Digital Commons Network^™

Dynamic Effects Of Habituation And Novelty Detection On Newborn Event Related Potentials, Cathryn S. Cortesa, Caitlin M Hudac, Dennis Molfese

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

Newborns habituate to repeated auditory stimuli, and discriminate syllables, generating opportunities for early language learning. This study investigated trial-by-trial changes in newborn electrophysiological responses to auditory speech syllables as an index of habituation and novelty detection. Auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 16 term newborn infants, aged 1–3 days, in response to monosyllabic speech syllables presented during habituation and novelty detection tasks. Multilevel models demonstrated that newborns habituated to repeated auditory syllables, as ERP amplitude attenuated for a late-latency component over successive trials. Subsequently, during the novelty detection task, earlyand late-latency component amplitudes decreased over successive trials for novel …

Concussion Competencies: A Training Model For School-Based Concussion Management, Arthur C. Maerlender, Jonathan D. Lichtenstein, Jennifer Parent-Nichols, Kate Higgins, Peggy Reisher

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

This study reports on the use of ten knowledge competencies related to the behavioral management of concussion in schools. Trainings using these competencies as learning objectives were delivered to school personnel. This aims of the use of competencies in this way are to streamline the education of key stakeholders, to establish clear roles and responsibilities for constituents and equip individuals working with students following a concussion with the relevant knowledge to optimize outcomes. The majority of participants, primarily speech language pathologists working as related service providers in the schoolswhere the trainings occurred, judged the use of the competencies to be …

Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of Two Computerized Neuropsychological Test Batteries: Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment And Cognitive Test (Impact) And C3 Logix, Caitlin Masterson, Julie Tuttle, Arthur C. Maerlender

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

Introduction: Tests of memory and speed of cognitive and motor responses have been the primary foci in sports-related concussion assessment. This study sought to assess the construct validity of neuropsychological tests within C3 Logix.

Method: Results of both baseline C3 Logix and the Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Test (ImPACT) computerized tests from 86 Division I collegiate athletes were submitted to a two-factor confirmatory analysis using structural equation modeling. The two factors of Speed and Memory have been confirmed in previous studies of ImPACT.

Results: Results confirmed the two-factor model of ImPACT, whereas C3 Logix did not …

Functional Source Separation For Eeg-Fmri Fusion: Application To Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials, Hong Ji, Badong Chen, Nathan M. Petro, Zejian Yuan, Nanning Zheng, Andreas Keil

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

Neurorobotics is one of the most ambitious fields in robotics, driving integration of interdisciplinary data and knowledge. One of the most productive areas of interdisciplinary research in this area has been the implementation of biologically-inspired mechanisms in the development of autonomous systems. Specifically, enabling such systems to display adaptive behavior such as learning from good and bad outcomes, has been achieved by quantifying and understanding the neural mechanisms of the brain networks mediating adaptive behaviors in humans and animals. For example, associative learning from aversive or dangerous outcomes is crucial for an autonomous system, to avoid dangerous situations in the …

Identification Of Climate And Genetic Factors That Control Fat Content And Fatty Acid Composition Of Theobroma Cacao L. Beans, Guiliana M. Mustiga, Joe Morrissey, Joseph Conrad Stack, Ashley Duval, Stefan Royaert, Johannes Jansen, Carolina Bizzotto, Cristiano Villela-Dias, Linkai Mei, Edgar B. Cahoon, Ed Seguine, Jean Philippe Marelli, Juan Carlos Motamayor

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

The main ingredients of chocolate are usually cocoa powder, cocoa butter, and sugar. Both the powder and the butter are extracted from the beans of the cacao tree (Theobroma cacao L.). The cocoa butter represents the fat in the beans and possesses a unique fatty acid profile that results in chocolate’s characteristic texture and mouthfeel. Here, we used a linkage mapping population and phenotypic data of 3,292 samples from 420 progeny which led to the identification of 27 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for fatty acid composition and six QTLs for fat content. Progeny showed extensive variation in fat levels …

Drought-Responsive Genes, Late Embryogenesis Abundant Group3 (Lea3) And Vicinal Oxygen Chelate, Function In Lipid Accumulation In Brassica Napus And Arabidopsis Mainly Via Enhancing Photosynthetic Efficiency And Reducing Ros, Yu Liang, Kai Kang, Lu Gan, Shaobo Ning, Jinye Xiong, Shuyao Song, Lingzhi Xi, Senying Lai, Yongtai Yin, Jianwei Gu, Jun Xiang, Shisheng Li, Baoshan Wang, Maoteng Li

