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2020

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(Journal Of Food And Drug Analysis 17, 1 (43)), J. Han Jul 2020

(Journal Of Food And Drug Analysis 17, 1 (43)), J. Han

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

[No abstract available]

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Detection Of Conjugated Soy Metabolites In Urinary And Tissue Samples After Methanol Extraction, H.C. Chang, J. Han, R.L. Prior Jul 2020

Detection Of Conjugated Soy Metabolites In Urinary And Tissue Samples After Methanol Extraction, H.C. Chang, J. Han, R.L. Prior

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Glucuronide conjugates of soy isoflavone metabolites genistein, daidzein, glycitein and equol in urinary samples from women, female pigs and female rats were pretreated with methanol instead of solid phase extraction or liquid-liquid extraction after enzymatic digestion. The samples were analyzed using an LC-ESI-MS/MS ion trap system. Analysis of rat liver sample using this procedure was also attempted. By comparison the elution sequences with results from previous studies, glucuronide conjugates including 7-gluc-Dai, 7-gluc-Gly, 4′-gluc-Dai, 7-gluc-Gen, then 4′-gluc-Gen were identified sequentially in women urine. However, 5-gluc-Gen was also observed in female porcine urine. In rat urine, sul-Dai was observed after 7-gluc-Dai, while …

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Metabonomic Study With A High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupling To A Triple Quadruple Mass Spectrometer To Identify Biomarkers From Urine Of High-Fat Fed And Streptozotocin Treated Rats, Y.-H. Chen, C.-H. Chen, C.-J. Lin, C.-C. Chen Jul 2020

Metabonomic Study With A High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupling To A Triple Quadruple Mass Spectrometer To Identify Biomarkers From Urine Of High-Fat Fed And Streptozotocin Treated Rats, Y.-H. Chen, C.-H. Chen, C.-J. Lin, C.-C. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

High performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass (MS/MS) detector was employed to scan the urinary metabolites of Wistar rats (n=5 each group) fed with either control diet or high fat diet with a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) for 14 weeks. Principle component analysis (PCA) of the LC-MS data was performed for pattern re-cognition and it clearly showed that the dosed animals displayed different metabolic responses even though they received the same treatment. Components responsible for the separation were identified with MS/MS. Glucose and malonic acid were among some other components in Krebs cycle to …

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Determination Of Zearalenone In Cereals By High-Performance Liquid Chromatography And Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry, C.-D. Liao, L.-C. Chiueh, D.Y.-C. Shih Jul 2020

Determination Of Zearalenone In Cereals By High-Performance Liquid Chromatography And Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry, C.-D. Liao, L.-C. Chiueh, D.Y.-C. Shih

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Zearalenone is a mycotoxin produced mainly by fungi belonging to the genus Fusarium in foods and feeds. A rapid and accurate method to quantify zearalenone in cereals was described. The determination of zearalenone was performed using immunoaffinity column for clean-up, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/fluorescence for quantification and liquid chromatography/electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS-MS) for confirmation. Cereal samples were extracted with acetonitrile-water (90:10, v/v) prior to a Vicam ZearalaTest™ immunoaffinity column clean-up. Zearalenone was eluted from the column with methanol and quantified by HPLC with fluorescence detection (λex = 274 nm, λem = 440 nm). A mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (50:50, …

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Twentieth Year Note, S.-I. Wu Jul 2020

Twentieth Year Note, S.-I. Wu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

[No abstract available]

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Analysis Of Poisoning Cases, Monitoring And Risk Warning For Marine Toxins (Ttx, Psp And Ctxs) In Taiwan, W.-F. Lin, D.-F. Hwang Jul 2020

Analysis Of Poisoning Cases, Monitoring And Risk Warning For Marine Toxins (Ttx, Psp And Ctxs) In Taiwan, W.-F. Lin, D.-F. Hwang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Tetrodotoxin (TTX), paralytic shellfish poisons (PSP) and ciguateric toxins (CTXs) are the most important marine toxins causing seafood poisoning for humans. In this report, the poisoning cases and the causative species of marine toxins in Taiwan in recent year were reviewed. TTX poisoning cases in Taiwan were usually caused by puffer processed products such as dried dressed puffer fillet and puffer roe, followed by toxic puffer, gastropod and goby. PSP poisoning cases in Taiwan were usually caused by gastropod and shellfish contaminated from dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum, and the main toxins were identified as saxitoxin, neo saxitoxin and gonyautoxin1-4. For CTXs …

