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2020

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Articles 3211 - 3240 of 10641

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Dietary Resveratrol Modulates Metabolic Functions In Skeletal Muscle Cells, J. Kaminski, A. Lançon, E. Tili, V. Aires, J. Demarquoy, G. Lizard, J.-J. Michaille, N. Latruffe Jul 2020

Dietary Resveratrol Modulates Metabolic Functions In Skeletal Muscle Cells, J. Kaminski, A. Lançon, E. Tili, V. Aires, J. Demarquoy, G. Lizard, J.-J. Michaille, N. Latruffe

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Resveratrol is one of the best known polyphenol. While its effect on endothelial blood vessel cells, cancer cells, inflammatory processes and neurodegenerative events is well documented, only little is established on the metabolic implication of this phytophenol, particularly on skeletal muscle cells. Here, we report the effect of resveratrol on mouse skeletal muscle cells (C2C12) by measurement of cell proliferation, expression of metabolic genes and their transcription factor dependency, and modulation of non-coding microRNA expression. Resveratrol slightly decreases cell proliferation, while it up regulates PGC-1α a PPAR transcription factor co-activator involved in the control of metabolic genes. It also modulates …

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Elucidation Of Physiological Functions Of Tea Catechins And Their Practical Applications, Y. Hara Jul 2020

Elucidation Of Physiological Functions Of Tea Catechins And Their Practical Applications, Y. Hara

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In 1981, we found in collaboration with the late Dr. Tsuneo Kada that the compound in brewed green tea which suppresses the mutability of Bacillus subtilis is(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate(EGCg). Taking advantage of these findings, we started to isolate EGCg and other catechins in large amount from green tea for the first time in the world. We had made use of these samples, for ourselves and for our collaborators around the world, for the elucidation of physiological functions of tea catechins, under the assumption that the various so far claimed health benefits of tea drinking should have derived from tea catechins. From …

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Wellness Foods Based On The Health Benefits Of Fruit: Gold Kiwifruit For Immune Support And Reducing Symptoms Of Colds And Influenza, M.A. Skinner Jul 2020

Wellness Foods Based On The Health Benefits Of Fruit: Gold Kiwifruit For Immune Support And Reducing Symptoms Of Colds And Influenza, M.A. Skinner

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Fruits are excellent health foods and ingredients for functional foods. Plant & Food Research is developing new fresh and processed foods to promote gut health and immunity and protect from oxidative stress. The research involves testing using cell-based assays and animal models and validating health benefits in human trials. Using ZESPRI® GOLD Kiwifruit as an example, extracts stimulated human innate and adaptive immunity in vitro and a puree, but not a juice, enhanced a weak gut-associated immune response in mice. To validate an associated health benefit, a human trial determined the effects of gold kiwifruit consumption on symptoms of colds …

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Diet-Induced Obesity, Inflammation, And Cancer, J.H.Y. Park, Y.-H. Kang, M.-K. Sung, D.Y. Kwon, Y. Yang Jul 2020

Diet-Induced Obesity, Inflammation, And Cancer, J.H.Y. Park, Y.-H. Kang, M.-K. Sung, D.Y. Kwon, Y. Yang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Chronic inflammation plays critical roles in tumor initiation and progression. Inflammatory tumor microenvironment populating tumor cells, inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, and adipocytes and a web of signaling molecules are crucial in the promotion and progression of tumors. Numerous studies have identified transcription factors such as nuclear factor-kappa B, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 as key modulators in driving inflammation to cancers. Inflammatory cells increase the levels of cytokines that activate these transcription factors to stimulate diverse protumorigenic processes. Additionally, these transcription factors induce production of chemokines that attract more inflammatory cells to maintain tumor-related inflammation. Although …

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Food Factors That Mimic Bile Acid Functions, R. Sato Jul 2020