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

Drought is an abiotic stress that affects plant growth, and lipids are the main economic factor in the agricultural production of oil crops. However, the molecular mechanisms of drought response function in lipid metabolism remain little known. In this study, overexpression (OE) of different copies of the drought response genes LEA3 and VOC enhanced both drought tolerance and oil content in Brassica napus and Arabidopsis. Meanwhile, seed size, membrane stability and seed weight were also improved in OE lines. In contrast, oil content and drought tolerance were decreased in the AtLEA3 mutant (atlea3) and AtVOC-RNAi of Arabidopsis and in both …

Fad2 Gene Radiation And Positive Selection Contributed To Polyacetylene Metabolism Evolution In Campanulids1[Open], Tao Feng, Ya Yang, Lucas Busta, Edgar B. Cahoon, Hengchang Wang, Shiyou Lü

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

Polyacetylenes (PAs) are bioactive, specialized plant defense compounds produced by some species in the eudicot clade campanulids. Early steps of PA biosynthesis are catalyzed by Fatty Acid Desaturase 2 (FAD2). Canonical FAD2s catalyze desaturation, but divergent forms can catalyze hydroxylation, conjugation, acetylenation, and epoxygenation. These alternate reactions give rise to valuable unusual fatty acids, including the precursors to PAs. The extreme functional diversity of FAD2 enzymes and the origin of PA biosynthesis are poorly understood from an evolutionary perspective. We focus here on the evolution of the FAD2 gene family. We uncovered a core eudicot-wide gene duplication event giving rise …

Two Distinct Nucleic Acid Binding Surfaces Of Cdc5 Regulate Development, Chao Wang, Mu Li, Guorui Li, Wensheng Zhao, Bin Yu, Junfeng Liu, Jun Yang, You-Liang Peng

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

Cell division cycle 5 (Cdc5) is a highly conserved nucleic acid binding protein among eukaryotes and plays critical roles in development. Cdc5 can simultaneously bind to DNA and RNA by its N- terminal DNA-binding domain (DBD), but molecular mechanisms describing its nucleic acid recognition and the regulation of development through its nucleic acid binding remain unclear. Herein, we present a crystal structure of the N-terminal DBD of MoCdc5 (MoCdc5-DBD) from the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. Residue K100 of MoCdc5 is on the periphery of a positively charged groove that is formed by K42, K45, R47, and N92 and is …

Comprehensive Analysis Of Aspergillus Nidulans Pka Phosphorylome Identifies A Novel Mode Of Crea Regulation, Liliane F. C. Ribeiro, Cynthia Chelius, Karthik R. Boppidi, Nisha S. Naik, Simin Hossain, Jessica J. J. Ramsey, Jyothi Kumar, Lucas F. Ribeiro, Marc Ostermeier, Bao Tran, Young Ah Goo, Leandro J. De Assis, Mevlut Ulas, Ozgur Bayram, Gustavo H. Goldman, Stephen Lincoln, Ranjan Srivastava, Steven D. Harris, Mark R. Marten

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

In filamentous fungi, an important kinase responsible for adaptation to changes in available nutrients is cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase A [PKA]). This kinase has been well characterized at a molecular level, but its systemic action and direct/indirect targets are generally not well understood in filamentous fungi. In this work, we used a pkaA deletion strain (ΔpkaA) to identify Aspergillus nidulans proteins for which phosphorylation is dependent (either directly or indirectly) on PKA. A combination of phosphoproteomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed both direct and indirect targets of PKA and provided a global perspective on its function. …

Determining The Effectiveness Of Drugs Using Ec50 And Mic Assays, Sara Knapp, Rachael Baker, Amy Wilstermann

Summer Research

• Antibiotic resistance comes from bacterial mutations in the antibiotic binding site (which prevents antibiotic binding)
• These new antibiotics target both DNA Gyrase and DNA Topoisomerase IV (fluoroquinolones)
• This improves efficacy because if one binding site is mutated, the other is still available
• This makes it harder for bacteria to form resistance against the drug

Population Structure And Genetic Diversity In Solitary Andrena Sp. Bees, Drew Van Andel, Sage Riley, Kelli Laube, William L. Miller

Summer Research

We evaluated the genetic structure and diversity of miner bees (Andrena sp.) in an area potentially impacted by agricultural land-use to assess possible effects on bee population health.

