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2021

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Effect Of Corn Silage Inclusion Level And Steroidal Implant Type On Growth Performance, Dietary Net Energy Utilization, Beef Production Per Acre And Apparent Total Tract Digestibility In Feedlot Finishing Steers, Elizabeth Buckhaus, Warren Rusche, Zachary Smith Jan 2021

Effect Of Corn Silage Inclusion Level And Steroidal Implant Type On Growth Performance, Dietary Net Energy Utilization, Beef Production Per Acre And Apparent Total Tract Digestibility In Feedlot Finishing Steers, Elizabeth Buckhaus, Warren Rusche, Zachary Smith

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
The experimental objective was to determine the influence corn silage inclusion level and terminal implant type have on animal performance, carcass traits, and beef production per acre of cropland in finishing steers harvested at a common fatness endpoint.
Study Description
Maine-Anjou × Angus beef steers (n = 156 steers; initial BW 807 ± 81.9 lbs) were used in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement finishing experiment at the Ruminant Nutrition Center in Brookings, SD. Steers were weighed on 2 consecutive days and assigned into 5 weight blocks. Dietary treatments consisted (DM basis) of 1) 15% (CS15) or 2) 30% …

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Printing The Pathway Forward In Bone Metastatic Cancer Research: Applications Of 3d Engineered Models And Bioprinted Scaffolds To Recapitulate The Bone-Tumor Niche., Anne M. Hughes, Alexus D. Kolb, Alison B. Shupp, Kristy M. Shine, Karen M. Bussard Jan 2021

Printing The Pathway Forward In Bone Metastatic Cancer Research: Applications Of 3d Engineered Models And Bioprinted Scaffolds To Recapitulate The Bone-Tumor Niche., Anne M. Hughes, Alexus D. Kolb, Alison B. Shupp, Kristy M. Shine, Karen M. Bussard

Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

Breast cancer commonly metastasizes to bone, resulting in osteolytic lesions and poor patient quality of life. The bone extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a critical role in cancer cell metastasis by means of the physical and biochemical cues it provides to support cellular crosstalk. Current two-dimensional in-vitro models lack the spatial and biochemical complexities of the native ECM and do not fully recapitulate crosstalk that occurs between the tumor and endogenous stromal cells. Engineered models such as bone-on-a-chip, extramedullary bone, and bioreactors are presently used to model cellular crosstalk and bone-tumor cell interactions, but fall short of providing a bone-biomimetic microenvironment. …

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Occurrence Status Of The Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) In South Korea, Soo-Jung Suh, Deuk-Soo Choi, Sol-Moon Na Jan 2021

Occurrence Status Of The Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) In South Korea, Soo-Jung Suh, Deuk-Soo Choi, Sol-Moon Na

Insecta Mundi

To respond to the growing risk from Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), the migratory fall ar­myworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), the National Fall Armyworm Surveillance Program (NFASP) for early detection for this pest ran from April to November during 2019 and 2020. The fall armyworm surveillance program involved seasonal monitoring of the pest with pheromone traps placed in fields of cereal crops at high-risk locations. The trapping season ran from early spring to late autumn, with a total deployment of 396 traps. During the survey of 2019 to 2020, a total of 120 male adults of S. frugiperda were captured in these …

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Women Law Professors: The First Century (1896-1996), Catherine J. Lanctot Jan 2021

Women Law Professors: The First Century (1896-1996), Catherine J. Lanctot

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

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"You Should Smile More," Academic Catcalling, And Women-On-Women Crimes, Deborah L. Borman Jan 2021

"You Should Smile More," Academic Catcalling, And Women-On-Women Crimes, Deborah L. Borman

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

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Law School Dean Wanted: A Woman For All Reasons, Susan Hanley Duncan, Karen Lott, Catherine Pettis Jan 2021

Law School Dean Wanted: A Woman For All Reasons, Susan Hanley Duncan, Karen Lott, Catherine Pettis

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

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Our Place: Notes On Love And Longing, Nadia M. Mohamed Jan 2021

Our Place: Notes On Love And Longing, Nadia M. Mohamed

Theses and Dissertations

Produced during the COVID-19 pandemic, this experimental documentary uses found footage from the personal and political archive to witness and question how personal and political transformation connect, particularly as it relates the material and conceptual legacies we inherit and innovate.

