Digital Commons Network^™

The Obama Paradox: Policy Success, Political Failure, Laura Chiu

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The presidency of Barack Obama presents us with a paradox, in that it was both a policy success and a political failure, two states that seemingly contradict with one another. His presidency is considered a policy success due to its ability to successfully pass many key pieces of legislation, despite several challenges. On the other hand, Obama's presidency is also considered a political failure primarily due to the election of Donald J. Trump, someone who is not an ally to the Obama administration and has worked to undo Obama's accomplishments as president in nearly every area. Today, Obama's legacy as …

Exploring Sedentary Time Of Rural Children During Structured Versus Less-Structured Days, Serina Rayan

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The purpose of this study is to examine rural children's sedentary time during school days vs non-school days Currently, childhood obesity research has focused predominantly on urban-dwelling children. However, existing literature indicates that rural children have higher rates of obesity than their urban counterparts. There is a current lack of evidence investigating the obesogenic behaviors of rural children, such as physical activity levels, sleep duration, sedentary behaviors and diet. With this project, I aim to observe sedentary time (time spent sitting, screen time etc.) as research has shown that independent of physical activity, sedentary time is associated with weight gain. …

The Relationship Between Student Self-Efficacy And Close Reading In A Ninth Grade Ela Classroom, Karishma Assudani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

This qualitative exploratory study aims to investigate the relationship between student self-efficacy and close reading strategies implemented in the researcher's classroom. The purpose of this qualitative study is to determine whether close reading strategies are informing 9th self-grader's efficacy in a 9th grade ELA (English Language Arts) classroom, and to determine the relationship between close reading and student self-efficacy in a classroom with CRM's (curriculum resource materials). Students' self-efficacy levels were determined on Robert Stavin's exploratory research; an altered exploratory survey was provided to determine results. This thesis explores the following research questions (RQ): (RQ1) How do students' responses of …

The Transition Through Higher Education: An Exploration Of Challenges, Barriers, And Support Services For Student-Athletes, Lucas Noboa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

During the recent decades, the importance of intercollegiate athletics has proliferated amongst institutions of higher education. As such, the transition through higher education for student-athletes has increasingly included experiences with challenges and barriers, which influence their success. To address difficulties, institutions and athletics departments have implemented support services and resources to assist student-athletes throughout their transition. Additionally, the National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) has conducted several studies, which examined the experiences and well-being of current student-athletes. Through the Growth, Opportunities, Aspirations and Learning of Students in college (GOALS) survey, detailed information has been provided to member institutions, which has influenced …

The Economics Of On-Farm Rice Drying In Arkansas, Clayton J. Parker, Lanier Nalley

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Globally, rice producers are faced with the temporal problem of deciding the optimal time to harvest rice. When harvested, paddy rice is typically at a harvest moisture content (HMC) between 15% and 22% and subsequently dried by the mill to a moisture content (MC) of 12.5%. Riceland Foods Inc., the largest miller of rice in the world, uses a stair-step pricing model to charge farmers to dry, which can complicate the timing of harvest as producers try to balance the tradeoff of minimizing drying costs by waiting to harvest at lower HMC vs. maintaining higher rice quality typically observed when …

Health Behaviors And Pandemics, Jay E. Maddock, Anna E. Greer

Public Health Faculty Publications

Human health behaviors are essential to reducing the spread and impact of pandemics. However, most behavioral scientists do not work in the area of pandemics given the infrequency of their occurrences. This editorial examines relevant health behavior theories, in particular the precaution adoption process model, and how these apply to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Biofiltration Ability Of Asparagus Densiflorus To Remove Sulfur Dioxide From The Indoor Atmosphere, Rhiannon De La Rosa, Mary Savin

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Sulfur dioxide is an inorganic compound (IC) and air pollutant that causes health risks in humans. The buildup of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in enclosed indoor spaces is, therefore, a concern to human health, especially since the average person spends 90% of his/her time indoors. This study focused on decreasing SO2 concentration in a cost-effective and simple way—by using botanical biofiltration, or the uptake of pollutants by plants. Research in biofiltration has focused mostly on the remediation of volatile organic compounds (VOC). However, research has also shown that plant species that remediate VOC efficiently also have the potential for efficient IC …

