Digital Commons Network^™

Adherence To Hiv Antiretroviral Therapy Among Pregnant And Postpartum Women During The Option B+ Era: 12-Month Cohort Study In Urban South Africa And Rural Uganda, Lynn T. Matthews, Catherine Orrell, Mwebesa B. Bwana, Alexander C. Tsai, Christina A. Psaros, Stephen Asiimwe, Gideon Amanyire, Nicholas Musinguzi, Kathleen Bell, David Bangsberg, Jessica E. Haberer

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction: We conducted a cohort study to understand patterns of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) adherence during pregnancy, postpartum and non-pregnancy follow-up among women initiating ART in public clinics offering Option B+ in rural Uganda and urban South Africa. Methods: We collected survey data, continuously monitored ART adherence (Wisepill), HIV-RNA and pregnancy tests at zero, six and twelve months from women initiating ART in Uganda and South Africa, 2015 to 2017. The primary predictor of interest was follow-up time categorized as pregnant (pregnancy diagnosis to pregnancy end), postpartum (pregnancy end to study exit) or non-pregnancy-related (neither pregnant nor postpartum). Fractional regression …

Covid-19 And Possible Links With Parkinson's Disease And Parkinsonism: From Bench To Bedside, David Sulzer, Angelo Antonini, Valentina Leta, Anna Nordvig, Richard Jay Smeyne, James E Goldman, Osama Al-Dalahmah, Luigi Zecca, Alessandro Sette, Luigi Bubacco, Olimpia Meucci, Elena Moro, Ashley S Harms, Yaqian Xu, Stanley Fahn, K Ray Chaudhuri

Department of Neuroscience Faculty Papers

This Viewpoint discusses insights from basic science and clinical perspectives on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)/severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the brain, with a particular focus on Parkinson's disease. Major points include that neuropathology studies have not answered the central issue of whether the virus enters central nervous system neurons, astrocytes or microglia, and the brain vascular cell types that express virus have not yet been identified. Currently, there is no clear evidence for human neuronal or astrocyte expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the major receptor for viral entry, but ACE2 expression may be activated by inflammation, and …

Transcript Decay Mediated By Rnase Iii In Borrelia Burgdorferi, Santina Snow, Emily Bacon, Bergeron Jennifer, David Katzman, Amelia Wilhelm, Owen Lewis, Deepsing Syangtan, Andrew Calkins, Linda Archambault, Melissa L. Anacker, Paula J. Schlax

All Faculty Scholarship

The causative agent of Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi, requires shifts in gene expression to undergo its natural enzootic cycle between tick and vertebrate hosts. mRNA decay mechanisms play significant roles in governing gene expression in other bacteria, but are not yet characterized in B. burgdorferi. RNase III is an important enzyme in processing ribosomal RNA, but it also plays a role in mRNA decay in many bacteria. We compared RNA decay profiles and steady-state abundances of transcripts in wild-type Borrelia burgdorferi strain B31 and in an RNase III null (rnc−) mutant. Transcripts encoding RNA polymerase subunits ( …

Past Environmental Changes And Management Suggestions For Lakes In The Yangtze River Economic Belt, Yang Xiangdong, Dong Xuhui, Chen Xu, Wang Rong, Wang Qian, Lin Qi, Xu Min

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Lakes in the Yangtze River Economic Belt are mainly distributed in the Hengduan Mountain area in Southwest China and the flood plain area of the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin in East China. The high spatial variability of natural environment and economic development have rendered the ecological and environmental problems of these lakes. Comprehensive improvement of the lake environment and their ecological states are important for regional development. In the absence of long-term monitoring data, past environmental changes based on lake sediments, also termed as paleolimnological studies, can provide historical information for the protection and restoration of these lakes. This study revealed …

Explicit Representation Of Protein Activity States Significantly Improves Causal Discovery Of Protein Phosphorylation Networks, Jinling Liu, Xiaojun Ma, Gregory F. Cooper, Xinghua Lu

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Background: Protein phosphorylation networks play an important role in cell signaling. In these networks, phosphorylation of a protein kinase usually leads to its activation, which in turn will phosphorylate its downstream target proteins. A phosphorylation network is essentially a causal network, which can be learned by causal inference algorithms. Prior efforts have applied such algorithms to data measuring protein phosphorylation levels, assuming that the phosphorylation levels represent protein activity states. However, the phosphorylation status of a kinase does not always reflect its activity state, because interventions such as inhibitors or mutations can directly affect its activity state without changing its …

Chemical Composition Of Panicum Maximum Planted With Different Manure Sources, O. M. Arigbede, Jimoh A. Olanite, Alaba O. Jolaosho, Olufemi S. Onifade, U. Y. Anele, A. O. Amole

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Soil Ph And Fe2+ Content On Growth And Physiology Of Alfalfa, Yuan An, Jianfeng Li, Jixiong Sun

