Digital Commons Network^™

Rural Malawian Women’S Resistance To Systematic Oppression, Violence, And Abuse By Their Husbands, Lucy Mkandawire-Valhmu, Wendy S. Bauer, Patricia E. Stevens, Loren W. Galvao, Katarina M. Grande, April Yerges, Lindsay Emer, Thokozani Mwenyekonde, Lance Weinhardt

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

In Malawi, 41% of women aged 15 to 49 report ever experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV). Although there is evidence of the pervasiveness of IPV in Malawian society, the context in which it occurs and how women respond is not well described. The purpose of this study was to describe experiences of IPV of rural Malawian women. In-depth interviews were conducted with 55 rural Malawian women aged 21 to 75 years (M = 39) as part of a larger, mixed-methods study. This qualitative thematic analysis highlights husbands’ IPV against wives and women’s actions to protect themselves and their children, …

A Review Of Minority Stress As A Risk Factor For Cognitive Decline In Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, And Transgender (Lgbt) Elders, Anthony N. Correro, Kristy A. Nielson

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) older adults comprise a unique and growing subset of the aging population. The historical context in which they came of age was imbued with victimization and discrimination. These experiences are subjectively stressful and collectively known as minority stress. Older LGBT adults continue to face stressors related to their gender and sexual identities in their daily lives. Importantly, chronic minority stress (CMS), like other forms of chronic stress, is harmful to health and well-being. CMS contributes to LGBT health disparities, including cardiovascular disease and depression, conditions that in turn increase risk for premature cognitive decline. …

Do Instructions Intended To Reduce False Positives Improve The Measurement Of Physical Partner Violence Victimization Among Adolescents And Young Adults?, Kelli Sargent, Kristen Yule, Kate Bridges, Ernest N. Jouriles, John H. Grych

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: We examine how instructions to exclude behaviors occurring in playful or joking contexts influence the measurement of physical partner violence victimization. Specifically, we demonstrate how such instructions influence the prevalence and validity of self-reported victimization. Method: Study 1 used a Think Aloud procedure to evaluate thoughts of college students (n = 451) reporting victimization experiences that occurred during high school. Participants were randomized to report on physical partner violence victimization with or without instructions to exclude playful acts. Study 2 experimentally evaluated whether the instructions affect the criterion validity of victimization scores with measures of depressive symptoms and emotion …

Catastrophe Models For Cognitive Workload And Fatigue: Project Log 2012-2020, Stephen J. Guastello

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Many real-world tasks require people to forecast chaotic events in order to take adaptive action. This ability is considered rare, and less understood than other cognitive processes. The present study examined how the performance dynamics in a chaotic forecasting task would be affected by stressors such as cognitive workload and fatigue using two cusp catastrophe models. Participants were 147 undergraduates who were shown graphs and brief chaotic number series for which they needed to forecast the next four values. Performance data were complemented by variables known to represent cognitive elasticity versus rigidity, compensatory abilities for fatigue, and NASA TLX ratings …

College Students’ Feelings Of Campus Connectedness, Party Safety Behavior And Intervening To Prevent Sexual Assault And Intimate Partner Violence, Ernest N. Jouriles, Alison Krauss, Kelli Sargent, John H. Grych, Michele Cascardi, K. Daniel O'Leary, Christina Murphy, Jamie Nguyen, Renee Mcdonald, David Rosenfield

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: This research examines associations between college students’ feelings of campus connectedness and two types of prosocial bystander intervention behavior to prevent sexual assault: party safety behavior and intervening in high-risk situations. Method: Short-term longitudinal associations between college students’ feelings of campus connectedness and bystander intervention behavior were examined in three studies. Study 1 (n = 213) examined these associations over a 1-month period. Study 2 (n = 557) was designed to replicate findings from Study 1 in a larger, more diverse sample. Study 3 (n = 730) was designed to replicate and extend findings with party …

The Protective Roles Of Latinx Intercultural Competence And Acculturation On Acculturative Stress And Depression: A Brief Longitudinal Study, Mark W. Driscoll, Lucas Torres

