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2020

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Erratum: (Journal Of Food And Drug Analysis Vol. 13 (1)), Skip Jul 2020

Erratum: (Journal Of Food And Drug Analysis Vol. 13 (1)), Skip

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

[No abstract available]

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Simultaneous Analysis Of Ten Components In Patch Preparation Of Wan-Yin-Gau By High Performance Liquid Chromatography, H.-L. Lay, C.-C. Chen, S.-C. Huang, T.-M. Cham, T.-S. Wu Jul 2020

Simultaneous Analysis Of Ten Components In Patch Preparation Of Wan-Yin-Gau By High Performance Liquid Chromatography, H.-L. Lay, C.-C. Chen, S.-C. Huang, T.-M. Cham, T.-S. Wu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A facile HPLC method for the reduction and quantitative measurement of ten marker substances, the active ingredients in formula preparation of Wan-Yin-Gau, was established under the gradient elution in the reversed-phase mode. These marker substances included cinnamic acid, cinnamaldehyde (Cinnamomi Cortex), isoimperatorin (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix and Notopterygii Rhizoma), ferulic acid (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), paeoniflorin (Paeoniae Radix), glycyrrhizin (Glycyrrhizae Radix), harpagoside (Scrophulariae Radix), emodin, sennoside A, and sennoside B (Rhei Rhizoma). The ingredients in the water-based and oil-based patches from different manufactures were also analyzed for quality evaluation. Extracted samples were analyzed with reverse-phase column (Inertsil 5 ODS-2, 4.6 i.d. × …

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Low-Molecular-Weight Peptides As Related To Antioxidant Properties Of Chicken Essence, H.-C. Wu, B.S. Pan, C.-L. Chang, C.-Y. Shiau Jul 2020

Low-Molecular-Weight Peptides As Related To Antioxidant Properties Of Chicken Essence, H.-C. Wu, B.S. Pan, C.-L. Chang, C.-Y. Shiau

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Different antioxidant measurements, including the inhibition of linoleic acid autoxidation, scavenging effect on α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl free radical, reducing power, and chelating abilities of metal ions Cu2+ and Fe2+, showed that the extract of chicken essence possessed antioxidant activities. The antioxidant activity increased with increasing concentration. Chicken essence contained a considerable amount of free amino acids, of which taurine was the predominant compound. Low-molecular-weight peptides were also present in a large quantity. An extraordinary feature was that the product contained high levels of potent antioxidants, anserine and carnosine. Three antioxidant peptide fractions of chicken essence were separated by size exclusion chromatography. The …

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A Fast Gc-Ms Screening Procedure For Ketamine And Its Metabolites In Urine Samples, H.-R. Lin, A.-C. Lua Jul 2020

A Fast Gc-Ms Screening Procedure For Ketamine And Its Metabolites In Urine Samples, H.-R. Lin, A.-C. Lua

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The rapid increase of ketamine abuse worldwide has created a need for a fast and efficient screening procedure. Currently, there is no commercially available immunoassay. We developed a simple extraction and GC/MS screening procedure to screen out negative samples. Urine samples (1 mL) were spiked with ketamine-d4 as internal standard. After liquid-liquid extraction, samples were screened for ketamine (K) and its two metabolites, norketamine (NK) and dehydronorketamine (DHNK), with GC/MS without derivatization. The total analytical time is 5 min for each sample. The detection limit for K, NK and DHNK was 10 ng/mL, 10 ng/mL and 30 ng/mL, respectively. The …

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Development Of Multiplex And Quantitative Pcr Assay To Detect Genetically Modified Roundup Ready Soybean In Foods, W.-Y. Wang, T.J. Fang Jul 2020

Development Of Multiplex And Quantitative Pcr Assay To Detect Genetically Modified Roundup Ready Soybean In Foods, W.-Y. Wang, T.J. Fang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The objective of this study was to develop a qualitative detection method for genetically modified (GM) soybeans using the multiplex PCR technique. Potential applications for using the developed detection method to analyze GM material in soya and its products were also evaluated. Four primers for the detection of transferred genes in Roundup Ready soybean artificially synthesized for this study included 35sP (Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter), nosT (Agrobacterium tumefaciens nopaline synthase terminator), and 35sP/CTP (Petunia hybrida EPSPS chloroplast transit peptide). In addition, Lec (Lectin) primers were used to detect soybean species specificity. The results showed using either 35sP or 35sP/CTP …