Fat In The Academy: Reimagining The Experience Of The Fat Academic, Danielle Marie Lavendier

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation gives teachers with stigmatized bodies space to enter into a conversation that is often had without them by media and medical providers. Fat bodies are maligned in contemporary American society and, for a number of reasons, including American ideas about independence and self-control, European-based standards of beauty, media representation, and more, fat people (especially women) are seen as pathological, out-of-control and as draining to the greater society. Within academia, there are pressures for fat folks, as well. This qualitative interview-based study focuses on self-identified fat, female professors and graduate students in Composition and Rhetoric. These women are high …

Behavioral And Genetic Mechanisms Of Social Evolution: Insights From Incipiently And Facultatively Social Bees, Wyatt Abram Shell

Doctoral Dissertations

Bees are highly charismatic and ecologically valuable organisms, and most popularly represented by the honey bee. Honey bees are well known in no small part because they are eusocial: a single reproductive queen continually lays eggs, and is supported by overlapping generations of thousands of non-reproductive workers, all performing specialized tasks to feed and protect the colony. Despite the ecological edge it seems to confer, eusociality has emerged in relatively few bee lineages; most have instead either remained solitary (the ancestral state for all bees) or demonstrate any of a range of less derived forms of social organization. Researchers have …

Effects Of Rumen-Protected Amino Acids And Levels And Sources Of Energy On Milk Production And Nutrient Utilization In Dairy Cattle Fed Metabolizable Protein-Deficient Diets, Yu Zang

Doctoral Dissertations

Lactating dairy cows are characterized by poor N efficiency and dietary N not captured in milk protein is excreted in urine and feces, which then contribute to environmental N pollution. Nitrogen losses also shrink profit margins for dairy producers due to costly protein sources. Additionally, the dairy industry is an important anthropogenic source of greenhouse gases such as CO2 and CH4, with CH4 representing a potent greenhouse gas and non-negligible energy losses in dairy cattle. Thus, my PhD program has focused on developing nutrition-based approaches to improve milk production efficiency (e.g., milk yield/dry matter intake) and reduce N excretion and …

Molecular Epidemiology Of Hookworm Infection In The Ashanti Region, Ghana., Emma Allen

Public Health Theses

INTRODUCTION: Parasitic helminth infections have persisted in resource-limited settings around the world, leading to greater numbers of people experiencing sequelae including malnutrition, anemia, and impaired growth and cognitive function among children. Despite periodic deworming efforts, a high burden of disease remains in sub-Saharan Africa. Establishing baseline prevalence of these infections can inform local and national deworming campaign objectives as well as tailor additional interventions accordingly. Here we describe our efforts to determine baseline prevalence and analyze potential risk factors for infection in Ashanti Region, Ghana.

OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this study was to characterize the molecular epidemiology of hookworm …

Racial/Ethnic And Sociodemographic Disparities In Lipid Screening And Risk Factor Awareness Among Pregnant Women Receiving Prenatal Care, Reed Mszar

Public Health Theses

BACKGROUND: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality with younger women being disproportionately affected by traditional risk factors including dyslipidemia. Despite recommendations for lipid screening in early adulthood, many younger women currently do not undergo screening. Prenatal and early pregnancy care represent underutilized opportunities for lipid screening and ASCVD risk assessment. We aimed to assess the prevalence and variations in pregnant women reporting a prior lipid screening and an awareness of high cholesterol as a risk factor for ASCVD.

METHODS: We administered a survey to 234 pregnant women receiving prenatal care at one of the …

Association Of Patient-Centered Medical Home Designation And Quality Indicators Within Hrsa-Funded Community Health Center Delivery Sites, Nathaniel Bell, Rebecca Wilkerson, Kathy Mayfield-Smith, Ana Lopez-De Fede

Publications

Background: Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) adoption is an important strategy to help improve primary care quality within Health Resources and Service Administration (HRSA) community health centers (CHC), but evidence of its effect thus far remains mixed. A limitation of previous evaluations has been the inability to account for the proportion of CHC delivery sites that are designated medical homes. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study using HRSA Uniform Data System (UDS) and certification files from the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) and the Joint Commission (JC). Datasets were linked through geocoding and an approximate string-matching algorithm. Predicted probability scores were regressed …

Comparative Studies On The Polymorphism And Copy Number Variation Of Mtssu Rdna In Ciliates (Protista, Ciliophora): Implications For Phylogenetic, Environmental, And Ecological Research, Yurui Wang, Yaohan Jiang, Yongqiang Liu, Yuan Li, Laura A. Katz, Feng Gao, Ying Yan

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Ntr 2100 : Personal Nutrition, Nutrition & Dietetics

Approved Course Proposals

No abstract provided.