Food Factors That Mimic Bile Acid Functions, R. Sato

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

TGR5 is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family and is activated by bile acids. TGR5 is thought to be a promising food factor target for preventing metabolic diseases because the activation of TGR5 prevents obesity and hyperglycemia in mice fed a high-fat diet. In the present study, we established an evaluation system for the TGR5 ligand activity, and identified a limonoid nomilin as an activator of TGR5 from among approximate 150 purified food compounds. Unlike bile acids, nomilin did not exhibit the farnesoid X receptor ligand activity. Although the nomilin derivative obacunone was capable of activating TGR5, limonin …

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Antioxidative Phytochemicals And Biomarkers, T. Osawa Jul 2020

Antioxidative Phytochemicals And Biomarkers, T. Osawa

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Lipid peroxidation is known to be a free chain reaction which takes place both in vivo and in vitro, and forms lipid hydroperoxides and secondary products. These lipid peroxidation products are highly reactive and have been shown to interact with many biological components such as proteins, amino acids, amines, phospholipids and DNAs. As novel biomarkers for early stage of lipid peroxidation process, we have developed monoclonal antibodies specific to oxidatively modified lysines with linoleic acid-, arachidonic acid- eicosapentanoic acid- and docosahexaenoic acid-hydroperoxides. We have also succeeded in construction of novel biomarkers specific to overproduction of oxidative stress during inflammation process. …

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Rheology Of Fiber-Enriched Steamed Bread: Stress Relaxation And Texture Profile Analysis, M.-Y. Wu, Y.-H. Chang, S.-Y. Shiau, C.-C. Chen Jul 2020

Rheology Of Fiber-Enriched Steamed Bread: Stress Relaxation And Texture Profile Analysis, M.-Y. Wu, Y.-H. Chang, S.-Y. Shiau, C.-C. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Wheat bran is one of the major dietary fiber sources widely used in the food industry in order to produce fiber-enriched foods. The effects of wheat bran substitution (0-30%), water absorption (46-62%) and electric power (4-12 kW) of steamer on stress relaxation and textural parameters of steamed breads were evaluated by the Texture Analyzer. The results showed that mechanical stress relaxation data of steamed breads were fitted well by both the Peleg-Normand and three-element Maxwell models. At 10-40% strains tested, common and bran-enriched steamed breads were more elastic measured at low strain. It was suitable to perform the stress relaxation …

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Quality Control Of Colla Corii Asini Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy And Chemometrics Clustering Techniques, W.-W. Dong, Z.-D. Zeng, D. Au, C.-O. Chan, D.-J. Yang, X.-B. Li Jul 2020

Quality Control Of Colla Corii Asini Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy And Chemometrics Clustering Techniques, W.-W. Dong, Z.-D. Zeng, D. Au, C.-O. Chan, D.-J. Yang, X.-B. Li

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Colla corii asini (Ejiao) was distinguished from its fakes by using a portable device of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The spectroscopic information was then characteristically extracted for clustering analysis. Chemometrics tools were applied to interpret the NIRS datasets and to further identify the potential information for the quality control of Ejiao. In this study, forty-three Ejiao samples were collected from 20 manufacturers in China. Three chemometrics methods including hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principle component analysis (PCA) and mahalanobis distance (MD) were utilized to simultaneously confirm the analytical results, and all showed efficacy for the quality control of Ejiao by NIRS. In …

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Supplementation Of Red Cabbage (Brassica Oleracea L. Var.) Juice Increases Serum Total Antibody Levels In Mice, Y.-L. Liou, J.-Y. Lin Jul 2020

Supplementation Of Red Cabbage (Brassica Oleracea L. Var.) Juice Increases Serum Total Antibody Levels In Mice, Y.-L. Liou, J.-Y. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study investigates the effects of supplementing unimmunized (non-specific) and ovalbumin (OVA)/complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-immunized mice with red cabbage (RC, Brassica oleracea L. var.) juice for 8 and 6 weeks, respectively. Changes in serum total immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgE, IgG and IgM levels, as well as OVA-specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a titers were determined. The results showed that RC juice supplementation did not significantly affect the body weight, feed intake and feed efficiency in either unimmunized or OVA/CFA-immunized mouse models. Serum OVA-specific antibody titers in OVA/CFA-immunized mice were also not significantly affected. However, RC juice supplementation increased serum total antibody …

