Digital Commons Network^™

Exploring Rural And Urban Go Nap Sacc Trained Child Care Providers Perceptions And Needs Regarding The Promotion Of Physical Activity And Healthy Eating, Kailey Snyder, Zainab Rida, Emily Hulse, Dipti Dev, Danae Dinkel

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Introduction: Early childhood is an optimal time to support the development of physical activity and healthy eating behaviors. As over half of children are cared for in family child care homes and child care centers it is crucial to ensure these behaviors are being supported in the childcare setting. One such process that supports provider’s education and implementation of healthy behaviors in the childcare setting is the Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment in Child Care (Go NAP SACC). However, after participation in Go NAP SACC, little is known regarding how to further support providers in their promotion of healthy behaviors. …

Rapid Growth Is A Dominant Predictor Of Hepcidin Suppression And Declining Ferritin In Gambian Infants., Andrew E Armitage, Schadrac C Agbla, Modupeh Betts, Ebrima A Sise, Momodou W Jallow, Ellen Sambou, Bakary Darboe, Archibald Worwui, George M. Weinstock, Martin Antonio, Sant-Rayn Pasricha, Andrew M Prentice, Hal Drakesmith, Momodou K Darboe, Brenda Anna Kwambana-Adams

Faculty Research 2019

Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia are highly prevalent in low-income countries, especially among young children. Hepcidin is the major regulator of systemic iron homeostasis. It controls dietary iron absorption, dictates whether absorbed iron is made available in circulation for erythropoiesis and other iron-demanding processes, and predicts response to oral iron supplementation. Understanding how hepcidin is itself regulated is therefore important, especially in young children. We investigated how changes in iron-related parameters, inflammation and infection status, seasonality, and growth influenced plasma hepcidin and ferritin concentrations during infancy using longitudinal data from two birth cohorts of infants in rural Gambia (n=114 …

An In Vitro Enrichment Strategy For Formulating Synergistic Synbiotics, Car Reen Kok, David Fabian Gomez Quintero, Clement Niyirora, Devin Rose, Amanda Li, Robert Hutkins

Food for Health: Publications

ABSTRACT Research on the role of diet on gut and systemic health has led to considerable interest toward identifying novel therapeutic modulators of the gut microbiome, including the use of prebiotics and probiotics. However, various host responses have often been reported among many clinical trials. This is in part due to competitive exclusion as a result of the absence of ecological niches as well as host mediated constraints via colonization resistance. In this research, we developed a novel in vitro enrichment (IVE) method for isolating autochthonous strains that can function as synergistic synbiotics and overcome these constraints. The method relied …

The Medicare Problem: A Solution To Insolvency, Oscar Castro

Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law

No abstract provided.

Investing In Justice: A Literature Review In Support Of The Case For Improved Access, Lisa Moore, Trevor C. W. Farrow

Commissioned Reports, Studies and Public Policy Documents

The focus of this report is return on investment (ROI) and social return on investment (SROI) research in justice.

There is a growing access to justice crisis around the world. Notwithstanding the prevalence of legal problems in everyday life, people do not have adequate access to the justice information, resources and mechanisms that they need to navigate the complexities of law. This gap in access to justice negatively impacts everyone. It also comes with significant costs – to individuals and societies.

Complicating this global crisis is a lack of understanding of the nature, extent, costs and potential solutions of and …

Post–Modern Epidemiology: When Methods Meet Matter, George Davey Smith

United States Public Health Resources

In the last third of the 20th century, etiological epidemiology within academia in high-income countries shifted its primary concern from attempting to tackle the apparent epidemic of noncommunicable diseases to an increasing focus on developing statistical and causal inference methodologies. This move was mutually constitutive with the failure of applied epidemiology to make major progress, with many of the advances in understanding the causes of noncommunicable diseases coming from outside the discipline, while ironically revealing the infectious origins of several major conditions. Conversely, there were many examples of epidemiologic studies promoting ineffective interventions and little evident attempt to account for …

