Digital Commons Network^™

Establishing Rates Of Carbon Sequestration In Mangroves From An Earthquake Uplift Event, Severino G. Salmo Iii, Vanessa Malapit, Maria Carmela A. Garcia, Homer M. Pagkalinawan

Environmental Science Faculty Publications

We assessed the carbon stocks (CS) in mangroves that developed after a magnitude 7.1 earthquake in Silonay, Oriental Mindoro, south Luzon, The Philippines in November 1994. The earthquake resulted in a 50 cm uplift of sediment that provided new habitat within the upper intertidal zone which mangroves colonized (from less than 2 ha pre-earthquake to the current 45 ha, 23 years post-earthquake). The site provided an opportunity for a novel assessment of the rate of carbon sequestration in recently established mangroves. The carbon stock was measured in above-ground, below- ground and sediment compartments over a seaward to landward transect. Results …

Principal Component Analysis Of The Magnetic Transition In The Three-Dimensional Fermi-Hubbard Model, Ehsan Khatami

Faculty Publications

Machine learning techniques have been widely used in the study of strongly correlated systems in recent years. Here, we review some applications to classical and quantum many-body systems and present results from an unsupervised machine learning technique, the principal component analysis, employed to identify the finite-temperature phase transition of the three-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model to the antiferromagnetically ordered state. We find that this linear method can capture the phase transition as well as other more complicated and nonlinear counterparts.

The Role Of Activin A Signaling In Gastric Reflux-Related Diseases And The Progression To Esophageal Adenocarcinoma, Cedric J. Roudebush

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), or acid reflux, affects 6-9 million people in the United States. It is characterized by a reflux of gastric acid and bile salts from the stomach into the esophagus, causing injuries to the esophagus known as Barrett's esophagus (BE). BE is the main risk factor for the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), a devastating cancer in the esophagus whose molecular roots remain poorly understood. In recent years, evidence points to the esophageal epithelium itself as responsible for causing and promoting inflammation upon injury by gastric reflux, namely via an increase in inflammatory cytokine secretion. This project …

Application And Comparison Of Active Learning Implementation Methods In Biochemistry Education, Dylan Thibaut

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Biochemistry has continued to be one of the most complex and important subjects in science education. The purpose of this research is to investigate active learning implementation methods in a Biochemistry I context to determine the most effective means of preparing current science undergraduates. Two Biochemistry I classes over two semesters were analyzed in this study, with class A using a variable active learning schedule and class B using a consistent active learning schedule. Four aspects were analyzed to determine active learning validity: perception of different active learning properties, standardized final exam grades, class grade, and teaching implementation. The consistent …

Status Reports Of The Fisheries And Aquatic Resources Of Western Australia 2017/18. State Of The Fisheries, Daniel J. Gaughan, Brett Molony, K. Santoro

Status Reports of the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

The Status Reports of the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources of Western Australia (SRFAR) provide an annual update on the state of the fish stocks and other aquatic resources of Western Australia (WA). These reports outline the most recent assessments of the cumulative risk status for each of the aquatic resources (assets) within WA’s six Bioregions using an Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management (EBFM) approach.

Grain Yield, Crop And Basal Evapotranspiration, Production Functions And Water Productivity Response Of Drought-Tolerant And Non-Drought-Tolerant Maize Hybrids Under Different Irrigation Levels, Population Densities And Environments: Part Ii. In South-Central And Northeast Nebraska's Transition Zone And Sub-Humid Environments, Suat Irmak, Ali T. Mohammed, William Kranz

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Information and data on newer drought-tolerant maize hybrid response to water in different climates are extremely scarce. This research quantified the performance of non-drought-tolerant (NDT) (H1) and drought-tolerant (DT) (H2, H3, and H4) maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids response to grain yield, crop evapotranspiration (ETc), basal evapotranspiration (ETb), ETc-yield production functions (ETYPF), and crop water use efficiency (CWUE) at three irrigation levels and two plant population densities (PPDs) at two locations (transition zone between sub-humid and semiarid climates at Clay Center (SCAL), Nebraska, in 2010 and 2012; and in a sub-humid climate at Concord (HAL), Nebraska, in 2010, 2011, and …

