Digital Commons Network^™

Coral Reef Case Study: Comparing Current International And Domestic Coral Reef Laws And Diving Into The Legal Inplications Of Countries Failing To Adequately Protect And Conserve These Ecosystems As Climate Change Worsens, Avery Douglas

South Carolina Journal of International Law and Business

No abstract provided.

Is Vegan Confectionary Sold In The United Kingdom Safe For Milk Allergy Sufferers?, Faye Harrison

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background
Milk allergy is the most common childhood allergy. Reading food labels is important to prevent an allergic reaction. By United Kingdom (UK) law, milk needs to be listed on the food label if it used as an ingredient. Products can be called ‘free from’ milk if manufacturers have undergone rigorous process and testing to ensure it is not contaminated with milk. Precautionary Allergen Labelling (PAL) like ‘may contain milk’ statements are unregulated and can be used at manufacturer’s discretion. Similarly, ‘Vegan’ products are not regulated by law and appear to be on the increase. Objective
The study aimed to …

Passacaglia And Its Related Forms: Before, During, And After 18th Century Baroque And Program Notes, Austin Han

Theses and Dissertations--Music

The purpose of this project is to inform readers of the importance musicology has in informing one’s own learning experience as a performer and listener. As an expression of this exercise, I’ve focused on the history of the passacaglia in Europe from its origins in Spain to its culmination in the music of Paul Hindemith (1895-1963). Through the process of learning about different renditions of passacaglia through musical analysis and comparisons with contemporary art movements and their legacies, I hope the results of what are shown displays an urgent appreciation for applying a more nuanced and openminded approach to the …

Zappa’S Remembrance Of A Forgotten Style: The Relationship Between Frank Zappa And Doo-Wop As Illustrated In Cruising With Ruben & The Jets, Benjamin Adamo

Theses and Dissertations--Music

One of Zappa’s many cherished styles of music was the doo-wop of the mid-1950s through the early 1960s. His love for the style culminated in 1968 with a poor-selling and often forgotten doo-wop record, Cruising with Ruben & The Jets. While the record earned little praise from critics and fans, Zappa considered it as a landmark of his early career, as evidenced in his autobiography. This thesis investigates Zappa’s relationship to doo-wop and “perversion” of the style as it culminated in Cruising.

As revealed through autobiographical entries and interviews with Zappa, Ray Collins, and other collaborators, Zappa devised …

Automated Fractional Snow Cover Monitoring From Near-Surface Remote Sensing In Grassland, Anai Caparo Bellido

Theses and Dissertations

Snow cover is an important variable in both climatological and hydrological studies because of its relationship to environmental energy and mass flux. However, variability in snow cover can confound satellite-based efforts to monitor vegetation phenology.

This research explores the utility of the PhenoCam network cameras to estimate Fractional Snow Cover (FSC) in grassland. The goal is to operationalize FSC estimates from PhenoCams to inform and improve satellite-based determination of phenological metrics.

The study site is the Oakville Prairie Biological Field Station, located near Grand Forks, North Dakota. I developed a mostly semi-automated process to estimate FSC from PhenoCam images through …

What The Covid-19 Crisis Is Telling Humanity, David Wiebers, Valery Feigin

Animal Sentience

The planet is in a global health emergency exacting enormous medical and economic tolls. It is imperative for us as a society and species to focus and reflect deeply upon what this and other related human health crises are telling us about our role in these increasingly frequent events and about what we can do to prevent them in the future.

Cause: It is human behavior that is responsible for the vast majority of zoonotic diseases that jump the species barrier from animals to humans: (1) hunting, capture, and sale of wild animals for human consumption, particularly in live-animal markets; …

Cultured Meat Could Prevent The Next Pandemic, Jonathan Anomaly

Animal Sentience

Wiebers & Feigin identify intensive agriculture and trade in exotic animals as the main sources of novel zoonotic viral infections. They recommend a transition away from meat. I would add that we would do well to invest in the mass production of cultured meat, derived from stem cells, as a radical alternative to animal agriculture.

The Relationship Between At-Home Reading Literacy Activities And Reading Literacy Scores Of Beginning Kindergarteners, Shera Chantel Caviness

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Approximately 33% of U.S. prekindergartners have trouble recognizing the English alphabet and their associated sounds. To compete and succeed globally today, children start early with English alphabet recognition and phonics instruction to develop fluent reading skills. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between parental recollection of at-home reading literacy activities of prekindergartners and beginning kindergarteners’ reading literacy scores. Vygotsky’s theory of social interaction and Piaget’s theory of child development provided the theoretical basis for this study. The key research question focused on the relationship between parental recollection of at-home reading literacy activities of prekindergarteners and beginning …

Sentience In All Organisms With Centralized Nervous Systems, Lori Marino

Animal Sentience

Mikhalevich & Powell (2020) argue for considering the welfare of invertebrates, especially insects, by asking whether invertebrates have the cognitive and neural characteristics necessary for sentience. This approach assumes that human neural and cognitive complexity is the basis of sentience. But insight might also be gained by turning this approach on its head and examining the notion that sentience may be a fundamental biological property, appearing very early in the evolution of life in all organisms with centralized nervous systems.

