Digital Commons Network^™

Drunk Without Drinking: A Case Of Auto-Brewery Syndrome, Bobak J Akhavan, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner, Eric J Thomas

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Information on auto-brewery syndrome is limited in the medical literature. This rare syndrome occurs when yeast overgrowth leads to ethanol fermentation in the gut. We present a patient presenting with symptoms of alcohol intoxication with objective laboratory data of elevated blood ethanol levels without a history of alcohol consumption. We reviewed the literature and have discussed the current diagnostic and therapeutic options.

An Analysis Of A Partial Temporary Immunity Sir Epidemic Model With Nonlinear Treatment Rate, Saba Noori Majeed, Raid Kamel Naji

Baghdad Science Journal

A partial temporary immunity SIR epidemic model involv nonlinear treatment rate is proposed and studied. The basic reproduction number is determined. The local and global stability of all equilibria of the model are analyzed. The conditions for occurrence of local bifurcation in the proposed epidemic model are established. Finally, numerical simulation is used to confirm our obtained analytical results and specify the control set of parameters that affect the dynamics of the model.

Detection Of 16s Rrna Methylases And Co-Resistance With Β-Lactams Among Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolates From Iraqi Patients, Mustafa Suhel Mustafa, Rana Mujahid Abdullah

Baghdad Science Journal

Out of 150 clinical samples, 50 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were identified according to morphological and biochemical properties. These isolates were collected from different clinical samples, including 15 (30%) urine, 12 (24%) blood, 9 (18%) sputum, 9 (18%) wound, and 5 (10%) burn. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) assay revealed that 25 (50%) of isolates were resistant to gentamicin (≥16µg/ml), 22 (44%) of isolates were resistant to amikacin (≥64 µg/ml), 21 (42%) of isolates were resistant to ertapenem (≥8 µg/ml), 18 (36%) of isolates were resistant to imipenem (4- ≥16µg/ml), 43 (86%) of isolates were resistant to ceftriaxone (4- ≥64 …

Vitamin D Status And Risk Of Incident Tuberculosis Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study, Systematic Review, And Individual-Participant Data Meta-Analysis, Omowunmi Aibana, Chuan-Chin Huang, Said Aboud, Alberto Arnedo-Pena, Mercedes C Becerra, Juan Bautista Bellido-Blasco, Ramesh Bhosale, Roger Calderon, Silvia Chiang, Carmen Contreras, Ganmaa Davaasambuu, Wafaie W Fawzi, Molly F Franke, Jerome T Galea, Daniel Garcia-Ferrer, Maria Gil-Fortuño, Barbará Gomila-Sard, Amita Gupta, Nikhil Gupte, Rabia Hussain, Jesus Iborra-Millet, Najeeha T Iqbal, Jose Vicente Juan-Cerdán, Aarti Kinikar, Leonid Lecca, Vidya Mave, Noemi Meseguer-Ferrer, Grace Montepiedra, Ferdinand M Mugusi, Olumuyiwa A Owolabi, Julie Parsonnet, Freddy Roach-Poblete, Maria Angeles Romeu-García, Stephen A Spector, Christopher R Sudfeld, Mark W Tenforde, Toyin O Togun, Rosa Yataco, Zibiao Zhang, Megan B Murray

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Few studies have evaluated the association between preexisting vitamin D deficiency and incident tuberculosis (TB). We assessed the impact of baseline vitamins D levels on TB disease risk.

METHODS AND FINDINGS: We assessed the association between baseline vitamin D and incident TB in a prospective cohort of 6,751 HIV-negative household contacts of TB patients enrolled between September 1, 2009, and August 29, 2012, in Lima, Peru. We screened for TB disease at 2, 6, and 12 months after enrollment. We defined cases as household contacts who developed TB disease at least 15 days after enrollment of the index patient. …

Vitamin D Status And Risk Of Incident Tuberculosis Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study, Systematic Review, And Individual-Participant Data Meta-Analysis, Omowunmi Aibana, Chuan-Chin Huang, Said Aboud, Alberto Arnedo-Pena, Mercedes C. Becerra, Juan Bautista Bellido-Blasco, Ramesh Bhosale, Roger Calderon, Rabia Hussain, Najeeha Talat Iqbal