Biosensor For The Oxidative Stress Biomarker Glutathione Based On Sam Of Cobalt Phthalocyanine On A Thioctic Acid Modified Gold Electrode, Mohammed Nooredeen Abbas, Ayman Ali Saeed, Mounir Ben Ali, Abdelhamid Errachid, Nadia Zine, Abdullatif Baraket, Baljit Singh

Articles

Self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of cobalt teraaminophthalocyanine (CoTAPc) was developed on thioctic acid (TA) dithiol modified gold electrode and electrochemically evaluated as a glutathione (GSH) selective biosensor. The CoTAPc-TA-Au modified electrode was developed by the covalent immobilization of the CoTAPc as the electrochemical mediator onto previously prepared gold electrode modified with TA (TA-Au) via amid bond formation with the carboxylic group of TA, producing well-organized SAM of the mediator. For comparison, another electrode modified with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) as a monothiol linker instead of TA was similarly prepared. The electrode surface modification was characterized using SEM, AFM, CV, and EIS. The …

Fp-19-18 Parental Bereavement In Mid- To Late-Life: The Death Of A Child After Age 50, Kagan A. Mellencamp

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

Fp-19-21 Resident Single Parents: Mothers & Fathers, Colette Allred

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

Interest And Its Development, Revisited, K. Ann Renninger, Stephanie Su , '11

Educational Studies Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Ante- And Perinatal Risk Factors And Neuropsychological Outcome: Exploration Of The Role Of Multiple Birth And Acid-Base Status In Preterm Born Preschoolers, Jamie Piercy

Wayne State University Dissertations

Increased attention to medical risk factors that precede or accompany preterm birth is necessary in order to better understand functional deficits in this vulnerable population. Children who are born preterm are subject to increased risk of neurodevelopmental deficits in the preschool years and beyond. As such, the current study aimed to gain a better understanding of the influence of two disparate biological risk factors, one antenatal and the other perinatal, on neuropsychological development. More specifically, the influence of twin gestation and low arterial pH (reflecting hypoxic risk) on neuropsychological outcomes was examined in a sample of preterm-born (before 34-weeks gestation) …

Giardia Lamblia Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins, Katherine Deheer, Kelly Dubois

Summer Research

Giardia are parasitic single-cell eukaryotes. While mostly known for causing giardiasis in humans, we are studying Giardia because they are evolutionarily close to the last common eukaryotic ancestor, so understanding their genome gives us information about all eukaryotic evolution. This project is looking at the specific proteins that are in the nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) of Giardia. These pores are what allow transport of biomolecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Though the architecture of NPCs is similar between eukaryotes, the specific gene sequences are highly divergent.

Functional Traits Explain Variation In Chaparral Shrub Sensitivity To Altered Water And Nutrient Availability, Reina L. Nielsen, Jeremy J. James, Rebecca E. Drenovsky

2019 Faculty Bibliography

Worldwide drylands are threatened by changes in resource availability associated with global environmental change. Functional traits may help predict which species will be most responsive to these alterations in nutrient and water availability. Current functional trait work focuses on tissue construction and nutrient concentrations, but plant performance in low resource environments also may be strongly influenced by traits related to nutrient budgets and allocation. Our overall objective was to compare trait responses in a suite of serpentine and nonserpentine congener pairs from the California chaparral, a biodiverse region facing nutrient deposition and future changes in precipitation. In a common garden …

Do Genetic Structure And Landscape Heterogeneity Impact Color Morph Frequency In A Polymorphic Salamander?, Maggie M. Hantak, Robert B. Page, Paul E. Converse, Carl D. Anthony, Shawn R. Kuchta

2019 Faculty Bibliography

Landscape heterogeneity plays an important role in population structure and divergence, particularly for species with limited vagility. Here, we used a landscape genetic approach to identify how landscape and environmental variables affect genetic structure and color morph frequency in a polymorphic salamander. The eastern red- backed salamander, Plethodon cinereus, is widely distributed in northeastern North America and contains two common color morphs, striped and unstriped, that are divergent in ecology, behavior, and physiology. To quantify population structure, rates of gene flow, and genetic drift, we amplified 10 microsatellite loci from 648 individuals across 28 sampling localities. This study was conducted …