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Hepatoprotective Effect Of Lactic Acid Bacteria In The Attenuation Of Oxidative Stress From Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide, C.-C. Ou, Y.-H. Chiu, S.-L. Lin, Y.-J. Chang, H.-Y. Huang, M.-Y. Lin Jul 2020

Hepatoprotective Effect Of Lactic Acid Bacteria In The Attenuation Of Oxidative Stress From Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide, C.-C. Ou, Y.-H. Chiu, S.-L. Lin, Y.-J. Chang, H.-Y. Huang, M.-Y. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The pathogenesis and progression of liver disease are associated with free radical injury and oxidative stress, which can be partially attenuated by antioxidants and free radical scavengers. Lactic acid bacteria, which have been traditionally used in the production of various fermented foods, are important intestinal microflora and natural antioxidants. The hypothesis that lactic acid bacteria can prevent or decrease tert-butyl hydroperoxide (r-BHP)-induced oxidative damage in HepG2 cells was investigated. Intracellular extracts and heat-killed cells of Lactobacillus acidophilus La12, Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus Lb23, Bifidobacterium longum Bl36 and Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilus St28 were used in this study. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), …

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The Prevalence Of Specific Ige To Common Foods And Dust Mite In The Sera Of Allergic Patients In Taiwan, E.-C. Liao, J.-J. Tsai Jul 2020

The Prevalence Of Specific Ige To Common Foods And Dust Mite In The Sera Of Allergic Patients In Taiwan, E.-C. Liao, J.-J. Tsai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Food allergy refers to an abnormal immunologic response to foods. Food hypersensitivity reactions have become an increasingly troublesome issue over the last few decades. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of food allergies and to collect sera samples for the identification of allergens in foods. A total of 206 subjects from allergy and clinical immunology clinics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital were recruited in this study. The prevalence of food hypersensitivity was determined. The specific IgE to crude extracts of maize, rice, soybeans, broccoli, peanuts, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, allergen components of pathogenesis related protein-10 (PR-10) and lipid transfer protein (LTP), were …

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Detection Of Copper Ions In Liquid Foods And Beverages Based On An Enzymatic Method, J.-I. Yang, D.-B. Yeh, J.-M. Kuo, B.S. Pan, G.-C. Lee, Y.-H. Liu, Y.-J. Lai Jul 2020

Detection Of Copper Ions In Liquid Foods And Beverages Based On An Enzymatic Method, J.-I. Yang, D.-B. Yeh, J.-M. Kuo, B.S. Pan, G.-C. Lee, Y.-H. Liu, Y.-J. Lai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

An economic, simple and sensitive enzymatic method for the determination of copper in aqueous samples was proposed in this study. By removal of copper, superoxide dismutase (SOD) becomes apoenzyme SOD (apo-SOD) that has no SOD activity. The amount of copper added can be estimated by the recovery of SOD activity from reconstituted apo-SOD. The concentration of copper in an aqueous sample can thus be determined. A linear relationship (R2 = 0.998) between the concentrations of copper, ranging from 20 to 80 ppb, and the recovered SOD activities was observed. The detection limit for copper in the proposed assay was 20 …

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The Effect Of Eleutherococcus Senticosus (Rupr. Et Maxim.) Maxim. Extract On Cadmium-Induced Toxicity In Mice, A. Smalinskiene, N. Savickiene, V. Lesauskaite, V. Zitkevicius, L. Ivanov, H. Rodovicius, I. Sadauskiene Jul 2020

The Effect Of Eleutherococcus Senticosus (Rupr. Et Maxim.) Maxim. Extract On Cadmium-Induced Toxicity In Mice, A. Smalinskiene, N. Savickiene, V. Lesauskaite, V. Zitkevicius, L. Ivanov, H. Rodovicius, I. Sadauskiene