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Integration Of Independent Component Analysis With Near Infrared Spectroscopy For Rapid Quantification Of Sugar Content In Wax Jambu (Syzygium Samarangense Merrill & Perry), Y.-K. Chuang, S. Chen, Y.M. Lo, C.-Y. Tsai, I.-C. Yang, Y.-L. Chen, P.-J. Pan, C.-C. Chen Jul 2020

Integration Of Independent Component Analysis With Near Infrared Spectroscopy For Rapid Quantification Of Sugar Content In Wax Jambu (Syzygium Samarangense Merrill & Perry), Y.-K. Chuang, S. Chen, Y.M. Lo, C.-Y. Tsai, I.-C. Yang, Y.-L. Chen, P.-J. Pan, C.-C. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Independent component analysis (ICA) was integrated with near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for rapid quantification of sugar content in wax jambu (Syzygium samarangense Merrill & Perry). The JADE algorithm (Joint Approximate Diagonalization of Eigenmatrices) and linear regression with spectral pretreatments were incorporated to analyze the NIR spectra of wax jambu against sucrose solutions. Unlike other multivariate approaches, ICA enabled comprehensive quantification of sugar content in wax jambu. In the present study, ICA was applied as the sole tool to build the NIR calibration model of internal quality of intact wax jambu without any other multivariate analysis methods. The best spectral calibration …

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Phthalates Exposure And Endocrinal Effects: An Epidemiological Review, P.-C. Huang, S.-H. Liou, I.-K. Ho, H.-C. Chiang, H.-I. Huang, S.-L. Wang Jul 2020

Phthalates Exposure And Endocrinal Effects: An Epidemiological Review, P.-C. Huang, S.-H. Liou, I.-K. Ho, H.-C. Chiang, H.-I. Huang, S.-L. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Phthalates are ubiquitous endocrine disrupters which may cause potential health effects in general populations. We explored 3 scientific databases (PubMed, Medline, and ScienceDirect) to search epidemiological studies focused on phthalates exposure and the important health effects including endocrine, hormonal regulation of thyroid and steroid, reproductive effects, pregnancy, precocious puberty, obesity, and infertility in human. Some studies demonstrated negative association between phthalate levels and sex steroid hormones (testosterone, LH), thyroid hormones (thyroxine), sperm quality, anogenital distance, gestational age and neurodevelopment (cognitive function and intelligence quotient), although most of them have some limitations. A few studies showed positive association between phthalate levels …

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Differential Effects Of Processing Methods On Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities Of Three Species Of Solanum, S. Nithiyanantham, S. Varadharajan, P. Siddhuraju Jul 2020

Differential Effects Of Processing Methods On Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities Of Three Species Of Solanum, S. Nithiyanantham, S. Varadharajan, P. Siddhuraju

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The present study evaluated the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of raw and processed fruit extracts from Solanum torvum, S. xanthocarpum and S. violaceum and assessed the relationship with their total phenolic content. Total phenolic and tannin contents of raw and processed fruit sample extracts ranged from 5.0-7.6 g/100g and 4.5-7.0 g/100g, respectively. As compared to raw samples, processed samples had significant decrease in total phenolic and tannin content, FRAP, linoleic acid emulsion system, antihaemolytic and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity. However, processing the samples caused significant (p<0.05) increases in DPPH•, ABTS •+, •OH radical scavenging capacities, metal chelating ability and phosphomolybdenum assay. After processing, the total antioxidant activity increased or remained unchanged depending on the type of samples. All the fruit samples showed optimal antimicrobial activity against Gram negative bacteria. Interestingly, the extracts from raw and processed S. torvum showed no inhibitory effect on the growth of E. coli.

