Digital Commons Network^™

Doctor As Street-Level Bureaucrat, Elvin H. Geng

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Severe Maternal Morbidity, Race, And Rurality: Trends Using The National Inpatient Sample, 2012–2017, Alina A. Luke, Kristine Huang, Kathryn J. Lindley, Ebony B. Carter, Karen E. Joynt Maddox

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Development Of A Library Of Laminin-Mimetic Peptide Hydrogels For Control Of Nucleus Pulposus Cell Behaviors, Julie E Speer, Marcos N Barcellona, Michael Y Lu, Zizhen Zha, Liufang Jing, Munish C Gupta, Jacob M Buchowski, Michael P Kelly, Lori A Setton

Open Access Publications

The nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc plays a critical role in distributing mechanical loads to the axial skeleton. Alterations in NP cells and, consequently, NP matrix are some of the earliest changes in the development of disc degeneration. Previous studies demonstrated a role for laminin-presenting biomaterials in promoting a healthy phenotype for human NP cells from degenerated tissue. Here we investigate the use of laminin-mimetic peptides presented individually or in combination on a poly(ethylene) glycol hydrogel as a platform to modulate the behaviors of degenerative human NP cells. Data confirm that NP cells attach to select laminin-mimetic peptides …

Nivolumab Plus Cabozantinib Versus Sunitinib For Advanced Renal-Cell Carcinoma, Toni K. Choueiri, James J. Hsieh, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Current Advances In Digital Cognitive Assessment For Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease, Fredrik Öhman, Jason Hassenstab, David Berron, Michael Schöll, Kathryn V Papp

Open Access Publications

There is a pressing need to capture and track subtle cognitive change at the preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD) rapidly, cost-effectively, and with high sensitivity. Concurrently, the landscape of digital cognitive assessment is rapidly evolving as technology advances, older adult tech-adoption increases, and external events (i.e., COVID-19) necessitate remote digital assessment. Here, we provide a snapshot review of the current state of digital cognitive assessment for preclinical AD including different device platforms/assessment approaches, levels of validation, and implementation challenges. We focus on articles, grants, and recent conference proceedings specifically querying the relationship between digital cognitive assessments and established biomarkers …

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Rv3160c Is Atetr‑Like Transcriptional Repressor That Regulates Expression Of The Putative Oxygenase Rv3161c, Hasan Tükenmez, Souvik Sarkar, Saber Anoosheh, Anastasiia Kruchanova, Isabel Edström, Gregory A. Harrison, Christina L. Stallings, Fredrik Almqvist, Christer Larsson

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis Of Muscle Weakness Identifies 15 Susceptibility Loci In Older Men And Women, Garan Jones, Mary K. Wojczynski, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Sequence- And Structure-Specific Cytosine-5 Mrna Methylation By Nsun6, Tommaso Selmi, Shobbir Hussain, Sabine Dietmann, Matthias Heiß, Kayla Borland, Sophia Flad, Jean-Michel Carter, Rebecca Dennison, Ya-Lin Huang, Stefanie Kellner, Susanne Bornelöv, Michaela Frye

Open Access Publications

The highly abundant N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification affects most aspects of mRNA function, yet the precise function of the rarer 5-methylcytidine (m5C) remains largely unknown. Here, we map m5C in the human transcriptome using methylation-dependent individual-nucleotide resolution cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (miCLIP) combined with RNA bisulfite sequencing. We identify NSUN6 as a methyltransferase with strong substrate specificity towards mRNA. NSUN6 primarily targeted three prime untranslated regions (3'UTR) at the consensus sequence motif CTCCA, located in loops of hairpin structures. Knockout and rescue experiments revealed enhanced mRNA and translation levels when NSUN6-targeted mRNAs were methylated. Ribosome profiling further demonstrated that NSUN6-specific methylation …

