Digital Commons Network^™

Sexual Behavior, Contraceptive Use, And Unmet Needs Among Unmarried Teenage Women In Uganda, Lawrence Were

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

At 25%, teenage pregnancy in Uganda is one of the highest in the world, and this has been mainly attributed to low contraceptive use and a high unmet need for modern contraceptives. Unmarried women aged 15 to 19 years in Uganda face unique cultural, ethical, financial, and legal barriers to the use of contraception. The purpose of this study was to investigate how sexual behavior, contraceptive use, and unmet needs among unmarried teenage women in Uganda aged 15 to 19 years are influenced by personal and environmental factors. Bandura’s social cognitive theory was used as a theoretical framework for this …

Socioeconomic Status, Benzathine Penicillin Prophylaxis, And Clinical Outcomes In Patients With Rheumatic Heart Disease, Christopher Sabo Yilgwan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the major cause of acquired heart disease and death for children and young adults in developing countries. Poverty and social disadvantage are thought to influence the clinical outcomes in RHD patients. Guided by the health lifestyle theory, this study assessed the relationship between socioeconomic status and clinical outcomes (heart failure events and mortality) in patients with RHD. It also examined how adherence to penicillin prophylaxis mediates the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) on clinical outcomes. Using the Nigerian database of the REMEDY study, this study was conducted with 243 participants using Poisson regression and logistic …

Federalism Complicates The Response To The Covid-19 Health And Economic Crisis: What Can Be Done?, Nicole Huberfeld, Sarah H. Gordon, David K. Jones

Faculty Scholarship

Federalism has complicated the US response to the novel coronavirus. States’ actions to address the pandemic have varied widely, and federal and state officials have provided conflicting messages. This fragmented approach has cost time and lives. Federalism will shape the long-term health and economic impacts of COVID-19, including plans for the future, for at least two reasons: First, federalism exacerbates inequities, as some states have a history of underinvesting in social programs, especially in certain communities. Second, many of the states with the deepest needs are poorly equipped to respond to emergencies due to low taxes and distrust of government, …

Exploring Aspects Of Science Literacy Demonstrated By Early Undergraduate Stem Majors Through A Manuscript-Style Writing Assignment, Samantha Lynn Jusino

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Over the past twenty years, scientific literacy amongst undergraduates has not improved despite their exposure to higher education science classes. Underlying mechanisms of science literacy development are poorly understood; however, exposure to authentic practices in science has been demonstrated as a means to fostering science literacy development. A unique approach to studying science literacy is through examining the three domains of the science literacy conceptual framework developed in this study, Science as Access, Science as Process, and Science as a Sociopolitical Factor and their components as they emerge through the process of writing a manuscript-style writing assignment. In …

A Contemporary Tale Of Two Countries - State Of Children In India And Pakistan, Arijit Ray

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Some common economic problems of the Indian subcontinent are its low per-capita income, major dependence on agriculture, heavy population pressure, chronic unemployment, slow capital formation, limited opportunity for human capital development, rising pollution, and heavy inequality in the wealth distribution. Each of these problems affects its children in its unique way, both directly and indirectly. However, some problems are human-made which directly affect its own existence. I focus on two countries in the Indian subcontinent: India and Pakistan, where such problems exist. In both societies, female children are valued less than male children, a common theme across many other countries …

Advancing Quantitative Understanding Of Escherichia Coli Concentrations In A Contemporary Mixed Land-Use Watershed, In West Virginia, Usa, Fritz Petersen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A scarcity of field-based research investigating the relationships between E. coli (fecal matter) concentration, suspended particulate matter (SPM; including size distribution), physicochemical parameters (water temperature, pH, SPC, DO, chloride) and land use practices and the importance of these relationships, particularly for human health, policy makers, and water resource managers, provided the impetus for this research. A 22-site, nested-scale, experimental watershed study design was implemented to investigate E. coli concentrations and the aforementioned relationships in a contemporary mixed land use watershed in the Appalachian region of the eastern United States. Results from a reduced (n=4 sites) study showed SPM in the …

The Role Of High-Fat Diets In Exacerbating Cognitive Deficits After Traumatic Brain Injury, Michelle A. Frankot

