Digital Commons Network^™

Characterization Of Age-Associated Gut Microbial Dysbiosis And Plasma Metabolite Alterations In People Living With Hiv (Plwh)., R. Sighal, Smita Ghare, Vaughn Bryant, Sabina Gautam, Chanakya Charan Tirumala, Andrea Reyes-Vega, Craig J. Mcclain, Ronald Cohen, Varand Govind, R L. Cook, Shirish Barve

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Background: HIV-1 infection and aging are independently associated with gut microbial dysbiosis and neurocognitive impairment. However, the interactive effects of HIV-infection and aging on the development of specific pathogenic features of gut microbial dysbiosis and consequent metabolic abnormalities associated with neurocognitive dysfunction remain largely undetermined and were examined in the present study

New Developments In Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy, Arden M. Scheetz

Student Publications

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy, or HBOT, is a form of treatment based on the inhalation of 100% pure oxygen while subjected to closed chamber or room at pressures greater than sea level (1 atmosphere, ATA) (Howell et al., 2018; Kocaman, 2020). HBOT is administered through either a mono-place chamber or a multi-place chamber. Mono-place chambers are pressurized with oxygen and are equipped to handle a single person at a time. Multi-place chambers, on the other hand, can accommodate up to 20 people at a time, including medical personnel and intubated patients. These chambers are pressurized with air, and pure oxygen is …

Antibacterial Activities Of Parijoto (Medinilla Speciosa Blume) Fruit Extracts Against Clinical Isolates Of Salmonella Typhi And Shigella Dysenteriae, Tiana Milanda, Melisa I. Barliana, Rosidah Rosidah, Arif S.W Kusuma

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Medinilla speciosa (M. speciosa) Blume is a plant originating from Mount Muria, Kudus District, Central Java, Indonesia. Its fruit has been used by the local community to treat mouth sores, diarrhea, inflammatory, hyperlipidemia, cancer, bacterial infection and nutrients for pregnant women. However, the antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) and Shigella dysentriae (S. dysentriae) is yet unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial activities of M. speciosa fruit extracts against clinical strain of S. typhi and S. dysentriae. Plant determination and sample preparation were conducted. The fruits of M. speciosa were extracted by gradual …

Gene Expression Associated With Disease Resistance And Long-Term Growth In A Reef-Building Coral, Emma R. Kelley, Robin S. Sleith, Mikhail V. Matz, Rachel M. Wright

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Rampant coral disease, exacerbated by climate change and other anthropogenic stressors, threatens reefs worldwide, especially in the Caribbean. Physically isolated yet genetically connected reefs such as Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary (FGBNMS) may serve as potential refugia for degraded Caribbean reefs. However, little is known about the mechanisms and trade-offs of pathogen resistance in reef-building corals. Here, we measure pathogen resistance in Montastraea cavernosa from FGBNMS. We identified individual colonies that demonstrated resistance or susceptibility to Vibrio spp. in a controlled laboratory environment. Long-term growth patterns suggest no trade-off between disease resistance and calcification. Predictive (pre-exposure) gene expression highlights …

Health Communication Blindspot: A Case Study Of Harmful Algal Blooms In The South (Habits), Jaron Hoani King

Theses and Dissertations

A Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) is a complex natural event that occurs when algae is in its growth stage and creates a harmful toxin as waste. HABs create both ecologic and public health challenges. The hypothesis of this thesis is that state and federal governments have different readability scores when compared side-by-side as measured by Simple Measures of Gobbledygook (SMOG). Because governments are the entity that most often claims responsibility for shared resources, this case study represents a snapshot of current governmental messaging about HABs in the South Atlantic states. These states have a long history of HAB events in …

Rural China Under The Covid‐19 Pandemic: Differentiated Impacts, Rural–Urban Inequality And Agro‐Industrialization, Forrest Q. Zhang, Zhanping Hu

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

We use field data collected in a village in northern China to examine the impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on rural economy and livelihoods. The lockdown effectively protected the village from the pandemic, resulting in zero infection. The economic impacts were mostly negative but differentiated across economic sectors and livelihood strategies; some gained from the business opportunities arising from the pandemic. Wage loss for migrant workers was the most common negative impact but lasted less than 2 months. Overall, rural China has escaped the worst impacts of the pandemic found in other developing countries. We argue that the structure of …

Rural China Under The Covid‐19 Pandemic: Differentiated Impacts, Rural–Urban Inequality And Agro‐Industrialization, Qian Forrest Zhang, Zhanping Hu