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

This study examined the ability of cognitive schemas of culturally based skills, or Latinx intercultural competence (LIC), and acculturation to influence later acculturative stress and depression symptom severity. Latinx adults (final n 98), recruited from national e-mail listings and organizations with a predominant Latinx cultural base, completed online self-report measures of Latinx and Anglo acculturation, acculturative stress, LIC, and depression symptom severity at baseline (T1) and 6-month follow-up (T2). Path analysis indicated that T1 LIC was significantly related to greater T1 Latinx and T1 Anglo acculturation, and that T1 LIC was significantly, indirectly related to lower T2 acculturative stress through …

Depression And Perceived Stress As Mediators Between Racial Microaggressions And Somatic Symptoms In College Students Of Color, Susan Torres-Harding, Lucas Torres, Elaine Yeo

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

The current study examined the ability of mental health indicators, namely depression and perceived stress, to mediate the relationship between racial microaggressions and health among a racially/ethnically diverse sample of 467 college students of color. Consistent with what was hypothesized, the main findings revealed that depression and perceived stress mediated the relationships between types of racial microaggressions, specifically low-achieving, invisibility, and criminality, and somatic symptoms. The study results suggest that there may be multiple pathways by which specific racial microaggressions might be associated with psychological and somatic health indicators.

Pregnancy And Lactation In A 67-Year-Old Elderly Gravida Following Donor Oocyte, Leila Magistrado, Mary C Tolcher, Anju Suhag, Sonal Zambare, Kjersti M Aagaard

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

There is limited data on the anticipated perinatal course among gravidae in their sixth and seventh decades. Our objective was to describe the relatively uncomplicated prenatal, intrapartum, and postpartum course of a 67-year-old essential primigravida. Briefly, our patient conceived a singleton pregnancy via IVF with donor oocytes, then presented at 13 6/7 weeks of gestation to initiate prenatal care. Her medical history was significant for chronic hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity. Her cardiac function was monitored throughout pregnancy, and she delivered at 36 1/7 weeks by cesarean for a decline in left ventricular function with mitral regurgitation. Her intrapartum and postpartum …

Purposeful Investment In Others: The Power Of A Character Of Service, Kayla M. Logan

Industrial-Organizational Psychology Dissertations

Organizations that are intentional about investing in their employees’ development tend to experience an increased positive relationship between leaders and employees, which can help in preventing employee burnout, increase employee satisfaction, support employee learning, increase retention, and overall productivity (Baruch-Feldman, Brondolo, Ben-Dayan, & Schwartz, 2002; Luthans, 2002; Macik-frey, Quick, & Cooper, 2009, Luthans & Avolio, 2003). However, due to cost, time, and scheduling, organizations are often required to make difficult decisions regarding who receives these critical investments (Crane & Hartwell, 2018; Grove & Furnham, 2016, Sherman & Freas, 2004). Some research supports using leaders to invest in employee development (Bucic, …

Aromatase Inhibitors Plus Weight Loss Improves The Hormonal Profile Of Obese Hypogonadal Men Without Causing Major Side Effects, Georgia Colleluori, Rui Chen, Christie G Turin, Francesca Vigevano, Clifford Qualls, Biju Johnson, Sanjay Mediwala, Dennis T Villareal, Reina Armamento-Villareal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: In obese men, the increased expression of the aromatase enzyme in adipose tissue leads to high conversion of androgens to estrogens contributing to hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HHG). Our objective is to evaluate efficacy and safety of weight loss (WL) plus aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy in severely obese men with HHG. We hypothesize that AI+WL will be more effective as compared to WL alone in improving the hormonal profile, thus muscle strength and symptoms of HHG (primary outcomes), with no significant adverse effects on lean mass, metabolic profile, and bone mineral density (secondary outcomes).

Design: Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled pilot trial.

Methods: …

Effectiveness Of A 24/7 Dad® Curriculum In Improving Father Involvement: Profiles Of Engagement, Roneé E Wilson, Renice Obure, Precious Omokaro, Hamisu M Salihu, Estrellita Lo Berry, Deborah A Austin, Jennifer G Christner

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND OR OBJECTIVES: Father involvement is a key component in maintaining healthy families and communities. This study presents quantitative results of the first five years of a comprehensive fatherhood training program offered by REACHUP, Inc. in Florida, United States.