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background: Few studies have evaluated the association between preexisting vitamin D deficiency and incident tuberculosis (TB). We assessed the impact of baseline vitamins D levels on TB disease risk.
Methods and Findings: We assessed the association between baseline vitamin D and incident TB in a prospective cohort of 6,751 HIV-negative household contacts of TB patients enrolled between September 1, 2009, and August 29, 2012, in Lima, Peru. We screened for TB disease at 2, 6, and 12 months after enrollment. We defined cases as household contacts who developed TB disease at least 15 days after enrollment of the index patient. …

Depression In Black Men: One Church’S Solution, Dwayne T. Baskin

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This dissertation examines the Black Church’s influence on Pentecostal African-American men who are depressed, and how the church may assist these men to heal from the wounds of despair through a Pentecostal experience. While many Pentecostal African-American men have matriculated through the ranks of leadership, establishing successful businesses, churches, ministries, and organizational denominations; they are teetering on the edge of an emotional and spiritual breakdown. Researchers have found that African-American men are understudied and underdiagnosed as it pertains to depression. Eight African-American Pentecostal men were interviewed and given questionnaires to examine how depression affected them while maintaining leadership roles in …

Creation And Implementation Of A Pediatric Advanced Practice Nurse Critical Care Fellowship Program, Bonnie Stojadinovic, Christine A. Schindler, Margaret Faut Callahan, Maureen O'Brien, Tom B. Rice, Theresa Mikhailov

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) who begin their careers in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) may be challenged in this practice environment. Inadequate prior experience as a staff nurse, limited opportunities for clinical placements in the PICU during graduate education, and being in a fast-paced, high-acuity practice environment without prior exposure to critically ill children are practice challenges in the PICU setting. The goal of postgraduate education training programs (fellowship programs) for the acute care pediatric nurse practitioner (ACPNP) is to prepare students to become beginner practitioners who can function effectively in the acute care setting within a few …

Regulatory Mechanisms Mediated By Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Β/Δ (Pparβ/Δ) In Skin Cancer, Jeffrey M. Peters, Dae Joon Kim, Moses T. Bility, Michael G. Borland, Bokai Zhu, Frank J. Gonzalez

School of Medicine Publications

Considerable progress has been made during the past twenty years towards elucidating the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β/δ (PPARβ/δ) in skin cancer. In 1999, the original notion that PPARβ/δ was involved with epithelial cell function was postulated based on a correlation between PPARβ/δ expression and the induction of mRNAs encoding proteins that mediate terminal differentiation in keratinocytes. Subsequent studies definitively revealed that PPARβ/δ could induce terminal differentiation and inhibit proliferation of keratinocytes. Molecular mechanisms have since been discovered to explain how this nuclear receptor can be targeted for preventing and treating skin cancer. This includes the regulation of terminal differentiation, …

Innate Antibodies, Murine Models, And Evolution: A Study Of Trypanosome Lytic Factor Functions And Their Translational Applications, Joseph P. Verdi

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Trypanosome lytic factors (TLFs) are primate-specific antimicrobial protein complexes that lyse African trypanosome parasites by delivering the channel-forming toxin APOL1 to the invading microorganisms. Human serum contains two TLFs that are delivered to the parasite by separate mechanisms, only one of which has been characterized. TLF1 is endocytosed by a receptor that is typically blocked by other serum factors in vivo, suggesting that TLF2 is the more relevant lytic factor in the context of trypanosome immunity. TLF2 is non-covalently associated with polyclonal immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies, which we report here to be involved in the uptake mechanism. The TLF2-IgMs …

A Role Of Ubiquitin Regulatory X-Domain Containing Proteins (Ubxn6) In Antiviral Immunity, Harshada Ketkar, Harshada Ketkar

NYMC Student Theses and Dissertations

The roles of UBXNs in the regulation of antiviral immune responses have not been much explored. Previous work in our lab identified UBXN1 as a negative regulator of the retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) like receptors (RLR) pathway and UBXN3B as a positive regulator of stimulator-of-interferon Genes (STING) -mediated immune responses. In this study, I aimed to determine the member of UBXNs as a positive regulator of ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus infection-induced innate immune responses. By using an interferon stimulated response element (ISRE)-driven luciferase reporter assay that monitors the activity of type I/III interferon (IFN)-induced janus kinase (JAK) - signal transducer …