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

We use field data collected in a village in northern China to examine the impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on rural economy and livelihoods. The lockdown effectively protected the village from the pandemic, resulting in zero infection. The economic impacts were mostly negative but differentiated across economic sectors and livelihood strategies; some gained from the business opportunities arising from the pandemic. Wage loss for migrant workers was the most common negative impact but lasted less than 2 months. Overall, rural China has escaped the worst impacts of the pandemic found in other developing countries. We argue that the structure of …

Evaluating The Role Of The Stringent Response Mechanism In Clostridioides Difficile Survival And Pathogenesis, Astha Pokhrel

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

The human pathogen Clostridioides difficile is increasingly tolerant of multiple antibiotics and causes infections with a high rate of recurrence, creating an urgent need for new preventive and therapeutic strategies. The stringent response, a universal bacterial response to extracellular stresses, governs antibiotic survival and pathogenesis in diverse organisms but has not previously been characterized in C. difficile. This dissertation explores the ability of C. difficile to mount the stringent response. The bacteria encode a full-length, canonical bifunctional Rel/Spo Homolog or RSH enzyme. C. difficile RSH is incapable of utilizing GTP as a substrate but readily synthesizes putative 5’-pGpp-3’ alarmones. …

Mass Casualty Mini Drills On Trauma Surgery Department Staff Knowledge: An Educational Improvement Study., Lisa Hollister, Thein Zhu, Nancy Edwards, Becky Good, Sarah Hoeppner

Emergency Medicine and Trauma

BACKGROUND: Over the last decade, the United States has witnessed an increase in mass casualty incidents (MCIs). The outcome of an MCI depends upon hospital preparedness, yet many hospitals are unfamiliar with their facility MCI procedure. Educational training drills may be one method to improve staff knowledge of policy and procedure.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to improve knowledge gained through educational MCI mini drills of institutional mass casualty policy and procedure in surgery department staff at a level II trauma center.

METHODS: A pre-/posttest design was utilized. The hospital implemented MCI mini training drills as a quality improvement project using …

Blood Cultures Central Versus Venipuncture: Summary [Retired], Children's Mercy Kansas City

Clinical Critically Appraised Topics

No abstract provided.

Controllability And Observability Of Blood Glucose Levels And The Impact Of Covid-19 On Diabetic Patients, Mahra Salem Nasser Abdulla Alblooshi

Theses

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood glucose concentrations resulting from insulin deficiency in case of type 1 or insulin inefficiency in case of type 2. While no cure for diabetes exists, the artificial pancreas is a possible way to manage diabetes, especially for type 1 diabetics. Where an artificial pancreas is a closed-loop control system with an integrated mathematical model. This control system imitates the function of a healthy pancreas. The first part of this thesis is concerned with the control system of an artificial pancreas that is based on Bergman’s minimal model of glucose-insulin …

The Effects Of Sitting And Standing Hygiene On Posture In Dental Hygiene Students, Taylor Shay Kace

Dental Hygiene Theses & Dissertations

Problem: The purpose of this pilot study was to assess biomechanical and postural impacts of sitting and standing independently during dental hygiene practice. Methods: A convenience sample of thirty-four second-year dental hygiene students with no history of musculoskeletal disorders were enrolled in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to instrument one quadrant of the mouth on buccal or lingual surfaces while seated or standing during two independent research sessions. Two images per session, for a total of four images per participant, were taken to assess biomechanical demands of each posture using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) tool. The images …

Unprecedented Migratory Bird Die-Off: A Citizen-Based Analysis On The Spatiotemporal Patterns Of Mass Mortality Events In The Western United States, Di Yang, Anni Yang, Jue Yang, Rongting Xu, Han Qiu

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Extensive, severe wildfires, and wildfire-induced smoke occurred across the western and central United States since August 2020. Wildfires resulting in the loss of habitats and emission of particulate matter and volatile organic compounds pose serious threatens to wildlife and human populations, especially for avian species, the respiratory system of which are sensitive to air pollutions. At the same time, the extreme weather (e.g., snowstorms) in late summer may also impact bird migration by cutting off their food supply and promoting their migration before they were physiologically ready. In this study, we investigated the environmental drivers of massive bird die-offs by …

Perioperative Care Of Heart Transplant Recipients Undergoing Non-Cardiac Surgery, Jose R. Navas-Blanco, Raj K. Modak