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A Tissue-Engineered Human Trabecular Meshwork Hydrogel For Advanced Glaucoma Disease Modeling, Haiyan Li, Tyler Bagué, Alexander Kirschner, Ana N. Strat, Haven Roberts, Robert W. Weisenthal, Alison E. Patteson, Nasim Annabi, W. Daniel Stamer, Preethi S. Ganapathy, Samuel Herberg Jan 2021

A Tissue-Engineered Human Trabecular Meshwork Hydrogel For Advanced Glaucoma Disease Modeling, Haiyan Li, Tyler Bagué, Alexander Kirschner, Ana N. Strat, Haven Roberts, Robert W. Weisenthal, Alison E. Patteson, Nasim Annabi, W. Daniel Stamer, Preethi S. Ganapathy, Samuel Herberg

Physics - All Scholarship

Abnormal human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cell function and extracellular matrix(ECM) remodeling contribute to HTM stiffening in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Most current cellular HTM model systems do not sufficiently replicate the complex native three dimensional (3D) cell-ECM interface, limiting their use for investigating POAG pathology. Tissue-engineered hydrogels are ideally positioned to overcome shortcomings of current models. Here, we report a novel biomimetic HTM hydrogel and test its utility as a POAG disease model. HTM hydrogels were engineered by mixing normal donor-derived HTM cells with collagen type I, elastin-like polypeptide and hyaluronic acid, each containing photoactive functional groups, …

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Drug Company Research And Animal Use, Andrew N. Rowan Jan 2021

Drug Company Research And Animal Use, Andrew N. Rowan

WellBeing News

Over the years, the use of laboratory animals by drug companies and other commercial laboratories has elicited more than its share of criticism. In the late 1970s, animal advocates turned their attention to the testing of cosmetics and personal care products on animals, with particular attention to lethal dose testing in rats and eye irritancy testing in rabbits. In 1980, a campaign against Revlon led to that company funding a research program at Rockefeller University to develop an alternative to eye irritancy testing on rabbits (producing the Neutral Red Test protocol, OECD Test Guideline 432, still widely used today.) Revlon’s …

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Animal Relinquishment And Pet-Owner Resilience, Arnold Arluke, Andrew N. Rowan Jan 2021

Animal Relinquishment And Pet-Owner Resilience, Arnold Arluke, Andrew N. Rowan

WellBeing News

In 2021, it is hoped that the world will slowly return to normal as an increasing proportion of national populations are vaccinated. Such a return will likely mean fewer people working from home and more pets spending their days with less human companionship. Animal groups are concerned that people who have obtained new pets may surrender them to shelters when social distancing measures are relaxed and, perhaps, when moratoriums on foreclosures due to arrears in rent and mortgage are lifted. However, a recent study of pet ownership in a low-income community and an examination of pet surrender in previous financial …

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Accuracy Of Procalcitonin Levels For Diagnosis Of Culture-Positive Sepsis In Critically Ill Trauma Patients: A Retrospective Analysis, Aisha Bakhtiar, Syed Jawad Haider Kazmi, Muhammad Sohaib Asghar, Muhammad Nadeem Khurshaidi, Salman Mazhar, Noman A. Khan, Nisar Ahmed, Farah Yasmin, Rabail Yaseen, Maira Hassan Jan 2021

Accuracy Of Procalcitonin Levels For Diagnosis Of Culture-Positive Sepsis In Critically Ill Trauma Patients: A Retrospective Analysis, Aisha Bakhtiar, Syed Jawad Haider Kazmi, Muhammad Sohaib Asghar, Muhammad Nadeem Khurshaidi, Salman Mazhar, Noman A. Khan, Nisar Ahmed, Farah Yasmin, Rabail Yaseen, Maira Hassan

Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery

Background: Abdominal trauma and intra-abdominal sepsis are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Microcirculation in the gut is disrupted in hemorrhagic and septic shock leading to tissue hypoxia, and the damaged gut acts as a reservoir rich in inflammatory mediators and provides a continual source of inflammation to the systemic circulation leading to sepsis. Sepsis is defined as the presence (probable or documented) of infection together with a systemic inflammatory response to infection. Blood culture is commonly considered to be the preferred approach for diagnosing sepsis, although it is time-consuming, that is, reports are normally available only after 12-48 hours. …

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Hybrid Millidecade Spectra: A Practical Format For Exchange Of Long-Term Ambient Sound Data, S. Bruce Martin, Briand J. Gaudet, Holger Klinck, Peter J. Dugan, Jennifer L. Miksis-Olds, David K. Mellinger, David A. Mann, Olaf Boebel, Colleen C. Wilson, Dimitri W. Ponirakis, Hilary Moors-Murphy Jan 2021

Hybrid Millidecade Spectra: A Practical Format For Exchange Of Long-Term Ambient Sound Data, S. Bruce Martin, Briand J. Gaudet, Holger Klinck, Peter J. Dugan, Jennifer L. Miksis-Olds, David K. Mellinger, David A. Mann, Olaf Boebel, Colleen C. Wilson, Dimitri W. Ponirakis, Hilary Moors-Murphy

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

This Letter proposes a frequency scaling for processing, storing, and sharing high-bandwidth, passive acoustic spectral data that optimizes data volume while maintaining reasonable data resolution. The format is a hybrid that uses 1 Hz resolution up to 455 Hz and millidecade frequency bands above 455 Hz. This hybrid is appropriate for many types of soundscape analysis, including detecting different types of soundscapes and regulatory applications like computing weighted sound exposure levels. Hybrid millidecade files are compressed compared to the 1 Hz equivalent such that one research center could feasibly store data from hundreds of projects for sharing among researchers globally.

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Problematizing Florida’S Extended Reading Time Policy: A Critical Investigation Of Place, Demographics, And Curricula, Carrie L. Gentner Jan 2021

Problematizing Florida’S Extended Reading Time Policy: A Critical Investigation Of Place, Demographics, And Curricula, Carrie L. Gentner

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate Florida’s extended reading time (ERT) policy as enacted during the 2016-2017 school year. This policy requires elementary schools ranking among the 300 lowest performing in the state, as measured by state assessments, to provide an additional hour of reading instruction beyond the regular school day. Extending upon the work of a pilot study suggesting an overrepresentation of minoritized students within low 300 schools, this study presents the geographic, demographic, and socioeconomic distributions of the ERT mandate for a criterion sample of seven districts. Further, the pilot study indicated an underrepresentation of minoritized …

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Fishing And Rural Livelihood: A Philippine Context, Rosalina Palanca-Tan, Sheila Bongat-Bayog Jan 2021

Fishing And Rural Livelihood: A Philippine Context, Rosalina Palanca-Tan, Sheila Bongat-Bayog

Economics Department Faculty Publications

The Municipality of Lake Sebu in Mindanao; Philippines offers various opportunities for income-generating fishing activities with its abundant surface water bodies. Lake Sebu is particularly known for good quality tilapia; farmed in fish cages. This study employed primary data collection methods; namely key informant interview; focus group discussion and a comprehensive livelihood household survey to assess the conditions and problems constraining fishing households in Lake Sebu. The study found that fishing-related benefits were mainly derived from aquaculture. Capture fisheries are essentially very small-scale; low gear open fishing done by local fisher folk that generates only subsistence income. Local residents are …

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One Typology For A Big Word: Office Of Diversity, Sergio Lopez-Pineiro Jan 2021

One Typology For A Big Word: Office Of Diversity, Sergio Lopez-Pineiro

Interiority

Architecture’s original project was the invention of interiority, an enclosed area delimited from its context and made available for a narrowly defined public, function, and meaning. This original project was expanded during the Enlightenment with the concept of type as a method for producing architecture and establishing social institutions for molding subjectivities. This quest for interiority has reached its completion with world capitalism and its associated complexes, which, as Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri have argued, are an interior without any possible or imaginable outside. In response to this condition, this essay argues that the original project of architecture—the conception …