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The present study analyzed the effects of Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Maxim. ethanol extract on long-term (6-week) intoxication induced by intraperitoneal injections of 0.05 LD 50 of cadmium chloride solution. The experiments were performed with white laboratory mice. Two groups of mice were injected with ethanol extract of E. senticosus: 0.05 LD 50 and 0.10 LD 50. Cadmium concentrations were investigated in blood, kidney, liver, spleen, heart, and skeletal muscle by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Long-term injections of Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Maxim. ethanol extract combined with CdCl 2 led to significant increase of cadmium concentrations in the spleen, …

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Determination Of Rutin In Buckwheat Tea And Fagopyrum Tataricum Seeds By High Performance Liquid Chromatography And Capillary Electrophoresis, N. Vachirapatama, B. Chamnankid, Y. Kachonpadungkitti Jul 2020

Determination Of Rutin In Buckwheat Tea And Fagopyrum Tataricum Seeds By High Performance Liquid Chromatography And Capillary Electrophoresis, N. Vachirapatama, B. Chamnankid, Y. Kachonpadungkitti

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Simple, fast and very sensitive high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) methods for the determination of rutin were developed. The separation of rutin by HPLC was performed using a Chromolith RP 18 column with detection wavelength at 356 nm. Composition of mobile phase was methanol : water (50 : 50, v/v) in 10 mM acetate buffer at pH 4.1. The limit of detection (at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3) was 23.91 ng/mL. Relative standard deviations of retention time, peak area and peak height (n = 5) for rutin were 0.199, 0.832 and 0.522%, respectively. For CE method, …

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Nutritional Quality, Fatty Acids, Amino Acids And Functional Characteristics Of Bael (Aegle Marmelos L.) Seed Protein Concentrate, Rao G. Narsing, K. Balaswamy, Rao P. Prabhakara, Rao D. Govardhana, A. Satyanarayana Jul 2020

Nutritional Quality, Fatty Acids, Amino Acids And Functional Characteristics Of Bael (Aegle Marmelos L.) Seed Protein Concentrate, Rao G. Narsing, K. Balaswamy, Rao P. Prabhakara, Rao D. Govardhana, A. Satyanarayana

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Studies were carried out on bael (Aegle marmelos L.) seed protein concentrate (BSPC) to evaluate the proximate, mineral and amino acid composition, nitrogen extractability and functional properties. The protein content was found to be 70.8 g/100 g BSPC. Calcium and phosphorus were observed in major quantities. The bael seed meal (BSM) lipid is found to be rich in unsaturated fatty acids (75%). Essential amino acids occurred in good quantities in BSPC. Nitrogen extractability of BSPC in water was found to be higher at 1 : 40 (w/v) ratio and an extraction time of 40 min. Minimum nitrogen extractability (14 g/100 …

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Gastroprotective Effects Of Ping-Wei San On Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer, C. Tiong, W.-L. Liang, H.-Y. Liu, K.-T. Wang, C.-C. Chang, C.-C. Wang Jul 2020

Gastroprotective Effects Of Ping-Wei San On Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer, C. Tiong, W.-L. Liang, H.-Y. Liu, K.-T. Wang, C.-C. Chang, C.-C. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Ping-Wei San (PWS), a Chinese medical decoction, was used to improve digestive absorption. This study was aimed to determine whether treatment with PWS reduce gastric ulceration induced by indomethacin and influencing its anti-inflammatory effect. PWS was extracted with boiling water and the decoction was freeze-dried into powder (H-PWS). The amounts of glycyrrhizin and hesperidin in H-PWS were analyzed by a HPLC method to be 38 and 19 mg/g, respectively. Co-administration of H-PWS resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal cell death. H-PWS (200 mg/kg) also alleviated the indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in male Wistar rats in vivo. The inhibition …