Breast Cancer Mortality Hot Spots Among Black Women With De Novo Metastatic Breast Cancer, Yunan Han, Marvin Langston, Lindsay Fuzzell, Saira Khan, Marquita W. Lewis-Thames, Graham A. Colditz, Justin Xavier Moore

Open Access Publications

Background: Black women living in southern states have the highest breast cancer mortality rate in the United States. The prognosis of de novo metastatic breast cancer is poor. Given these mortality rates, we are the first to link nationally representative data on breast cancer mortality hot spots (counties with high breast cancer mortality rates) with cancer mortality data in the United States and investigate the association of geographic breast cancer mortality hot spots with de novo metastatic breast cancer mortality among Black women.

Methods: We identified 7292 Black women diagnosed with de novo metastatic breast cancer in Surveillance, Epidemiology, and …

Using Lorenz Curves To Measure Racial Inequities In Covid-19 Testing, Aaloke Mody, Kristin Pfeifauf, Elvin H. Geng

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Association Of Immunosuppression And Viral Load With Subcortical Brain Volume In An International Sample Of People Living With Hiv, Talia M. Nir, Beau M. Ances, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Importance: Despite more widely accessible combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), HIV-1 infection remains a global public health challenge. Even in treated patients with chronic HIV infection, neurocognitive impairment often persists, affecting quality of life. Identifying the neuroanatomical pathways associated with infection in vivo may delineate the neuropathologic processes underlying these deficits. However, published neuroimaging findings from relatively small, heterogeneous cohorts are inconsistent, limiting the generalizability of the conclusions drawn to date.

Objective: To examine structural brain associations with the most commonly collected clinical assessments of HIV burden (CD4+ T-cell count and viral load), which are generalizable across demographically and clinically diverse …

Assessment Of Suicide In Japan During The Covid-19 Pandemic Vs Previous Years, Haruka Sakamoto, Masahiro Ishikane, Cyrus Ghaznavi, Peter Ueda

Open Access Publications

Importance: There are concerns that suicide rates may have increased during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Objective: To assess whether suicide rates in Japan increased in April through November 2020 compared with previous years.

Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional study used national data obtained from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare from 2016 to 2020 on the monthly number of individuals who died of suicide in Japan from January to November of 2016 to 2020.

Exposure: 2020 vs previous years.

Main Outcomes and Measures: The main outcome was monthly suicide rates, calculated as the number of individuals …

Complexity In Genetic Cardiomyopathies And New Approaches For Mechanism-Based Precision Medicine, Michael J. Greenberg, Jil C. Tardiff

Open Access Publications

Genetic cardiomyopathies have been studied for decades, and it has become increasingly clear that these progressive diseases are more complex than originally thought. These complexities can be seen both in the molecular etiologies of these disorders and in the clinical phenotypes observed in patients. While these disorders can be caused by mutations in cardiac genes, including ones encoding sarcomeric proteins, the disease presentation varies depending on the patient mutation, where mutations even within the same gene can cause divergent phenotypes. Moreover, it is challenging to connect the mutation-induced molecular insult that drives the disease pathogenesis with the various compensatory and …

Evaluation Of The Neonatal Sequential Organ Failure Assessment And Mortality Risk In Preterm Infants With Late-Onset Infection, Noa Fleiss, Angela N. Lewis, Krista E. Cooksey, Ameena N. Husain, Misty Good, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Importance: Infection in neonates remains a substantial problem. Advances for this population are hindered by the absence of a consensus definition for sepsis. In adults, the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) operationalizes mortality risk with infection and defines sepsis. The generalizability of the neonatal SOFA (nSOFA) for neonatal late-onset infection-related mortality remains unknown.

Objective: To determine the generalizability of the nSOFA for neonatal late-onset infection-related mortality across multiple sites.