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Multiresidue Determination Of Pesticide In Fishery Products By A Tandem Solid-Phase Extraction Technique, F. Sun, S.-S. Wong, G.-C. Li, S.-N. Chen Jul 2020

Multiresidue Determination Of Pesticide In Fishery Products By A Tandem Solid-Phase Extraction Technique, F. Sun, S.-S. Wong, G.-C. Li, S.-N. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In order to simplify the survey of pesticide (including carbamate, organochlorine, organophosphate and synthetic pyrethroid pesticides) residues in fishery products (including bivalve, crustacean, fish and cuttlefish), multiresidue determination methods were developed through a solid phase extraction (SPE) technique. In the present procedures, samples were extracted with acetonitrile except for bivalve and cuttlefish samples. Mixed solvent of water, acetone and acetonitrile was added to bivalve prior to homogenization, whereas water was needed in cuttlefish samples for blending. For both kinds of sample, an additional procedure of salting-out was needed during extraction. Tandem SPE cartridges of C18 and aminopropyl, using acetonitrile as …

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Fluorescence Versus Radioactivity For Assaying Antifungal Compound Inhibited Yeast 1,3-Β-Glucan Synthase Activity, Y.-T. Ko, W.-Y. Cheng Jul 2020

Fluorescence Versus Radioactivity For Assaying Antifungal Compound Inhibited Yeast 1,3-Β-Glucan Synthase Activity, Y.-T. Ko, W.-Y. Cheng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Yeast membrane (1,3)-β-glucan synthase (GS; EC 2.4.1.34) activity was assayed by a fluorescent dye-binding method and a conventional radioactivity method to compare its in vitro inhibition by the echinocandin-class antifungal compound. In the fluorescence method, GS-containing microsomal plasma membrane was first reacted with UDP-glucose substrate to form the 1,3-β-glucan product. The product was then solubilized and bound specifically with aniline blue to form a 1,3-β-glucan-fluorochrome dye complex for reporting the GS activity. The effect of each component in the GS assay buffer on fluorescence was examined. A calibration curve was constructed using yeast glucan as standard. In addition, the GS …

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The Combination Effects Of Phytoestrogens On Cell Proliferation, Cell Cycle Progression And Estrogen Receptor Alpha, C. Ying, J.-T. Hsu, C.-D. Yang, S.-J. Hsung, L.-K. Wang, C.-M. Lin, L.-F.O. Chen Jul 2020

The Combination Effects Of Phytoestrogens On Cell Proliferation, Cell Cycle Progression And Estrogen Receptor Alpha, C. Ying, J.-T. Hsu, C.-D. Yang, S.-J. Hsung, L.-K. Wang, C.-M. Lin, L.-F.O. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Phytoestrogens are plant chemicals that have been related to the occurrence of human breast cancers and other estrogen-dependent cancers. This study was designed to examine the potential combinational effects and estrogenic activity of phytoestrogens in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Results showed that the phytoestrogens biochanin A and daidzein inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Both biochanin A and daidzein delayed the progression of the cell cycle from the G2/M phase to the G1 phase at growth inhibitory concentrations. Treatment with biochanin A down-regulated the level of estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-α) mRNA, but this down-regulation was not …

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Development Of A Modified Enrichment Method For The Rapid Immunoassay Of Escherichia Coli O157 Strains In Fresh Cut Vegetables, C.-C. Huang, Y.-R. Yang, S.-M. Liau, P.-P. Chang, C.-Y. Cheng Jul 2020

Development Of A Modified Enrichment Method For The Rapid Immunoassay Of Escherichia Coli O157 Strains In Fresh Cut Vegetables, C.-C. Huang, Y.-R. Yang, S.-M. Liau, P.-P. Chang, C.-Y. Cheng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a pathogen that colonizes human intestinal epithelial membrane and causes a characteristic lesion and severe syndromes, including diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. It is difficult to isolate and identify this pathogen. The purpose of this research was to establish a two-stage enrichment method for the detection of E. coli O157:H7 in fresh cut vegetables. Fresh cut vegetable samples were first enriched in modified EC broth with novo-biocin at 42°C for 6 hr, and then transferred to sorbitol MacConkey broth containing cefixime and tellurite at 35°C for 18 hr. Finally, the enriched …