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Study Of Physico‐Chemical Characteristics Of Soil‐Vegetation Relationships In Saliferous And Gypsiferous Soils Of Winter Rangelands In Eshtehard (Iran), A. Ahmadi, E. Moghiseh, M. Peyrowi, S. Mahmoodi

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Organic Fertilization Of Sorghum Seeds For Forage For Use By Monogastric And Ruminant Livestock, Elizabeth Cruz, J. Ly, R. Almaguel, V. Martínez, M. D. García

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Homeopathy: Scientific View And Islamic Review, Mohannad Jazzar, Aya Shnan, Areej Hroob, Thara'a Al-Rabaee, Dalia Abo Arqoop, Heba Abo Zneed, Heba Swatty

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

Homeopathy is a type of alternative medicine that is widely used nowadays for its ease of use, low coast, and because of complaints against allopathic or conventional medicine. Homeopathic remedies depend on using prepared substances from plants, animals, and minerals, it’s based on the belief that the body can cure itself, or “like cures like”. This research article presents a comprehensive evaluation using both scientific and religious evidences about the concept of homeopathy. This investigation concludes that homeopathic remedies even though treated many diseases are nothing but placebo in most of the cases. More investigation must be carried out about …

Impacts Of Different Water Harvesting Techniques On Barley Productivity Under Semi-Arid Conditions In Palestine, Ahmad Safi, Ayed Galeb

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

Water is the main limiting factor in rain-fed cropping systems under semi-arid environmental conditions, and because of the characteristics of rainfall in general, and low precipitation in particular, the productivity of plants is very low. This study was conducted at Al-Ubeidiya town in Bethlehem governorate to evaluate the effect of using water-harvesting techniques on the productivity of barley (Hordeum valgare L.) during two consecutive seasons. Three treatments were evaluated; namely: strip planting, ploughing-sowing-ploughing, and contour ridges, in addition to the control treatment (traditional planting method). Split-plot design was used to compare among treatments. The results showed the positive effects of …

The Effect Of Salinity On Leaf Relative Water Content And Chlorophyll Content Of Three Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Landraces From Palestine, Munqez Shtaya, Ahmad Yasin, Jawad Fatoom, Muntaser Jebreen

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

The effect of salt stress on some physiological traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was studied under growth chamber condition in a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications. Salinity treatments carried out in three levels (0.0, 50.0 and 100.0 mM) NaCl. Three wheat landraces (white heteyeh, black heteyeh and Norsi.) were studied. Relative leaf water content (RWC), chlorophyll content (SPDA), plant fresh weight and plant dry weight were measured at seedling stage. Salinity stress decreased relative water content (RWC), whereas chlorophyll content, fresh weight and dry weight were not affected. Based on the obtained results “Norsi” …

Synthesis And Biological Investigation Of Novel Adamantylated Heterocyclic Rings With Chalcone Based Structure, Kariman Titi, Sami Makharza, Feras Al-Battah, Tawfeq Kaimari

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

In this study, we have synthesized four different adamantylated heterocyclic compounds (pyrimidine, pyran (I), pyran (II), and pyridine) and characterized by using Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and Ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and melting point measurements were elucidated for chalcone, pyrimidine, pyran and pyridine. The synthesized compounds were investigated against human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7). The cells were treated in a dose-dependent manner (0, 4, 16, 32, 64, 128 and 256 µg/ml) for 24 hours as an incubation time using MTT viability assay 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazol)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide). Pyran (I) and pyran (II) are synthesized …

Analysis Of Mrp1 And Mrp3 Expression Profile In Liver And Spleen Of Hyperbilirubinemic Rodents, Mohammad Qaisiya, Cristina Bellarosa

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

Unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) is produced mostly in the spleen from the turnover of heme. UCB is conjugated by the activity of hepatic UGT1A1enzyme (UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1) and exported into the bile. High serum level of UCB is toxic to cells, and its intracellular accumulation is suggested to be limited by multidrug resistance proteins 1 and 3 (MRP1 and MRP3) that export UCB out of the cells to prevent its toxicity. In this study, the expression profile for MRP1 and MRP3 was analysed by qRT-PCR and Western blot in the liver and the spleen of two animal models of hyperbilirubinemia (β-thalassemic mouse …

The Secret Miracle Of Olive Oil, صبري الزغير, رغد الرجبي

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

Olive oil is a key component of the Mediterranean Diet (MD), being the main source of vegetable fat, especially monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). As Mediterranean unique food stuff, olive oil has become a legendary culinary oil with very difficult-to-match health benefits. Anyone coming from the Mediterranean region of the world would tell you about the health benefits, as well as the wonderful flavor, of a good dose of olive oil on salads, pasta, fish and almost anything else. Fortunately, it is available throughout the year to satisfy taste buds and promote good health. In the last decade, many epidemiological studies …