The Routledge Companion To Medieval Iconography. Routledge Art History And Visual Studies Companions, Gerald B. Guest

2019 Faculty Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Medieval Khmer Society: The Life And Times Of Jayavarman Vii (Ca. 1120–1218), Paul K. Nietupski

2019 Faculty Bibliography

Jayavarman VII (ca. 1120–1218) is one of the best known Cambodian “Angkor” leaders, in part because he was able to unite the numerous small, fragmented Khmer Cambodian and Cham kingdoms of the day. He ruled his consolidated Khmer kingdom from 1181–1218, bringing the decentralized Khmer and Cham states together through political and military alliances. Religion, especially India-derived Brahmanism, or “Hinduism,” Mahāyāna Buddhism, and local Cambodian religion, was a key component of Khmer society. Over time different Khmer rulers endorsed one or more of the religious systems to their own advantage. Jayavarman VII was especially committed to Mahāyāna Buddhism, evidenced by …

Competition And Intraguild Predation Between Beetles, Pterostichus Stygicus (Coleoptera: Carabidae) And Centipedes, Scolopocryptops Sexspinosus (Scolopemdromorpha: Scolopocryptopidae), Michele E. Julian, Cari-Ann M. Hickerson, Carl Anthony

2019 Faculty Bibliography

Studying interactions between distantly related species is necessary to understand the complexity of food webs. Generalist predator interactions, such as intraguild predation (IGP) and competition, can alleviate predation pressure and weaken top–down control that predators have on lower trophic levels. Centipedes (Chilopoda) and carabid beetles (Coleoptera) are common deciduous forest floor generalist predators that may interact by competing for resources beneath rocks and logs on the forest floor, especially during dry periods when prey become confined to such microhabitats. We used laboratory and field studies to determine whether the carabid beetle, Pterostichus stygicus (Say), and the centipede, Scolopocryptops sexspinosus (Say) …

Interactive Effects Of Salinity And Inundation On Native Spartina Foliosa, Invasive S. Densiflora And Their Hybrid From San Francisco Estuary, California, Blanca Gallego-Trevar, Brenda J. Grewell, Caryn J. Futrell, Rebecca E. Drenovsky, Jesus M. Castillo

2019 Faculty Bibliography

Sea level rise (SLR) associated with climate change is intensifying permanent submersion and salinity in salt marshes. In this scenario, hybridization between native and invasive species may result in hybrids having greater tolerance of abiotic stress factors than their parents. Thus, understanding the responses of native and invasive halophytes and their hybrids to interacting physiological stresses imposed by SLR is key to native species conservation. We analysed how salinity, inundation depth and their interaction impact the functional traits of native and invasive cordgrass species and their hybrid (genus Spartina; Poaceae).

Resprouting Potential Of Rhizome Fragments From Invasive Macrophyte Reveals Superior Colonization Ability Of The Diploid Congener, Brenda J. Grewell, Caryn J. Futrell, Maria Iannucci, Rebecca E. Drenovsky

2019 Faculty Bibliography

Non-native aquatic Ludwigia species from a polyploid complex are among the world’s most problematic invasive plants. These emergent, floating-leaved species respond to disturbance through fragmentation of shoots and/or rhizomes, spreading rapidly by hydrochorous dispersal and posing challenges for invasive plant management. While recruitment of clonal aquatic plant species from shoot fragmentation is well documented, regeneration from rhizome bud banks, although common, often is overlooked. It is further unclear how interactions among ploidy and resource availability influence regeneration success of rhizome fragments. We conducted a full factorial experiment in aquatic mesocosms to compare trait responses of Ludwigia congeners differing in ploidy …

Functional Traits Explain Variation In Chaparral Shrub Sensitivity To Altered Water And Nutrient Availability, Reina Lee Nielsen, Jeremy James, Rebecca E. Drenovsky