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Determination Of Sirolimus In Blood By High-Performance Liquid Chromatography With Ultraviolet Detection - Experience And Review, F.-L.L. Wu, R.R.-L. Chen, S.-S. Lee, S.-W. Sun Jul 2020

Determination Of Sirolimus In Blood By High-Performance Liquid Chromatography With Ultraviolet Detection - Experience And Review, F.-L.L. Wu, R.R.-L. Chen, S.-S. Lee, S.-W. Sun

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Sirolimus (SRL) is a potent immunosuppressant. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of SRL is required to optimize the therapy. Immunoassay, high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV), and HPLC with mass-spectrometric detection (HPLC-MS or HPLC/MS/MS) have been used in the analysis of SRL. The purpose of this study was to share our experience in validating a HPLC-UV method for analyzing SRL and to have an overview of HPLC-UV methods used in SRL assay. A validated HPLC/UV method developed by Wyeth-Ayerst Research with minor modification was use to determine SRL concentration in human whole blood. An Alltima C18 column (5 μm, 150 …

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Antioxidant Properties Of Caseins And Whey Proteins From Colostrums, S.-H. Chiang, C.-Y. Chang Jul 2020

Antioxidant Properties Of Caseins And Whey Proteins From Colostrums, S.-H. Chiang, C.-Y. Chang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The bovine colostrums collected within 7 days postpartum were used to prepare caseins and whey proteins. The caseins and whey proteins obtained by acid precipitation were freeze-dried and then dissolved respectively in 0.1 M and 0.05 M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) for electrophoresis and antioxidant activity analysis. The antioxidant activities, including reducing power, ferrous ion chelating ability, α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation, were measured and compared with α-tocopherol, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) or ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA, 2 Na-salt). Results showed that whey proteins at a concentration of 20 mg/mL had triple reducing power …

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Analysis Of Flavonoids In Propolis By Capillary Electrophoresis, S.-H. Fu, M.-H. Yang, H.-M. Wen, J.-C. Chern Jul 2020

Analysis Of Flavonoids In Propolis By Capillary Electrophoresis, S.-H. Fu, M.-H. Yang, H.-M. Wen, J.-C. Chern

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Flavonoid contents of nine raw and nine commercial propolis samples were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis. At first, 15 commercially available flavonoid standards including apigenin, chrysin, luteolin, galangin, kaempferol, morin, myricetin, quercetin, quercitrin, rutin, hesperetin, naringin, naringenin, daidzein and genistein were used to develop the electrophoretic conditions. At a running temperature of 25°C and detection wavelength at 214 nm, the separation of these standards was most satisfactorily achieved by a combination of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), utilizing 0.1 M borate buffer (pH 9.5) containing 5% methanol under a voltage of 18 kV, and micellar electrokinetic capillary electrophoresis (MECC), utilizing 0.03 M …

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Pharmacokinetics Of A New Antitumor Agent, 1-[3-(Furo[3,2-C]Quinolin-4-Ylamino)Phenyl]-Ethanoe-O-Methyl-Oxime, In Rat Using A High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method, P.-C. Wu, Y.-B. Huang, C.-K. Chang, Y.-L. Chen, C.-C. Tzeng, Y.-H. Tsai Jul 2020

Pharmacokinetics Of A New Antitumor Agent, 1-[3-(Furo[3,2-C]Quinolin-4-Ylamino)Phenyl]-Ethanoe-O-Methyl-Oxime, In Rat Using A High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method, P.-C. Wu, Y.-B. Huang, C.-K. Chang, Y.-L. Chen, C.-C. Tzeng, Y.-H. Tsai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

1-[3-(Furo[3,2-C]quinolin-4-ylamino)phenyl]-ethanoe-O-methyl-oxime (CCK3) is an antitumor agent, particularly active against the growth of the renal cancer cell, UO-31, and two melanoma cancer cells, UACC-257 and UACC-62, as indicated in the NCI's full panel of 60 human cancer cell lines cytotoxicity evaluation. From the structure-activity relationships between amsacrine and CCK3, CCK3 was expected to have longer half-life than amsacrine in plasma. Therefore, a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for the determination of pharmacokinetics of CCK3 in rats. The plasma samples were spiked with the internal standard 2-naphthol and extracted using dichloromethane. A C18 column (55 × 4 …