Non-Hemolytic And Hemolytic Group B Streptococcus: Interactions With Cells In Vitro, Olivia S Harlow, Ethan Houskamp, Natalie Anumolu, Shannon Manning, Erica Boldenow

Summer Research

• Group B Streptococcus is a leading infectious cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in the US1
• Ascending infection in the mother can cause adverse birth outcomes2,3
• GBS is defined as being beta-hemolytic, but about three percent of strains are non-hemolytic4
• Recent data suggests that non-hemolytic strains can also pose health risks to infants5
• Previously, we have seen that non-hemolytic strain GB37 displays hemolytic activity in liquid suspension
• We hypothesize that non-hemolytic strains cause inflammation, oxidative stress, and invasion/adhesion in cells similarly to hemolytic strains

Observations Of Shear Stress Effects On Staphylococcus Aureus Biofilm Formation, Erica Sherman, Kenneth W. Bayles, Derek E. Moormeier, Jennifer L. Endres, Timothy Wei

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

Staphylococcus aureus bacteria form biofilms and distinctive microcolony or "tower" structures that facilitate their ability to tolerate antibiotic treatment and to spread within the human body. The formation of microcolonies, which break off, get carried downstream, and serve to initiate biofilms in other parts of the body, is of particular interest here. It is known that flow conditions play a role in the development, dispersion, and propagation of biofilms in general. The influence of flow on microcolony formation and, ultimately, what factors lead to microcolony development are, however, not well understood. The hypothesis being examined is that microcolony structures form …

Measuring Levels Of Preparation For Decision-Making And Patient Satisfaction In A Breast Cancer Support Group, Catherine Hagan Aylor

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Final Clinical Projects, 2016-2019

The Carilion Clinic Breast Diagnostic Center diagnoses approximately 250 women with breast cancer annually, all of whom are invited to attend the Carilion Clinic Breast Cancer Support Group (CCBCSG). The primary aim of this project was to evaluate if participants with more frequent attendance of CCBCSG had increased levels of preparation for decision-making (PDM) and higher satisfaction with breast cancer treatment decisions. A REDCap survey was emailed to 137 patients who participated in at least one CCBCSG within the past five years, with a 39.4% response rate. The survey assessed levels of patient PDM, patient satisfaction about treatment decisions, and …

Methods For Managing Human–Deer Conflicts In Urban, Suburban, And Exurban Areas, Geoff D. Westerfield, Justin M. Shannon, Orrin V. Duvuvuei, Thomas A. Decker, Nathan P. Snow, Erin D. Shank, Brian F. Wakeling, H. Bryant White

Human–Wildlife Interactions Monographs

This monograph identifies challenges and benefits associated with many human–deer conflict mitigation actions as well as methods to monitor the response of deer populations to management actions. Deer exploit urban, suburban, and exurban areas where human populations provide anthropogenic attractants, either intentionally or inadvertently, which often leads to human–deer conflicts. Mitigating actions have varying degrees of efficacy and may not be effective or accepted in every situation. Wildlife and municipal managers must work together to seek methods to reduce attractants, mitigate conflicts, and perpetuate the conservation of wildlife species that adds to the appreciation of nature in our lives.

Graduate Scholar 2019: Journal Of Scholarship And Recognition, Graduate School Of Eastern Illinois University

Graduate Scholar

No abstract provided.

A Report Of Us Physicians’ Beliefs About Physician-Assisted Suicide And A Bioethical Analysis Of The Practice, Peter Theodore Hetzler

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

A REPORT OF US PHYSICIANS’ BELIEFS ABOUT PHYSICIAN-ASSISTED SUICIDE AND A BIOETHICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PRACTICE.

Peter T. Hetzler III, James Nie, Amanda Zhou, and Lydia S. Dugdale. Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.

The goals of this work were two fold. The first was to assess the beliefs of US physicians about the national legalization of physician-assisted suicide (PAS). The second was to determine the moral permissibility of PAS through a bioethical analysis. For the former, we sent a survey to 1000 randomly chosen physicians from around the US. For the last, we …

Science Club, Riha Karney, Brandon Vogel

Honors Program: Expanded Learning Clubs

Science Club is an after school program that explores different concepts and activities in scientific disciplines, such as biology, chemistry, and physics, and allows students to open their minds and curiosity to the constantly changing scientific world.

Drumming To Communicate Emotion: Dual-Brain Imaging Informs An Intervention In A Carceral Setting, Rahil Rojiani

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Drumming is an ancient nonverbal communication modality for expression of emotion. However, there has been limited exploration of its possible applications in clinical settings. Further, the underlying neural systems engaged during live communication with drumming have not been identified. We investigated the neural response to live, natural communication of emotion via drumming using a novel dual-brain neuroimaging paradigm to discover its unique neurophysiological mechanisms related to drum behavior and cross-brain coherence, and as compared to talking. We then investigated the application of a drumming intervention in an incarcerated, halfway house population to characterize intervention feasibility, elucidate the phenomenology of social …

"How It Works" After-School Club, Katharina Dvorak

Honors Program: Expanded Learning Clubs

This after-school club (intended for grades 3-5) will help students put their science learning in context by discussing how science (biology, chemistry, and physics) is important to our everyday lives.