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Antitumor Cell Proliferation And Antigenotoxic Effects Of Sufu And Koji Granule, The Chinese Traditional Fermented Product Of Soybeans, J.-Y. Chen, Y.-J. Lai, S.-H. Chiang, C.-C. Chou Jul 2020

Antitumor Cell Proliferation And Antigenotoxic Effects Of Sufu And Koji Granule, The Chinese Traditional Fermented Product Of Soybeans, J.-Y. Chen, Y.-J. Lai, S.-H. Chiang, C.-C. Chou

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Sufu is traditional Chinese fermented product of soybean. In the present study, sufu was manufactured by ripening salted tofu cubes in Aspergillus oryzae-fermented rice-soybean koji mash at 37°C for a period of 16 days. The methanol extracts of the non-fermented tofu cubes, sufu, and koji granules collected at various ripening periods were examined for their antiproliferative effect against human colon cancer cells, Caco-2 and HT-29, as well as their suppression effect against the genotoxicity of 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide (4-NQO) on Intestine-470 cells. It was generally found that the extracts of tofu cubes and koji granules exhibited an antiproliferative effect against the cancer …

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Dietary Intake Of Pcdd/Fs And Dioxin-Like Pcbs From Fresh Foods Around Taiwan, J.-W. Chang, P.-C. Liao, C.-C. Lee Jul 2020

Dietary Intake Of Pcdd/Fs And Dioxin-Like Pcbs From Fresh Foods Around Taiwan, J.-W. Chang, P.-C. Liao, C.-C. Lee

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study investigated the background levels of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs) in fresh foods around Taiwan. In 1,029 foodstuffs, the highest PCDD/F level based on per gram fat was found in duck eggs (1.956 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat), followed by beef (1.263 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat), and egg products (1.067 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat), and the lowest was in grape seed oil (0.068 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat). The highest dl-PCB level was found in beef (0.782 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat), followed by duck eggs (0.632 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat), and mutton (0.506 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat), and the lowest was in peanut oil (0.011 pg WHO-TEQ/g …

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Critical Evaluation Of Methods For The Measurement Of Oxidative Rancidity In Vegetable Oils, M. Pignitter, V. Somoza Jul 2020

Critical Evaluation Of Methods For The Measurement Of Oxidative Rancidity In Vegetable Oils, M. Pignitter, V. Somoza

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

During storage and shipping, edible oils are susceptible to oxidative deterioration. To ensure high oil quality, it is essential to reliably analyze their oxidative status. The aim of this review was to critically evaluate published methods based on their value and applicability. This review focuses on major chemical, physical and chromatographic methods used for assessing the degree of lipid oxidation. Due to complexity of the mechanism of lipid oxidation, most of the methods determine either early or advanced oxidation products. Methods based on nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and high-performance size-exclusion chromatography are discussed as superior methods …

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Total Dietary Studies And Food Safety Assessment In Taiwan-Food Preservatives As An Illustration, D.P.H. Hsieh, H.-Y. Huang, M.-P. Ling, Y.-S. Chen, L.-L.I. Huang, C.-H. Wu, S.-P. Ni, H.-C. Hung, C.-F. Chiang Jul 2020

Total Dietary Studies And Food Safety Assessment In Taiwan-Food Preservatives As An Illustration, D.P.H. Hsieh, H.-Y. Huang, M.-P. Ling, Y.-S. Chen, L.-L.I. Huang, C.-H. Wu, S.-P. Ni, H.-C. Hung, C.-F. Chiang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This second total diet study (TDS) in Taiwan was initiated to assess the health risk posed on general consumers from the dietary intake of benzoic acid and sorbic acid as an illustration of a risk assessment of food preservatives. Health risk was assessed by estimating the ratio of the exposure level to the acceptable daily intake (ADI) level of an analyte. This ratio, known as the hazard index (HI), must be less than 100% to ensure no health risk of concern. The ADI values were obtained from the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). The present TDS was …

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Chinese Cooking With Ionic Seasonings May Enhance Migration Of Periluorooctanic Acid From Food Contact Articles, C.-F. Chiang, D.P.H. Hsieh, H.-C. Hsu, C.-C. Chang, M.-P. Ling, L.-L. Huang, P.-W. Chen, K.-H. Chiang Jul 2020

Chinese Cooking With Ionic Seasonings May Enhance Migration Of Periluorooctanic Acid From Food Contact Articles, C.-F. Chiang, D.P.H. Hsieh, H.-C. Hsu, C.-C. Chang, M.-P. Ling, L.-L. Huang, P.-W. Chen, K.-H. Chiang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

With its desirable water and oil resistant property, perfluorooctanic acid (PFOA) has been used as a key chemical in many consumer products and food contact articles (FCA), such as non-stick pans, oil-resistant food papers, carpets, textiles and paint. PFOA has been detected at noticeable levels in a wide range of environmental matrices. The present study investigated the safety of migration of PFOA at high temperature from non-stick cooking pans (125°C) and oil-resistant food papers (100°C) under simulated Chinese cooking conditions involving food oils and ionic seasonings (salts, soybean sauce, vinegar, tomato sauce). Results indicated that, in comparison with using oil …