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Effect Of Deep Sea Water On The Exercise-Induced Fatigue Of Rats, S.-T. Wang, D.-F. Hwang, R.-H. Chen, Y.-C. Chen, C.-W. Liang, C.-S. Lin, M.-L. Tsai Jul 2020

Effect Of Deep Sea Water On The Exercise-Induced Fatigue Of Rats, S.-T. Wang, D.-F. Hwang, R.-H. Chen, Y.-C. Chen, C.-W. Liang, C.-S. Lin, M.-L. Tsai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study is to investigate the effect of deep sea water (DSW) on the exercise-induced fatigue of rats. The exhaustive exercise test on the treadmill and the measurement of biochemical values related to fatigue were conducted after the two-week feeding to male Wistar rats with different hardnesses DSW (DRO, D100, D600) in different dosages (6, 12, 30 mL/kg·d). It was found that the exhausting time and the ratio of lactic acid elimination to lactic acid increment from the experiment groups were significantly better than those from the control group. The BUN level of rats fed with D100 in a dosage …

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Spectrophotometric Determination Of Lisinopril In Pharmaceuticals Using Ninhydrin- A Modified Approach, K. Basavaiah, K. Tharpa, S.G. Hiriyanna, K.B. Vinay Jul 2020

Spectrophotometric Determination Of Lisinopril In Pharmaceuticals Using Ninhydrin- A Modified Approach, K. Basavaiah, K. Tharpa, S.G. Hiriyanna, K.B. Vinay

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

An accurate and precise spectrophotometric method is presented for the determination of lisinopril based on the formation of a yellow colour product with ninhydrin in the presence of bicarbonate with an absorption maximum at 420 nm. The reaction proceeds quantitatively at 97 ± 1°C in 10 mm. The calibration curve is linear over the range of 5.0-50.0 μg/mL and is described by the regression equation A = (-) 0.0175 + 0.0079 C with a regression coefficient (r) of 0.9979 (n = 6). The calculated molar absorptivity and Sandell sensitivity values are 2.02 × 103 L/mol/cm and 0.219 μg/cm2, respectively. The …

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Induction Of Apoptosis Of A549 Lung Cancer Cell Line By Dehydrocostus Lactone Isolated From Glossogyne Tenuifolia, H.-F. Hsu, Y.-C. Wu, L.-C. Chen, J.-Y. Houng Jul 2020

Induction Of Apoptosis Of A549 Lung Cancer Cell Line By Dehydrocostus Lactone Isolated From Glossogyne Tenuifolia, H.-F. Hsu, Y.-C. Wu, L.-C. Chen, J.-Y. Houng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Glossogyne tenufolia is a traditional antipyretic and hepatoprotective herb used in Taiwan. In this study, dehydrocostus lactone (DL, 6-hydroxy-guaia-4(15) , 10(14), 11(13)-trien-12-oic acid lactone) and mokko lactone (ML, 4(15), 10(14)-guaiadien-12,6-olide lactone) were isolated from the crude extract of G. tenufolia. Structures of these two compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic evidence. These two sesquiterpene lactones were identified for the first time from G. tenufolia. From cytotoxicity tests, DL inhibited the proliferation of human lung cancer A549 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, whereas the cytotoxicity of ML on A549 cells was unimportant. The cytometric analysis showed that the A549 cells …

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Dietary Caffeic Acid, Ferulic Acid And Coumaric Acid Supplements On Cholesterol Metabolism And Antioxidant Activity In Rats, Y.-H. Yeh, Y.-T. Lee, H.-S. Hsieh, D.-F. Hwang Jul 2020