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Meropenem-Induced Pancytopenia In A Preterm Neonate: A Case Report, Kashif Hussain, Muhammad Sohail Salat, Naureen Mohammad, Ambreen Mughal, Sidra Idrees, Javaid Iqbal, Gul Ambreen Jan 2021

Meropenem-Induced Pancytopenia In A Preterm Neonate: A Case Report, Kashif Hussain, Muhammad Sohail Salat, Naureen Mohammad, Ambreen Mughal, Sidra Idrees, Javaid Iqbal, Gul Ambreen

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Background: A post-marketing surveillance study has reported an association between meropenem use and the incidence of hematologic abnormalities, including leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hemolysis, and neutropenia, but the precise incidence in neonates is unknown. Here, we report meropenem-induced pancytopenia in a preterm neonate.
Case presentation: A preterm newborn Pakistani received intravenous meropenem 40 mg/kg every 8 hours to treat Klebsiella pneumoniae in blood cultures and suspected meningitis. The baby developed severe thrombocytopenia, with a platelet count of 22 × 103 cells/mm3, low hemoglobin level of 9.7 g/dl, and low absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 816 cells/mm3 on days …

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Recharacterization Of Stenaspis Audinet-Serville, 1834 With A New Species From Mexico (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Trachyderini), Bryan K. Eya Jan 2021

Recharacterization Of Stenaspis Audinet-Serville, 1834 With A New Species From Mexico (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Trachyderini), Bryan K. Eya

Insecta Mundi

The genus Stenaspis Audinet-Serville, 1834 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Trachy­derini) is recharacterized by providing additional morphological features to enhance the definition of this genus. Stenaspis plagiata Waterhouse, 1877 is transferred to Crioprosopus Audinet-Serville, 1834, new com­bination, and the latest key to species of Crioprosopus is modified. A key to the genera of Group III-Stenaspes with “abruptly separated anteocular space,” and a key to species of Stenaspis is provided. Color illustrations of the available species are included. Stenaspis lingafelteri Eya, new species, from Mexico is described.

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Implementation Of Machine Learning For Predicting Maize Crop Yields Using Multiple Linear Regression And Backward Elimination, Stephen Gbenga Fashoto, Elliot Mbunge, Gabriel Ogunleye, Johan Van Den Burg Jan 2021

Implementation Of Machine Learning For Predicting Maize Crop Yields Using Multiple Linear Regression And Backward Elimination, Stephen Gbenga Fashoto, Elliot Mbunge, Gabriel Ogunleye, Johan Van Den Burg

Malaysian Journal of Computing (MJoC)

Predicting maize crop yields especially in maize production is paramount in order to alleviate poverty and contribute towards food security. Many regions experience food shortage especially in Africa because of uncertain climatic changes, poor irrigation facilities, reduction in soil fertility and traditional farming techniques. Therefore, predicting maize crop yields helps policymakers to make timely import and export decisions to strengthen national food security. However, none of the published work has been done to predict maize crop yields using machine learning in Eswatini, Africa. This paper aimed at applying machine learning (ML) to predict maize yields for a single season in …

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Fish Skin Freshness Level By Integrated Rgb Multicolour Image Processing From Quality Index Method (Qim) Assessment, Aina Rasyiqah Mohd Hanif, Khairul Naim Abd. Aziz, Muhammad Akmal Roslani, Sharir Aizat Kamaruddin, Zamzila Erdawati Zainol Jan 2021

Fish Skin Freshness Level By Integrated Rgb Multicolour Image Processing From Quality Index Method (Qim) Assessment, Aina Rasyiqah Mohd Hanif, Khairul Naim Abd. Aziz, Muhammad Akmal Roslani, Sharir Aizat Kamaruddin, Zamzila Erdawati Zainol

Malaysian Journal of Computing (MJoC)

The colour of the fish skin is one of the important factors to determine the freshness of a fish. There is potential to use the fish images as an alternative to determine the fish freshness. However, the freshness relationship of the fish skin image to the Red, Green, Blue (RGB) multiple colour channel needs to be elucidated to achieve an accurate interpretation of fish freshness. The objective of this study is to determine the freshness of the fish samples using QIM assessment and to extract the RGB colour value from fish skin images. Finally, to establish the relationship between the …