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Enhancing Health Literacy Through Developing Core Abilities Of Correct Medication Usage In Taiwan, H.-Y. Chi, J.-C. Chang, M.-K. Yeh, C.-F. Chen, J.-J. Kang, H.-W. Ting Jul 2020

Enhancing Health Literacy Through Developing Core Abilities Of Correct Medication Usage In Taiwan, H.-Y. Chi, J.-C. Chang, M.-K. Yeh, C.-F. Chen, J.-J. Kang, H.-W. Ting

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The core abilities in correct medication usage was developed in Taiwan through the following stages: literature research and information collection, focus groups and experts meetings to discuss and develop core abilities, disseminate the education activities of these core abilities in 51 schools, and evaluative survey. Forty-four articles were abstracted for reference of voting in the focus groups. The most popular issues related to medication usage and safety were "medications provided by medical or pharmacy experts" and "how to take medications correctly". The experts meetings generated five core abilities of correct medication usages: ability to clearly express personal conditions to your …

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Antioxidant Capacity And Cytotoxicity Of Aesculus Hippocastanum On Breast Cancer Mcf-7 Cells, A.G.S. Celep, S. Yilmaz, N. Coruh Jul 2020

Antioxidant Capacity And Cytotoxicity Of Aesculus Hippocastanum On Breast Cancer Mcf-7 Cells, A.G.S. Celep, S. Yilmaz, N. Coruh

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Aesculus hippocastanum L. is a native tree of Asia. Its leaves, seeds and flowers have long been used in folk medicine and in traditional food ingredients. In this study, the bark, seeds, leaves and flowers as aerial parts of A. hippocastanum were extracted in ethanol. The antioxidant capacity of each part was determined for its 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging capacity, microsomal lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity and total phenolic content. Among all the parts examined, the bark extract of A. hippocastanum revealed the highest antioxidant capacity with an IC50 value of 0.025 mg/mL and 0.014 mg/mL for the inhibition of lipid …

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Inhibitory Effect On Human Leukemic U937 Cell Growth And Immunomodulatory Activity Of Germinated Brown Rice, S.-Y. Wang, C.-W. Chen, Y.-T. Lin, C.-Y. Chang Jul 2020

Inhibitory Effect On Human Leukemic U937 Cell Growth And Immunomodulatory Activity Of Germinated Brown Rice, S.-Y. Wang, C.-W. Chen, Y.-T. Lin, C.-Y. Chang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study was conducted to investigate how germinated brown rice (GBR) extracts stimulate human mononuclear cell (MNC) growth, secretion of cytokines (IL-1β, IFN-γ and TNF-α) and nitric oxide, and subsequently inhibit the growth of U937 cells. The results indicate that through the use of phosphate buffer solution (PGBR), alkali (AGBR) and ethanol (EGBR), the extracts had a significant inhibitory effect on U937 cell growth. Ultimately, the extracts produced an inhibition rate of over 50%. As the concentration was increased up to 1,000 μg/mL, the U937 cell growth inhibition for the three extracts surpassed 60%. The cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ) …

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Ineffectiveness Of Cholic Acid And Cyprinol Sulfate On The Toxicity Of Streptozotocin In Rats, D.-F. Hwang, Y.-H. Yeh, Y.-L. Hsieh Jul 2020

Ineffectiveness Of Cholic Acid And Cyprinol Sulfate On The Toxicity Of Streptozotocin In Rats, D.-F. Hwang, Y.-H. Yeh, Y.-L. Hsieh

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The possible effects of bile acid and bile alcohol on the visual acuity of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemia male Wistar rats were investigated. Forty-eight rats were divided into two groups, STZ and non-STZ, and intraperitoneally injected with STZ (60 mg/kg body weight in 0.6 mL of saline) and saline (0.6 mL) on day 1, respectively. After 4 days of STZ treatment, all the rats were tested for glycosuria and then divided into four groups. Each group had 6 rats and the rats were treated orally every 3 days with saline and the non-toxic dosages of cholic acid (37 mg/kg) and cholic …