METHODS: The program utilized the 24/7 Dad ® curriculum for the fatherhood training program. Key program outcome was differences in pre and post-test scores on self-awareness, fathering skills, parenting skills, relationship skills, and self-care. Demographic and pretest-posttest data collected between 2013 and 2017 were analyzed using chi-square test for categorical variables, McNemar's test for differences in proportions pre- and post-intervention, paired …

Impoverished Ip, Stephanie Plamondon

Faculty Scholarship

Intellectual Property (IP) scholarship is generally concerned with how innovation policy impacts social welfare by providing appropriate incentives for innovation. But lately, the question of who participates in IP creation — with an eye to distributive justice as well as social welfare more broadly — has been getting more attention. Most scholars writing in this vein acknowledge IP’s shortcomings in achieving proportionate participation and representation across socioeconomic, race, and gender lines. But many argue that in spite of these flaws, IP regimes can advance distributive justice by giving the poor and other members of disadvantaged groups opportunities to accumulate wealth …

Big Brother, Othello, And Dogs That Don't Bark: The Use Of Literary Allusion In Federal Appellate Opinions, Kristin B. Gerdy

Faculty Scholarship

Unlike a fish, in the words of Justice Elena Kagan, a literary5 allusion is not “a discrete thing that possesses physical form”6 distinguishable from other expressive devices. Instead, literary allusions can take many forms, be used for many purposes, and have various effects on the reading audience. If the most basic form of a fish is the common goldfish in a bowl, then the most basic judicial literary allusion is a reference to a well-known story in a judicial opinion that is used to make a comparison in a reader’s mind. But just as there are many types of fish …

World Peace And Gender Equality: Addressing Un Security Council Resolution 1325’S Weaknesses, Eric Talbot Jensen, Elizabeth Griffiths, Sara Jarman

Faculty Scholarship

The year 2020 marks the twentieth anniversary of the passage of United Nations Security Council Resolution (“UNSCR”) 1325, the most important moment in the United Nations’ efforts to achieve world peace through gender equality. Over the past several decades, the international community has strengthened its focus on gender, including the relationship between gender and international peace and security. National governments and the United Nations have taken historic steps to elevate the role of women in governance and peacebuilding. The passage of UNSCR 1325 in 2000 foreshadowed what many hoped would be a transformational shift in international law and politics.

However, …

Stress In Academic And Athletic Performance In Collegiate Athletes: A Narrative Review Of Sources And Monitoring Strategies, Marcel Lopes Dos Santos, Melissa Uftring, Cody Stahl, Robert G. Lockie, Brent Alvar, J. Bryan Mann, J. Jay Dawes

Faculty Publications - Kinesiology and Recreation

College students are required to manage a variety of stressors related to academic, social, and financial commitments. In addition to the burdens facing most college students, collegiate athletes must devote a substantial amount of time to improving their sporting abilities. The strength and conditioning professional sees the athlete on nearly a daily basis and is able to recognize the changes in performance and behavior an athlete may exhibit as a result of these stressors. As such, the strength and conditioning professional may serve an integral role in the monitoring of these stressors and may be able to alter training programs …

Contextualizing Performance Of Coordinated Care Network Of Veteran Services In Virginia, Marina Saitgalina, Donta Council

School of Public Service Faculty Publications

Coordinated care network is an approach to human service delivery that is recognized to improve client outcomes at a reduced cost. However, general mixed findings on the effectiveness of coordinated care networks warrant research contextualization. This article seeks to discover factors influencing the performance of a coordinated care network delivering social services to veterans and their families. The study provides a contextual analysis of a coordinated care network launched in 2016 in southeastern Virginia for two samples of 1,512 and 375 veterans and their families. Results of the regression analyses indicate that initial progress has been made both in efficiency …

Searching For I-O Psychology: How Practitioners, Academics, And Laypeople Engage With The I-O Brand Online, Bo Armstrong, Gordon B. Schmidt, Sayeedul Islam, William P. Jimenez, Eric Knudsen

Psychology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Successfully Aging At Work Or Successfully Working While Aging? The Importance Of Older Workers' Psychological Well-Being, William P. Jimenez

Psychology Faculty Publications

Frank, 62, has been working at the same company for the past 32 years. His strong work ethic, subject-matter expertise, and continued excellent performance have saved him from several waves of layoffs and restructuring. Over the years Frank has become cynical. Gradually, many of Frank’s close colleagues were let go, and he has had difficulty connecting with newer employees. Although he is not particularly happy at his job, Frank is determined to continue working for his employer until at least 66, which is when he can start collecting Social Security benefits without penalty.

