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Public Health Expenditure And Health Outcomes In Nigeria And Ghana : The Role Of Public Policy, Ayomide Oluwaseyi Oladosu

SOC 605 Comparative Social Policy Research Project - Student Works

This study investigates the effect of public health expenditure and health outcomes in Nigeria and Ghana, captured by infant, maternal, malaria and HIV/AIDS mortality. It also uses the health expenditure commitment at the 1999 United Nations general assembly and the Abuja Declaration of 2000 to examine the role of public policy in this relationship. A linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship and effect of public health expenditure on health outcomes in Nigeria and Ghana. Although the findings disclosed a low public health expenditure in both countries, the Ghanaian case revealed a negative relationship, which was primarily insignificant, …

Terminating The Parental Rights Of Mothers With Disabilities: An Empirical Legal Analysis, Robyn M. Powell, Susan L. Parish, Monika Mitra, Michael Waterstone, Stephen Fournier

Missouri Law Review

A sizable body of scholarship indicates parents with disabilities – including physical, intellectual, psychiatric, and sensory disabilities – experience pervasive inequities that threaten their fundamental right to parenthood. In particular, compared to nondisabled parents, parents with disabilities are overrepresented in the child welfare system, receive inadequate family preservation and reunification services, and have disproportionate rates of termination of parental rights. Despite extensive legal and social science scholarship, however, there are no empirical analyses of judicial opinions to identify factors that predict termination of parental rights in cases involving parents with disabilities.

Investigating Microbial And Host Factors That Modulate Severity Of Clostridioides Difficile Associated Disease, Armando Lerma

Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Clostridioides difficile is recognized as one of the most important pathogens in hospital and community healthcare settings. The clinical outcome of infection of toxigenic C. difficile infection (CDI) ranges from asymptomatic colonization to fulminant pseudomembranous colitis and death. In recent studies, it has been suggested that a high proportion of nosocomial CDI cases are transmitted from asymptomatic carriers which might be acting as infection reservoirs. Understanding what causes the different responses to infection could lead to the development of novel prevention and treatment strategies. Although several explanations have been proposed to explain variations in susceptibility, understanding of the exact mechanisms …

Family’S Health: Opportunities For Non-Collocated Intergenerational Families Collaboration On Healthy Living, Jomara Sandbulte, Chun-Hua Tsai, John Millar Carroll

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

When a family is engaged in healthy living practices together, it enhances the quality of life for all individuals. However, when members in families are separated over distance, the everyday encouragement and support may shift and obstacles arise within the family. In this study, we investigate non-collocated family members’ practices of healthy living, their perspectives on their family’s healthy living activities, and what obstacles exist regarding collaboration on their family health. We conducted an interview study with 26 independently living participants representing “elderly parents” and “adult children” in a family dynamic. We present members’ practices and strategies for sustainable healthy …

Urgent Actions Needed To Better Ensure An Effective Federal Response, United States: Government Accountability Office (Gao)

Documents

No abstract provided.

Use Of Nanotechnology And Phytochemical Approaches To Investigate Boar Spermatozoa, Robyn E. Hadden

Honors Theses

Mass semen production for genetic conservation and large commercialization is considerably limited in the swine industry. Boar semen have specific features that prevent mid- and long-term preservation in cooling and freezing extenders, respectively. The success of long-term semen preservation in liquid nitrogen following deep-freezing, also known as cryopreservation, is drastically limited in swine farms. Meanwhile, the preservation of chilled extended boar semen has limitations due to the progressive decrease of sperm fertility potential during storage. With the ultimate goal of producing high quality semen for larger distribution, there is a need to investigate novel approaches to improve boar semen quality, …

Gender Integration In Social And Behavior Change, Debora B. Freitas Lopez, Sanyukta Mathur, Haley Brightman, Kathryn Berryman, Kamden Hoffmann

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This document is a review of recent social and behavior change-focused program literature focusing on the integration of gender considerations into health and non-health social and behavior change interventions. The review revealed eight promising practices: employing a gender perspective throughout the program cycle to improve outcomes; synchronizing gender strategies to ensure inclusion of men and women, boys and girls; addressing gendered health disparities that affect service use; reducing harmful traditional practices; ensuring community involvement and accountability for promotion of gender equality; considering gender during emergency preparedness and response; accounting for intersecting gendered vulnerabilities that influence health and development outcomes; and …

Nutrinews: November, 2020, Department Of Nutrition And Dietetics, University Of North Florida

NutriNews

This issue features Health Services and Events, 10 Easy Ways to be Healthy During the Holiday Season, The Role of Pancreatic B-cell function as the main cause for the development of diabetes in the South Asian population, The Connection between intuitive eating and disordered eating, Tips to make cooking your Thanksgiving turkey just as easy as eating it.