Spatiotemporal Patterns Of Small For Gestational Age And Low Birth Weight Births And Associations With Land Use And Socioeconomic Status, Charlene Nielsen, Carl Amrhein, Prakesh S Shah, Khalid Aziz, Alvaro R Osornio-Vargas

Office of the Provost

In addition to small for gestational age (SGA) and low birth weight at term (LBWT), critically ill cases of SGA/LBWT are significant events from outcomes and economic perspectives that require further understanding of risk factors. We aimed to assess the spatiotemporal distribution of locations where there were consistently higher numbers of critically ill SGA/LBWT (hot spots) in comparison with all SGA/LBWT and all births. We focused on Edmonton (2008-2010) and Calgary (2006-2010), Alberta, and used a geographical information system to apply emerging hot spot analysis, as a new approach for understanding SGA, LBWT, and the critically ill counterparts (ciSGA or …

Improving Young Children's Learning In Economically Developing Countries: What Works, Why, And Where? Scoping Review, Jen Jackson, Syeda Kashfee Ahmed, Toby Carslake, Petra Lietz

Monitoring Learning

This scoping review responds to the increasing interest in improving early childhood education and care (ECEC) in economically developing countries. It examines available research in relation to the question: What effective interventions have been implemented recently in economically developing countries to improve children’s learning in the years before school? As much of the research underpinning ECEC interventions has focused on economically developed countries, it is timely to review available research about the effectiveness of interventions in the economically developing world. The ECEC interventions were categorised as Income supplementation (n=8); Parent-focused interventions (n=37); Child-focused education and nurturing care (n=35); Integrated interventions …

Testing Theories And Measures For Promoting Dietary Change, Shane A. Snyder

Psychology Theses - Archive

Many Americans do not consume enough healthy food and overconsume sugar and meat products. As a prominent food desert, this trend is particularly rife in Arlington/Ft. Worth, TX especially among low-income individuals. To obtain an understanding of this dearth in healthy eating, this research sampled a low-income population for focus groups (Study 1) and a longitudinal experimental study (Study 2). The focus groups explored the prevalence of the social cognitive theory, the prototype willingness model, and the extended parallel processing model components to preliminarily examine health attitudes and opinions of this group. The longitudinal study tested four health topics (how …

Non-Heme Iron Oxygenases: An Investigation Of The Protein Ligand Effects On The Chemical Reactivity In Miae And Cysteamine Dioxygenases, Philip Palacios

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations - Archive

Considerable research interest has focused on the non-heme oxygenase/oxidase enzyme family because of vast array of chemically diverse O2-depedent oxidations they participate in. For example, the bacterial multicomponent monooxygenases (sMMOH and ToMOH) are bacterial diiron enzymes that are involved in the oxidations of simple carbon sources (methane and toluene) for nutrition and other cellular cycles. Investigations of the BMM systems have significant implications for the research and development in greenhouse emissions. The hydroxylase component of the BMM superfamily is coordinated by 2-Histidine-4-carboxylate ligands (Asp or Glu) [2H4C]. The [2H4C] configuration is the typical moiety for the 2-electron oxidation in the …

The New Food Safety, Margot J. Pollans, Emily M. Broad Leib

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

A safe food supply is essential for a healthy society. Our food system is replete with different types of risk, yet food safety is often narrowly understood as encompassing only foodborne illness and other risks related directly to food ingestion. This Article argues for a more comprehensive definition of food safety, one that includes not just acute, ingestion-related risks, but also whole-diet cumulative ingestion risks, and cradle-to-grave risks of food production and disposal. This broader definition, which we call “Food System Safety,” draws under the header of food safety a variety of historically siloed, and under-regulated, food system issues including …

Effect Of Caffeine Supplementation On Vertical Jump Performance, Heart Rate Variability, And Electromyography, Collin T. Garner

Masters Theses

Research into caffeine’s ability to improve anaerobic performance is inconclusive. Eleven anaerobically trained individuals (mean age: 23.45 ± 1.51 years) participated in this study. Assessments of resting heart rate variability (HRV), exercise heart rate variability, surface electromyography (sEMG), static vertical jump (SJ), and countermovement vertical jump (CMJ) were conducted before and after administration of placebo and caffeinated treatments. Three trials of each vertical jump technique were performed before and after treatment administration. A 60-minute absorption period was utilized for absorption of the treatment following its ingestion. All participants performed testing on two separate occasions, once under the placebo condition and …

