Alvensleben
The Morality Of Pronoun Flexibility: Connections Between Language And Cognitive Identity Alignment, Mafalda Von Alvensleben
The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal
The power of words we use to refer to one another is gaining recognition in contemporary socio-political discourse. Yet, interplay between language and complex cognitive processes, including moral judgments and identity formation, largely remains a subject of philosophical and theoretical debate. In order to begin examining the existence of such interactions empirically, this paper investigates the syntactic shift of the third person plural pronoun they/them to the third person singular, used to refer to gender non-binary/gender nonconforming individuals. Using grammaticality acceptance ratings and the Worthen 2016 moral attitudes test, administered under timed pressure, this study measures both intuitions surrounding the …
Environmental Determinism And Spurious Correlation: Just-So Stories In Phonology, Jeremiah Jewell
Environmental Determinism And Spurious Correlation: Just-So Stories In Phonology, Jeremiah Jewell
The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal
The sounds and sound structures of languages often pattern in geographic clusters. Most accounts of this phenomenon rely on language contact and common descent as the principal causes of areal features. Modern linguistics rejects the notion that the nature of the location in which a language is spoken affects its phonological system. Nonetheless, some have argued that climate, topography, and other aspects of the ambient environment causally affect phonologies. The aim of this paper is to assess recent attempts in linguistics literature to broaden the view of what motivates geographically correlated phonological structures. I focus on the realms of phonology …
Operationalizing Culture: Refugees, Migration, And Mental Health In The Wake Of The Vietnam War, Helena Bui
Operationalizing Culture: Refugees, Migration, And Mental Health In The Wake Of The Vietnam War, Helena Bui
The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal
!e end of the Vietnam War led to the migration of hundreds of thousands of Vietnamese refugees to the United States a"er political and economic upheaval. As another result, the refugees’ years of warfare, trauma, death, and injury began to manifest as unprecedented mental health issues that American physicians and researchers sought to understand. In this paper, I argue that American medical professionals— in good faith—operationalized [Vietnamese] culture to help themselves and their colleagues understand the mental health issues of Vietnamese refugees. Yet this operationalization acted as a double-edged sword. Viewing Western mental health discourse through the lens of Vietnamese …
The Structural Grammaticalization Of The Biblical Hebrew Ethical Dative, Oliver Shoulson
The Structural Grammaticalization Of The Biblical Hebrew Ethical Dative, Oliver Shoulson
The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal
This paper offers a structural analysis of the evolution of a grammatical phenomenon in Biblical Hebrew known as the Ethical Dative (ED). My analysis is rooted in the grammaticalization chain proposed by Talmy Givón wherein the Ethical Dative evolves incrementally from other dative forms, accounting for its lopsided distribution across the Bible. Via its similarity to the Personal Dative in Appalachian English, I propose a derivation for the ED whose locus is the specifier of a high Applicative Phrase, allowing us to account for Givón’s progression through the gradual reduction of merge-operations and feature-valuation at that node. My analysis bolsters …