Understanding Teachers’ Experiences Implementing An Innovative Early Literacy Program, Stephanie Callaway

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The problem addressed in this study was the lack of effective literacy interventions for the development of reading skills for primary students who are at-risk for dropping out of high school. The purpose of this study was to examine early literacy instruction by exploring the insights and perspectives of primary educators who participated in a literacy intervention program known as the supporting literacy model. The conceptual framework was based on sociocultural learning theory and self-efficacy theory. The main research question for this qualitative multiple case study addressed the experiences of teachers and instructional coaches who implemented the supporting literacy model. …

No Room For Speciesism In Welfare Considerations, Jennifer Vonk

Animal Sentience

Speciesism should play no role in determining welfare outcomes. Cognition may vary within species as well as between species, but broad classifications such as invertebrates are functionally meaningless in this context. Cognition should relate to welfare only to the extent that it relates to the capacity to suffer or to experience pleasure.

Elephants At Work, Jamie Lorimer, Khatijah Rahmat

Animal Sentience

Baker & Winkler (B&W) propose rewilding Asian elephants in a model in which they are rescued, rehabilitated and then given work with their mahouts in ecological restoration and ecotourism. In a sympathetic critique, we explore the status that B&W’s analysis accords to work. Types of work and working conditions need to be differentiated. We caution against a model of conservation that would make the future of life conditional on participating in the workforce.

The Ever-Changing World Of The Paiute, Joseph Lent

Eastern Sierra History Journal

In this important article, Joseph Lent offers a counter-narrative to settler-colonial conceptions of what we now call the Eastern Sierra that derives its power from the oral histories of the Paiute nation.

Making The Past Present: Editor's Note, Char Miller

Eastern Sierra History Journal

For this inaugural volume of the ESHJ, editor Char Miller discusses the formative role that writer Mary Austin (1868-1934) has had in identifying many of the Eastern Sierra's key features, natural and human. This new journal hopes to add to the intellectual work that she launched, serving as a window into this complex, fascinating, and contested region.

"Advocate To Donate" How To Market An Environmental Nonprofit, Brianne Estrada

Whittier Scholars Program

This paper is about my journey as a marketing intern at Alturas Wildlife sanctuary in Costa Rica, an exotic wildlife rehabilitation animals, and sanctuary to house permanent animal residents where I stayed for thirty days to help come up with ways to push them to market themselves better. While I was there, I conducted interviews with volunteers and other interns that were there for veterinary research to discuss their interest in the sanctuary. I observed and noted a lot of actions that were done on the premise. I studied the sanctuary's mission and watched it in action as they rehabilitated …

The Impact Of Clinician Attachment Style On Burnout And Job Satisfaction: Introducing Mindfulness As A Mediator, Jill Marie Calderon

Theses and Dissertations

Attachment style is theorized to develop in childhood, as a result of the bonds that develop between child and caregiver. The research has shown individuals with an insecure attachment style are more at risk for job burnout and less satisfied with their jobs. This study proposed, mindfulness may be the internal process influencing the relationship between attachment style, burnout and job satisfaction. Mindfulness is defined as paying attention on purpose, in the present moment, nonjudgmentally and has found to be positively correlated with secure attachment styles. Additionally, mindfulness has shown to have a negative relationship with burnout and a positive …

Influences On The Development Of Ethical Decision-Making In Speech-Language Pathology Students: A Phenomenological Study Of Graduate Students And Clinical Supervisors, Joni K. Mehrhoff

Theses and Dissertations

Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) serve as members of the interprofessional team for complex patients. As such, SLPs are required to uphold ethical practices and respond to the needs of patients, their families, healthcare organizations, and the interprofessional team. Speech-language pathology graduates are part of the ethical healthcare team during clinical experiences. Yet, limited research is available to define the development of student ethical decision-making. The purpose of this study was to explore what influences SLP graduate students and clinical supervisors ascribe to in the development of ethical decision-making. Participants included five SLP graduate students and six SLP clinical supervisors from accredited …

