Digital Commons Network^™

Killer Apps: Vanishing Messages, Encrypted Communications, And Challenges To Freedom Of Information Laws When Public Officials "Go Dark", Daxton R. Stewart

Journal of Law, Technology, & the Internet

Government officials such as White House staffers and the Missouri governor have been communicating among themselves and leaking to journalists using apps such as Signal and Confide, which allow users to encrypt messages or to make them vanish after they are received. By using these apps, government officials are "going dark" by avoiding detection of their communications in a way that undercuts freedom of information laws. This article explores the challenges presented by government employee use of encrypted and ephemeral messaging apps by examining three policy approaches: (1) banning use of the apps, (2) enhancing existing archiving and record-keeping practices, …

Kindling The Fire: The Call For Incorporating Mandatory Mentoring Programs For Junior Lawyers And Law Students Nationwide, Katerina P. Lewinbuk

Saint Louis University Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Do Colleges And Universities Have A Duty To Help?: California And Massachusetts Lead The Way, Alberto Bernabe

UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

A Comprehensive Cybersecurity Defense Framework For Large Organizations, Willarvis Smith

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

There is a growing need to understand and identify overarching organizational requirements for cybersecurity defense in large organizations. Applying proper cybersecurity defense will ensure that the right capabilities are fielded at the right locations to safeguard critical assets while minimizing duplication of effort and taking advantage of efficiencies. Exercising cybersecurity defense without an understanding of comprehensive foundational requirements instills an ad hoc and in many cases conservative approach to network security. Organizations must be synchronized across federal and civil agencies to achieve adequate cybersecurity defense. Understanding what constitutes comprehensive cybersecurity defense will ensure organizations are better protected and more efficient. …

Board Of Pharmacy, Stephanie Mendivil, Bridget Fogarty Gramme

California Regulatory Law Reporter

No abstract provided.

Annual Reports For The Town And School Of Hampton Falls, New Hampshire As Compiled By The Town Officers For The Year Ending December 31, 2018, As Compiled By The School Officers For The Year Ending June 30, 2019., Hampton Falls Town Representatives

Hampton Falls, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Constitutional Cohesion And The Right To Public Health, James G. Hodge Jr., Daniel Aaron, Haley R. Augur, Ashley Cheff, Joseph Daval, Drew Hensley

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Despite years of significant legal improvements stemming from a renaissance in public health law, Americans still face major challenges and barriers in assuring their communal health. Reversals of legal reforms coupled with maligned policies and chronic underfunding contribute to diminished public health outcomes. Underlying preventable morbidity and mortality nationally are realities of our existing constitutional infrastructure. In essence, there is no general obligation of government to protect or promote the public’s health. Under principles of “constitutional cohesion,” structural facets and rights-based principles interwoven within the Constitution protect individuals and groups from governmental vices (i.e., oppression, overreaching, tyranny, and malfeasance). Structural …

Human Rights And Religion In Central And Eastern Europe, András Máté-Tóth, Kitti Sándor

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

In this article we try to delineate the mutual relationship between human rights and religion in the cultural region of Central and Eastern Europe (hereafter CEE).1 We will do it by using the theoretical framework "wounded collective identity" elaborated in recent years by András Máté-Tóth.

2019 Swosu Foundation 990 Form, Garrett King

Foundation 990 Forms

This is the 2019 SWOSU Foundation 990 Form.

Establishing An Enforceable National Standard For Bicycle Safety Equipment: Taking A Point-Of-Sale Approach To Lights, Bells, And Reflectors, Franklyn P. Salimbene

Transportation Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Could The Benefits Of The Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program Be Retroactively Curtailed?, Gregory Crespi

Connecticut Law Review

There is a sharp tension between the expectations that hundreds of thousands to millions of persons have or will have regarding their right to have their federal student loan debts forgiven under the Public Service Loan Forgiveness (“PSLF”) program and the legitimate public concerns regarding the large costs and regressive incidence of the PSLF program’s benefits. In 2017, the Trump Administration proposed abolishing the PSLF program for future federal Direct Loans, but this proposal was not adopted. A similar proposal was made in 2019 as part of the Administration’s fiscal 2020 budget proposal, with little chance of adoption. But given …

Driving The Drug War: Difficulties With Proper Detection Of Thc And Measurement Of Marijuana Intoxication For The Purposes Of Dui Prosecution, Sage La Rue Zitzkat

Dissertations and Honors Papers

No abstract provided.

Qualified Immunity And The Clear, But Unclear First Amendment Right To Film Police, Doori Song

Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy

No abstract provided.

2018-2019 Annual Assessment Report, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

Assessment Center Reports

Annual Assessment reports produced by the SWOSU Assessment Center.

2018-2019 Student Engagement Assessment Model, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

Assessment Center Reports

Student Engagement Assessment Model produced by the SWOSU Assessment Center

The Lawyer As Accomplice: Cannabis, Uber, Airbnb, And The Ethics Of Advising 'Disruptive' Businesses, Charles M. Yablon

Minnesota Law Review, Vols. 1-106:1 (1917-2021)

No abstract provided.

Sanctuary Networks, Rose Cuison Villazor, Pratheepan Gulasekaram

Minnesota Law Review, Vols. 1-106:1 (1917-2021)

No abstract provided.

The Last Judicial Frontier: The Fight For Recognition And Legitimacy Of Tribal Courts, Robert J. Wild

Minnesota Law Review, Vols. 1-106:1 (1917-2021)

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Voluntary And Presumptive Sentencing Guidelines, Stephen Rushin, Griffin Sims Edwards, Josph Colquitt

Faculty Publications & Other Works

This Article empirically illustrates that the introduction of voluntary and presumptive sentencing guidelines at the state-level can contribute to statistically significant reductions in sentence length, inter-judge disparities, and racial disparities.