Anesthesiology Articles

The life expectancy of patients with end-stage heart disease undergoing Orthotopic Heart Transplantation (OHT) has increased significantly in the recent decades since its original introduction into the medical practice in 1967. Substantial advances in post-operative intensive care, surgical prophylaxis, and anti-rejection drugs have clearly impacted survivability after OHT, therefore the volume of patients presenting for non-cardiac surgical procedures is expected to continue to escalate in the upcoming years. There are a number of caveats associated with this upsurge of post-OHT patients requiring non-cardiac surgery, including presenting to healthcare facilities without the resources and technology necessary to manage potential perioperative complications …

Patients’ Experiences Of Recovery: Beyond The Intensive Care Unit And Into The Community, Kelly Calkins, Peninnah M. Kako, Jill L. Guttormson

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Aims

To understand barriers and facilitators of recovery for critical illness survivors’, who are discharged home from the hospital and do not have access to dedicated outpatient care.

Design

Multi-site descriptive study guided by interpretive phenomenology using semi-structured interviews.

Methods

Interviews were conducted between December 2017 -July 2018. Eighteen participants were included. Data were collected from interview recordings, transcripts, field notes, and a retrospective chart review for sample demographics. Analysis was completed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis which provided a unique view of recovery through the survivors’ personal experiences and perception of those experiences.

Results

Participants encountered several barriers to their …

Saudi Experts’ Recommendation For Rsv Prophylaxis In The Era Of Covid-19: Consensus From The Saudi Pediatric Pulmonology Association, Adel S. Alharbi, Mohamed Alzahrani, Abdulrahman N. Alodayani, Mohamed Y. Alhindi, Saleh Alharbi, Abdulrahman Alnemri

Saudi Medical Journal

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis and viral pneumonia in pediatrics worldwide. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the prevalence of RSV is 23.5% in pediatric patients with acute lower respiratory tract illness. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) poses critical public health and socioeconomic challenges in KSA. The Saudi Pediatric Pulmonology Association (SPPA), a subsidiary of the Saudi Thoracic Society (STS), developed a task force to determine the potential challenges and barriers to the RSV immunoprophylaxis program during the era of COVID-19 and to compose a practical, nationwide, and multidisciplinary approach to address these challenges. Some …

Evaluation Of Covid-19 Myths In Saudi Arabia, Noara K. Alhusseini, Muhammad R. Sajid, Haifa A. Alsheikh, Tala H. Sriwi, Nour B. Odeh, Rawan E. Elshaer, Rawand E. Altamimi, Peter M.B. Cahusac

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To examine the awareness level of COVID-19 and to highlight the frequency of myths and misconceptions among Saudi Arabia’s population. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from June 13 to 20, 2020 by distributing a 16-item online Google forms questionnaire among adults (18-65 years old) living in Saudi Arabia. We utilized the convenience sampling. Data analysis was performed using Chi-square and multiple regression analysis on Jamovi. Results: A total of 1436 responses were analyzed with 43.5% males and 56.5% females. Most respondents (89.1%) thought that only the elderly above 60 years old are considered at high risk of contracting …

Anaplasma Phagocytophilum Modulates Mammalian And Arthropod Signaling For Its Survival And Transmission, Supreet Khanal

Biomedical Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) are illnesses transmitted to humans and other animals by arthropods such as ticks, mosquitoes, and fleas. These arthropod vectors transmit infectious pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and protozoa, to humans during blood-feeding. We have very few control strategies to treat or control these diseases. Human anaplasmosis, caused by the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum, is the second most common tick-borne disease in the United States. This work defines three studies elucidating Anaplasma phagocytophilum-mediated modulation of cell signaling in mammalian cells and arthropod vector Ixodes scapularis ticks.

The first study focused on mammalian PI3 kinases signaling in regulating …

Research On Automatic Extraction Of Entity Knowledge For Sudden Public Health Major Infectious Disease Incident Based On Bert, Chuan Jiang, Dongbo Wang

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/significance]In view of the lack of research on decision-making support for major public health emergencies in the current research,and the insufficient construction of relevant knowledge bases,this study established a corpus of physical knowledge of major infectious diseases for public health emergencies Provide decision support for major infectious disease events.[Method/process]Taking People's Daily Online infectious disease news,Baidu Encyclopedia infectious disease entry,Chinese Academy of Sciences virus case database as the research objects,using conditional random field model,recurrent neural network model,pre-training text representation model,BERT for public health emergencies of the entity knowledge of major infectious disease events is identified and analyzed,and the temporal evolution of …

Analysis On The Dynamic Evolution Path Of Iinternational Public Health Emergency Research Topics In The Past 30 Years, Ting Zhai, Jing Liu, Qian Zhang