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Implementation Of The Hazard Analysis And Critical Control Point (Haccp) System Of An Enteral Feeding System At A Private Local Hospital In Taichung Of Taiwan, S.-Y. Jin, F.-J. Tan, K.-S. Liu, C.-K. Wang, Y.-C. Shen, C.-Y. Chang Jul 2020

Implementation Of The Hazard Analysis And Critical Control Point (Haccp) System Of An Enteral Feeding System At A Private Local Hospital In Taichung Of Taiwan, S.-Y. Jin, F.-J. Tan, K.-S. Liu, C.-K. Wang, Y.-C. Shen, C.-Y. Chang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Enteral feeding system is one of the important therapeutic tools to prevent malnutrition for hospitalized patients. The microbiological index, including total plate count (TPC), coliform, E. coli, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus aureus., of an enteral feeding system at a district hospital in central Taiwan was evaluated. The elements of food, food residues in the feeding containers, feeding containers, luer connectors, feeding operators' hands, and working area surfaces were evaluated. A hazard analysis and critical control point system (HACCP) was applied. Various critical control points related to the sanitary conditions were selected and the corresponding corrective actions were taken. The microbial …

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Studies On The Antimutagenicity And Antioxidant Activity Of The Hot Water Extract Of Glechoma Hederacea, S.-T. Chou, Y.-R. Chan, Y.-C. Chung Jul 2020

Studies On The Antimutagenicity And Antioxidant Activity Of The Hot Water Extract Of Glechoma Hederacea, S.-T. Chou, Y.-R. Chan, Y.-C. Chung

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Several studies have demonstrated that herbal plants contain various potential antioxidants and these antioxidant components may be potential antimutagens or anticarcinogens. Glechoma hederacea belongs to the Labiatae family. According to ancient Chinese prescriptions, G. hederacea was used for treating diuresis and stimulating blood circulation. However, there are few reports on its biophysical functions to date. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant, mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of the hot water extract of G. hederacea (HWG). G. hederacea was extracted with distilled water at 100°C for 3 h. The antioxidant activities tested included α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) …

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Antioxidant Activity And Isoflavonoid Components In Different Sections Of Pueraria Lobata Root, T.-R. Chen, S.-C. Shih, H.-P. Ping, Q.-K. Wei Jul 2020

Antioxidant Activity And Isoflavonoid Components In Different Sections Of Pueraria Lobata Root, T.-R. Chen, S.-C. Shih, H.-P. Ping, Q.-K. Wei

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The isoflavonoids content and antioxidant activity in different sections of Pueraria lobata roots, including the root outer bark, kudzu root and whole root were investigated in this study. Isoflavonoid concentrations in P. lobata roots were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The antioxidant activity of P. lobata roots was assessed by total phenol content, DPPH free radical scavenging assay, ABTS free radical scavenging assay and reducing power. The root outer bark of P. lobata root possessed higher isoflavonoids content than whole root or kudzu root (p < 0.05). The levels of antioxidant potential of the root outer bark assayed by total phenolic content, DPPH, ABTS and reducing power were significantly higher than those of the whole root or the kudzu root (p < 0.05). The main isoflavonoids in all sections of P. lobata roots were puerarin, daidzin, daidzein, genistin and genistein. The major isoflavonoid puerarin in root outer bark exhibited the greatest antioxidant activity in P. lobata roots.

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Effects Of High And Low Molecular Weight Chitosan On Plasma Cholesterol, Glucose And Adipocytokines In Diabetic Rats Induced By Streptozotocin And Nicotinamide, H.-P. Chang, H.-T. Yao, M.-T. Chiang Jul 2020

Effects Of High And Low Molecular Weight Chitosan On Plasma Cholesterol, Glucose And Adipocytokines In Diabetic Rats Induced By Streptozotocin And Nicotinamide, H.-P. Chang, H.-T. Yao, M.-T. Chiang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Chitosan is known for its lipid-lowering effect. To investigate the comparative effects of low (LCS) and high molecular weight chitosan (HCS) on plasma glucose, cholesterol and adipocytokines, male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: normal control, diabetic, and diabetic fed the HCS or LCS diet for seven weeks. Diabetes was induced by subcutaneous injection of nicotinamide and streptozotocin. Results showed that diabetic rats fed the HCS diet had reduced liver weight and perirenal adipose weight, compared to those that were fed the control diet. Higher fecal triglyceride and cholesterol excretion and lower hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride contents were found …