Quality Of Wheat Grains (Triticum Aestivum) Generationally Exposed To Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (Nceo2), Oluwasegun Michael Abolade

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

The impacts of generational exposure to engineered nanomaterial on grain quality are poorly documented. This study was performed on wheat grains harvested from plants grown in soil amended with cerium oxide nanoparticles (nCeO₂) at the 2^nd and 3^rd generations. Third generation experiment was performed at low and high nitrogen (N) soil levels. The goal was to investigate changes in grain fatty acid and elemental contents due to parental exposure (C₁ vs T₁ in 2^nd generation, C₁C₂ vs T₁T₂ in 3^rd generation) or current generation …

Elucidating Immune Signaling Of Influenza A Virus And Aspergillus Fumigatus Co-Infections Through Pioneered Model Development, Meagan Danyelle Rippee-Brooks

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Bacterial co-infections with influenza A virus (IAV) are extremely serious and life-threatening. However, there exists limited understanding about the importance of fungal infections with IAV. Clinical case reports indicate that fungal co-infections do occur and suggest the IAV pandemic of 2009 had a propensity to predispose patients to secondary fungal infections more than previous IAV strains. IAV-fungal co-infections are marked by high mortality rates of 47 to 61% in previously healthy individuals between the ages of 20 and 60. Yet, the variables involved in this co-infection remain undetermined. I achieved effective recapitulation of this co-infection using a C57Bl/6 murine (mouse) …

Latinos’ Intention To Seek Mental Health Services: A Cultural Adaptation Of The Theory Of Reasoned Action, Jesse Andrew Valdez

Dissertations

Latinos are at unique risk for experiencing untreated mental illness. These men face structural, cultural and gender specific barriers that may inhibit their use of counseling services. The current study provided greater insight into the factors that positively influence Latinos intention to seek these services. Building upon previous research, the current bi-lingual study recruited participants from Northern Colorado. Using an empirically supported model for explaining human behavior, the influence of traditional machismo, caballerismo, and attitudes as they relate to Latinos intention to seek counseling services were examined. In addition, the current study included measures of psychological distress, acculturation and enculturation, …

Individuals Perception Of The Double Value Coupon Program And It's Administrative Scope In Southern Illinois: A Qualitative Study, Dominique M. Rose

Dissertations

This dissertation examined the dimensions of food access and its effects on food selection for individuals enrolled in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP); low-income senior citizens; and recipients of the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) benefit. This study investigated the use of the Link Up Illinois Double Value SNAP Nutrition Incentives Program (DVCP), a coupon with which recipients can receive twice as much fresh produce when redeemed at a farmers market. In addition, this study measured the organizational scope of administering the Double Value Coupon Program in the 12th Congressional District of Illinois. This information allows for the development …

Exploring Reactions Of Stakeholders To Military-Connected Spouse Abuse Disclosure: An Online Observational Approach, Mary Christine Highfill

Social Work Theses - Archive

Although considerable research explores family violence within the United States Military, few peer-reviewed studies investigate the experience of civilian spouse survivors. This project seeks to close the research gap by answering the question, “How do military stakeholders respond to disclosure of Military-Connected Spouse Abuse (MCSA) made on YouTube?” Videos featuring MSCA narratives were selected from a series of YouTube searches. Comments made to those videos by Service Members and military spouses were organized according to three predominate response types: disclosures, perceptions, and actions. Disclosures included personal experience with or second-hand knowledge of spousal abuse, interactions with the military response system, …

Effects Of Natural Disasters On Women’S Reproductive Processes Using Bangladesh Demographic And Health Surveys, Shamsun Nahar