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Mucosal Genomics Implicate Lymphocyte Activation And Lipid Metabolism In Refractory Environmental Enteric Dysfunction, Najeeha Talat Iqbal, Najeeb Rahman, Kamran Sadiq, Zubair Ahmad, Romana Idress, Junaid Iqbal, Sheraz Ahmed, Aneeta Hotwani, Fayyaz Umrani, Sana Syed, Syed Asad Ali Jan 2021

Mucosal Genomics Implicate Lymphocyte Activation And Lipid Metabolism In Refractory Environmental Enteric Dysfunction, Najeeha Talat Iqbal, Najeeb Rahman, Kamran Sadiq, Zubair Ahmad, Romana Idress, Junaid Iqbal, Sheraz Ahmed, Aneeta Hotwani, Fayyaz Umrani, Sana Syed, Syed Asad Ali

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background & aims: Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) limits the Sustainable Development Goals of improved childhood growth and survival. We applied mucosal genomics to advance our understanding of EED.
Methods: The Study of Environmental Enteropathy and Malnutrition (SEEM) followed 416 children from birth to 24 months in a rural district in Pakistan. Biomarkers were measured at 9 months and tested for association with growth at 24 months. The duodenal methylome and transcriptome was determined in 52 undernourished SEEM participants and 42 North American controls and celiac disease patients.
Results: After accounting for growth at study entry, circulating IGF-1 and ferritin predicted …

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Developing A National Strategic Plan To Address The Effects Of Climate Change On Human Health, Katherine Kettering Jan 2021

Developing A National Strategic Plan To Address The Effects Of Climate Change On Human Health, Katherine Kettering

DePaul Journal of Health Care Law

No abstract provided.

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Welfare Queens And Work Requirements: The Power Of Narrative And Counter-Narrative, Nick Burns Jan 2021

Welfare Queens And Work Requirements: The Power Of Narrative And Counter-Narrative, Nick Burns

Tennessee Journal of Race, Gender, & Social Justice

No abstract provided.

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Summary Of 2019 Brano Heart Failure Forum Presentations, Rajko Radovancevic, Bojan Vrtovec, Igor D. Gregoric Jan 2021

Summary Of 2019 Brano Heart Failure Forum Presentations, Rajko Radovancevic, Bojan Vrtovec, Igor D. Gregoric

The VAD Journal

The Branislav “Brano” Radovancevic Heart Failure Forum (BHFF) was established in 2008. Each year, experts in the field of heart failure gather to learn, discuss and debate the recent advances and theories related to diagnostics and therapeutics. The 12th Annual BHFF was held September 18-21, 2019, in Belgrade, Serbia, and was attended by over 350 participants from 15 countries. Over four days, seventeen separate sessions focused on challenges and solutions related to mechanical circulatory support and heart transplantation. For the first time, a summary of selected presentations was organized and presented herein.

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Foods-Related Fraud Crimes In Accordance With Uae Federal Law No. 19 Of 2016 On Combating Commercial Fraud, Dr. Ezzat Mohamed El Omary Jan 2021

Foods-Related Fraud Crimes In Accordance With Uae Federal Law No. 19 Of 2016 On Combating Commercial Fraud, Dr. Ezzat Mohamed El Omary

UAEU Law Journal

Adulteration of food is one of the vital issues that countries concerned about; that is due to their negative impact recently on consumers’ health. Especially, with the liberalization of markets and the globalization. This alongside with the development of fraud methods increased risks to consumers. Thus, The UAE legislator considered this by issuing the Anti-fraud Federal Law No. 19 of 2016, which considered any commitments against human or animal food as a punishable crime. Criminalization in this regard requires that the criminal needs to be a consumer pre to the commit of the crime; such commitments are specified in the …

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Integration Of Traditional And Biotech Approaches To Improve Forage Lotus Species For Stressing Environments In South America, Mónica Rebuffo, Juan Sanjuán, Birgit K. Hougaard, Niels Sandal, Lene H. Madsen, Jens Stougaard, Antonio J. Márquez Jan 2021