Identification Of Bacterial Isolates Originating From The Human Hand, Leisa M. Rauch, Annette M. Golonka, Eran S. Kilpatrick

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

The human body provides habitat for a diversity of bacterial species that are part of the normal human microbiota. Identification of various members of the normal microbiota to the species level requires a combination of biological staining procedures, biochemical tests, and molecular techniques. In this experiment, ten bacterial isolates originating from the hands of nine students and one faculty member at USC Salkehatchie were identified. Classification to a general taxonomic group was accomplished with standard staining and biochemical tests. Sequences for the 16S ribosomal RNA section of DNA for each isolate were analyzed with BLAST to generate a list of …

Prevalence And Distribution Of Ranavirus In Amphibians From, Drew R. Davis, Jillian K. Farkas, Taylor R. Kruisselbrink, Jessa L. Watters, Elyse D. Ellsworth, Jacob L. Kerby, Cameron D. Siler

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Several infectious diseases are threatening amphibian species worldwide and have resulted in massmortality events across the globe. An emerging group of viral pathogens (ranaviruses) are documented to cause die-offs in amphibian populations worldwide, including in several regions of the U.S. Unfortunately, large gaps remain in our understanding of the distribution of this systemic pathogen in the U.S., including within the state of Oklahoma. To address this gap in our understanding, we carried out surveys of this infectious pathogen across 14 sites in seven southeastern Oklahoma counties in spring 2015, screening 17 amphibian species from this region. Using liver and tail …

Evaluation Of Medication Use Patterns Among Geriatric Patients Using World Health Organization Prescribing Indicators, Irma M. Puspitasari, Ani Hanifah, Rano K. Sinuraya

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Geriatrics patients are paticularly suceptible to medication error due to complex clinical problems and multiple treatment. World Health Organization (WHO) published a set of prescribing indicators to promote rationale use of drug. This study aimed to evaluate medicine use pattern in geriatric patients at a primary care facility in Bandung, Indonesia, using WHO indicators. This research was conducted using cross sectional design with retrospective data collection. Medical presciption from geriatric patients aged 60-74 years old visiting primary care facility during 2013-2015 were selected. A total of 103.292 prescriptions were obtained in this study. The average number of drugs per encounter …

Perbandingan Penggunaan Efavirenz Dan Nevirapine Terhadap Kolesterol Ldl Pasien Hiv/Aids, Yusi Anggriani, Evy Yunihastuti, Yulia Trisna, Ade Rosanti, Reise Manninda, Rifka Annisa

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Lipid metabolism disorder is one of common condition among HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)/AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) patients who used first line antiretroviral efavirenz and nevirapine. This study was conducted to compare LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) cholesterol between two group HIV/AIDS patients with efavirenz and nevirapine. The prospective study was performed in 2 months. HIV/AIDS patients who used first line antiretroviral at least for 6 months, aged ≥18 years old, not pregnant, without Mycobacterium ovium complex opportunistic infection and antihyperlipidemic, corticosteroid, retinoid in last 3 months were included. The 70 patients who enrolled in this study were divided into two …

African American Women's Experiences Of Race-Based Traumatic Stress, Amina Y. Simmons

Open Access Dissertations

Assessments of racism are linked to increased risk of anxiety (Soto, Dawson- Andoh, & BeLue, 2011), depression (Lee & Turney, 2012), and increased symptoms of PTSD (Polanco-Roman, Danies, & Anglin, 2016), leading scholars to infer racism may be a type of traumatic stress (Carter, 2007; Helms, Nicolas, & Green, 2010). African American men and women report similar frequency and levels of racism-related stress (Jackson, Shestov, & Saadatmand, 2017; Kwate & Goodman, 2015) however, the impacts appear significant for Black women (Chyu and Upchurch, 2011; Jackson, Shestov, & Saadatmand, 2017). This exploratory study sought greater understanding of Black women’s experiences with …

Pence's Bioethics Career Explores 'People Making Choices And Learning From Their Mistakes', Haley Herfurth

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

This Game Helps Young Scientists Avoid Playing The Fool - And It's Catching On, Matt Windsor

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Direct Measurement Of Performance: A New Era In Antimicrobial Stewardship, Majdi N. Al-Hasan, Hana Rac Winders, P. Brandon Bookstaver, Julie Ann Justo

