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2020

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Isolation And Identification Of Two Antrodia Cinnamomea Strains From Fruiting Bodies, C.-Y. Chang, M.-Y. Lue, T.-M. Pan Jul 2020

Isolation And Identification Of Two Antrodia Cinnamomea Strains From Fruiting Bodies, C.-Y. Chang, M.-Y. Lue, T.-M. Pan

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Antrodia cinnamomea strains ACTS1 and AC0623 were isolated from the fruiting bodies. The partial sequences of ribosomal RNA gene, including the internal transcribed spacers, ITS1-5.8S-ITS2, and 18S ribosomal RNA genes, have been sequenced and applied to identify these two strains. Four specific primer sets (NS1/NS2, NS3/NS4, NS5/NS8, and ITS1/ITS4) were utilized to perform PCR experiment of the ribosomal RNA genes. Comparison of partial nucleotide sequences (ITSI-5.8S-ITS2) with strains from different genus (Antrodiella semisupina, Antrodiella romellii and Trametes versicolor) was made. These DNA sequence data demonstrated that there is no difference among ACTS1, AC0623, BCRC 35396 and BCRC 35398. The colony …

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Antioxidant Activity Of 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde Isolated From Geum Japonicum, J.B. Kim, J.B. Kim, K.J. Cho, G.M. König, A.D. Wright Jul 2020

Antioxidant Activity Of 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde Isolated From Geum Japonicum, J.B. Kim, J.B. Kim, K.J. Cho, G.M. König, A.D. Wright

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Methanol extracts from 20 Korean plants were screened for their antioxidant and radical scavenging activities. The methanol extract of Geum japonicum (Rosaceae) was found to be the most active one. Purification of this extract by liquid/liquid partitioning followed by open column chromatography (Sephadex LH-20), and finally RP-C18 HPLC led to the isolation and identification of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzaldehyde (THBA) as the active principle. Compared to four other standard antioxidants which were butylatedhy-droxytoluene (BHT), butylatedhydroxyanisole (BHA), α-tocopherol, and rosmarinic acid, THBA was found to be significantly more active in the radical scavenging assay using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Similar results were obtained in the Rancimat …

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Spectrofluorimetric Determination Of Labetalol In Pharmaceutical Preparations And Biological Fluids, D.R. El-Wasseef, S.M. El-Ashry, M.A. Abu-El-Enein, M.A.A. Moustafa Jul 2020

Spectrofluorimetric Determination Of Labetalol In Pharmaceutical Preparations And Biological Fluids, D.R. El-Wasseef, S.M. El-Ashry, M.A. Abu-El-Enein, M.A.A. Moustafa

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A simple and highly sensitive spectrofluorimetric method has been developed for the determination of labetalol (LBT) in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids. The method is based on the reaction between the nitroso-derivative of LBT and 2-cyanoacetamide (2-CAA) in the presence of ammonia to give fluorescent product with excitation wavelength of 335 nm and emission wavelength of 420 nm. The reaction conditions were studied and optimized. The fluorescence intensity-concentration plot is rectilinear over the concentration range of 0.025-0.250 μg/mL with minimum detectability of 1.40 ng/mL (3.6x10-9 M). The proposed method was successfully applied to commercial tablets containing LBT; the percentage recoveries …

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Analysis Of Antiretroviral Drugs In Biological Matrices For Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, A. Önal Jul 2020

Analysis Of Antiretroviral Drugs In Biological Matrices For Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, A. Önal

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

High-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs in biological matrices are reviewed for therapeutic drug monitoring purposes. HPLC is the most often used analysis method of these drugs. Liquid-liquid extraction, solid phase extraction and protein precipitation were used for the prepurification of the biological samples. ARV drugs were detected by various detection methods, including ultraviolet, fluorescence, mass spectrometry (MS) and MS/MS. This review shows that HPLC methods allow quantitative determination of antiretroviral drugs, individually or simultaneously in biological matrices for therapeutic drug monitoring purposes.