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Comparison Of Urinary Kinetics Between Traditional Decoction And Concentrated Powders Of Puerariae Radix In Healthy Men, Y.-C. Hou, P.-D.L. Chao, Y.-R. Yeh, S.-Y. Yang, S.-Y. Tsai Jul 2020

Comparison Of Urinary Kinetics Between Traditional Decoction And Concentrated Powders Of Puerariae Radix In Healthy Men, Y.-C. Hou, P.-D.L. Chao, Y.-R. Yeh, S.-Y. Yang, S.-Y. Tsai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Puerariae Radix (PR), the roots of Pueraria lobata (Leguminosae), is widely used in clinical Chinese medicine and also as a food in oriental countries. PR is a rich source of isoflavones including puerarin, daidzin and daidzein. This study was aimed to compare the urinary kinetics of isoflavones between traditional decoction (TD) and concentrated powders (CP) of PR in healthy man. Ten male volunteers were given two dosage forms of PR in a crossover design and their urine was collected at specific intervals until 36 h. Urine samples were assayed by an HPLC method before and after hydrolysis with β-glucuronidase and …

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Uvb Photoirradiation Of Aloe Vera - Formation Of Free Radicals, Singlet Oxygen, Superoxide, And Induction Of Lipid Peroxidation, Q. Xia, M.D. Boudreau, Y.-T. Zhou, J.-J. Yin, P.P. Fu Jul 2020

Uvb Photoirradiation Of Aloe Vera - Formation Of Free Radicals, Singlet Oxygen, Superoxide, And Induction Of Lipid Peroxidation, Q. Xia, M.D. Boudreau, Y.-T. Zhou, J.-J. Yin, P.P. Fu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Aloe vera whole leaf extracts are incorporated into a wide variety of topically applied commercial products. Aloe vera whole leaf extracts contain anthraquinones, which can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon UVA light irradiation. In this study, the phototoxicity of two Aloe vera whole leaf extracts, Aloe A and Aloe B, were examined. The Aloe B extract was prepared by treating the Aloe A extract with activated carbon (1%, wt/wt) and filtration to remove the Aloe latex components, including the anthraquinones. UVB irradiation of the Aloe vera whole leaf extracts induced lipid peroxidation in the presence of a lipid, methyl …

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Antibacterial And Antioxidant Properties Of Sorghum Distillery Residue, M.-Y. Lee, S.-H. Tsai, Y.-J. Lai Jul 2020

Antibacterial And Antioxidant Properties Of Sorghum Distillery Residue, M.-Y. Lee, S.-H. Tsai, Y.-J. Lai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The alcohol extract (AE), cold water extract (CWE) and hot water extract (HWE) of sorghum distillery residues (SDR, also referred to in the literature as sorghum spirits lees, sorghum liquor waste, or grain sorghum dried distillers grains) were found to effectively inhibit the growth of Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli O157 : H7, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus. As the concentration of alcohol or water extracts increased to 6 mg/mL, no survival was detected. All extracts of SDR were evaluated for their antibacterial activity, radical-scavenging activity, reducing capacity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, total antioxidant activity and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity. At a …

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Preliminary Analyses Of Phenolic Compounds And Antioxidant Activities In Tea Pollen Extracts, Y.-T. Kao, M.-J. Lu, C. Chen Jul 2020

Preliminary Analyses Of Phenolic Compounds And Antioxidant Activities In Tea Pollen Extracts, Y.-T. Kao, M.-J. Lu, C. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Tea (Camellia sinensis) pollen is one of the main bee-collected pollen staples in Taiwan. We analyzed the contents of the phenolic compounds (total phenols, flavonoids, free aglycones of flavonoid and phenolic acids) in tea pollen, obtained by aqueous extraction (cold and hot water) or ethanolic extraction (50% EE and 95% EE). The antioxidant activity, capacity of scavenging H 2O 2, and chelating ability were measured. Nine phenolic compounds, including gallic acid, catechin, methyl gallate, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, rutin, myricetin, and chlorogenic acid, were identified and quantified, while gallic acid (0.69 ± 0.01 to 2.55 ± 0.05 mg/g) …