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/Significance]The COVID-19 epidemic has once again made people realize the great threat of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases to human beings.However,the academic community still lacks the understanding of the development of soft science in the field of public health emergencies and its latest research hotspots.[Methods/Process]Focusing on the social science field,this study divided the period of SARS epidemic and the six public health emergencies of international concern (PHEIC) declared by the WHO,and used SciMAT to analyze the dynamic evolution path of the research topics in the literature on public health emergencies based on the WoS database.[Results/Conclusion]The research on public health emergencies …

Covid-19 Convalescent Plasma: Interim Recommendations From The Aabb, Claudia S. Cohn, Lise Estcourt, Brenda J. Grossman, Monica B. Pagano, Elizabeth S. Allen, Evan M. Bloch, Arturo Casadevall, Dana V. Devine, Nancy M. Dunbar, Farid Foroutan, Thomas J. Gniadek, Ruchika Goel, Jed Gorlin, Michael J. Joyner, Ryan A. Metcalf, Jay S. Raval, Todd W. Rice, Beth H. Shaz, Ralph R. Vassallo, Jeffrey L. Winters, Gregory Beaudoin, Aaron A R Tobian

Pathology Research and Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Research Productivity On Covid-19: A Bibliometric Approach, Shiva Kumara S U, Dr. B T Sampath Kumar, Vinay R S

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study aimed to explore the perspective of COVID-19 publications across the globe. Further, attempts were also made to find out the most productive country, author, and institute in publishing literature on COVID-19. The data related study was retrieved from SCOPUS database. Various search strategies were used to retrieve publications on COVID-19 published between 1^st December 2019 and 22^nd June 2020. A total of 19,991 publications on COVID-19 were retrieved from the Scopus database.

Further, it was found that Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China has produced 422 publications and received 5624 citations with an average citation …

Monetary And Fiscal Policies In The Covid-19 Crisis. Will They Work?, Daniel Lacalle

Journal of New Finance

The spread and mortality rate of the COVID-19 virus has created enormous strains on global healthcare systems and driven governments to take extreme measures to contain the virus, including the lock down of most citizens and shutting down most economic sectors. Due to these unique challenges and coming from an economy that was weak already in 2018 and 2019, the world faces a global crisis of unprecedented impact and high uncertainty about the recovery process. In this paper, we analyze how the world economy is addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. We start with the situation of the main economic regions at …

03-31-2021 Swosu Student Emily Bedea Wins Grand Prize At Oklahoma Research Day At The Capitol, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

THE BARK ARCHIVE 2021

No abstract provided.

Public-Private Partnerships In Transportation Infrastructures: A Tool To Overcome The Post-Covid-19 Economic Crisis In Spain, José-María Rotellar-García, Mario González-Medrano

Journal of New Finance

An indicator of the economic crisis generated by COVID-19, provided by the National Institute of Statistics is the decrease in the numbers of passengers in collective transport and international tourists arriving in Spain in 2020. To overcome this economic crisis, this paper analyzes, by using exploratory research methodology, the implementation of new passenger transportation infrastructures through public-private partnerships. With this approach, it will be possible to mobilize private capital, create jobs, obtain tax return and generate economic activity. We propose that priority actions related to the areas of collective public transport, urban mobility and road safety on conventional roads, should …

We Are...Marshall, March 31, 2021, Office Of Marshall University Communications

We Are ... Marshall: the Newsletter for Marshall University 1999-2023

No abstract provided.

2021-03-31_Michiganoverview_Covidtestingtimes, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Testing Turnaround Data

The COVID Testing Turnaround Time page was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 data page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98163_98173-545615--,00.html.

This report was created by the Michigan Department of Health & Human Services, providing data for the past 14 days on the average time it takes for a diagnostic COVID-19 laboratory test to be reported to the state health department. Testing turnaround time data will be updated weekly on Friday mornings.

MDHHS receives results from commercial labs, hospitals, and public health labs. However, public health laboratories perform limited diagnostic testing and disease surveillance for infectious diseases. Total turnaround time is calculated from the difference of …

“Love Is Distance”: Is That So? Lockdown Strategies, Medically Vulnerable People, And Relational Ethics, Nili Karako-Eyal

Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law

No abstract provided.

Science Goes Viral: Reviewing A Year Of Historic Research, Mary Ashley Canevaro

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Daily Digest - Wednesday, March 31, 2021 Covid-19 Updates, University Of Mississippi

COVID-19 Website Archives

Campus Update Daily Digest for Wednesday, March 31, 2021