Visual Estimates Of Blood Loss By Medical Laypeople: Effects Of Blood Loss Volume, Victim Gender, And Perspective, Rachel Phillips, Marc Friberg, Mattias Lantz Cronqvist, Carl-Oscar Jonson, Erik Prytz

Psychology Faculty Publications

A severe hemorrhage can result in death within minutes, before professional first responders have time to arrive. Thus, intervention by bystanders, who may lack medical training, may be necessary to save a victim's life in situations with bleeding injuries. Proper intervention requires that bystanders accurately assess the severity of the injury and respond appropriately. As many bystanders lack tools and training, they are limited in terms of the information they can use in their evaluative process. In hemorrhage situations, visible blood loss may serve as a dominant cue to action. Therefore, understanding how medically untrained bystanders (i.e., laypeople) perceive hemorrhage …

The Rise, Fall, And Repair Of Trust For Automated Driving Systems, Scott Mishler, Jing Chen

Psychology Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to investigate how human driver's trust in the automated driving system is built over time and affected by automation failure. The study expanded trust development over time by measuring trust after a practice demonstration ofthe system capabilities and after each of seven unique, sequential drives. The automation performed perfectly on six of the seven drives but made one of three different responses to a critical hazard event in the fourth drive. Depending on the error-type condition, the automation either perfectly avoided the hazard (no error), issued a takeover request (TOR), or failed to notice …

An Ecological Momentary Assessment Of Self-Improved And Self-Evaluation Body Comparisons: Associations With College Women's Body Dissatisfaction And Exercise, Rachel I. Macintyre, Kristin E. Heron, Abby L. Braitman, Danielle Arigo

Psychology Faculty Publications

Upward body comparisons are prevalent among college women and associated with body dissatisfaction and disordered eating. However, less is known about distinguishing features of the comparisons themselves as they occur in daily life. The primary purpose of the present study was to examine whether two types of upward body comparisons previously studied experimentally (self-improvement and self-evaluation) are differentially associated with body- and exercise-related outcomes in real-life settings using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Undergraduate women (N = 74) between 18-25 years (Mage = 20.4, SD = 1.63) completed five surveys on smartphones daily for seven days. EMA measures …

Somatic Symptoms And Binge Eating In Women's Daily Lives, Kelly A. Romano, Kristin E. Heron, Kathryn E. Smith, Ross D. Crosby, Scott G. Engel, Stephen A. Wonderlich, Raina D. Pang, Tyler B. Mason

Psychology Faculty Publications

Objective

The present study aimed to determine whether the momentary severity of women's somatic symptoms was concurrently and prospectively associated with their engagement in binge eating in naturalistic settings.

Method

Thirty women (M_age = 34.13, SD = 13.92) who had engaged in binge eating at least once over the month prior to study entry completed a 14-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) protocol. During each of the 14 days, participants received five semi-random surveys via text message that assessed momentary somatic symptom severity (i.e., headaches, stomachaches/pain, chest/heart pain, faintness/dizziness, shortness of breath, fatigue) and disordered eating behaviors. Generalized estimating equations …

Oral Health: Supporting Adults Who Require Assistance, Registered Nurses' Association Of Ontario

General Submissions: Community and Population-based Materials

The purpose of this best practice guideline (BPG) is to provide nurses, the interprofessional team and caregivers with evidence-based recommendations for the provision of oral care for adults (18 years of age and older) that will:

• promote an interprofessional approach to providing oral care,
• enhance the delivery of oral care interventions
• ultimately lead to positive oral health outcomes for persons.