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Food Safety Evaluation Of Papaya Fruits Resistant To Papaya Ring Spot Virus, G.-C. Yen, H.-T. Lin, Y.-H. Cheng, Y.-J. Lin, S.-C. Chang, S.-D. Yeh, Y.-C. Chan, Y.-C. Chung, J.-W. Liao Jul 2020

Food Safety Evaluation Of Papaya Fruits Resistant To Papaya Ring Spot Virus, G.-C. Yen, H.-T. Lin, Y.-H. Cheng, Y.-J. Lin, S.-C. Chang, S.-D. Yeh, Y.-C. Chan, Y.-C. Chung, J.-W. Liao

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Genetically modified (GM) papaya plant resistant to infection by Papaya Ring Spot Virus (PRSV) was successfully generated by cloning the coat protein (CP) gene of the PRSV. However, the food safety of GM foods remains controversial. This study assesses the food safety of two GM papayas, 16-0-1 and 18-2-4, and compares them with that of non-GM papaya, Tainung-2 (TN-2), using genetic and animal toxicity assays. Pulps of fresh papaya fruits were lyophilized and grounded before use. Three genotoxicity assays were performed: the Ames test of Salmonella typhimurium tester strains (TA98, TA100, TA102, TA1535 and TA1537); the chromosomal aberration of Chinese …

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Inhibitory Effects Of Bovine Colostrum Protein Hydrolysates On Human Leukemic U937 Cell Growth, C.-W. Chen, S.-H. Chiang, S.-Y. Wang, Y.-T. Lin, F.-Y. Lin, C.-Y. Chang Jul 2020

Inhibitory Effects Of Bovine Colostrum Protein Hydrolysates On Human Leukemic U937 Cell Growth, C.-W. Chen, S.-H. Chiang, S.-Y. Wang, Y.-T. Lin, F.-Y. Lin, C.-Y. Chang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Skimmed milk, caseins and whey proteins isolated from colostrums collected on the first to fifth days postpartum were hydrolyzed by different enzymes (alcalase, flavourzyme, and porcine small-intestinal enzymes). To investigate how different protein hydrolyastes affect cell death, leukemic U937 cells were treated with different protein hydrolysates at 100-1000 μg/mL for 24 to 120 h at 37°C in 5% CO 2 incubator. The results showed that protein hydrolysates leading to U937 cell death exhibited dose-and-time-dependent characteristics. This study also found that the proteins hydrolyzed by porcine small-intestinal enzymes have more significant effects on cell death than proteins hydrolyzed by other enzymes. …

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Isoflavone Urine Kinetics After Giving Soymilk To Healthy Adults In Taiwan, Y.-C. Hou, Y.-C. Chi, S.-Y. Tsai, P.-D.L. Chao Jul 2020

Isoflavone Urine Kinetics After Giving Soymilk To Healthy Adults In Taiwan, Y.-C. Hou, Y.-C. Chi, S.-Y. Tsai, P.-D.L. Chao

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study was aimed to investigate the urine kinetics of isoflavones after oral intake of soymilk in healthy adults in Taiwan. Nine volunteers received 800 mL of soymilk equivalent to 200 g of soybeans and the urine were collected from 0 to 48 h. Daidzein, equol and genistein in urine were assayed by HPLC before and after hydrolysis with β-glucuronidase and sulfatase. The results revealed that the parent forms of daidzein and genistein were not detected in the urine with major forms being the glucuronides (G) and sulfates (S), mainly G. Besides, equol G and S, the metabolites of daidzein, …

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Preventive Effect Of Methanol Extract From Agrocybe Cylindracea (Meac) Mushroom On The Cooking Oil Fumes-Induced Expressions Of Cyclooxygenase-2 Via Suppression Of Nuclear Factor-Kappab (Nf-Kb) In Cl-3 Cells, L.-H. Wang, H. Lee, T.-A. Chiang, M.-J. Chen, S.-Y. Lin Jul 2020