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Effects Of Diethylcarbamazine (Dec) On Hepatocytes Of C57bl/6j Mice Submitted To Protein Malnutrition, S. W.S. Rocha, Oliveira Dos Santos, Silva B. Dos Santos, Torres De Cipriano, Ribeiro E. Lima, Barbosa K.P. Sousa, F. De Oliveira Gomes, Peixoto C. Alves Jul 2020

Effects Of Diethylcarbamazine (Dec) On Hepatocytes Of C57bl/6j Mice Submitted To Protein Malnutrition, S. W.S. Rocha, Oliveira Dos Santos, Silva B. Dos Santos, Torres De Cipriano, Ribeiro E. Lima, Barbosa K.P. Sousa, F. De Oliveira Gomes, Peixoto C. Alves

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Even though diethylcarbamazine (DEC) is widely used in the treatment for filaricide, its pharmacological potential is little explored. Protein malnutrition is highly incident in many populations in developing and under-developed countries and some of these populations are affected by lymphatic filariasis. The objective of the present study was to analyze the DEC effect in the hepatocytes of malnourished mice. Forty-eight male C57BL/6 mice were separated into groups: a control group (C, D25 and D50) and a malnourished group (M, MD25 and MD50). After being induced to malnutrition, the mice were submitted to 12 days of treatment with DEC solutions in …

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Modulation Of Proinflammatory Cytokines By Red Mold Dioscorea Ethanol Extract In Radioactive Cobalt-60 Exposure, C.-C. Huang, B.-Y. Ho, T.-M. Pan Jul 2020

Modulation Of Proinflammatory Cytokines By Red Mold Dioscorea Ethanol Extract In Radioactive Cobalt-60 Exposure, C.-C. Huang, B.-Y. Ho, T.-M. Pan

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Monascus-fermented products offer valuable therapeutic benefits and have been extensively used in East Asia. Secondary polyketide metabolites of Monascus, including monacolin K (MK), ankaflavin (AK) and monascin (MS), have been reported to have antioxidation, antiinflammation and tumor metastasis suppression effects. This study investigated the attenuation of radiation-induced proinflammatory cytokines overexpression by ethanol extract of red mold dioscorea (RMDE). We used the B16-F0 melanoma cell line to establish an animal radiotherapy model and serum proinflammatory cytokines (i.e. TNF-a, IL-1b and IL-6) were analyzed. RAW 264.7 cells were pre-treated with different pure compounds [AK, MS and citrinin (CT)] of RMDE and irradiation …

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Cytotoxicity, Anti-Platelet Aggregation Assay And Chemical Components Analysis Of Thirty-Eight Kinds Of Essential Oils, H.-F. Yen, S.-Y. Wang, C.-C. Wu, W.-Y. Lin, T.-Y. Wu, F.-R. Chang, C.-K. Wang Jul 2020

Cytotoxicity, Anti-Platelet Aggregation Assay And Chemical Components Analysis Of Thirty-Eight Kinds Of Essential Oils, H.-F. Yen, S.-Y. Wang, C.-C. Wu, W.-Y. Lin, T.-Y. Wu, F.-R. Chang, C.-K. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Thirty-eight essential oils (EOs), including 4 products from Taiwan high-latitude trees, Chamaecyparis formosensis, Taiwania cryptomerioides, Cryptomeria japonica, and Chamaecyparis obtuse, as well as 34 commercial essential oils, were assayed on their cytotoxicity against 5 cancer cell lines and anti-platelet aggregation function. Two EOs from Juniperus virginiana and Santalum album showed significant cytotoxicity. Moreover, 2 EOs from Melissa officinalis and Piper nigrum exhibited moderate inhibitory effects on an anti-platelet aggregation assay. Some essential oils had been reported to contain cytotoxicity. However, the cytotoxicity of EOs from J. virginiana and S. album is revealed for the first time. To the best of …

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Simultaneous Quantification Of Five Compounds From Nauclea Officinalis Leaves By High Performance Liquid Chromatography, D.-W. Xie, Y.-H. Li, L. Zhao, G. Ding, S.-W. Yuan, J. Xu, W. Xiao, Z.-Z. Wang Jul 2020