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Effects Of Storage Time And Temperature On The Stability Of Glutathione In Deproteinized Blood Sample, S.-K. Lin, S.-M. Tsai, J.-C. Huang, S.-C. Lee, S.-H. Wu, S.-H. Wu, H. Ma, J.-T. Lin, L.-Y. Tsai Jul 2020

Effects Of Storage Time And Temperature On The Stability Of Glutathione In Deproteinized Blood Sample, S.-K. Lin, S.-M. Tsai, J.-C. Huang, S.-C. Lee, S.-H. Wu, S.-H. Wu, H. Ma, J.-T. Lin, L.-Y. Tsai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Glutathione is ubiquitous in eucaryotic cells and is implicated in many cellular ftinctions. Release of reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH and GSSG) into the plasma and the ratio of GSH/GSSG are considered a reliable index to evaluate the status of oxidative stress in biological systems. As storage temperatures and time periods have not been studied and discussed, we evaluated the effects of storage period and temperatures on the stability of GSH in blood samples by an automated capillary electropherograph system. After two-way ANOVA analysis, the result indicated that there were statistical significance between the GSH status and the storage period, …

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Erratum: (Journal Of Food And Drug Analysis Vol. 14 (1)), Skip Jul 2020

Erratum: (Journal Of Food And Drug Analysis Vol. 14 (1)), Skip

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

[No abstract available]

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Identification Of Turtle Shell And Its Preparations By Pcr-Dna Sequencing Method, C.-F. Lo, Y.-R. Lin, H.-C. Chang, J.-H. Lin Jul 2020

Identification Of Turtle Shell And Its Preparations By Pcr-Dna Sequencing Method, C.-F. Lo, Y.-R. Lin, H.-C. Chang, J.-H. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with DNA sequencing method has developed to identify the species of turtle shell specimens, skinned and bleached turtle shells, and its preparations. Two pairs of universal primer of mitochondrial gene, 12S rRNA (L:1373, H:1478) and cytochrome b (L:14181, H:15149), were applied to perform PCR and test for the optimal PCR conditions. The PCR products of about 165-bp and 376-bp in size were obtained from all 12 authentic turtle shells by primers of the 12S rRNA gene and the cytochrome b gene, respectively. Following DNA sequencing analysis of both bands without primers and GeneBank database search, …

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Possibly Of Angiotesin Ii-Induced Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Injury Through Oxidative Stress, H.-Q. Liu, X.-B. Wei, R. Sun, B. Zhang, Z.-Y. Wang, X. Sun, X.-M. Zhang Jul 2020

Possibly Of Angiotesin Ii-Induced Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Injury Through Oxidative Stress, H.-Q. Liu, X.-B. Wei, R. Sun, B. Zhang, Z.-Y. Wang, X. Sun, X.-M. Zhang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

An increasing number of studies suggest that angiotensin (Ang) II contributes to the pathology of cerebrovascular disease possibly through injuring of the brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC), but the mechanisms involved are not well elucidated. Recent studies reveal the importance of Ang II in reactive oxygen species induction and endothelial injury. Hence, the present study investigated the involvement of oxidative stress in Ang II-induced BMEC injury. Our results showed that 10-6 mol/L Ang II increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage and inhibited the viability of primary cultured BMEC. Incubation with 10-6 mol/L of Ang II for 48 hr increased the extracellular …

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Effects Of Citrus Grandis Peels On Cyclosporin Concentration And Immune Responses In Mice, S.-H. Fang, Y.-C. Hou, S.-L. Hsiu, P.-D.L. Chao Jul 2020

Effects Of Citrus Grandis Peels On Cyclosporin Concentration And Immune Responses In Mice, S.-H. Fang, Y.-C. Hou, S.-L. Hsiu, P.-D.L. Chao

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A previous study indicated that the coadministration of decoction of Citri Grandis Pericarpiurn (CGP), the peels of Citrus grandis (Rutaceae), significantly increased the blood level of cyclosporin (CsA) and resulted in acute intoxication of pigs. In this study, we aimed to measure the effects of CGP on the distribution of CsA in both lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues as well as on the immune cell function in mice. Our results showed that coadministration of 3 g/kg CGP with CsA (Neoral®, 10 mg/kg) significantly decreased the concentrations of CsA in blood, liver, kidney and spleen by 37 %, 45 %, 46 % …

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Effect Of Melatonin On Antioxidation In The Pc12 Cell Line After Exposure To Ethanol, Y.-M. Tseng, S.-K. Lin, J.-K. Hsiao, I.-J. Chen, J.-H. Lee, S.-H. Wu, L.-Y. Tsai Jul 2020