For much of American history, judges had largely unguided discretion to select criminal sentences within statutorily authorized ranges. But in the mid-to-late twentieth century, states and the federal government began experimenting with sentencing guidelines designed to reign in judicial discretion to ensure that similarly situated offenders received comparable sentences. Some states have made their guidelines voluntary, while others have made their guidelines presumptive or mandatory, meaning that judges must generally …

Children In Limbo: The Need For Maximum Limits For Juvenile Pretrial Detention, Rebecca Rosefelt

Minnesota Journal of International Law, Vols 1-28:1 (1992-2019)

No abstract provided.

Rethinking Police Rulemaking, Maria Ponomarenko

Articles

No abstract provided.

National Security And Economic Globalization: Toward Collision Or Reconciliation?, J. Benton Heath

Fordham International Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Public Policy Under The New York Convention - Bridges Between Domestic And International Courts And Private And Public International Law, Anthony E Cassimatis

National Law School of India Review

Controversy continues over the “public policy” exception set out in the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards. Claims are still made regarding the sharpness of distinctions between national and international law and private international law and public international law. Populist assertions of sovereignty have given these supposed distinctions even greater salience. A closer assessment of national and international law suggests, however, that the distinctions are not as sharp as some have contended.

Pilot Scale Evaluation Of E. Coli Filtration Removal From Stormwater Using Recycled Steel, Jason Neville

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Microbial pathogens are considered one of the most important pollutants in regards to surface waters such as coastal waters, rivers and urban estuaries. Escherichia Coli (E. coli) is a bacterial microorganism found in the guts of humans and some animals that if ingested can cause diarrhea, severe stomach cramps, and vomiting. E. coli carried by stormwater runoff can deteriorate water quality of receiving bodies of water. It is necessary to develop technologies to remove E. coli from stormwater runoff to protect surface waters and public health. The use of steel byproducts as an adsorption technology is an emerging stormwater treatment …

Mdl Immunity: Lessons From The National Prescription Opiate Litigation, Roger Michalski

Faculty Articles

Federal multi-district litigation (“MDL”) suffers from a massive blind spot that has largely escaped notice: it only selects cases based on “convenience,” “efficiency,” and the preservation of judicial resources. The statute does not take into account broader societal and governmental interests that can trump litigation efficiency arguments. One way to fix this blind spot is through the new concept of MDL immunity (a procedural rather than liability immunity). This doctrinal innovation would exempt cases by and against government entities from generalized MDL treatment. I make the doctrinal argument for MDL immunity informed by original data collected from hundreds of cases …

Affects Of Mental Health Limitations, Leadership Interactions, And Generational Diversity On The Morale Of Paramedics In Public And Private Emergency Medical Services, Mari Hadas

CUP Ed.D. Dissertations

Emergency Medical Services (EMS) employees are the individuals first on scene to care for people who are having the worst day of their lives. But, while they do that job and the hours after leaving that job are the meaningful moments that affect EMS employees. The purpose of this exploratory qualitative case study was to educate EMS senior leaders on the needs of their employees. The research question that guided this study was: How do mental health limitations, leadership interactions, and generational diversity affect the morale of paramedics in public and private emergency medical services? The sample consisted of 16 …

The Itunes Of Downloadable Guns: Firearms As A First Amendment Right, Sandra Sawan Lara

Catholic University Journal of Law and Technology

As society becomes more technology driven, legal issues continue to arise around the world. From privacy to national security, technology develops at a rate the law simply cannot keep up with. In the United States, one of the biggest legal issues is how the new risks technology brings will interfere with our individual liberties.

Technologies like three-dimensional (“3D”) printing have transformed everything from lifesaving surgeries to gun manufacturing. This technology has led to a whole new way of communicating via computer coding, with the online open source movement leading innovation by allowing for the sharing and editing of files freely. …

Accountability Of Algorithms In The Gdpr And Beyond: A European Legal Framework On Automated Decision-Making, Céline Castets-Renard

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

Automated decision systems appear to carry higher risks today than they ever have before. Digital technologies collect massive amounts of data and evaluate people in every aspect of their lives, such as housing and employment. This collected information is ranked through the use of algorithms. The use of such algorithms may be problematic. Because the results obtained through algorithms are created by machines, they are often assumed to be immune from human biases. However, algorithms are the product of human thinking and, as such, can perpetuate existing stereotypes and social segregation. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that algorithms …

State Hazard Mitigation Plans & Climate Change: Rating The States 2019 Update, Dena P. Adler, Emma Gosliner

Sabin Center for Climate Change Law

Between 1980-2019, the U.S. endured 250 climate and weather disasters that each cost more than $1 billion, resulting in a total cost exceeding $1.7 trillion. Climate change contributes to a variety of hazards including extreme precipitation, drought, sea level rise, storm surge, heat waves, and flooding, and this effect will worsen over time. While the onset of natural disasters may be unavoidable, forgoing the opportunity to plan for changing conditions and increasing risks puts citizens in the path of preventable danger. Further investing in pre-disaster preparation or other resilience-building activities can save considerable money down the road – and many …

Free-Movement Agreements & Climate-Induced Migration: A Caribbean Case Study, Ama Francis

Sabin Center for Climate Change Law

Climate-induced migration has become a global challenge. Climate change intensifies the frequency and severity of disasters, thereby increasing the number of people displaced by extreme weather events. Adverse climate impacts are already exacerbating patterns of human mobility, and will do so to a greater degree in the future. The Internal Displacement Monitoring Center (IDMC) reports that approximately 265 million people have been displaced by natural hazards since 2008. Over 17 million people were internally displaced by disasters in 2018 alone. While the majority of climate migrants are displaced within their home countries, many people are forced to move abroad.

The …