2019 Faculty Bibliography

Worldwide drylands are threatened by changes in resource availability associated with global environmental change. Functional traits may help predict which species will be most responsive to these alterations in nutrient and water availability. Current functional trait work focuses on tissue construction and nutrient concentrations, but plant performance in low resource environments also may be strongly influenced by traits related to nutrient budgets and allocation. Our overall objective was to compare trait responses in a suite of serpentine and nonserpentine congener pairs from the California chaparral, a biodiverse region facing nutrient deposition and future changes in precipitation. In a common garden …

Creating An Outreach Story: Assessment Results, Strategic Planning, And Reflection, Amy Wainwright, Rosan Mitola

2019 Faculty Bibliography

Academic library outreach and student engagement initiatives often strive to connect students to learning spaces, resources, and experts. Librarians do this work to raise awareness of services and to remove barriers so students feel more comfortable seeking help. Additionally, these activities promote the academic library as a hub of engagement, innovation, and continual learning to various user groups. Unfortunately, because these learning experiences can often be unique or serendipitous, measuring how these efforts are contributing to the library’s teaching, learning, and research missions can be difficult. This paper focuses on how academic librarians can align their outreach to strategic goals …

Resprouting Potential Of Rhizome Fragments From Invasive Macrophyte Reveals Superior Colonization Ability Of The Diploid Congener, Brenda J. Grewell, Caryn J. Futrell, Maria Iannucci, Rebecca E. Drenovsky

2019 Faculty Bibliography

Non-native aquatic Ludwigia species from a polyploid complex are among the world’s most problematic invasive plants. These emergent, floating-leaved species respond to disturbance through fragmentation of shoots and/or rhizomes, spreading rapidly by hydrochorous dispersal and posing challenges for invasive plant management. While recruitment of clonal aquatic plant species from shoot fragmentation is well documented, regeneration from rhizome bud banks, although common, often is overlooked. It is further unclear how interactions among ploidy and resource availability influence regeneration success of rhizome fragments. We conducted a full factorial experiment in aquatic mesocosms to compare trait responses of Ludwigia congeners differing in ploidy …

Transcriptomic Signatures Of Experimental Alkaloid Consumption In A Poison Frog., Eugenia Sanchez, Ariel Rodríguez, Jose H. Grau, Stefan Lötters, Sven Künzel, Ralph Saporito, Eva Ringler, Stefan Schultz, Katherina C. Wollenberg Valero, Miguel Vences

2019 Faculty Bibliography

In the anuran family Dendrobatidae, aposematic species obtain their toxic or unpalatable alkaloids from dietary sources, a process known as sequestering. To understand how toxicity evolved in this family, it is paramount to elucidate the pathways of alkaloid processing (absorption, metabolism, and sequestering). Here, we used an exploratory skin gene expression experiment in which captive-bred dendrobatids were fed alkaloids. Most of these experiments were performed with Dendrobates tinctorius, but some trials were performed with D. auratus, D. leucomelas and Allobates femoralis to explore whether other dendrobatids would show similar patterns of gene expression. Wefoundaconsistentpatternofup-regulationofgenesrelatedtomuscleandmitochondrialprocesses, probably due to the lack of …

Geographically Separated Orange And Blue Populations Of The Amazonian Poison Frog Adelphobates Galactonotus (Anura, Dendrobatidae) Do Not Differ In Alkaloid Composition Or Palatability, Adriana M. Jeckel, Sophie Kocheff, Ralph Saporito, Taran Grant

2019 Faculty Bibliography

As is typical of chemically defended animals, poison frogs present high variability in their alkaloid-based defenses. Previous studies have shown that geographically separated color morphs of Oophaga and Dendrobates species differ in both alkaloid composition and arthropod palatability. Here, we tested the generality of that finding by studying the alkaloid composition and palatability of geographically separated blue and orange morphs of the splash-backed poison frog, Adelphobates galactonotus. We identified and quantified the alkaloid composition of each individual frog using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and evaluated the palatability of individual secretions to arthropods conducting feeding trials with Drosophila melanogaster. Despite their conspicuous …