Simultaneous Quantification Of Five Compounds From Nauclea Officinalis Leaves By High Performance Liquid Chromatography, D.-W. Xie, Y.-H. Li, L. Zhao, G. Ding, S.-W. Yuan, J. Xu, W. Xiao, Z.-Z. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A simple, rapid and validated method was developed for the simultaneous determination of five characteristic components, including three alkaloids (pumiloside, 10-hydroxy strictosamide, and strictosamide), and two flavonoids (rutin and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside), in the Nauclea officinalis leaves. The chromatographic separation was achieved with a lichrospher C-18 analytical column by gradient elution with (A) 0.1% aqueous phosphoric acid and (B) acetonitrile as mobile phase, with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was set at 30°C. Detection was carried out on a photodiode array detector at 226 nm. The method was validated for system suitability, precision, accuracy and linearity. The average …

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Photosynthetic Bioconversion Of Coenzyme Q10 Using Agrowaste Generated From Tobacco Biorefinery For Nonsmoking Applications: A Review, Y. Tian, P.A. Machado, H. Fu, T.-S. Hahm, C.-I. Wei, Y.M. Lo Jul 2020

Photosynthetic Bioconversion Of Coenzyme Q10 Using Agrowaste Generated From Tobacco Biorefinery For Nonsmoking Applications: A Review, Y. Tian, P.A. Machado, H. Fu, T.-S. Hahm, C.-I. Wei, Y.M. Lo

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

An effective processing was established to recover protein without nicotine from tobacco for alternative applications as the foundation for tobacco biorefinery. Solanesol, an intermediate compound for the synthesis of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and vitamin K analogues, was recovered from tobacco biomass, an agrowaste generated after protein separation. CoQ 10, a potent antioxidative dietary supplement, was produced using photosynthetic Rhodospirillum rubrum ATCC 25852 by submerged fermentation supplemented with tobacco biomass hydrolysate. The stimulation effects on cell growth (shortened lag phase, accelerated exponential growth, and elevated final cell concentration) and CoQ10 production (enhanced specific CoQ 10 content per unit cell weight) could …

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Diet, Nutrition And Chronic Disease In Mainland China, J. Chen, W. Zhao Jul 2020

Diet, Nutrition And Chronic Disease In Mainland China, J. Chen, W. Zhao

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In the recent 3 decades, along with the rapid development of national economy, dietary pattern and lifestyle have undergone significant changes in Mainland China. At the same time, the major causes of disease and death in Mainland China have shifted from predominantly infectious disease and diet-related deficiency diseases to overweight/obesity and other non-communicable diseases, including hypertension, stroke, coronary heart disease, diabetes, cancers, etc. The characteristics of the dietary change are the decrease of cereal and vegetable consumption and the increase of animal foods and oil/fat consumption; although the average Chinese dietary pattern remains a plant food based diet. These dietary …

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Purification And Concentration Of Antioxidative Dipeptides Obtained From Chicken Extract And Their Application As Functional Food, H. Nabetani, S. Hagiwara, N. Yanai, S. Shiotani, J. Baljinnyam, M. Nakajima Jul 2020

Purification And Concentration Of Antioxidative Dipeptides Obtained From Chicken Extract And Their Application As Functional Food, H. Nabetani, S. Hagiwara, N. Yanai, S. Shiotani, J. Baljinnyam, M. Nakajima

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In Japan, about 150,000 tons of egg-laying hens are discarded annually because quality of their meet is low. In order to add further value to carcasses of the spent egg-laying hens and utilize them, an efficient purification and concentration process for functional dipeptides in chicken extract obtained from these carcasses was developed in this study by combining ion-exchange chromatography and nanofiltration (NF) treatment. The functional dipeptides, Anserine and Carnosine, consisting of β-alanine and L-histidine (ACmix), showed a basic property and could be adsorbed directly onto a cation exchange resin. The ACmix were completely separated from other chicken extract elements when …

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Nutraceuticals, Functional Foods And Dietary Supplements In Health And Disease, F. Shahidi Jul 2020

Nutraceuticals, Functional Foods And Dietary Supplements In Health And Disease, F. Shahidi

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Nutraceuticals, functional food ingredients and dietary supplements are important for health promotion and disease risk reduction. Although a myriad of bioactives are known to render the expected beneficial effects, the mechanisms involved are varied and may work individually or collectively in providing the effects. For example, phenolic compounds are known to act as antioxidants or by mechanisms that are independent of their antioxidant activity. In addition, conjugation of bioactives with other active or inactive components may affect the activity of the resultant products. Therefore, conjugation of phytosterols with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was found to lower cholesterol in a mouse model …

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