Exploring The Metaphors Of Loyalty, Courage And Friendship In Harry Potter Novels And Their Turkish Translations, Yaser Hadidi, Fatemeh Zare

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

In studies on Conceptual Metaphor Theory and the Metaphor Master List scholars have come up with over the years, the metaphors (target domains) of loyalty, courage and friendship figure among very important ones. In this study, we undertake to explore these three metaphors in the Harry Potter series, as these three conceptual domains also happen to constitute three underlying themes in these novels. Cross-linguistic work in this regard is in its infancy and would benefit from ongoing research, because our knowledge of metaphors is only useful insofar as we can determine if a domain is universally and cross-linguistically also used …

Rewilding And Mixed-Community Collaboration In Conservation, Liv Baker

Animal Sentience

Rewilding is a psychological and sociocultural event for nonhuman animals that goes beyond the traditional framework of ecology. Elephants need to be seen as political agents in a collaboration. Our commentators shed light on the hierarchical assumptions and politics involved. Mixed-community collaboration can create dynamic and sustainable conservation interventions that are crucial to reconceptualizing the human-elephant relationship beyond the concept of labor. The profound effects of the Covid-19 pandemic have laid bare the fundamental vulnerabilities of the elephant tourism industry. Moreover, how well an elephant has been buffered by the fallout of the pandemic is dependent on the specific relations …

Minds Without Spines: Evolutionarily Inclusive Animal Ethics, Irina Mikhalevich, Russell Powell

Animal Sentience

Invertebrate animals are frequently lumped into a single category and denied welfare protections despite their considerable cognitive, behavioral, and evolutionary diversity. Some ethical and policy inroads have been made for cephalopod molluscs and crustaceans, but the vast majority of arthropods, including the insects, remain excluded from moral consideration. We argue that this exclusion is unwarranted given the existing evidence. Anachronistic readings of evolution, which view invertebrates as lower in the scala naturae, continue to influence public policy and common morality. The assumption that small brains are unlikely to support cognition or sentience likewise persists, despite growing evidence that arthropods …

Insect Sentience And The Rise Of A New Inclusive Ethics, David Baracchi, Luigi Baciadonna

Animal Sentience

Welfare protections for vertebrates are grounded in the belief that vertebrates are sentient and capable of feeling whereas invertebrates are not. We agree with Mikhalevich & Powell that the exclusion of small-brained invertebrates from bioethics is not warranted by the current state of the scientific evidence. The choice to promote protection for certain invertebrates should be based on the Animal Sentience Precautionary Principle (ASPP). This principle should not prevent us from conducting experimental research with non-human animals to advance knowledge. However, we believe that it is important to outline practical guidelines to manage the wellbeing of invertebrates, while accumulating further …

Overlapping Roles Of Nadph Oxidase 4 (Nox4) For Diabetic And Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agent-Induced Systemic Fibrosis-Animal Equivalent Dosing Of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents Supplementary Figure 1, Francesca Bruno, Joshua Deaguero, Catherine Do, Doug Yoon Lee, Chunyan Tan, G Patricia Escobar, Brent Wagner

The Kidney Institute of New Mexico

This is supplementary material for the forthcoming publication entitled “Overlapping roles of NADPH Oxidase 4 (Nox4) for diabetic and gadolinium-based contrast agent-induced systemic fibrosis”. This supplementary material utilizes a model for gadolinium retention and renal elimination of pharmaceuticals, interspecies allometric scaling to determine animal equivalent dosing, label dosing and published studies of varying and repetitive dosing of gadolinium-based contrast agents used to determine dosing of gadolinium-based contrast agents in our preclinical model. Supplementary Figure 1 demonstrates modeling plasma gadolinium-based contrast agent concentrations based on the Hirano Suzuki equation.

Software Is Scholarship, Houman B. Shadab

Articles & Chapters

This Article provides the first systematic account and justification of software applications as works of scholarship. Software is scholarship to the extent that software functionality is derived from scholarly research, software is used as a means to develop scholarship, or software is used as a medium to communicate scholarly ideas. Software applications are superior to articles and books for communicating scholarly ideas because software is not limited by the constraints of traditional written works. Software can communicate using a wide variety of textual components, graphical elements, and programmable interactivity that significantly enhance the ability to communicate scholarly concepts, arguments, and …

A Law-Themed Charter High School Born At New York Law School Remains Indelibly Linked, Amy Wallace

Articles & Chapters

It was a confluence of unrelated events at New York Law School in the spring of 2009 that led to the founding of the Charter High School for Law and Social Justice (CHSLSJ) in the Bronx, New York. Dedicated law school faculty members were crucial to the school’s launch and the law school, its law students and faculty continue to nurture this unique and reciprocal relationship. Professor Richard Marsico was the unstoppable force behind the founding of the charter school and its close connection to New York Law School (NYLS). This article details the origins of CHSLSJ, the current relationship …