Management Of Acute Ischemic Stroke., Franziska Herpich, Fred Rincon

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: Concise "synthetic" review of the state of the art of management of acute ischemic stroke.

DATA SOURCES: Available literature on PubMed.

STUDY SELECTION: We selected landmark studies, recent clinical trials, observational studies, and professional guidelines on the management of stroke including the last 10 years.

DATA EXTRACTION: Eligible studies were identified and results leading to guideline recommendations were summarized.

DATA SYNTHESIS: Stroke mortality has been declining over the past 6 decades, and as a result, stroke has fallen from the second to the fifth leading cause of death in the United States. This trend may follow recent advances in …

How Small Cannabis Businesses Can Survive The Hurdles Of Ip Protection, Spencer Keller

Texas A&M Law Review

The current state of cannabis and intellectual property laws and regulations leaves small and emerging cannabis businesses at a distinct disadvantage compared to those in other industries. Those wishing to pursue cannabis inventions and patents face an uphill battle as cannabis research and development is nearly impossible to conduct legally. The difficulty in researching cannabis has pushed companies to move their research outside of the United States, leaving those growing businesses unable to corner their market in the cannabis industry. Complicating matters further are the overly broad patents that cannabis patentees are likely receiving as a result of market participants …

Assessing Disease Severity Of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Novel Graphical Interpretation Of Flicker Electroretinogram, Anjalee Choudhury, Jonas Moses, Victor Gonzalez

MEDI 9331 Scholarly Activities Clinical Years

Purpose: To assess the clinical value of reporting full-field electroretinogram (eg, flicker ERG) findings graphically to determine the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) within an office-based setting.

Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included and classified into varying degrees of DR based on presence and severity. Flicker ERG responses were recorded and compared between groups.

Results: Between the varying disease stages, significant differences in the mean magnitude and phase values were found. There was also a significant difference between the proportions of the magnitude and phase color-coded frequencies between groups of severity and threat to …

Vol 1 November '20 Full Issue, Donna L. Williams

Journal of the Louisiana Public Health Association

No abstract provided.

Vol 1 November '20 Cover, Publishing Information And Table Of Contents, Donna L. Williams

Journal of the Louisiana Public Health Association

No abstract provided.

Factors Associated With Acquiring Food From A Farmers Market And Community Or Home Garden Among Primarily African American Residents From Under-Resourced Neighborhoods, Jeanette Gustat, Yu-Zhang Lee, Taylor Johnson, Keelia O'Malley, Brian Luckett, Leann Myers

Journal of the Louisiana Public Health Association

Farmers markets (FMs) and community/home community gardens (C/HGs) can increase access to fresh fruit and vegetables (F/V). There are limited data on FM and C/HG utilization in African American, under-resourced communities. We explored factors associated with acquiring food from these venues. Methods: An interviewer administered, cross-sectional survey was conducted door to door in two, low-income, predominantly African American neighborhoods in New Orleans, Louisiana. Conclusions: Establishing FMs and C/HGs in low-income communities may be a viable strategy for increasing F/V consumption. Future research within low-income minority communities is needed to inform initiatives to reduce nutrition-related health disparities using FMs and C/HGs. …

Identification And Characterization Of Edible Cricket Peptides On Hypertensive And Glycemic In Vitro Inhibition And Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity On Raw 264.7 Macrophage Cells, Felicia Hall, Lavanya Reddivari, Andrea M. Liceaga

Department of Food Science Faculty Publications

Recent studies continue to demonstrate the potential of edible insects as a protein base to obtain bioactive peptides applicable for functional food development. This study aimed at identifying antihypertensive, anti-glycemic, and anti-inflammatory peptides derived from the in vitro gastrointestinal digests of cricket protein hydrolysates. After sequential fractionation, the protein digest subfraction containing the lowest molecular weight (<0.5 kDa), hydrophobic (C18) and cationic peptides (IEX) was found responsible for the most bioactivity. The cationic peptide fraction significantly reduced (p < 0.05) α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity in vitro, and also inhibited the expression of NF-κB in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. A total of 28 peptides were identified with mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) and de novo sequencing from the potent fraction. Three novel peptides YKPRP, PHGAP, and VGPPQ were chosen for the molecular docking studies. PHGAP and VGPPQ exhibited a higher degree of non-covalent interactions with the enzyme active site residues and binding energies comparable to captopril. Results from this study demonstrate the bioactive potential of edible cricket peptides, especially as ACE inhibitors.

Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization Studies, Azza Tagelsir Ahmed, Brian D. Hodgson, E. Angeles Martinez-Mier

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The problem of demarcated hypomineralization defects of the permanent first molars (molar-incisor hypomineralization [MIH]) has been an emerging issue for oral health professionals around the globe. Yet, the first set of US-based epidemiologic data on MIH took as long as 2 decades from the time when MIH was first described by Weerheijm and colleagues.¹ In response to the June JADA article titled “Prevalence of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization and Other Enamel Defects and Associated Sociodemographic Determinants in Indiana,” (Tagelsir Ahmed A, Soto-Rojas AE, Dean JA, Eckert GJ, Martinez-Mier EA, JADA. 2020;151[7]: 491-501), we attempt to highlight some of the challenges encountered …

Prevalence Of Brca1 And Brca2 Mutations Among Breast And Ovarian Cancer Patients In Northern Emirates, Zahra Ahmed Mohammed Saeed

Theses

Breast Cancer (BC) is the most common cancer and the second most cause of death among women. Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes confer high susceptibility to both breast and ovarian cancer. However, data on the prevalence of the BRCA1/2 mutations among breast and ovarian cancer patients is limited. The genetic component of breast cancer in the UAE is largely unknown and no study has evaluated the BRCA mutations status in breast and ovarian cancer patients in the UAE population. This retrospective study aimed to establish mutation frequencies of the BRCA genes in breast and ovarian cancer patients from the …

Mass Spectrometric Determination Of Retinol In Emirati Population, Israa Samir Mohamed Shawky El-Konaissi

Theses

This thesis is concerned with analyzing vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is crucial for several functions, including vision, growth, and cell differentiation. the main aim is to develop and validate an LC-MS/MS method for the determination of vitamin A in plasma matrix and use the new method for the determination of vitamin A levels in the obese Emirati population. Methods: A positive ion electrospray ionisation (ESI) LC-MS/MS method was used in the Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) mode for quantification. It involved i) LC-MS/MS, ii) a guard column together with C18 Ascentis Express F5 column iii) Internal standard, 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 (6, …

Tennessee Farm Bureau News - November 2020, Tennessee Farm Bureau Federation

Tennessee Farm Bureau News

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Vitamin D Supplementation On Lipid Profile In Adults With The Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Fatme Alanouti, Myriam Abboud, Dimitrios Papandreou, Nadine Mahboub, Suzan Haidar, Rana Rizk

All Works

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, with atherogenic dyslipidemia being a major contributing factor. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement to assess whether vitamin D supplementation (VDS) alleviates dyslipidemia in adults with MetS. Scientific databases (PUBMED, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform) and the gray literature were searched for randomized controlled trials of VDS, reporting on blood lipids. A narrative review, meta-analyses, sensitivity analyses, and appraisal of the risk of …

Eating Habits And Lifestyle During Covid-19 Lockdown In The United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study, Leila Cheikh Ismail, Tareq M. Osaili, Maysm N. Mohamad, Amina Al Marzouqi, Amjad H. Jarrar, Dima O.Abu Jamous, Emmanuella Magriplis, Habiba I. Ali, Haleama Al Sabbah, Hayder Hasan, Latifa M.R. Almarzooqi, Lily Stojanovska, Mona Hashim, Reyad R.Shaker Obaid, Sheima T. Saleh, Ayesha S.Al Dhaheri

All Works

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. The coronavirus disease is still spreading in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) with subsequent lockdowns and social distancing measures being enforced by the government. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of the lockdown on eating habits and lifestyle behaviors among residents of the UAE. A cross-sectional study among adults in the UAE was conducted using an online questionnaire between April and May 2020. A total of 1012 subjects participated in the study. During the pandemic, 31% reported weight gain and 72.2% had less than eight cups of …

Skeletal Muscle And The Maintenance Of Vitamin D Status, Mark S. Rybchyn, Myriam Abboud, David A. Puglisi, Clare Gordon-Thomson, Tara C. Brennan-Speranza, Rebecca S. Mason, David R. Fraser

All Works

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Vitamin D, unlike the micronutrients, vitamins A, E, and K, is largely obtained not from food, but by the action of solar ultraviolet (UV) light on its precursor, 7-dehydrocholesterol, in skin. With the decline in UV light intensity in winter, most skin production of vitamin D occurs in summer. Since no defined storage organ or tissue has been found for vitamin D, it has been assumed that an adequate vitamin D status in winter can only be maintained by oral supplementation. Skeletal muscle cells have now been shown to incorporate the …

Spatially Clustered Resources Increase Male Aggregation And Mating Duration In Drosophila Melanogaster, Er Churchill, Jr Bridle, Mdf Thom