Faculty Publications

Penicillin allergies are among of the most commonly reported allergies, yet only 10% of these patients are truly allergic. This leads to potential inadvertent negative consequences for patients and makes treatment decisions challenging for clinicians. Thus, allergy assessment and penicillin skin testing (PST) are important management strategies to reconcile and clarify labeled penicillin allergies. While PST is more common in the inpatient setting where the results will immediately impact antibiotic management, this process is becoming of increasing importance in the outpatient setting. PST in the outpatient setting allows clinicians to proactively de-label and educate patients accordingly so beta-lactam antibiotics may …

Occupied, Judy Diamond, Tom Floyd, Rebecca Smith, Ann Downer-Hazell, Martin Powell, Nick Poliwko, Angie Fox, Amy Spiegel, Patricia Wonch Hill, Julia Mcquillan

Zea E-Books Collection

Our bodies are home to more microbes than human cells. The balance of helpful to harmful microbes in our bodies can make us sick or healthy. The Biology of Human project focuses on helping people understand themselves by exploring scientific principles that underlie modern research in human biology. Biology of Human is an alliance of science educators, artists, science writers, and biomedical researchers working to increase public understanding about viruses and infectious disease. In this comic, Daniel and Miguel find themselves in the world of the microbes, where they meet the Roid (Bacteroides), Longo biffi (Bifidobacterium longum), E. …

Whole Slide Imaging For High-Throughput Monitoring Of Microbial Growth And Its Application To Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, Donghui Song

Doctoral Dissertations

Archival abstract submitted

Inhibition Of Punicalagin On The Expression Of Virulence Factors Of Staphylococcus Aureus, Xu Yunfeng, Wu Qian, Fan Qiuxia, Wang Xin, Xia Xiaodong

Food and Machinery

Hemolysis test, coagulase titer assay, and enzyme-linked immunoreaction method were used to detect the expression changes of hemolysin, plasma coagulase, and total enterotoxins after treating with punicalagin. Reverse transcription real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of virulence-related genes. The results showed that punicalagin could significantly reduce the production of α-hemolysin, but the inhibition effect was not concentration-dependent. At the concentrations of higher than 1/4 MIC, punicalagin could decrease the expression of plasma coagulase. At the concentrations of higher than 1/2 MIC, punicalagin significantly reduced the production of total enterotoxins. Punicalagin also significantly reduced the transcription of …

Glioma Mimics: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics Of Granulomas In Dogs, Lauren Diangelo, Aaron A. Cohen-Gadol, Hock Gan Heng, Margaret A. Miller, Devon W. Hague, John H. Rossmeisl, Robin T. Bentley

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

Granulomas can “mimic” gliomas on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in human patients. The goal of this retrospective study was to report canine brain granulomas that were consistent with glioma based upon MRI, report their histologic diagnosis, and identify MRI criteria that might be useful to distinguish granuloma from glioma. Ten granulomas, initially suspected to be glioma based on MRI, were ultimately diagnosed as granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis (n = 5), infectious granulomas (n = 3) or other meningoencephalitis (n = 2). Age was 1.6–15.0 years and two dogs were brachycephalic breeds. MRI characteristics overlapping with glioma included intra-axial, heterogeneous, …

International Infection Control Training Partnerships: Experiences From The Egypt-University Of Louisville Collaboration, Amr Aboelnasr, Mohammad Tahboub, Dawn Balcom, Lynn Roser, Morgan Stanley, Stephen P. Furmanek, Ruth Carrico

Journal of Refugee & Global Health

Background: Healthcare-associated infection (HAI) is a global challenge that represent opportunities for international collaboration. Both the United States and Egypt prioritize HAI reduction as activities of public health importance. These shared priorities provide a foundation for interactive education and training.