Effect Of Melatonin On Antioxidation In The Pc12 Cell Line After Exposure To Ethanol, Y.-M. Tseng, S.-K. Lin, J.-K. Hsiao, I.-J. Chen, J.-H. Lee, S.-H. Wu, L.-Y. Tsai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Excessive ethanol consumption may increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which results in the oxidative damage of tissues. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of melatonin on the antioxidative status in the PC12 cell line after exposure to ethanol. In this study, the PC12 cells were treated with the different concentrations of melatonin for 24 hr. Subsequently, the cells were incubated with a fresh medium containing 150 mM of ethanol for 4 hr. To observe the oxidative damage and evaluate the antioxidative status after acute exposure to ethanol, cell viability, percentage of lactate dehydrogenase …

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Adulteration Identification Of Citrus Juice By Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (Dgge), Y.-S. Liu, Y.-T. Shyu Jul 2020

Adulteration Identification Of Citrus Juice By Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (Dgge), Y.-S. Liu, Y.-T. Shyu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

trnL intron and trnL-trnF non-coding region have become powerful tools to identify plants species in the past few years. In this study, above two regions are used to identify oranges and mandarins via a variable DNA fragment in trnL intron. In order to identify the DNA, a primer pair was designed to amplify the variable fragments and the PCR products were analyzed by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE). The method successfully detected other citrus juices mixed in all of the falsely claimed 100% orange juices. It is suggested that the method is useful to detect the adulteration of 100% pure …

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One Peptide Derived From Hen Ovotransferrin As Pro-Drug To Inhibit Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, N.-Y. Lee, J.-T. Cheng, T. Enomoto, Y. Nakano Jul 2020

One Peptide Derived From Hen Ovotransferrin As Pro-Drug To Inhibit Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, N.-Y. Lee, J.-T. Cheng, T. Enomoto, Y. Nakano

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide was derived from hen ovotransferrin and identified as Lys-Val-Arg-Glu-Gly-Thr-Thr-Tyr. It produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of ACE activity in vitro with an IC50 value of 102.8 μM. After hydrolysis by ACE, the product (Lys-Val-Arg-Glu-Gly-Thr) has an IC50 value of 9.1 μM that was about 11-fold lower of the parent peptide. Thus, Lys-Val-Arg-Glu-Gly-Thr-Thr-Tyr can be considered as a pro-drug. Moreover, Lys-Val-Arg-Glu-Gly-Thr-Thr-Tyr and Lys-Val-Arg-Glu-Gly-Thr were intravenously administered into spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) to monitor the time-course change of systolic blood pressure. We found that Lys-Val-Arg-Glu-Gly-Thr-Thr-Tyr and its hydrolyzed product produced the maximal reduction of systolic blood pressure …

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Development And Validation Of High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method For The Determination Of Esomeprazole In Tablets, A. Önal, A. Öztunç Jul 2020

Development And Validation Of High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method For The Determination Of Esomeprazole In Tablets, A. Önal, A. Öztunç

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A simple, selective and accurate high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the analysis of esomeprazole magnesium trihydrate (ES) in tablets. Chromatographic separation was achieved isocratically on a C18 column utilizing a mobile phase of acetonitrile/phosphate buffer (60:40, v/v, pH 7) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min with UV detection at 205 nm. Lansoprazole was used as an internal standard (IS). The calibration curve of ES was linear in the range of 100-1000 ng/mL (r = 0.9992, n = 4). The RSD values for intra- and inter-day precision were 0.66-0.86% and 0.84-1.11%, respectively. The proposed …

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Modulation Of Activated Murine Peritoneal Macrophages Functions By Emodin, Aloe-Emodin And Barbaloin Isolated From Aloe Barbadensis, M. Vanisree, S.-H. Fang, C. Zu, H.-S. Tsay Jul 2020

Modulation Of Activated Murine Peritoneal Macrophages Functions By Emodin, Aloe-Emodin And Barbaloin Isolated From Aloe Barbadensis, M. Vanisree, S.-H. Fang, C. Zu, H.-S. Tsay

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Activated murine macrophages produce high level of nitric oxide by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which is an important mechanism in macrophage-induced inflammation. In the present study, we isolated emodin, aloe-emodin and barbaloin compounds from Aloe barbadensis and investigated their inhibitory effects on the production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-12) from murine macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Our results showed that the 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of emodin, aloe-emodin and barbaloin on NO, TNF-α and IL-12 from activated peritoneal macrophages were 120, 30 and 200 μM respectively. Our experimental results showed …