An Analysis Of Tourism’S Impact On Our Modern World And Possible Solutions To Creating Sustainable Tourism Management, Morgan Hack

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

→ This is an in-depth analysis of how tourism impacts communities around the world, looking at four specific case studies, taking into account each nation’s human development index (HDI), population, location, and the number of tourists traveling to these destinations each year. The research concentrates on the strengths and weaknesses of each city’s tourist management practices, and then there are proposed solutions based on their needs and available resources. When talking about sustainable tourism, it is essential to understand it in terms of future maintainability. Sustainable tourism is defined as “tourism that takes full account of its current and future …

Graduate Medical Education Annual Report 2018-2019, Children's Mercy Hospital

GME Annual Reports

Annual report of the Children's Mercy Hospital Graduate Medical Education department, including pediatric residency, internal medicine/pediatrics residency, fellowship programs, medical students, continuing medical education, and library services.

3 Table Of Contents For Class Video Segments, Christopher F. Bauer

Information for Users

No abstract provided.

6 Keywords Searchable For Class Videos, Christopher F. Bauer

Information for Users

No abstract provided.

Translation Of Partially Decayed Messenger Rnas In Yeast, Ana Luisa Franklin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Flaviviruses are positive-strand single-stranded RNA viruses that are known to form pseudo-knot RNA structures that halt the progression of 5’→3’ exonuclease Xrn1. We show that these viral Xrn1-resistant structures (xrRNAs) can be used to protect specific homologously-expressed messenger RNAs from 5’→3’ degradation. We investigated the effects of addition of xrRNAs, artificially-installed into the intergenic region of bicistronic mRNA reporters, in the observed levels of protein expression in yeast. The reporters also contain an internal ribosome entry site from the cricket paralysis virus (CrPV IRES) to allow for cap-independent translation of the decay-protected gene, LacZ, encoding the enzyme β-galactosidase. Through …

"Femme Fatales Of Faith": Queer And "Deviant" Performances Of Femme Within Western Protestant Culture, Kelsey Waninger Minnick

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Women and queer folk are changing the religious landscape of Christianity in America, and the scope of visibility for these figures and their apostolic endeavors is widening as more and more Christians are seeking out communities rooted in doctrines of love and connection rather than exclusion and hegemonic piety. Thinking on this phenomenon, this dissertation focuses on the intersectional dilemmas of faith practice and rhetorical discourse with Western Christianity, particularly as it revolves around those female pastors and clergy - considered "dangerous" by many within the church - who are advocating for a more inclusionary church space. By conducting a …

New Insights Into Mycofactocin Biosynthesis, Structure And Function, Richard Selorm Ayikpoe

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Mycofactocin is a putative ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP)-derived redox cofactor. Its biosynthesis is accomplished through the dedicated actions of the products of six conserved genes, mftABCDEF. The mycofactocin pathway is one of the most widely distributed RiPP systems in bacteria however, this distribution is heavily skewed towards the Mycobacteria genus including human pathogenic variants such as M. tuberculosis and M. ulcerans. Gene expression studies have demonstrated the essentiality of the pathway in the ability of M. tuberculosis to utilize the host's cholesterol as sole carbon source during latency. However, the biosynthesis, structure and physiological function …

The Effects Of Art Integration On Math Achievement Of 6th Grade Male Students, Greta Mountain

Journal of Applied and Educational Research (2017-2019)

The United States educational system continues to cut back on art programing; however, international statistics report countries with a stronger art presence continuously perform at higher academic levels. Art integration provides multiple pathways through curriculums and enables engaging learning environment. Art integration refers to three forms of art collaboration: learning in core subjects with and through the arts, creating interdisciplinary connections throughout curriculums and collaboration engagement. When all three of these forms are combined, casual relationships with increased student achievement and higher levels of engagement are formed. This study examined the effects of art integration on math achievement on male …

How Science Has Influenced, But Should Now Determine, Environmental Policy, Jan G. Laitos

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

This Article makes the case that for environmental laws to succeed, they must reflect and conform to the universal scientific truths of nature. The mantra for policymakers is simple: successful environmental laws, as well as the policies that structure and cabin these laws, should adhere to the fundamental laws of the natural world and our biosphere. What are these universal truths? What laws, or rules, do physical, biological, and chemical systems all follow? Scientists have begun to unravel nature’s secrets, the principles which all natural phenomena obey, and which comprise nature’s master plan. This Article urges that our environmental policies …

Windmills Of Your Mind: Understanding The Neurobiology Of Emotion, Debra S. Austin

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

This article proposes that law students, legal educators, and lawyers will benefit from developing their neuro-intelligence, as well as their understanding of the impact of emotion and stress on performance, and the how building mental strength can empower their professional and personal lives. With greater neuro-intelligence, individuals can improve well-being and performance, and organizations can leverage healthy human beings to enhance capacity and innovation.