Rodent Models Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Zaki Tubesha

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

Diabetes is a disease characterized by a relative or absolute lack of insulin, leading to hyperglycemia. Due to the high prevalence of diabetic individuals all over the globe, extensive research is being carried out effective to develop more antidiabetic agents and to determine their mechanisms of action. Consequently, a number of diabetic animal models have been developed and improved over the years, of which rodent models are the most thoroughly described. The animal models of type 2 diabetes can be obtained either spontaneously (genetics) or induced by chemicals, dietary, surgical manipulations or by various combinations. In this review my attention …

Genetic Variation Of Abo And Rh(D) Blood Groups Polymorphism Among Marginalized People And Tribesmen In Sana'a Capital Of Yemen, Ashraf Al-Nahari

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

Genetic polymorphic characteristics like ABO and Rh blood groups are widely used genetic markers in human population genetics. This study was conducted to determine and compare the frequency of ABO and Rh(D) blood group antigens among Al-Muhamasheen and Yemeni Tribesmen. Frequencies of ABO blood groups and Rh(D) types along with the respective gene frequencies were estimated in two study groups. 818 individuals belonging to Muhammasheen and 838 individuals Tribesmen from Sana'a city participated in the study. Blood samples were collected by finger-prick method. Frequencies of ABO groups in AlMuhamasheen groups showed that the most common blood groups were found to …

The Extended Bch Model For Cure Rate Estimation Using Right Censored Data, Bader Aljawadi

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

In cancer clinical trials, a significant proportion of patients can be cured, that is, the symptoms of the disease are completely eliminated, so that it never recurs. In this article the focus is on the estimation of the proportion of patients who are cured. The non-parametric maximum likelihood estimation method is used for cure rate estimation considering the extended bounded cumulative hazard (BCH) model. We will consider the cure rate estimation using right censoring. The analysis shows the analytical solution of the estimating equations via the EM algorithm followed by a simulation study

Assessment Of Indoor Radon Levels In Some Dwellings Of Beit Fajjar City, Palestine, محمود ابوسمره, خليل الذباينه, M. M. Elayan

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

This study presents the indoor radon concentration levels measurements in 46 dwellings of Beit Fajjar city, West Bank, Palestine. The measurements were performed during the period of July16 to September 28, 2008, using CR-39 detectors. The indoor radon concentration levels were found to vary from 18.6 to 215.6 Bq/m3 with an average value of 78.6 Bq/m3. Most of the obtained data are below the action level of 150 Bq/m3. In 0.5% of the measurements, reported in one closed storages and badly ventilated rooms, the radon levels were found to be above 200 Bq/m3. The calculated annual effective doses were found …

Determination Of Natural Radioactivity Concentrations In Natural Water Resources Of Hebron Province, Palestine, خليل الذباينه, محمود ابوسمره, ليليا مشعل, K. M. Awawdeh

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

In this study, the radioactivity concentrations and the associated annual effective dose rates of natural radionuclides in 60 water samples collected randomly from natural water resources scattered most over parts of Hebron province, West Bank, Palestine have been measured using the well-known high resolution gamma ray spectroscopy.The obtained activity concentrations results were found to range from 1.62 to 9.11 Bq -1, 0.45 to 4.40 Bq -1, 0.44 to 2.06 Bq -1, and 1.57 to 15.60 Bq -1 for 226Ra, 232Th, 234Th, and 40K, respectively. The estimated mean effective doses for the ingestion of these waters by adults were as follows: …

Identification Of Qtl Involved In Resistance Of Barley Seedling To Scald (Rhynchosporium Secalis), منقذ اشتيه, Fernando Martínez

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

A population of 103 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of barley, that were developed from the cross L94x’Vada’ was evaluated at seedling stage for resistance against scald (Rhynchosporium secalis) in a sporeproof air-conditioned glasshouse. Two isolates of R. secalis were used: B9 and 13-13. Both isolates were collected in fields at SCRI (Scottish Crop Research Institute) near Dundee, Scotland, UK. Under glasshouse conditions, two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for partial resistance (PR) to scald were identified. One QTL (Rrsq1) was detected on chromosome 3 (3H) for latency period and lesion length only against B9 isolate, whereas the other QTL (Rrsq2, on …

استخدام البيولوجيا الجزيئية في عملية الانتقاء الرياضي, شويه بوجمعه, عمر رشدي

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

The study intended to determine the criteria of selection in sports and the factors that help assure a better selection ,in order to discover those excellent physical predispositions earlier according to certain biological criteria , thus time would be saved and efforts would be minimized in learning and training those of high level of performance . Once the learners were well identified in terms of selection in sports , these criteria were divided as follows: -Physical criteria -Physiological criteria -Psychological criteria -Biological criteria Along the different stages , it was noticed that each stage is typical in its characteristics and …