Preventive Effect Of Methanol Extract From Agrocybe Cylindracea (Meac) Mushroom On The Cooking Oil Fumes-Induced Expressions Of Cyclooxygenase-2 Via Suppression Of Nuclear Factor-Kappab (Nf-Kb) In Cl-3 Cells, L.-H. Wang, H. Lee, T.-A. Chiang, M.-J. Chen, S.-Y. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Methanol extract from Agrocybe cylindracea strain B (MEAC) mushroom is reported to suppress reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and DNA oxidative damage induced by cooking oil fumes (COF). This study examined the effects of MEAC on COF-stimulated expression of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and cytochrome P450 CYP1A1 genes in human lung adenocarcinoma CL-3 cells. MEAC did not alter COF-stimulated CYP1A1 mRNA expression. However, MEAC significantly inhibited COF (100 μg/mL) stimulation of COX-2 mRNA and protein levels in a dose-dependent manner. The concentration of MEAC that decreased COF-stimulated COX-2 protein expression by 50% was 500 μg/mL. These data suggest that MEAC selectively …

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In Vitro Evaluation Of Antioxidant Activities And Inhibition Of Ace Activity By Collagenase-Treated Hydrolysate Derived From Bullfrog Skin, Y.-L. Huang, S.-H. Li, T.-Y. Chuang, C.-J. Chow Jul 2020

In Vitro Evaluation Of Antioxidant Activities And Inhibition Of Ace Activity By Collagenase-Treated Hydrolysate Derived From Bullfrog Skin, Y.-L. Huang, S.-H. Li, T.-Y. Chuang, C.-J. Chow

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Enzymatic hydrolysates were obtained by hydrolysis of retorted skin gelatin hydrolysates (RSGH) from bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) using three enzymes including collagenase, bromelain, and pancreatin for various times (0, 15, 30 and 60 min). As the hydrolysis time increased, degrees of hydrolysis (DH) of all three enzymatic hydrolysates increased. The molecular weight distribution of collagenase-hydrolyzed RSGH (RSGH-Cg) fraction was in the range of 189-686 Da (40.1-50.1%) and 686-6,511 Da (36.7-48.7%) while those of the other enzymatic-hydrolyzed RSGH fractions were mostly in the 686-6,511 Da (58.2-60.8%) range. All enzymatic hydrolysates had more potent antioxidant activity including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, ferrous …

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Correlation Of Major Components And Radical Scavenging Activity Of Commercial Tea Drinks In Taiwan, J.-J. Wu, M.-T. Chiang, Y.-W. Chang, J.-Y. Chen, H.-T. Yang, C.-K. Lii, J.-H. Lin, H.-T. Yao Jul 2020

Correlation Of Major Components And Radical Scavenging Activity Of Commercial Tea Drinks In Taiwan, J.-J. Wu, M.-T. Chiang, Y.-W. Chang, J.-Y. Chen, H.-T. Yang, C.-K. Lii, J.-H. Lin, H.-T. Yao

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Correlation of major components with free radical scavenging activities of 27 commercial tea drinks prepared from green, Oolong, and black teas in Taiwan were investigated. Green tea drinks contained the highest level of total catechins including epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin (EC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), and gallocatechin gallate (GCG), while these components were low in black tea drinks and moderate in Oolong tea drinks. EGC and EGCG were the major catechins in the three types of tea drinks, and gallic acid showed the highest abundance in black tea drinks. Caffeine concentrations were comparable in the three types of tea …

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Preparation And Physicochemical Properties Of Fiber-Rich Fraction From Pineapple Peels As A Potential Ingredient, Y.-L. Huang, C.-J. Chow, Y.-J. Fang Jul 2020