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Comparison Of Digestion Procedures On Commercial Powdered Soup Samples For The Determination Of Trace Metal Contents By Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, M. Soylak, H. Colak, M. Tuzen, O. Turkoglu, L. Elci Jul 2020

Comparison Of Digestion Procedures On Commercial Powdered Soup Samples For The Determination Of Trace Metal Contents By Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, M. Soylak, H. Colak, M. Tuzen, O. Turkoglu, L. Elci

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The concentrations of copper, manganese, zinc, iron and aluminum in commercial powdered soup samples produced in Turkey were determined using flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. We compared wet, dry and microwave digestion procedures for the digestion of the soup samples. The microwave digestion procedure for the soup samples was demonstrated to be most effective due to its simplicity and quick results. The accuracy of the method was checked against a standard reference material (SRM 8418 Wheat Gluten). Contents of investigated trace metals in soup samples ranged between 0.41 and 4.78 μg/g for copper, 1.29 and 49.4 μg/g for …

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Authentication And Differentiation Of Two Easily Confusable Chinese Material Medica: Herba Solani Lyrati And Herba Aristolochiae Mollissimae, Z. Liang, Z. Jiang, K.S.-Y. Leung, C.-L. Chan, Z. Zhao Jul 2020

Authentication And Differentiation Of Two Easily Confusable Chinese Material Medica: Herba Solani Lyrati And Herba Aristolochiae Mollissimae, Z. Liang, Z. Jiang, K.S.-Y. Leung, C.-L. Chan, Z. Zhao

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

As people now use Chinese herbs worldwide, authentication of Chinese herbs is becoming a critical, international issue because mistakes can cause illness and even death. Confusion in the names is one aspect of this problem; counterfeiting is another. One example of the former, which has had serious medical consequences, involves the common name "Bai Mao Teng". This name has been used for both Herba Solani Lyrati (Solanum lyratum Thumb.) and Herba Aristolochiae Mollissimae (Aristolochia mollissima Hance). Apparently, these herbs belong to two different families but look similar. While S. lyratum is not harmful, A. mollissima contains a toxic substance, aristolochic …

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Determination Of Seven Pueraria Constituents By High Performance Liquid Chromatography And Capillary Electrophoresis, C.-C. Lin, M.-H. Huang, S.-J. Sheu Jul 2020

Determination Of Seven Pueraria Constituents By High Performance Liquid Chromatography And Capillary Electrophoresis, C.-C. Lin, M.-H. Huang, S.-J. Sheu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Puerariae Radix is a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine derived from the dried root of the legume plant, which contains a series of isoflavones as its chief pharmacologically active constituents. Using 7 pueraria constituents as marker substances, a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC and a capillary electrophoresis (CE) method were developed to assay the quality of Puerariae Radix within 65 and 50 min, respectively. Extracted samples were analyzed with a Cosmosil 5C18-MS column and eluted with a mixture of potassium dihydrogenphosphate (30 mM, adjusted to pH 3.0 with phosphoric acid) and aqueous acetonitrile solution, or an uncoated capillary (75 μm …

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Trace Heavy Metal Levels In Microwave Digested Honey Samples From Middle Anatolia, Turkey, M. Tuzen, M. Soylak Jul 2020

Trace Heavy Metal Levels In Microwave Digested Honey Samples From Middle Anatolia, Turkey, M. Tuzen, M. Soylak

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The concentrations of trace heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn) in 15 different honey samples collected from 15 different farms in Middle Anatolia, Turkey, were determined by flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after microwave digestion. The accuracy of the method was corrected by standard reference material (NIST-SRM 1515 Apple leaves). The contents of trace metals in honey samples were found to be in the range of 1.0∼5.2 μg/g, 0.25∼1.10 μg/g, 0.18∼1.21 μg/g, 1.1∼24.2 μg/g, 17.6∼32.1 μg/kg and 10.9∼21.2 μg/kg for Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Pb and Cd, respectively. Results obtained are in agreement with data …

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Determination Of Adenosine, Cordycepin And Ergosterol Contents In Cultivated Antrodia Camphorata By Hplc Method, C.-Y. Chang, M.-Y. Lue, T.-M. Pan Jul 2020