Dietary Caffeic Acid, Ferulic Acid And Coumaric Acid Supplements On Cholesterol Metabolism And Antioxidant Activity In Rats, Y.-H. Yeh, Y.-T. Lee, H.-S. Hsieh, D.-F. Hwang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study was designed to test the lipid-lowering and antioxidative activities of three phenolic compounds, caffeic acid, ferulic acid and coumaric acid. Four groups of rats were given a semisynthetic diet containing 3% of cholesterol for 6 weeks. The control group only received a high cholesterol diet, whereas the other three groups received a diet including 0.2% of caffeic acid, 0.2% of ferulic acid and 0.2% of coumaric acid. The caffeic acid, ferulic acid and coumaric acid significantly lowered the plasma lipid and hepatic cholesterol levels compared to those in the control (p < 0.05). The hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity was significantly lower in the caffeic acid group than in the ferulic acid and coumaric acid groups (p < 0.05), while the hepatic ACAT activity was significantly lower in the caffeic acid, ferulic acid and coumaric acid groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The overall potential of the antioxidant system was significantly enhanced by the caffeic acid, ferulic acid and coumaric acid supplements as the plasma and hepatic TBARS levels were lowered while the hepatic SOD activities and GSH concentration were elevated in the high-cholesterol-fed rats (p < 0.05). Furthermore, these results indicated that the supplementation of caffeic acid, ferulic acid and coumaric acid boosted the antioxidant activity in rats and promoted the excretion of neutral sterol and acidic sterol (p < 0.05), thereby leading to a decreased absorption of dietary cholesterol as well as lower plasma, hepatic cholesterol and promoted excretion of fecal sterols.

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Determination Of Oleanolic Acid And Ursolic Acid In Oldenlandia Diffusa And Its Substitute Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Z. Liang, Z. Jiang, D.W. Fong, Z. Zhao Jul 2020

Determination Of Oleanolic Acid And Ursolic Acid In Oldenlandia Diffusa And Its Substitute Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Z. Liang, Z. Jiang, D.W. Fong, Z. Zhao

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

An improved quality evaluation method for Oldenlandia diffusa (Willd.) Roxb. and its substitute was established by a well-defined high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method. Firstly, a complete separation of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid was successfully achieved by optimizing the mobile phase systems based on previous reports. The extraction method was optimized and the less toxic solvent was selected for extraction. The systematic survey of herbal markets has shown that O. corymbosa (L.) Lam are widely available and used indiscriminately as O. diffusa. Twenty-seven samples of O. diffusa and seventeen samples of O. corymbosa were analyzed. The results showed that …

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(Journal Of Food And Drug Analysis 17, 1 (43)), J. Han Jul 2020

(Journal Of Food And Drug Analysis 17, 1 (43)), J. Han

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

[No abstract available]

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Determination Of Fluoride In Tea Leaves And Tea Infusions By Ion Selective Electrode, T.-H. Shyu, J.-H. Chen, Y.-H. Lee Jul 2020

Determination Of Fluoride In Tea Leaves And Tea Infusions By Ion Selective Electrode, T.-H. Shyu, J.-H. Chen, Y.-H. Lee

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A fluoride ion selective electrode method for the determination of fluoride contents in tea leaves and tea infusions was set up. Using commercial timothy grass powder and tea leaf powder as standard materials, this method demonstrated linearity between 0.02 and 2.00 mg/L of fluoride with R2 greater than 0.999. Both materials had coefficient of variations (CV, %) less than 3%, indicating good reproducibility in the determinations. The recovery tests of tea infusions spiked with different amounts of sodium fluoride demonstrated 94-107% of recovery with CV less than 1.2%, indicating that the method is very accurate. With 1% of tea leaves …

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Detection Of Conjugated Soy Metabolites In Urinary And Tissue Samples After Methanol Extraction, H.C. Chang, J. Han, R.L. Prior Jul 2020

Detection Of Conjugated Soy Metabolites In Urinary And Tissue Samples After Methanol Extraction, H.C. Chang, J. Han, R.L. Prior

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Glucuronide conjugates of soy isoflavone metabolites genistein, daidzein, glycitein and equol in urinary samples from women, female pigs and female rats were pretreated with methanol instead of solid phase extraction or liquid-liquid extraction after enzymatic digestion. The samples were analyzed using an LC-ESI-MS/MS ion trap system. Analysis of rat liver sample using this procedure was also attempted. By comparison the elution sequences with results from previous studies, glucuronide conjugates including 7-gluc-Dai, 7-gluc-Gly, 4′-gluc-Dai, 7-gluc-Gen, then 4′-gluc-Gen were identified sequentially in women urine. However, 5-gluc-Gen was also observed in female porcine urine. In rat urine, sul-Dai was observed after 7-gluc-Dai, while …