Espad 2019 Ireland: Results From The European Schools Project On Alcohol And Other Drugs In Ireland, Salome Sunday, Sheila Keogan, Joan Hanafin, Luke Clancy

Books / book chapters

The ESPAD Ireland 2019 Report is the seventh Irish data-collection wave of the European Schools Project for Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) carried out in Ireland.Data included in the sample reported here and submitted to ESPAD Europe consists of survey results from 1967 students born in 2003, who were 15-16 years old at the time of the survey which was performed in a sample of Irish schools from March to June 2019. These serial data sets enable us to monitor trends in alcohol, tobacco, gaming, internet usage as well as a number of other behaviors including illicit drug usage such …

Decadal Heat And Drought Drive Body Size Of North American Bison (Bison Bison) Along The Great Plains, Jeff Martin, Perry S. Barboza

Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications

Large grazers are visible and valuable indicators of the effects of projected changes in temperature and drought on grasslands. The grasslands of the Great Plains have supported the greatest number of bison (Bison bison; Linnaeus, 1758) since prehis-toric times. We tested the hypothesis that body mass (BM, kg) and asymptotic body mass (ABM, kg) of Bison decline with rising temperature and increasing drought over both temporal and spatial scales along the Great Plains. Temporally, we modeled the relationship of annual measures of BM and height (H, m) of 5,781 Bison at Wind Cave National Park (WICA) from 1966 to 2015. …

So How Does Elastic Grammar Create Meaning In Children’S Literature?: Storytelling And Elastic Grammar In Haroun And The Sea Of Stories (1990), Inkheart (2003), And A Monster Calls (2011), Kate Lomas Glendenning

Theses : Honours

So why is grammar an unsung hero that rarely receives acknowledgement? And why do the first two sentences of this abstract start with coordinating conjunctions? This thesis will explore elastic grammar: a term I coined to recognise style devices that are traditionally thought of as grammatically incorrect but are used to create a deeper level of meaning within fiction. The analysis of the elasticity of grammar will be conducted through close readings of three children’s books and three elastic grammar devices. Since each novel’s primary focus is storytelling, this thesis analyses elastic grammar that relates to storytelling. The three elastic …

The Hope And History Debate In Fundamental Theology, David Patrick Collits

Theses

The hope and history debate in twentieth century Catholic theology concerned to what extent the object(s) of eschatological hope could be realised within history. Its context was the ‘secularisation of Christian eschatology’. On the one hand, Joseph Ratzinger, who was indebted to the philosophical work of Josef Pieper, considered hope’s object to belong to the realm of gift. He was sceptical of the extent to which hope could be manufactured by human means within history. On the other, Edward Schillebeeckx, Johann Baptist Metz and Gustavo Gutiérrez presented theologies of futurity, including political theology and liberation theology, in which the realisation …

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure And Chorioamnionitis Results In Microstructural Brain Injury In A Preclinical Investigation, Jessie R Maxwell, Tracylyn R Yellowhair, Suzy Davies, Danny A Rogers, Krystle L Mccarson, Daniel D Savage, Lauren L Jantzie

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

BACKGROUND: Prenatal Alcohol Exposure (PAE) impacts 2% to 5% of infants born in the United States yearly. Women who consume alcohol during pregnancy have a five-fold increased rate of Chorioamnionitis (CHORIO). Both PAE and CHORIO cause microstructural injury to multiple brain regions including major white matter tracts.

OBJECTIVE: Utilizing two previously established animal models, we hypothesized that the combination of PAE+CHORIO would result in greater deficits in myelination and structural integrity than PAE alone.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Pregnant Long-Evans rats voluntarily drank 5% ethanol or saccharin until Gestational Day 19 (GD). On GD19, CHORIO was induced in one group of …

The Reform Of The Compensation System For Ecological And Environmental Damage In China: Natural Resources, Environmental Enforcement, And Legislation, Weiyu Wu

Natural Resources Journal

The establishment of the Compensation System for Ecological and Environmental Damage promises to be a milestone development in China’s environmental regulations. Historically, China has used two main legal tools—direct regulation and public interest litigation—to cope with the ecological and environmental damage under its current environmental laws and management systems, but they are unable to effectively break the paradox of “polluted by the enterprises, suffered by the public, paid by the government.” China’s new Compensation System for Ecological and Environmental Damage is becoming a feasible method to comprehensively remedy China’s damaged environment by imposing negotiation and litigation against liable parties that …