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can cause chronic psychiatric-like impairments that may be driven by inflammation in the brain. In the current study, inflammation was upregulated using a high-fat diet (HFD) to assess the role of inflammation in TBI-induced deficits. Rats were randomly assigned to receive an HFD or calorie-matched low-fat diet (LFD) for the duration of the experiment. After two weeks of free access to their respective diets, rats began behavioral training on the Rodent Gambling Task (RGT), during which they were allowed to freely choose to nosepoke in one of four holes in a standard operant chamber. Responses in …

Effect Of Western Diet And Caloric Substitution With Apple Pomace On Fatty Acid Composition And Gene Expression In The Hypothalamus Of Growing Female Sprague-Dawley Rats, Ayad Abdulhamid Alawadi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The hypothalamus plays a major role in regulating food-intake and energy-expenditure. Hypothalamic dysfunction implicated in neurodegenerative diseases is characterized by diet-induced neuroinflammation and energy dysregulation. Apple pomace, a waste byproduct of processing, is rich in polyphenols and soluble fibers, has the potential to ameliorate diet-inducing inflammation. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of Western diet and caloric substitution of Western diet with 10% apple pomace on brain fatty acid composition and gene expression related to hypothalamic function and health in growing female rats. Growing female Sprague-Dawley rats (age 22-29 days) were randomly assigned (n=8 rats/group) to …

The Boundaries Of Normative Law And Economics, Eric A. Posner

Coase-Sandor Institute for Law & Economics Research Paper Series

Normative law and economics remains controversial decades after its emergence despite its successes in legal scholarship and its similarity to influential approaches in economics. The reason is that many of its proponents have exaggerated its value for policy while discounting other methods, tainting the enterprise. Normative law and economics as a method of policy analysis properly operates within narrow boundaries defined by its four main premises: (1) welfarism based on unrestricted preferences; (2) unimportance of distributional effects; (3) unimportance of impacts on non-welfare values; and (4) rational instrumental behavior of affected persons. Scholars have made progress in normative law and …

Ranking For Good?: A Comparative Assessment Of The Performance Of French Corporations In Human Rights Rankings, Erika George, David Restrepo Amariles

Faculty Scholarship

This article proceeds as follows. First, it will define well-being and discuss the ways in which a range of human rights must be protected to promote well-being. Next, it will explain the ways businesses can impact well-being, for good or for ill. This will be followed by a discussion on the relevant legal and policy frameworks in France that regulate information relevant to the social and environmental impacts of business, including the Duty of Vigilance Law and the National Action Plan of France for Implementing the U.N. Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. Using examples of leading French multinational …

University Assessment Services, National Survey Of Student Engagement: College Of Applied Science And Technology, Seniors; 2020, Illinois State University

Student Success

National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) College of Applied Science and Technology Report. Administered by University Assessment Services, Illinois State University, to Seniors. 2020.

University Assessment Services, National Survey Of Student Engagement: Student Comments, 2020, Illinois State University

Student Success

National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) Student Comments Report on the question: "What one change would most improve the educational experience at this institution, and what one thing should not be changed?" Administered by University Assessment Services, Illinois State University, to First-Year and Senior Students. 2020.

University Assessment Services, National Survey Of Student Engagement: College Of Arts And Sciences, Humanities, Seniors; 2020, Illinois State University

Student Success

National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) College of Arts and Sciences, Humanities, Report. Administered by University Assessment Services, Illinois State University, to Seniors. 2020.

University Assessment Services, National Survey Of Student Engagement: College Of Applied Science And Technology, First-Year; 2020, Illinois State University

Student Success

National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) College of Applied Science and Technology Report. Administered by University Assessment Services, Illinois State University, to First-Year students. 2020.

University Assessment Services, National Survey Of Student Engagement: Wonsook Kim College Of Fine Arts, First-Year; 2020, Illinois State University

Student Success

National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) Wonsook Kim College of Fine Arts report. Administered by University Assessment Services, Illinois State University, to First-Year students. 2020.

University Assessment Services, National Survey Of Student Engagement: College Of Education, First-Year; 2020, Illinois State University

Student Success

National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) College of Business Report. Administered by University Assessment Services, Illinois State University, to First-Year students. 2020.