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Evaluation On The Analytical Methods For Tissue Plasminogen Activator (Tpa) In Pharmaceutical Formulations, J.-C. Hsu, Y.-N. Chiou, H.-C. Hsu, Y.-H. Chen, J.-Y. Chiou, C.-P. Lin Jul 2020

Evaluation On The Analytical Methods For Tissue Plasminogen Activator (Tpa) In Pharmaceutical Formulations, J.-C. Hsu, Y.-N. Chiou, H.-C. Hsu, Y.-H. Chen, J.-Y. Chiou, C.-P. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Tissue plasminogen activator, tPA, is a thrombolytic agent for treatment of the brain or myocardium infarction. Clot lysis assay is a functional determination method of tPA described in the pharmacopeia. However, the accuracy of clot lysis assay is insufficient because the lysis-time is not determined by the end-point detection. Therefore, an alternative analytical method for the post-marketing quality survey of tPA pharmaceutical formulations is needed. This study was aimed to establish a rapid, precise and cost-saving analytical method for tPA routine test. We have compared methods of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), size-exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC), in vitro clot …

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Metabonomic Study With A High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupling To A Triple Quadruple Mass Spectrometer To Identify Biomarkers From Urine Of High-Fat Fed And Streptozotocin Treated Rats, Y.-H. Chen, C.-H. Chen, C.-J. Lin, C.-C. Chen Jul 2020

Metabonomic Study With A High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupling To A Triple Quadruple Mass Spectrometer To Identify Biomarkers From Urine Of High-Fat Fed And Streptozotocin Treated Rats, Y.-H. Chen, C.-H. Chen, C.-J. Lin, C.-C. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

High performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass (MS/MS) detector was employed to scan the urinary metabolites of Wistar rats (n=5 each group) fed with either control diet or high fat diet with a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) for 14 weeks. Principle component analysis (PCA) of the LC-MS data was performed for pattern re-cognition and it clearly showed that the dosed animals displayed different metabolic responses even though they received the same treatment. Components responsible for the separation were identified with MS/MS. Glucose and malonic acid were among some other components in Krebs cycle to …

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Effect Of Chloramphenicol On A Bioassay Response For The Detection Of Tetracycline Residues In Milk, O. Nagel, M. De La L. Zapata, J.C. Basílico, J. Bertero, M.P. Molina, R. Althaus Jul 2020

Effect Of Chloramphenicol On A Bioassay Response For The Detection Of Tetracycline Residues In Milk, O. Nagel, M. De La L. Zapata, J.C. Basílico, J. Bertero, M.P. Molina, R. Althaus

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The tetracyclines are commonly used in veterinary medicine, and yet the residues are not always detected by microbiological inhibitor tests using Geobacillus stearothermophilus subsp. calidolactis C-953 at their Maximum Residue Limit levels. In order to improve the sensitivity of these methods, a bioassay was evaluated to study the effect produced by the incorporation of different chloramphenicol (CAP) concentrations in the culture medium. The specificity and detection limits of six tetracyclines in milk were determined. As the levels of CAP increased, a decrease in specificity, from 97.9% (for 0, 50, 200 and 400 μg/kg of CAP) to 88.0% (for 600 μg/kg …

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Sequence Analysis Based On Its1 Region Of Nuclear Ribosomal Dna Of Amomum Villosum And Ten Species Of Alpinia, C.-F. Qiao, Q.-B. Han, Z.-L. Zhao, Z.-T. Wang, L.-S. Xu, H.-X. Xu Jul 2020