Social Work Dissertations - Archive

Bangladesh is widely recognized as one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world. It is predicted that disaster-related losses in Bangladesh will be higher by 2025 compared with all other countries (Smith, 2012). All individuals or communities are not vulnerable to natural disasters equally. Women in Bangladesh are disproportionately more vulnerable to natural hazard due to social norms, entrenched gender inequality, and reproductive responsibilities (Ahmad, 2012, Rezwana, 2018; Tanny, Rahman, & Ali, 2017). The immediate effects of natural disasters are found in marital disruptions, unplanned pregnancy, lack of access to contraception and contraceptive use, abortion, lack of antenatal perinatal …

Analyzing Collaboration In Food Assistance Networks Using Agent-Based Modeling, Joyita Mostafa

Industrial, Manufacturing, and Systems Engineering Dissertations - Archive

To address the issue of food insecurity, many small independent agencies, known as food pantries, collect and distribute donated food to food-insecure clients. However, the supply of donated food varies significantly from week to week, leading to frequent mismatches in supply and demand. One approach to addressing this problem is to facilitate greater food pantry collaboration, such that they are able to balance supply and demand among themselves. However, their interpersonal relationships and the additional costs associated with transshipments can be a barrier to collaboration. The objective of this research is to use modeling to gain a better understanding of …

Whole Body Vibration As An Innovative Intervention To Improve Physical Function And Vascular Health Within A Lifespan, Stephen Leroy Newhart Jr.

Kinesiology Dissertations - Archive

Over the past several decades, technological advances in computers, transportation devices, and other automated devices have decreased the need for human locomotion and physical activity in the workplace and at home. The need to be physically active in order to sustain and prosper in life has been almost fully eliminated by these technological advances. As a result, sedentary patterns of living have become more prevalent throughout all socioeconomic levels. Age related injuries and conditions including falls and osteoporosis can be debilitating or life ending and have been associated with sedentary behaviors as these can lead to decreased range of motion, …

Taste Manipulation And Swallowing Mechanics In Trauma-Related Sensory-Based Dysphagia, Angela M. Dietsch, H. Duncan Dorris, William Pearson, Katie E. Dietrich-Burns, Nancy Pearl Solomon

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications

Purpose: This study explored the effects of highconcentration taste manipulation trials on swallow function in persons with sensory-based dysphagia.

Method: Dysphagia researchers partnered with clinical providers to prospectively identify traumatically injured U.S. military service members (N = 18) with sensorybased dysphagia as evidenced by delayed initiation and/or decreased awareness of residue/penetration/ aspiration. Under videofluoroscopy, participants swallowed trials of 3 custom-mixed taste stimuli: unflavored (40% weight/volume [wt/vol] barium sulfate in distilled water), sour (2.7%wt/vol citric acid in 40% wt/vol barium suspension), and sweet–sour (1.11% wt/vol citric acid plus 8% wt/vol sucrose in 40% wt/vol barium suspension). Trials were analyzed …

Artificial Intelligence The Use Of Knowledge Graphs, Besar Mehmeti

Theses and Dissertations

In this digital age, an overwhelming amount of unstructured data found in the web is increasing at an unprecedented rate. In response, information extraction techniques have been developed to automatically extract information from unstructured text and populate knowledge bases. This thesis will introduce the reader to the idea of Knowledge Graphs, the history of how they were first experimented on and later developed, and in particular, this thesis is going to elaborate how Diffbot, Wikidata and IBM Watson technologies are modeled, stored and queried. By having this information at our fingertips, we believe that we can make smarter decisions, keep …

An Exploration Of Attitudes Toward Dogs Among College Students In Bangalore, India, Shelly Volsche, Miriam Mohan, Peter B. Gray, Madhavi Rangaswamy

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Conversations in the field of anthrozoology include treatment and distinction of food animals, animals as workers versus pests, and most recently, emerging pet trends including the practice of pet parenting. This paper explores attitudes toward pet dogs in the shared social space of urban India. The data include 375 pen-and-paper surveys from students at CHRIST (Deemed to be University) in Bangalore, India. Reflecting upon Serpell’s biaxial concept of dogs as a relationship of affect and utility, the paper considers the growing trend of pet dog keeping in urban spaces and the increased use of affiliative words to describe these …