When Is A Lineage A Species? A Case Study In Myxacorys Gen. Nov. (Synechococcales: Cyanobacteria) With The Description Of Two New Species From The Americas, Nicole Pietrasiak, Karina Osorio-Santos, Sergei Shalygin, Michael Martin, Jeffrey R. Johansen

2019 Faculty Bibliography

Soil cyanobacteria are crucial components of biological soil crusts and carry out many functions in dryland ecosystems. Despite this importance, their taxonomy and population genetics remain poorly known. We isolated 42 strains of simple filamentous cyanobacteria previously identified as Pseudophormidium hollerbachianum from 26 desert locations in the North and South America and characterized these strains using a total evidence approach, that is, using both morphological and molecular data to arrive at taxonomic decisions. Based on a phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, we propose and characterize Myxacorys gen. nov. with two new species Myxacorys chilensis, the generitype, and M. …

Taxonomic Resolution Of The Genus Cyanothece (Chroococcales, Cyanobacteria), With A Treatment On Gloeothece And Three New Genera, Crocosphaera, Rippkaea, And Zehria, Jan Mares, Jeffrey R. Johansen, Tomas Hauer, Jan Zima Jr., Stefano Ventura, Oana Cuzman, Bruno Tiribilli, Jan Kastovsky

2019 Faculty Bibliography

The systematics of single‐celled cyanobacteria represents a major challenge due to morphological convergence and application of various taxonomic concepts. The genus Cyanothece is one of the most problematic cases, as the name has been applied to oval‐shaped coccoid cyanobacteria lacking sheaths with little regard to their phylogenetic position and details of morphology and ultrastructure. Hereby we analyze an extensive set of complementary genetic and phenotypic evidence to disentangle the relationships among these cyanobacteria. We provide diagnostic characters to separate the known genera Cyanothece, Gloeothece, and Aphanothece, and provide a valid description for Crocosphaera gen. nov. We describe two new genera, …

"Mentoring Is Ethical, Right?": Women Graduate Students And Faculty In Science And Engineering Speak Out, Laura Gelles, Idalis Villanueva, Marialuisa Di Stefano

Engineering Education Faculty Publications

The relationship between graduate students and their research advisors within academia is pivotal to the development and success of the research enterprise. Graduate students rely on their faculty advisor to be a source of information, a departmental negotiator, and a role model to guide their professional and ethical behavior. However, if an advisor does not fully recognize a student’s best interest or they are unaware of how to be an “ethical mentor”, they may overlook the unique social capital of the graduate student (e.g., background, culture) and jeopardize the research relationship. This work aims to explore how women graduate students …

Progress Toward The Synthesis Of An Oxazolidinone Antibacterial Agent Incorporating A Bicyclo[1.1.1]Pentane (Bcp) Ring System, Evamarie Medendorp, Michael Barbachyn

Summer Research

The phenyloxazolidinones, exemplified by linezolid (1, marketed as Zyvox™), have emerged as useful antibacterial agents for treating a variety of infections caused by problematic Gram-positive bacteria. 1 Another clinical phenyloxazolidinone with somewhat improved potency and safety properties is PNU-288034 (2). 2 PNU288034 incorporates a 1,1-dioxothiomorpholine ring system and an additional fluorine atom.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Do Not Affect Tree Swallow Stress Levels, Bradley D. Scholten, Abigail R. Olen, Margaret E. Caulfield, Darren S. Proppe

Summer Research

• Movement and anthropogenic noise can cause physiologic stress in animals. Unmanned aerial vehicles, such as drones, are becoming widespread in society, and in biological field research. As drones become more commonplace, they are invading the same airspace as birds.
• There is little information on how drones affect wildlife, specifically birds, and if they cause any physiological response or stress. This study sought to answer these questions by flying a drone over the nest boxes of tree swallows (TRES; Tachycineta bicolor). Stress levels will be measured by comparing corticosterone (CORT) levels and telomere lengths from before and after birds received either …

Winter Commencement, 2019, Marshall University

Marshall University Commencement

Program for the One Hundred Eighty-third Commencement of Marshall University, Saturday, December 14, 2019, 10:00 am. held at the Big Sandy Superstore Arena in Huntington, West Virginia.