Sequence Analysis Based On Its1 Region Of Nuclear Ribosomal Dna Of Amomum Villosum And Ten Species Of Alpinia, C.-F. Qiao, Q.-B. Han, Z.-L. Zhao, Z.-T. Wang, L.-S. Xu, H.-X. Xu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Ripe fruits of Amomum villosum Lour. are important traditional Chinese medicines and food spices. Due to similar morphological and anatomical characteristics, fruits from some Alpinia species are used clinically as substitutes or adulterants of Fructus Amomi. In this study, we determined the nrDNA ITS1 (internal transcribed space 1) sequences from Amomum villosum and ten Alpinia species, which are adulterants of Fructus Amomi. The ITS1 sequences of these species were 175-179 bp in length, and the G+C contents were 53.37-56.74%. Sequence alignment revealed that there were 55 polymorphic nucleotide sites among the tested species. The base substitution were 0.57-9.60% within the …

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Determination Of Zearalenone In Cereals By High-Performance Liquid Chromatography And Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry, C.-D. Liao, L.-C. Chiueh, D.Y.-C. Shih Jul 2020

Determination Of Zearalenone In Cereals By High-Performance Liquid Chromatography And Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry, C.-D. Liao, L.-C. Chiueh, D.Y.-C. Shih

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Zearalenone is a mycotoxin produced mainly by fungi belonging to the genus Fusarium in foods and feeds. A rapid and accurate method to quantify zearalenone in cereals was described. The determination of zearalenone was performed using immunoaffinity column for clean-up, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/fluorescence for quantification and liquid chromatography/electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS-MS) for confirmation. Cereal samples were extracted with acetonitrile-water (90:10, v/v) prior to a Vicam ZearalaTest™ immunoaffinity column clean-up. Zearalenone was eluted from the column with methanol and quantified by HPLC with fluorescence detection (λex = 274 nm, λem = 440 nm). A mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (50:50, …

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Twenty-First-Century Innovation Pathways For The U.S. Navy In The Age Of Competition, James A. Russell Jul 2020

Twenty-First-Century Innovation Pathways For The U.S. Navy In The Age Of Competition, James A. Russell

Naval War College Review

Recent programs such as the littoral combat ship, the Zumwalt-class guided-missile destroyer, and the Ford-class aircraft carrier all have highlighted the Navy’s failure to produce innovative, afford-able ships in the quantity and of the quality needed to configure a larger, redesigned fleet. Unless the Navy can address mistakes made in these programs it will have difficulty innovating success-fully—with potentially disastrous consequences.

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Twentieth Year Note, S.-I. Wu Jul 2020

Twentieth Year Note, S.-I. Wu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

[No abstract available]

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Analysis Of Poisoning Cases, Monitoring And Risk Warning For Marine Toxins (Ttx, Psp And Ctxs) In Taiwan, W.-F. Lin, D.-F. Hwang Jul 2020

Analysis Of Poisoning Cases, Monitoring And Risk Warning For Marine Toxins (Ttx, Psp And Ctxs) In Taiwan, W.-F. Lin, D.-F. Hwang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Tetrodotoxin (TTX), paralytic shellfish poisons (PSP) and ciguateric toxins (CTXs) are the most important marine toxins causing seafood poisoning for humans. In this report, the poisoning cases and the causative species of marine toxins in Taiwan in recent year were reviewed. TTX poisoning cases in Taiwan were usually caused by puffer processed products such as dried dressed puffer fillet and puffer roe, followed by toxic puffer, gastropod and goby. PSP poisoning cases in Taiwan were usually caused by gastropod and shellfish contaminated from dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum, and the main toxins were identified as saxitoxin, neo saxitoxin and gonyautoxin1-4. For CTXs …

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Validated Stability-Indicating Hplc And Hptlc Methods For The Determination Of Ritonavir In Bulk Powder And In Capsules, M.H. Abdelhay, A.A. Gazy, R.A. Shaalan, H.K. Ashour Jul 2020

Validated Stability-Indicating Hplc And Hptlc Methods For The Determination Of Ritonavir In Bulk Powder And In Capsules, M.H. Abdelhay, A.A. Gazy, R.A. Shaalan, H.K. Ashour

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Two sensitive and reproducible methods were described for the quantitative determination of the antireteroviral drug ritonavir in the presence of its degradation products. The first method was based on high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) separation of the drug from its stress degradation products with the use of a reversed phase Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column (5 μm, 4.6 x 150 mm) and a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile : 0.05 M phosphoric acid (55:45, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The retention time of the drug was found to be 4.82 ± 0.002 min. Quantification was achieved with diode …

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