Bio 3035 : Economic Botany, Biological Sciences

Approved Course Proposals

No abstract provided.

Nur 2612 : Pathophysiologic Concepts I, Nursing

Approved Course Proposals

No abstract provided.

Continuous Venovenous Hemodiafiltration In The Treatment Of Newborns With An Inborn Metabolic Disease: A Single Center Experience, Hasan Akduman, Emel Okulu, Fatma Tuba Emi̇noğlu, Tanil Kendi̇rli̇, Gaffari̇ Tunç, Ebru Azapağasi, Oktay Perk, Ömer Erdeve, Begum Atasay, Saadet Arsan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Most inborn metabolic diseases are diagnosed during the neonatal period. The accumulation of toxic metabolites may cause acute metabolic crisis with long-term neurological dysfunction and death. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) modalities allow the efficient removal of toxic metabolites. In this study, we reviewed our experience with continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) as RRT for newborns with an inborn metabolic disease.Materials and methods: Patients diagnosed with an inborn metabolic disease and who received CVVHDF treatment at our neonatal intensive care unit between January 2014 and December 2017 were included in this study. Their demographic and clinical data were collected, and the …

Correlation Of Serum Fatty Acid Binding Protein-4 And Interleukin-6 With Airflowlimitation And Quality Of Life In Stable And Acute Exacerbation Of Copd, Mohammad Reza Aslani, Zeynab Ghazaei, Hassan Ghobadi

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The serum fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP-4) level increases in chronic inflammatory diseases. The present study aimed to examine serum FABP-4 and interleukin (IL)-6 levels in patients with stable and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the correlation of these markers with airflow limitation. Materials and methods: We measured serum FABP-4 and IL-6 levels in 60 COPD patients [30 stable COPD (SCOPD), and 30 acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD)], and 30 healthy subjects and compared them with airflow limitation according to the COPD stage in the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (GOLD) criteria, …

The Use Of Prealbumin As A Predictor Of Malnutrition In Cirrhotic Patients And The Effectof Nutritional Support In Patients With Low Prealbumin Levels, Zuhal Dağ, Hüseyi̇n Köseoğlu, Murat Keki̇lli̇

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Malnutrition is an important and commonly seen prognostic factor in patients with cirrhosis. The diagnosis of malnutrition in cirrhosis patients may be challenging, and an easily measured and widely usable marker is lacking. Prealbumin, however, is an easily measured marker. In the current study we measured prealbumin levels in cirrhotic patients with no clinically apparent malnutrition and used it as a malnutrition marker. Another aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nutritional support on patient with low prealbumin levels. Materials and methods: Fifty-two patients with Child A and Child B cirrhosis were selected for the study. …

Effect Of Metformin And Detorsion Treatment On Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormonelevels And Ovarian Histopathology In A Rat Ovarian Torsion Model, Sema Karakaş, Ci̇han Kaya, Hakan Güraslan, Damlanur Sakiz, Sema Süzen Çaypinar, Hüseyi̇n Cengi̇z, Murat Eki̇n, Levent Yaşar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Adnexal torsion is a common gynaecological emergency, and considered to be a problem mostly in reproductive-age women. To evaluate the effect of metformin and detorsion treatment on reducing ovarian reserve in an ovarian torsion model. Materials and methods: Twenty-four nonpregnant, Wistar Hannover rats were included in the study. Animals were divided into 3 groups: the control group, the detorsion only group, and the metformin + detorsion group. The first group received only laparotomy. In the second group, ovaries were fixed to the abdominal wall after performing 360° ovarian torsion, followed by detorsion after a 3-h period of ischemia. The …

The Validity And Reliability Of The Turkish Version Of The Body Esteem Scale Foradolescents And Adults (Besaa) For Children, Umut Ece Arslan, Lütfi̇ye Hi̇lal Özcebe, Hande Konşuk Ünlü, Sarp Üner, Mahmut Saadi̇ Yardim, Ozgur Araz, Terry T-K Huang