School of Psychology

In environments where females mate multiply, males should adjust their behaviour and physiology in response to the perceived level of sperm competition to maximize their fitness. Evidence of such plasticity has been found in several laboratory and field studies, but little is known about the cues stimulating these responses in natural populations. One way in which males appear to assess sperm competition risk is through encounter rates with conspecific males. Such encounter rates may be driven by the spatial distribution of resources required by males (i.e. food patches or potential mates), which in turn affects local density. However, explicit links …

Return To Play After Isolated Meniscal Repairs In Athletes: A Systematic Review., Erica R Blanchard, Christopher J Hadley, Eric D Wicks, William Emper, Stephen B. Cohen

Rothman Institute Papers

Background: Meniscal tears are a common knee injury. Isolated meniscal tears are less common; however, unaddressed tears can be troublesome, particularly for athletes. There is currently a lack of data in the literature on athletes returning to play after isolated meniscal repair.

Purpose: To evaluate the return to play rate and time to return to play for athletes with isolated meniscal injuries.

Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods: A search of the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane electronic databases was conducted to identify studies that reported the time and the rate of return to play in athletes after …

The Impact Of Childhood Sexual Abuse On Adulthood Eating Disorders: When Healthy Eating Becomes Unhealthy, Audryn Andreoli

Theses and Dissertations

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; 2020c) estimated that approximately 3.7 million children experience childhood sexual abuse (CSA) every year in the United States. CSA is a significant issue associated with negative psychosocial and health-related outcomes, including eating disorders (Afifi et al., 2017). While there has been substantial research completed regarding CSA and eating disorders, there is a significant gap in the literature regarding Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) and CSA. The present study sought to determine whether CSA is a risk factor ON and determine the relationship between frequency of occurrence of CSA, sex, race, previous eating disorder diagnosis, …

Vitamin D Levels Affect Survival In A Bcr-Abl Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Mouse Model But Do Not Cause Vitamin-Drug Interactions, Kavya Annu

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

It is a well-established phenomenon that dietary components containing CYP3A inducers or inhibitors if co-administered with drugs that are CYP3A4 substrates lead to marked drug-drug interactions. Because vitamin D is known to regulate intestinal CYP3A expression and gut CYP3A expression plays an important role in pre-systemic metabolism of CYP3A drugs, we determined the impact of vitamin D (VD3) status on systemic exposure and efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents that are CYP3A substrates. We employed VD3 sufficient and deficient mice to perform pharmacokinetics (PK) and anti-leukemic efficacy studies.

First, using hCYP3A4 transgenic mouse model we evaluated the intestinal, hepatic and renal expression …

Force-Feeding Pretrial Detainees: A Constitutional Violation, Bryn L. Clegg

William & Mary Law Review

No abstract provided.

Characterizing Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Associations In Corn Inoculated With Soil From Till Or No-Till Farmlands, Catherine Defouw

Student Summer Scholars Manuscripts

Many crops have mutualistic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) associations that positively affect plant and soil health. AMF likely mitigates agricultural problems like topsoil depletion and compaction from tilling. The literature review on AMF associations under different practices showed the need for more studies. This project studied an AMF community's impact on soil quality and plant health in conventional till(CT) and no-till(NT) managed corn and soybean plants. Data was gathered from these fields in West MI, using field soil to inoculate greenhouse plants in normal/drought conditions. Three types of data were collected for each case: 1)AMF community via spore type and presence, …

Phytochemical Analysis Of Leard-Ngam Remedy And Its Composition, Saovapak Poomirat, Nuanjan Jaiarree, Arunporn Itharat, Chakrapanpong Threrapanithan

Asian Medical Journal and Alternative Medicine

Introduction: Leard-Ngam remedy (LG) has long been used for treating primary dysmenorrhea and balancing women’s health. It consists of twenty herbs. The quality test and phytochemical analysis are important for authentication and identification of the herbal products.

Objective: To analyze the phytochemical components of LG remedy and quantify the components

Method: Phytochemical components of LG remedy were analyzed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in order to identify and quantify the phytochemical components. Loss on drying, total ash, extractive value, acid-insoluble ash and toxic heavy metals determinations were used for quality assessment of LG remedy and its plant ingredients. Heavy …

Attenuation Of Interferon Responses In The Obese Host And Ramifications For Influenza Virus Evolution, Rebekah Reed Honce

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

The most insidious pandemic of modern life does not arise from an infectious agent but rather from malnutrition. With its global incidence tripling over the past three decades, obesity is a major public health concern. Obesity’s rising prevalence has also illuminated its impact on communicable diseases. Following the 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus pandemic, obesity was identified as a risk factor for increased disease severity and mortality in infected individuals. Obesity causes a chronic state of meta-inflammation with systemic implications for immunity, including delayed antiviral responses to influenza virus infection, poor recovery, and impaired immunological memory. However, the majority of …