University Assessment Services, National Survey Of Student Engagement: College Of Arts And Sciences, Humanities, First-Year; 2020, Illinois State University

Student Success

National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) College of Arts and Sciences, Humanities, Report. Administered by University Assessment Services, Illinois State University, to First-Year students. 2020.

University Assessment Services, National Survey Of Student Engagement: Provost, Seniors; 2020, Illinois State University

Student Success

National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) Provost Report. Administered by University Assessment Services, Illinois State University, to Seniors. 2020.

The Impact Of Self-Efficacy, Teacher Mentoring And Administrative Support On Teacher Retention In Title 1 Schools, Holly Cwiklinski

Theses and Dissertations

Information Security Policy (ISP) compliance is crucial to the success of healthcare organizations due to security threats and the potential for security breaches. UNIX Administrators (UXAs) in healthcare Information Technology (IT) maintain critical servers that house Protected Health Information (PHI). Their compliance with ISP is crucial to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of PHI data housed or accessed by their servers. The use of cognitive heuristics and biases may negatively influence threat appraisal, coping appraisal, and ultimately ISP compliance behavior. These failures may result in insufficiently protected servers and put organizations at greater risk of data breaches and financial loss. …

Doctor-Patient Communication: The Experiences Of Black Caribbean Women Patients With Diabetes, Rosanne Paul-Bruno

Theses and Dissertations

This applied dissertation was designed to examine the verbal and non-verbal communication experiences of Black Caribbean diabetic women patients with their doctors, in order to provide a better understanding of the essential aspects of doctor- patient communication and their experiences as they managed their condition. Black Caribbean women have been disproportionately impacted by medical conditions such as diabetes. It has been a documented fact that minorities experience disparities in the health care system at different levels and doctor-patient communication is no exception. Poor doctor-patient communication has been known to hinder patients’ health outcomes, and therefore warrants such studies to increase …

Haitian Centenarians: An Undocumented Phenomenon, Erna Dasilma

Theses and Dissertations

A ceaselessly neglected phenomenon until recent years, especially in developing countries, centenarians bring unique wisdom, perspective, history and science to our society based on their lived experiences. Although there is a strong interest in the experiences of individuals who are over 100 years old, few formal research studies have been conducted concerning centenarians, principally in developing countries. One of the central goals of conducting this study was to bridge the gap in the literature when it comes to centenarians in less developed countries, given the lack of reported statistics, with emphasis given to those living on the battered, but resilient …

University Assessment Services, National Survey Of Student Engagement: College Of Business, First-Year; 2020, Illinois State University

Student Success

National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) College of Business Report. Administered by University Assessment Services, Illinois State University, to First-Year students. 2020.

Faculty Publications 2019, Lsu Health Sciences Center New Orleans

Historical Faculty Publications

This Faculty bibliography contains 841 publications.

Trust And Healthcare: A Qualitative Analysis Of Trust In Spanish And English Language Group Well-Child Care, Nicolas Muñoz

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Trust and healthcare: a qualitative analysis of trust in Spanish and English language group well-child care

Nicolas Muñoz, Patricia Nogelo, Benjamin Oldfield, Ada Fenick, Marjorie Rosenthal

Yale Pediatric Primary Care Center and Yale Clinic for Hispanic Children,

Department of Pediatrics

Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT

Background: Trust, in the healthcare setting, is defined as the optimistic belief that providers and systems serve patient’s best interest. It is a multidimensional concept including competence, and value congruence, and exists due to patient vulnerability. Trust has been demonstrated to impact healthcare utilization. In pediatric patients, trust is key for strong …

Revision Of The Eocene 'Platyrhina' Species From The Bolca Lagerstätte (Italy) Reveals The First Panray (Batomorphii: Zanobatidae) In The Fossil Record, Giuseppe Marramà, Giorgio Carnevale, Kerin M. Claeson, Gavin J P Naylor, Jürgen Kriwet

PCOM Scholarly Works

The fossil-Lagerstätte of Bolca (Italy) is well known for the diversity and exquisite preservation of its bony and cartilaginous fishes documenting tropical shallow-water marine environments associated with coral reefs in the western Tethys during the early Eocene. In this study, the taxonomic, systematic and phylogenetic position of two batoid species traditionally assigned to the living thornback ray genus Platyrhina is re-evaluated. †Platyrhina bolcensis Heckel, 1851 is recognized as a separate species of the Platyrhinidae because of its plate-like antorbital cartilage with an irregular outline and a small horn on the nasal capsules. Also, the rostral cartilage does not reach …