Determination Of Adenosine, Cordycepin And Ergosterol Contents In Cultivated Antrodia Camphorata By Hplc Method, C.-Y. Chang, M.-Y. Lue, T.-M. Pan

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The concentrations of adenosine and cordycepin, 3'-deoxyadenosine in the hot water extract and ergosterol in the ethanol extract of a cultivated Antrodia camphorata were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The procedure were carried out on a reversed-phase C18 column by linear gradient elution, using four eluents as mobile phase and by isocratic elution, using 100% methanol as mobile phase, respectively. The analysis was completed within 20 min. The application of this method for quantitation of adenosine and cordycepin in 5-L and 100-L fermentation from two A.camphorata strains BCRC 35396 and BCRC 35398 were described. Comparison of adenosine, …

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Identification Of Four Thunnus Tuna Species Using Mitochondrial Cytochrome B Gene Sequence And Pcr-Rflp Analysis, W.-F. Lin, C.-Y. Shiau, D.-F. Hwang Jul 2020

Identification Of Four Thunnus Tuna Species Using Mitochondrial Cytochrome B Gene Sequence And Pcr-Rflp Analysis, W.-F. Lin, C.-Y. Shiau, D.-F. Hwang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Sequence analysis and polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique were used to identify the species of Thunnus thynnus, T. alalunga, T. obesus and T. albacares. Genetic variation of 376 bp fragments in mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of 4 Thunnus species captured from northern Pacific Ocean, northern Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean was analyzed. The restriction enzymes and restriction fragment length pattern in each Thunnus species were obtained. It was found that the 376 bp fragment of cytochrome b gene in T. obesus showed the obvious divergence of 4.235% different from other 3 species. The highest interspecific …

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Determination Of Benazepril Hcl And Hydrochlorothiazide In Pharmaceutical Preparations Using Uv-Visible Spectrophotometry And Genetic Multivariate Calibration Method, D. Özdemir, E. Dinc Jul 2020

Determination Of Benazepril Hcl And Hydrochlorothiazide In Pharmaceutical Preparations Using Uv-Visible Spectrophotometry And Genetic Multivariate Calibration Method, D. Özdemir, E. Dinc

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Simultaneous determination of binary mixtures of benazepril and hydrochlorothiazide in pharmaceutical tablets using UV-visible spectrophotometry, classical least squares (CLS) and three genetic algorithms (GA) based multivariate calibration methods was demonstrated. The three genetic multivariate calibration methods are Genetic Classical Least Squares (GCLS), Genetic Inverse Least Squares (GILS) and Genetic Regression (GR). The sample data set contains the UV- spectra of 28 synthetic mixtures of benazepril (12∼36 μg/mL) and hydrochlorothiazide (10∼22 μg/mL) and 16 tablets containing both compounds. The spectra cover the range from 210 to 360 nm in 0.1 mn intervals. Several calibration models were built with the four methods. …

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Pesticide Residue Monitoring In Marketed Fresh Vegetables And Fruits In Central Taiwan (1999-2004) And An Introduction To The Haccp System, J.-M. Chang, T.-H. Chen, T.-J. Fang Jul 2020

Pesticide Residue Monitoring In Marketed Fresh Vegetables And Fruits In Central Taiwan (1999-2004) And An Introduction To The Haccp System, J.-M. Chang, T.-H. Chen, T.-J. Fang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The objectives of this study are: (1) to collect and analyze the data of pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits in central Taiwan; (2) to compare the statistics of pesticide residues data in vegetables and fruits in 4 regions of Taiwan; and (3) to introduce the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) system to industries and growers of vegetables and fruits for improving the safety of agricultural products. The 1999 samples of vegetables and fruits were collected from supermarkets and traditional markets by 6 local bureau of health in central Taiwan (1999-2004) and analyzed for the presence of 70∼79 pesticide …

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Separation Of Bifenthrin Enantiomers By Chiral Hplc And Determination Of Their Toxicity To Aquatic Organism, T.-L. Liu, Y.-S. Wang, J.-H. Yen Jul 2020