Preparation And Physicochemical Properties Of Fiber-Rich Fraction From Pineapple Peels As A Potential Ingredient, Y.-L. Huang, C.-J. Chow, Y.-J. Fang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) peels as agricultural wastes represent around 35% of the whole fruit mass. By different preparation methods, the pineapple peel fiber was analyzed and evaluated for its composition and functional properties, which would provide a clue to its physiological function. The pineapple peel contained an appreciable amount of insoluble fiber-rich fraction (FRF) (41.8-48.0 g/100 g) including insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), alcohol-insoluble solids (AIS), and water-insoluble solids (WIS), which primarily consisted of cellulose, pectic substances and hemicellulose. These fractions also contained notable proportions of lignin (60.7-65.8 g/100 g). Compared with cellulose, these FRFs exhibited the greater water- …

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Simultaneous Quantification Of Aflatoxins, Ochratoxin A And Zearalenone In Cereals By Lc-Ms/Ms, C.-D. Liao, H.-Y. Lin, L.-C. Chiueh, D.Y.-C. Shih Jul 2020

Simultaneous Quantification Of Aflatoxins, Ochratoxin A And Zearalenone In Cereals By Lc-Ms/Ms, C.-D. Liao, H.-Y. Lin, L.-C. Chiueh, D.Y.-C. Shih

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The occurrence of mycotoxins in foods and feeds has long been recognized as a potential hazard for human and animal health due to its severe toxic and carcinogenic properties. Among various mycotoxins, aflatoxins (AFs), ochratoxin A (OTA) and zearalenone (ZON) are most important because of many contamination cases in the world. In this study, a simple and rapid multiresidue method to quantify AFB 1, AFB 2, AFG 1, AFG 2, OTA and ZON was developed. The simultaneous determination of these 6 mycotoxins was performed using immunoaffinity column for clean-up and liquid chromatography/electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for quantification. Cereal samples …

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Optimization Of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Conditions For Producing Soy Protein Hydrolysate With Maximum Lipolysis-Stimulating Activity, F.-J. Kao, M.-J. Tsou, H.-C. Kao, W.-D. Chiang Jul 2020

Optimization Of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Conditions For Producing Soy Protein Hydrolysate With Maximum Lipolysis-Stimulating Activity, F.-J. Kao, M.-J. Tsou, H.-C. Kao, W.-D. Chiang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The optimum hydrolysis conditions of 2.5% (w/v) soy protein isolate (SPI) with 1% (w/w of SPI) Flavourzyme® for increasing glycerol release in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were investigated by response surface methodology (RSM). Higher glycerol release indicated higher lipolysis-stimulating activity. The independent variables were hydrolysis time (HT) 19.2-220.8 min, pH 5.32-8.68 and reaction temperature (RT) 33.2-66.8°C. Based on the response surface and contour plots, the optimum hydrolysis of SPI with Flavourzyme® for maximizing the glycerol release in the cells occurred at pH = 7.12, RT = 48.77°C and HT = 124.85 min. The F-value for lack of fit was not significant …

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Inhibitory Effects Of Polygonum Cuspidatum On The Epstein-Barr Virus Lytic Cycle, C.-Y. Yiu, S.-Y. Chen, C.-W. Huang, D.-B. Yeh, T.-P. Lin Jul 2020

Inhibitory Effects Of Polygonum Cuspidatum On The Epstein-Barr Virus Lytic Cycle, C.-Y. Yiu, S.-Y. Chen, C.-W. Huang, D.-B. Yeh, T.-P. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Polygonum cuspidatum is widely used as a medicinal herb in Asia. In this study, we examined the ethanolic extract of Polygonum cuspidatum roots (PcE) for their capacity to inhibit the EBV lytic cycle. The cell viability was determined by the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] method. The expression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic proteins was analyzed by flow cytometric assay. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to measure the EBV virion production. Transient transfection analysis was subsequently performed to assess the transcription of lytic genes, including BRLF1 and BZLF1. Results showed that the PcE inhibited the transcription of EBV immediate early genes, the …

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