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Body esteem (BE) is defined as the self-evaluation of one's own body or appearance. The Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults (BESAA) consists of three subscales: BE-appearance, BE-weight, and BE-attribution. Though initially developed for adolescents and adults, the use of the scale has recently increased in health-related research on children. This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the BESAA for children. Materials and methods: The participants in the study were 4th grade children (aged 9-10 years) in Ankara, Turkey. The validity of the scale was evaluated through exploratory and confirmatory factor …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Vitamin D Status On Different Neuromuscular Blocker Agents Reverse Time, İlknur Sui̇di̇ye Yorulmaz, Yavuz Demi̇raran, Onur Özlü, Burhan Dost

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: This study is aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D levels on sugammadex and neostigmine reversal times. Material and methods: Eighty patients between the ages of 18 and 65 years, with ASA I-III status who were undergoing surgery under general anesthesia were included in the study. A double blind fashion was used to randomly divide all the patients into two groups. At the end of the operation, sugammadex 2 mg/kg was administered to one group (Group sugammadex) and atropine and neostigmine was administered to the other group (Group neostigmine) intravenously. In the data analysis stage, the group was …

Baicalein Nanofiber Scaffold Containing Hyaluronic Acid And Polyvinyl Alcohol: Preparation And Evaluation, Kamel Bachimam, Ezgi̇ Emül, Necdet Sağlam, Feza Korkusuz

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Bone tumor is one of the major causes of tissue bone loss, particularly after performing surgical excision operation to bone lesion that needs to be replaced by biomaterials and ensure a complete filling of tissue-loss spaces. The purpose of our study was to produce a nanofiber-based bone graft scaffold to fill the gaps resulted from bone cancer treatment and also capable of carrying functional molecules that can play a major role in preventing further cancer growth at the targeted bone tissue. Materials and methods: Electrospinning method was used in order to produce nanofibers from different kinds of polymers; Hyaluronic …

Posthepatectomy Liver Failure, İlhan Ocak, Serdar Topaloğlu, Koray Acarli

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Liver surgery is one of the most complex surgical interventions with high risk and potential for complications. Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a serious complication of liver surgery that occurs in about 10% of patients undergoing major liver surgery. It is the main source of morbidity and mortality. Appropriate surgical techniques and intensive care management are important in preventing PHLF. Early start of the liver support systems is very important for the PHLF patient to recover, survive, or be ready for a liver transplant. Nonbiological and biological liver support systems should be used in PHLF to prepare for treatment or …

Relationship Between Malnutrition And Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction In Patientswith Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy, Şeref Kul, Tolga Si̇nan Güvenç, Mustafa Çalişkan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/ aim: Malnutrition is common in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), especially in the end stages of the disease where heart failure symptoms predominate. Malnutrition has been associated with atherosclerosis in patients with chronic kidney disease, but it is unknown whether a similar relationship exists between malnutrition and coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD). In the present study, we aimed to analyse whether indices of malnutrition were associated with coronary flow reserve (CFR) in patients with DCM. Materials and methods: A total of 33 cases who were prospectively followed up with by institutional DCM registry were found eligible for inclusion. Coronary …

Gut Microbiota And Therapeutic Approaches For Dysbiosis In Irritable Bowel Syndrome:Recent Developments And Future Perspectives, Hanna Fjeldheim Dale, Gülen Arslan Lied

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Increased knowledge regarding the implications of gut microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) suggests that a disturbed intestinal microenvironment (dysbiosis) might promote the development and maintenance of IBS symptoms and affects several pathways in the pathology of this multifactorial disease. Accordingly, manipulation of the gut microbiota in order to improve IBS symptoms has evolved as a novel treatment strategy in the last decade. Several different approaches have been investigated in order to improve the gut microbiota composition. Dietary modifications including supplementation with fibers, prebiotics, and probiotics are shown to improve symptoms and composition of gut microbiota in IBS; however, the …

Hsl 4220 : Administration Of Early Childhood Programs, Human Services

Approved Course Proposals

No abstract provided.

Nur 2712 : Therapeutic Pharmacology I, Nursing

Approved Course Proposals

No abstract provided.