Separation Of Bifenthrin Enantiomers By Chiral Hplc And Determination Of Their Toxicity To Aquatic Organism, T.-L. Liu, Y.-S. Wang, J.-H. Yen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In this study, we separate enantiomers of bifenthrin, a pyrethroid insecticide, by using high performance liquid chromatography with a chiral stationary phase (CPS) column. Toxicity tests of bifenthrin enantiomers were performed with Daphnia (water flea, Daphnia pulex), tilapia fish (Tilapia spp.) and carp fish (Cyprinus carpio). Two enantiomers of bifenthrin were separated successfully by injecting 20 μL of bifenthrin 1000 mg/L standard solution into a Sumichiral OA-2500-I column. The mobile phase solvent system was composed of n-hexane, isopropanol, and ethanol in a ratio of 99.8/0.06/0.14, and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. Both enantiomers were eluted within 20 min. Two …

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Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetric Determination Of Fluoroquinolones In Pharmaceuticals, A.R. Solangi, M.Y. Khuhawar, M.I. Bhanger Jul 2020

Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetric Determination Of Fluoroquinolones In Pharmaceuticals, A.R. Solangi, M.Y. Khuhawar, M.I. Bhanger

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Sensitive cathodic stripping voltammetric methods have been developed for two fluoroquinolone antibacterial drugs, norfloxacin and enoxacin. Dimethylformamide (DMF) and 0.1 M hydrochloric acid were used as media for norfloxacin and enoxacin respectively. Potassium chloride was used as base electrolyte. A reduction wave was observed for norfloxacin within the range of -1.02 to -1.13 V and for enoxacin within -0.93 to -1.07 V. Linear calibration ranges for norfloxacin and enoxacin were observed within 20-100 μg/mL and 1-40 μg/mL with detection limits of 10 μg/mL and 50 ng/mL respectively. Relative standard deviations (RSD) for the analysis of 10 μg/mL norfloxacin and 10 …

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Inducible Expression Of Nos And Cox-2 In Evaluating The Effects Of Ruyi-Jinhuang Gao On Somatic Pain - Associated Inflammation, K.-L. Yu, Y.-C. Chou, C.-S. Liu, Y.-J. Chen, M.-H. Yen, C.-S. Tang, I.-J. Chen Jul 2020

Inducible Expression Of Nos And Cox-2 In Evaluating The Effects Of Ruyi-Jinhuang Gao On Somatic Pain - Associated Inflammation, K.-L. Yu, Y.-C. Chou, C.-S. Liu, Y.-J. Chen, M.-H. Yen, C.-S. Tang, I.-J. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Ruyi-Jinhuang Gao (RJG) is an ointment prepared from Ruyi-Jinhuang San (RJS), a traditional formula of powder-type Chinese medicine, usually used in anti-inflammatory analgesic care in China. The present study is aimed to detect the anti-inflammatory signaling of RJG exposed by an experimental model of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced pro-inflammatory expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (PGH synthase-2, COX-2). LPS-induced activation of iNOS and COX-2 has been recognized to increase cytokines and nitric oxide (NO), which play predominant roles in inflammation. In the culture of RAW264.7 cells, RJG concentration-dependently inhibited LPS-induced iNOS and COX-2 expression. However, the herbal …

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Study Of Hypocholesterolemic And Antiatherosclerotic Properties Of Medicago Sativa L. Cultivated In Egypt, A.E. Khaleel, M.Z. Gad, S.A. El-Maraghy, M.S. Hifnawy, E. Abdel-Sattar Jul 2020

Study Of Hypocholesterolemic And Antiatherosclerotic Properties Of Medicago Sativa L. Cultivated In Egypt, A.E. Khaleel, M.Z. Gad, S.A. El-Maraghy, M.S. Hifnawy, E. Abdel-Sattar

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Alfalfa was reported to be hypocholesterolemic and antiatherosclerotic. Saponin glycosides were suggested to be responsible for this activity by neutralizing cholesterol in the stomach, enabling it to be excreted from the body. This makes alfalfa superior to the current anti-cholesterol medications which act by blocking cholesterol synthesizing apparatus. This study was undertaken in an attempt to prepare an alfalfa extract with high saponin content and free or low content of other toxic constituents found in alfalfa (canavanine and coumestrol), which causes serious side effects. A patent process was used to render alfalfa toxin free and to produce a drug present …

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Rapid Measurement Of Retinol, Retinal, 13-Cis-Retinoic Acid And All-Trans-Retinoic Acid By High Performance Liquid Chromatography, V. Tatum, C.K. Chow Jul 2020