Design, Setting, and Participants: A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted at 7 academic neonatal intensive care units between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2019. Participants included 653 preterm ( …

Best Practices For Fnirs Publications, Meryem A. Yücel, Joseph Culver, Adam Eggebrecht, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Sex, Apoe4 And Alzheimer’S Disease: Rethinking Drug Discovery In The Era Of Precision Medicine, Manish D. Paranjpe, Jason K. Wang, Yun Zhou

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Adherence Of Internet-Based Cancer Risk Assessment Tools To Best Practices In Risk Communication: Content Analysis, Erika A Waters, Jeremy L Foust, Laura D Scherer, Amy Mcqueen, Jennifer M Taber

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Internet-based risk assessment tools offer a potential avenue for people to learn about their cancer risk and adopt risk-reducing behaviors. However, little is known about whether internet-based risk assessment tools adhere to scientific evidence for what constitutes good risk communication strategies. Furthermore, their quality may vary from a user experience perspective.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to understand the extent to which current best practices in risk communication have been applied to internet-based cancer risk assessment tools.

METHODS: We conducted a search on August 6, 2019, to identify websites that provided personalized assessments of cancer risk or the likelihood of …

Increased Utilization Of Total Joint Arthroplasty After Medicaid Expansion, Christopher J Dy, Amber Salter, Abigail Barker, Derek Brown, Matthew Keller, Margaret A Olsen

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: The expansion of state Medicaid programs under the U.S. Affordable Care Act has led to a dramatic increase in the number of Americans with health insurance coverage. Prior analyses of a limited number of states have suggested that greater utilization of total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) should be expected after Medicaid expansion. The purpose of our study was to examine whether increased utilization of THA and TKA occurred across a broader range of states after Medicaid expansion.

METHODS: We analyzed administrative data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project from 9 states (Arkansas, Arizona, Colorado, …

The Association Of Polygenic Risk For Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, And Depression With Neural Connectivity In Adolescents And Young Adults: Examining Developmental And Sex Differences, J.L. Meyers, E.C. Johnson, A. Agrawal, A. Anokhin, M.H. Plawecki, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Epcam (Cd326) Regulates Intestinal Epithelial Integrity And Stem Cells Via Rho-Associated Kinase, Takeshi Ouchi, Sohshi Morimura, Lukas E Dow, Hiroyuki Miyoshi, Mark C Udey

Open Access Publications

Humans with biallelic inactivating mutations in Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) develop congenital tufting enteropathy (CTE). To gain mechanistic insights regarding EpCAM function in this disorder, we prepared intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) organoids and spheroids. IEC organoids and spheroids were generated from

Intracranial Delivery Of Aav9 Gene Therapy Partially Prevents Retinal Degeneration And Visual Deficits In Cln6-Batten Disease Mice, Katherine A. White, Hemanth R. Nelvagal, Timothy A. Poole, Bin Lu, Tyler B. Johnson, Samantha Davis, Melissa A. Pratt, Jon Brudvig, Ana B. Assis, Shibi Likhite, Kathrin Meyer, Brian K. Kaspar, Jonathan D. Cooper, Shaomei Wang, Jill M. Weimer

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Dietary Restriction On Neuroinflammation In Neurodegenerative Diseases, Luigi Fontana, Laura Ghezzi, Anne H. Cross, Laura Piccio

Open Access Publications

Recent and accumulating work in experimental animal models and humans shows that diet has a much more pervasive and prominent role than previously thought in modulating neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative mechanisms leading to some of the most common chronic central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Chronic or intermittent food restriction has profound effects in shaping brain and peripheral metabolism, immunity, and gut microbiome biology. Interactions among calorie intake, meal frequency, diet quality, and the gut microbiome modulate specific metabolic and molecular pathways that regulate cellular, tissue, and organ homeostasis as well as inflammation during normal brain aging and CNS neurodegenerative diseases, including …