This BPG focuses on providing oral care across health settings to adults (18 years and older) who require assistance with oral care in a continuum that ranges from the set-up of oral care supplies to full physical assistance with oral …

Motor Skill Performance And Physical Activity In Children With Features Of Autism Spectrum Disorder, Morgan K. Wright

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Fifty to 100% of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit motor skills deficits. In addition to motor skill deficits, children with ASD have been reported to engage in less physical activity than their neurotypical peers. Motor skill deficits and limited physical activity may impact functioning in other domains, including physical fitness and adaptive skills. The present study examined the relationship between motor skills, physical activity, physical fitness, and adaptive skills in children with a range of ASD features. A sample of 41 children ages 7-12 years participated in the study. Participants and their parents completed assessments of motor skills, …

Support For Screening And Intervening On Adolescent Depression: Provider-Reported Training Outcomes, Leah Rose Lalonde

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Given the potential consequences of untreated adolescent depression and the prevalence of untreated mental health among adolescents, the American Academy of Pediatrics has strongly recommended active support and monitoring of depressive symptoms in pediatric primary care. Primary care providers (PCPs), however, do not have sufficient training to provide this level of care, contributing to low rates of identification and management of depression. The purpose of the current pilot study was to evaluate a training aimed at supporting providers in the management of adolescent depression. Results demonstrated that providers were accepting of the training and that provider knowledge of depression management …

Investigation Of Emotional Intelligence And Computer Self-Efficacy On The Cybersecurity Interest Of High School Students, William Earl Hilliker Jr.

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

There is a lack of interest in young students in pursuing a career in cybersecurity. Defining potential traits that could identify an interested student could help fill the national shortage of cybersecurity professionals. This study examines the relationship between computer self-efficacy, emotional intelligence, and an interest in a cybersecurity career of high school students in Southeast Michigan. It also attempts to determine if a student’s participation in STEM events and the location of the student’s school are significant moderating factors. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on a sample of 280 students in Grades 9 through 12 who attended school at …

A Framework To Assess The Rehabilitation Of Historic Cave Dwellings In Libya Using Modernization Theory And Technology Acceptance Model, Salaheddin Mohammed Ali Ebrahim

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation examines the associations between the technology acceptance model and modernization theory with Libyans’ perceptions of cave dwellings in the Nafusa Mountains region, West of Tripoli. The researcher formally tested hypotheses linking cave dwelling's ease of use, usefulness, and the perceived intention to live in a modernized cave dwelling with the education, income, age, gender, and employment categories of Libyan participants in the study. A framework for constructing modernized cave dwellings that are attractive to local residents for temporary and permanent living is then provided.

Using 450 responses from Libyans worldwide, this study found that the technology acceptance model …

The Monument Of Memories As A Place/Space Of Multifarious Rhetorical Action, Meagan K. Winkleseth

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The number of people living with some form of dementia globally is growing. The absence of a cure, combined with this rapidly increasing presence of dementia, has directed attention away from fostering an understanding of the disease as it is socially experienced and toward the intricacies of determining its neurological properties. This study analyzes the Alzheimer Society of Windsor and Essex County’s Monument of Memories as a cultural form with the potential to (re)frame how the experience of dementia is socially conceptualized in Windsor, Ontario, and beyond. Specifically, I employ theoretical and methodological insights from participatory critical rhetoric, postmodern architectural …

A Study Of Sense Of Belonging And Its Relationship With Engagement, Persistence, And Intersectionality In Higher Education, Christine Lancaster

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

A majority of institutions of Higher Education are seeking ways to provide environments that support student persistence in light of the overwhelming evidence of the impact of postsecondary degree attainment and life opportunities for individuals and communities. This study examines the relationships between student engagement, sense of belonging, identity, intersectionality, and student success indicators. For purposes of this study, 561 undergraduate students at a public regional institution provided demographic information, access to student success indicators, and completed a 47- question survey on student engagement and sense of belonging. Factor analysis determined five distinct dimensions of sense of belonging. Structure equation …

Uniting Maternity Care With Neonatal Intensive Care: Analysis Advancing Hospital Experiences For Families Of Newborns Through Design, Stephanie Legg

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The landscape of childbirth has changed immensely over the last century. Medical intervention has surpassed the needs of mother and infant to be together when either requires medical attention. By bringing medical equipment for both into a single hospital room, separation between the two will be decreased. For this study, mothers of infants admitted to neonatal intensive care were questioned with a mix-methods survey to discover what challenges they faced in order to amend the built environment to increase their satisfaction with their hospital and post-birth experience. Mothers showed less ability to interact with their infants when medical needs were …