Pixelated Scapegoat: False Connections Between Video Games And Violent Crime In America's Largest Cities, Matthew Segal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

For too many years, the public perception of violent crime has been viewed through the warped lens of media representations and reporting of mass killings, the likes of Columbine, Sandy Hook, and Parkland, while ignoring the body counts that rack up year after year in America's own cities. Many pundits and politicians declare cultural decay and glorification of violence in video games as the main reason for mass shootings. However, these same voices fail to take the explanation any further to explain the eruptions of violence that rack up thousands of lives a year in large metropolitan areas. The question …

Patients With A Left Ventricular Device And Factors Affecting Readmission, Diana Pitcher

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Patients with a left ventricular assist device have a high rate of hospital readmissions after their index (placement of left ventricular device) discharge. With these devices becoming more common providers of care must understand why this population is being readmitted in order to promote well-being and keep patients out of the hospital. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe characteristics of the hospital readmission. This research study was a retrospective analysis of aggregate data from 2013-2019 with a sample size n = 32. The summary of data was described with descriptive statistics. The data was grouped and …

Provider Reported Implementation Of Nutrition-Related Practices In Childcare Centers And Family Childcare Homes In Rural And Urban Nebraska, Dipti Dev, Aileen Garcia, David A. Dzewaltowski, Susan B. Sisson, Lisa Franzen-Castle, Zainab Rida, Natalie A. Williams, Carly Hillburn, Danae Dinkel, Deepa Srivastava, Christina Burger, Emily Hulse, Donnia Behrends, Natasha Frost

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Approximately 15 million children under age 6 are in childcare settings, offering childcare providers an opportunity to influence children’s dietary intake. Childcare settings vary in organizational structure – childcare centers (CCCs) vs. family childcare homes (FCCHs) – and in geographical location – urban vs. rural. Research on the nutrition-related best practices across these childcare settings is scarce. The objective of this study is to compare nutrition-related best practices of CCCs and FCCHs that participate in the Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) in rural and urban Nebraska. Nebraska providers (urban n = 591; rural n = 579) reported implementation …

The Impact Of Responsive Feeding Practice Training On Teacher Feeding Behaviors In Tribal Early Care And Education: The Food Resource Equity And Sustainability For Health (Fresh) Study, Kaysha Sleet, Susan B. Sisson, Dipti A. Dev, Charlotte Love, Mary B. Williams, Leah A. Hoffman, Valarie Blue Bird Jernigan

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Background: Establishing healthy eating habits early affects lifelong dietary intake, which has implications for many health outcomes. With children spending time in early care and education (ECE) programs, teachers establish the daytime meal environment through their feeding practices.

Objective: We aimed to determine the effect of a teacher-focused intervention to increase responsive feeding practices in 2 interventions, 1 focused exclusively on the teacher’s feeding practices and the other focused on both the teacher’s feeding practices and a nutrition classroom curriculum, in ECE teachers in a Native American (NA) community in Oklahoma.

Methods: Nine tribally affiliated ECE programs were …

Emotional Support And Mental Health Among Somali Men In A Rural Midwestern Town, Julie A. Tippens, Gilbert R. Parra, Patrick Habecker, Kimberly Gocchi Carrasco, Arthur R. Andrews Iii, Angela L. Palmer-Wackerly, Virginia Chaidez, Jordan Soliz, Lisa M. Pytlikzillig, Kirk Dombrowski

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Perceived social support has been correlated with refugees’ positive mental health outcomes; yet, little is known about the perceived sources of support after secondary migration to new-destination rural towns. Somali refugee men (n _ 49) residing in a rural Midwest United States community were recruited using respondent-driven sampling to complete a self-administered structured survey in English or Somali using audio computer-assisted self-interview software. Questions assessed perceived sources of support, psychological distress, and happiness. Somali participants reported low utilization of both informal (30.4%) and formal (24.4%) supports when sad, stressed, or worried. Two thirds of participants reported low levels of …