Preliminary, Real-World, Multicenter Experience With Omadacycline For Mycobacterium Abscessus Infections, Taylor Morrisette, Sara Alosaimy, Julie V. Philley, Carly Wadle, Catessa Howard, Andrew J. Webb, Michael P. Veve, Melissa L. Barger, Jeannette Bouchard, Tristan W. Gore, Abdalhamid M. Lagnf, Iman Ansari, Carlos Mejia-Chew, Keira A. Cohen, Michael J. Rybak

Open Access Publications

Twelve patients were treated with omadacycline (OMC) as part of a multidrug regimen for

How The Field Of Infectious Diseases Can Leverage Digital Strategy And Social Media Use During A Pandemic, Jasmine R. Marcelin, Nicolás Cortés-Penfield, Carlos Del Rio, Angel Desai, Ignacio Echenique, Bruno Granwehr, Folake Lawal, Kevin Kuriakose, Dong Heun Lee, Maricar Malinis, Diandra Ruidera, Javeed Siddiqui, Andrej Spec, Talia H. Swartz

Open Access Publications

Rapid information dissemination is critical in a world changing rapidly due to global threats. Ubiquitous internet access has created new methods of information dissemination that are rapid, far-reaching, and universally accessible. However, inaccuracies may accompany rapid information dissemination, and rigorous evaluation of primary data through various forms of peer review is crucial. In an era in which high-quality information can save lives, it is critical that infectious diseases specialists are well versed in digital strategy to effectively disseminate information to colleagues and the community and diminish voices spreading misinformation. In this study, we review how social media can be used …

Chemoprevention Agents To Reduce Mammographic Breast Density In Premenopausal Women: A Systematic Review Of Clinical Trials, Ana S. Salazar, Malika Rakhmankulova, Laura E. Simon, Adetunji T. Toriola

Open Access Publications

Background: Higher mammographic breast density (MBD) is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer when compared with lower MBD, especially in premenopausal women. However, little is known about the effectiveness of chemoprevention agents in reducing MBD in premenopausal women without a history of breast cancer. Findings from this review should provide insight on how to target MBD in breast cancer prevention in premenopausal women with dense breasts.

Methods: We searched 9 electronic databases for clinical trials in English, Spanish, French, or German published until January 2020. Articles evaluating the association of pharmacological agents and MBD were included. Data were …

Ash Isth Nhf Wfh 2021 Guidelines On The Diagnosis Of Von Willebrand Disease, Paula D. James, Jorge Di Paola, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Nav1.3 And Fgf14 Are Primary Determinants Of The Ttx-Sensitive Sodium Current In Mouse Adrenal Chromaffin Cells, Pedro L. Martinez-Espinosa, Chengtao Yang, Xiao-Ming Xia, Christopher J. Lingle

Open Access Publications

Adrenal chromaffin cells (CCs) in rodents express rapidly inactivating, tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive sodium channels. The resulting current has generally been attributed to Nav1.7, although a possible role for Nav1.3 has also been suggested. Nav channels in rat CCs rapidly inactivate via two independent pathways which differ in their time course of recovery. One subpopulation recovers with time constants similar to traditional fast inactivation and the other ∼10-fold slower, but both pathways can act within a single homogenous population of channels. Here, we use Nav1.3 KO mice to probe the properties and molecular components of Nav current in CCs. We find that …

American Society Of Hematology 2021 Guidelines On The Use Of Anticoagulation For Thromboprophylaxis In Patients With Covid-19, Adam Cuker, Kristen M. Sanfilippo, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Brain Network Motifs Are Markers Of Loss And Recovery Of Consciousness, Catherine Duclos, Danielle Nadin, Yacine Mahdid, Vijay Tarnal, Paul Picton, Giancarlo Vanini, Goodarz Golmirzaie, Ellen Janke, Michael S. Avidan, Max B. Kelz, George A. Mashour, Stefanie Blain-Moraes

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

The Ideological Divide In Confidence In Science And Participation In Medical Research, Matthew Gabel, Jonathan Gooblar, Catherine M. Roe, John C. Morris

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.