العلاج بالعطور : نظرة علمية ورؤية شرعية, مهند الجزار

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

The scientific outlook for the use of alternative medicine in treatment of diseases is in progress at both medical and public levels. This is due to the fact that this type of medicine is cheaper, easy to use and has little side effects compared to conventional medicine. As a branch of alternative medicine, aromatherapy is considered as the most developing one because of its positive physiological and psychological effects on human’s health and for its simple application in clinics, hospitals, houses, and work places. This study provides an accurate review about aromatherapy from scientific and Islamic point of view. The …

Effect Of Grazing On Soil Properties At Southern Part Of West Bank Rangeland, عايد غالب, صالح السيخ, يوسف عمرو

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

This study addressed the effect of excluding grazing on soil properties and soil moisture content after many years of severe overgrazing for two sites (Sorif and BaniNoem). The sites represent two different environmental conditions in the southern part of West Bank. Soil samples were taken from the grazed and ungrazed areas during 2004 and 2005 at 10 cm depth. Soil chemical and physical properties were investigated. The ung grazed pastures showed low bulk density (3 % and 12 %) in BaniNoem during 2004 and 2005, respectively. In addition, significantly higher O.M % in grazed area (2.89, 3.31) compared to ungrazed …

Effect Of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Micelles On Complex Formation Of -2nitroso-1-Naphthol With Iron (Ii) Ion In Aqueous Urea Solutions, هشام عليا

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

The effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles on the observed rate constant (kobs) for complex formation of 2-nitroso-1-naphthol (NAPH ) with iron (II) ion (Fe2+) in the presence of 0.02 M NaOH at 25oC was studied at different urea concentrations. Typical saturation behavior was observed at [NAPH] ≥ 0.001 M and [Fe2+] ≥ 0.015 M, which allows the electron transfer rate constant (ket m ) between NAPH and Fe2+ in the micellar pseudophase to be evaluated. The increase in urea concentrat tion from 0.0 to 4.0 M has three effects. It increases ket m from 0.072 to 0.239 s-1, …

Biological Control Of Rhizoctonia By Indigenous Trichoderma Spp. Isolates From Palestine, رضوان بركات, محمد المصري, فضل المحاريق, محمد اشتيه

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

The effect of indigenous Trichoderma isolates against the soil-borne phyetopathogen Rhizoctonia solani was investigated in dual cultre and bioassay on bean plants .Application of the bioagent isolates as a conidial suspension( g soil 3*10^7)greatly reduced the disease index of bean plants caused by R.solani in different rates and the most effective Trichoderma harzianum isolate (Jn14) reduced the disease by 65%. In dual culture ,the T. harzianum (Jn14) overgrew the pathogen R.solani in an average of 16.75 mm/day at 30C .in addition, the results showed that T. harzianum (Jn14) and T. harzianum (T36)were the most effective isolates at 25C and inhibited …

Morton, Lilith - Letters To, 1902-1914 (Mss 701), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Genealogical Records

Letters addressed to Lilith Morton of Mortons Gap in Hopkins County, Kentucky, 1902-1914. Click on "Additional File" below to see more information about Lilith Morton and the letters.

Noncognitive Characteristics And Family Income: The Impact Of Socioeconomic Status On Grit Levels And Mindset Types, Joshua A. Teeter

Dissertations

Noncognitive characteristics have been identified as essential predictors of academic success (Duckworth, 2016, 2019; Farrington et al., 2012). Grit and growth mindset are two noncognitive characteristics that predict academic success; therefore, this study was conducted to determine if there is a difference in grit level and mindset types among students from different socioeconomic backgrounds (Duckworth, 2019; Dweck, 2010b). Researchers and educators have focused heavily on identifying and implementing interventions to improve students’ cognitive factors, yet little attention has been given to finding ways to improve students’ noncognitive traits (Cooper, Krieg, & Brownell, 2018). High school students from a school district …

Commonwealth Times 2020-08-19

Commonwealth Times, 1969-

No abstract provided.

Impact And Mortality Of Covid-19 On People Living With Dementia: Cross-Country Report, Aida Suárez-González, Gill Livingston, Lee Fay Low, Suzanne Cahill, Niamh Hennelly, Walter D. Dawson, Wendy Weidner, Martina Bocchetta, Cleusa P. Ferri, Jordi A. Matias-Guiu, Multiple Additional Authors

Institute on Aging Publications

This report brings together international evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people living with dementia and an overview of international policy and practice measures to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 among people living with dementia.

Key Findings

• We have collected data on impact and mortality of COVID-19 in people living with dementia in 9 countries: The United Kingdom (UK), Spain, Ireland, Italy, Australia, the United States (US), India, Kenya and Brazil.
• The share of people whose deaths were linked to COVID-19 in care homes who had dementia ranges from 29% to 75% across those countries. Within countries, …