Integration Of Traditional And Biotech Approaches To Improve Forage Lotus Species For Stressing Environments In South America, Mónica Rebuffo, Juan Sanjuán, Birgit K. Hougaard, Niels Sandal, Lene H. Madsen, Jens Stougaard, Antonio J. Márquez

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

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Developing Ecologically‐Adapted Plants For Farming Systems In Southern Australia: Perennials For The Medium To Low Rainfall Zone, Sarita Jane Bennett Jan 2021

Developing Ecologically‐Adapted Plants For Farming Systems In Southern Australia: Perennials For The Medium To Low Rainfall Zone, Sarita Jane Bennett

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

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Sustainability Of Semi‐Arid Extensive Livestock Systems In Senegal: Elements For Modelling Animal‐Plant Interactions, G. Chirat, F. Bocquier, F. Bousquet, A. Ickowicz Jan 2021

Sustainability Of Semi‐Arid Extensive Livestock Systems In Senegal: Elements For Modelling Animal‐Plant Interactions, G. Chirat, F. Bocquier, F. Bousquet, A. Ickowicz

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

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Developing Pupils’ Logical Thinking Ability In The Study Of Geometric Materials In Mathematics Of Primary Schools, Gulchehra Mamurjanovna Sofiboyeva Phd Jan 2021

Developing Pupils’ Logical Thinking Ability In The Study Of Geometric Materials In Mathematics Of Primary Schools, Gulchehra Mamurjanovna Sofiboyeva Phd

Central Asian Journal of Education

This article discusses effective ways of teaching geometric materials in the development of logical thinking skills of primary school pupils. We analyzed the approximate appearance of how a pupil can express his or her thoughts in his or her speech.

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Generative Multi-Label Zero-Shot Learning, Akshita Gupta, Sanath Narayan, Salman Khan, Fahad Shahbaz Khan, Ling Shao, Joost Van De Weijer Jan 2021

Generative Multi-Label Zero-Shot Learning, Akshita Gupta, Sanath Narayan, Salman Khan, Fahad Shahbaz Khan, Ling Shao, Joost Van De Weijer

Computer Vision Faculty Publications

Multi-label zero-shot learning strives to classify images into multiple unseen categories for which no data is available during training. The test samples can additionally contain seen categories in the generalized variant. Existing approaches rely on learning either shared or label-specific attention from the seen classes. Nevertheless, computing reliable attention maps for unseen classes during inference in a multi-label setting is still a challenge. In contrast, state-of-the-art single-label generative adversarial network (GAN) based approaches learn to directly synthesize the class-specific visual features from the corresponding class attribute embeddings. However, synthesizing multi-label features from GANs is still unexplored in the context of …

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Evaluation Of Bacillus Subtilis Pb6 Probiotic (Clostat®500) On Feedlot Phase Growth Performance, Efficiency Of Dietary Net Energy Utilization, And Fecal And Subiliac Lymph Node Salmonella Prevalence In Spring Placement Yearling Beef Steers Fed In Southeastern South Dakota, Zachary K. Smith, P. Rand Broadway, Warren C. Rusche, Julie A. Walker, Keith R. Underwood, Jeri;Yn E. Hergenreder Jan 2021

Evaluation Of Bacillus Subtilis Pb6 Probiotic (Clostat®500) On Feedlot Phase Growth Performance, Efficiency Of Dietary Net Energy Utilization, And Fecal And Subiliac Lymph Node Salmonella Prevalence In Spring Placement Yearling Beef Steers Fed In Southeastern South Dakota, Zachary K. Smith, P. Rand Broadway, Warren C. Rusche, Julie A. Walker, Keith R. Underwood, Jeri;Yn E. Hergenreder

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
The objective of this research was to determine the influence of Bacillus subtilis PB6 administration had on growth performance, carcass traits, and Salmonella prevalence in yearling steers placed on feed in March in southeastern South Dakota that were not subjected to marketing or environmental stressors during the finishing phase.
Study Description
Yearling crossbred beef steers (N = 238; initial shrunk BW = 886 ± 68.8 lbs) were used in a 140-d finishing study at the Southeast Research Farm (SERF) in Beresford, SD. Steers were allotted to one of 24 pens (N = 9 to 10 steers/pen) and assigned to …

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