Fertilizer And Paclobutrazol Effects On Petunia Production And Post-Production Performance, Jiwoo Park

All Theses

Reducing the amount of fertilizer applied to the plants in ornamental plant production industry is a growing trend due to rising environmental concerns; however, reduced fertilization can result in the failure to supply the retail customer with a plant that contains enough nutrients to sustain further growth in the consumer environment where fertilizer application is frequently lacking. Therefore, the objective of the first study was to examine alternative fertilizer delivery strategies that can maintain petunia quality during greenhouse production and continue to sustain plant growth and flowering in the post-production consumer environment. The fertilizer treatments applied to the plants were …

Coalition For Prisoners' Rights Newsletter, Vol 44-A, No. 8, Coalition For Prisoners' Rights

Coalition for Prisoners' Rights Newsletters

What is it Really About?

Federal Executions to Start Up

The Quick Fix Boomerang

La Redada Masiva de Mississippi

Back to School?

Poverty

More on "Camps"

Murphy Davis, On Women's Health

August 2019, Lisa Friesen

The CETL Correspondent

Lisa’s Notes

July was a very, very busy month! I appreciate everyone's patience and support. My goal for CETL is to continue the great service that Marci had in place, but also launch some new initiatives. So, be on the lookout for changes to be rolling out throughout the next semester!

Understanding The Role Direct Contact, Toxicity, And Mixotrophy Play In The Population Dynamics Of Prymnesium Parvum, Coridon Laws

Biology Dissertations - Archive

Harmful algae disrupt other organisms and ecosystems by multiple mechanisms. Many taxa of harmful algae produce toxic compounds that likely contribute to such problems. Though there is little evidence that the harmful golden algal species such as Prymnesium parvum are harmful to human health, this species has been linked to many toxic blooms leading to fish kills. A clear relationship between the concentrations of P. parvum cells or P. parvum toxins and fish kills is not well established in natural settings. Filtration techniques to generate cell-free filtrates of P. parvum may create toxigenic artifacts that are a result of high-pressure …

Advancing Integrated Social And Behavior Change Programming, Breakthrough Research

Sexual and Reproductive Health, Rights, and Choices

In recent years, social and behavior change (SBC) programming has experienced a notable shift away from a vertical approach focusing on one health or development topic to integrated approaches concerning multiple health or development issues or outcomes under the same program. To help address important evidence gaps in SBC programming, Breakthrough RESEARCH worked with a range of SBC experts to generate a research and learning agenda that includes a core set of consensus-driven, prioritized implementation science questions. Implementation science research is well-suited to the challenges of SBC because it assesses interventions taking place in real-world contexts and factors in various …

Innovative Design “Eat Me’ Be Strong” And The Perceived Benefit Of Vegetable Consumption In Primary School Students, Ongkharak District, Nakhon Nayok Province, Pimonporn Chaocipoch, Suwanun Sukkhee, Kwanhathai Pengpon, Siriam Toomtha

Asian Medical Journal and Alternative Medicine

Introduction: The current social changes make people live in a rushed manner and do not concern about their food consumption, resulting in people consuming less than the recommended level of vegetable, especially in school-age children. The Skinner’s Operant Condition Theory was applied to the snake and ladder game to create the innovative design “Eat Me’ be Strong” and examined the effects the innovative design “Eat Me’be Strong” on the perceived benefit of vegetable consumption in the primary school students.
Methods: The experimental group (n = 24) were assigned to use the innovation twice a week for 4 weeks and the …

An Update On The Management Of Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Surgical Perspective, Tawan Imvised

Asian Medical Journal and Alternative Medicine

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common of neonatal surgical emergency. The initial signs are nonspecific and often indistinguishable from other neonatal problems. Abdominal radiography (AR) is the first modality imaging for diagnosis NEC and remains as the standard modality since the Bell staging system was developed. Ultrasonography (US) playing an increasing role in NEC. There is the potential for US to bridge the lack of sensitivity of AR for NEC. Understanding the influence of the pathophysiological dynamic of NEC and its variation with gestational age on AR or US findings is important to distinguish NEC from NEC-like conditions. Surgical …