Rapid Measurement Of Retinol, Retinal, 13-Cis-Retinoic Acid And All-Trans-Retinoic Acid By High Performance Liquid Chromatography, V. Tatum, C.K. Chow

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

An isocratic liquid chromatographic method has been developed for rapid measurements of retinol, retinal, all-trans-retinoic acid and 13-cis-retinoic acid. Using 85% methanol and 15% 0.01 M sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.2, as the mobile phase and at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min, retinol, retinal, all-trans-retinoic acid and 13-cis-retinoic acid were eluted from a 5 μm C18 reversed-phase column (4.6 mm I.D., 15 cm) in less than 14 min. Retinyl acetate, when desired, was eluted in 25.5 min under the above conditions. Each compound was detected at the most sensitive wavelength by coupling fluorescence and UV detection.

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Bioavailability And Metabolic Pharmacokinetics Of Rutin And Quercetin In Rats, C.-Y. Yang, S.-L. Hsiu, K.-C. Wen, S.-P. Lin, S.-Y. Tsai, Y.-C. Hou, P.-D.L. Chao Jul 2020

Bioavailability And Metabolic Pharmacokinetics Of Rutin And Quercetin In Rats, C.-Y. Yang, S.-L. Hsiu, K.-C. Wen, S.-P. Lin, S.-Y. Tsai, Y.-C. Hou, P.-D.L. Chao

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Rutin and quercetin, a flavone glycoside and its aglycone, are the flavonoids most widely and abundantly present in herbs and plant The aim of this study was to characterize and compare the bioavailability and metabolic pharmacokinetics of rutin and quercetin in rats. Quercetin was administered intravenously (33 μmol/kg) and orally (165 μmol/kg), while rutin was administered only orally (328 μmol/kg) to rats. Blood samples were withdrawn via cardiopuncture at specific time points. An HPLC method was used to determine the concentrations of quercetin before and after hydrolysis using β-glucuronidase and sulfatase, respectively. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using noncompartment model …

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Identification Of Saposhinkoviae Radix In Concentrated Chinese Medicine Preparations By Nested Pcr And Dna Sequencing Methods, K.-T. Lu, C.-F. Lo, H.-C. Chang, J.-H. Lin Jul 2020

Identification Of Saposhinkoviae Radix In Concentrated Chinese Medicine Preparations By Nested Pcr And Dna Sequencing Methods, K.-T. Lu, C.-F. Lo, H.-C. Chang, J.-H. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Saposhinkoviae Radix, the dried root of Saposhinkovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk., is widely used in Chinese medicine preparations. This paper reports on the development of a nested polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR) and DNA sequencing method able to detect the presence of authentic Saposhikoviae Radix in Chinese medicine preparations. Forty concentrated preparation samples in 17 formulas containing a total of 54 kinds of raw materials were purchased. DNA samples were completely digested with a lysis buffer containing proteinase and sarcosyl, extracted with organic solutions and CTAB, and then purified using a commercial kit (QIAGEN GmbH, Germany) that contained silica membrane to …

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Dietary Flavonoids Suppress Adipogenesis In 3t3-L1 Preadipocytes, P.-J. Chien, Y.-C. Chen, S.-C. Lu, F. Sheu Jul 2020

Dietary Flavonoids Suppress Adipogenesis In 3t3-L1 Preadipocytes, P.-J. Chien, Y.-C. Chen, S.-C. Lu, F. Sheu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study examined how dietary flavonoids, including catechin, quercetin and kaempferol, affect the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Eight days following induction for differentiation with MDI-medium and simultaneously with the tested flavonoids (day 8), our study found significantly reduced (p < 0.05) intracellular triacylglycerol accumulations of 3T3-L1 cells. This compared positively against the smaller reduction in accumulation found in the vehicle control. This suppressing effect was found to be dose-dependent, and a 54.4%, 45.7% and 29.9% decrease of triacylglycerol production was observed for catechin, quercetin and kaempferol (25-100 μM), respectively. Additionally, RT-PCR assays demonstrated that catechin, quercetin and kaempferol markedly reduced the mRNA expressions of C/EBP-α, PPAR-γ and SREBP-1, which are key transcription-factors for 3T3-L1 adipogenesis. These results suggest that dietary flavonoids suppress 3T3-L1 differentiation by down-regulating adipogenic transcription-factors. Further study recommended to explore the potential health benefits of catechin, quercetin and kaempferol in the control of body weight.

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