Objective: In the fall 2018, The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) sought a US training site where a delegation of physicians and nurses from Egypt could receive experiential training regarding HAI and prevention. The objectives of this review are to: 1) outline the training components used for the US-Egypt collaboration held at the University of Louisville …

Penicillin Allergy Skin Testing In The Inpatient Setting, Julie Ann Justo, Wesley D. Kufel, Lisa Avery, P. Brandon Bookstaver

Faculty Publications

The consequences of a documented penicillin allergy in the medical record are especially troublesome in acutely ill, hospitalized patients. A penicillin allergy label may lead to alternative or second line therapies resulting in adverse drug events, negative clinical outcomes and increased costs. Reconciling penicillin allergies is a necessity to facilitate early, optimal therapy and is a shared responsibility among the healthcare team. Penicillin skin testing (PST) has been utilized successfully in hospitalized patients to de-label erroneous penicillin allergies and optimize antibiotic therapy. This targeted review aims to discuss the practical development and implementation of PST in the inpatient setting. This …

Universal Molecular Processor For Precision Medicine, Steve A. Soper, Francis Barany, Sunggook Park, Michael Murphy, Collin J. Mckinney, John William Efcavitch, Mateusz L. Hupert

College of Science Patents

The present invention is directed to a device that comprises a biomolecular processor and one or more nanotubes. Each biomolecular processor comprises a bioreactor chamber defined by a solid substrate, a plurality of spaced support structures within said bioreactor chamber and attached to the solid substrate, and one or more capture molecules immobilized to some or all of said plurality of spaced support structures, said one or more capture molecules suitable to bind to a portion of a target nucleic acid molecule in a sample. The device also comprises one or more nanotubes defined by the solid substrate and fluidically …

Penicillin Allergy Skin Testing In The Inpatient Setting, Julie Ann Justo, Wesley D. Kufel, Lisa M. Avery, P. Brandon Bookstaver

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

The consequences of a documented penicillin allergy in the medical record are especially troublesome in acutely ill, hospitalized patients. A penicillin allergy label may lead to alternative or second line therapies resulting in adverse drug events, negative clinical outcomes and increased costs. Reconciling penicillin allergies is a necessity to facilitate early, optimal therapy and is a shared responsibility among the healthcare team. Penicillin skin testing (PST) has been utilized successfully in hospitalized patients to de-label erroneous penicillin allergies and optimize antibiotic therapy. This targeted review aims to discuss the practical development and implementation of PST in the inpatient setting. This …

Comparative Genomics Of Antibiotic-Resistant Uropathogens Implicates Three Routes For Recurrence Of Urinary Tract Infections, Robert Thänert, Kimberly A Reske, Tiffany Hink, Meghan A Wallace, Bin Wang, Drew J Schwartz, Sondra Seiler, Candice Cass, Carey-Ann D. Burnham, Erik R Dubberke, Jennie H Kwon, Gautam Dantas

Open Access Publications

The rise of antimicrobial resistance in uropathogens has complicated the management of urinary tract infections (UTIs), particularly in patients who are afflicted by recurrent episodes of UTIs. Antimicrobial-resistant (AR) uropathogens persistently colonizing individuals at asymptomatic time points have been implicated in the pathophysiology of UTIs. The dynamics of uropathogen persistence following the resolution of symptomatic disease are, however, mostly unclear. To further our understanding, we determined longitudinal AR uropathogen carriage and clonal persistence of uropathogenic

Retrospective Review Of Alternative Antibiotic Use In Patients With A Reported Penicillin Allergy At A Community Hospital, Rita Chamoun, Monica Tadros, Amy Montes, Heidi Clarke, Radhan Gopalani

All Publications

No abstract provided.

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - August 25, 2019, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the August 25, 2019 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's Newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

USA medical students named to Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society

Macaluso named professor and chair of microbiology and immunology at USA College of Medicine

Clyde G. Huggins Award for Summer Research winners announced

Mark Your Calendar: Randall W. Powell Endowed Memorial Lectureship

Block party for a cause: increasing vaccination rates in rural Alabama

USA Health welcomes new interventional cardiologist

A Rare Heterozygous Trem2 Coding Variant Identified In Familial Clustering Of Dementia Affects An Intrinsically Disordered Protein Region And Function Of Trem2, M Karsak, K Glebov, M Scheffold, Et Al

Peninsula Medical School

Rare coding variants in the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2) gene have been associated with Alzheimer disease (AD) and homozygous TREM2 loss-of-function variants have been reported in families with monogenic frontotemporal-like dementia with/without bone abnormalities. In a whole-exome sequencing study of a family with probable AD-type dementia without pathogenic variants in known autosomal dominant dementia disease genes and negative for the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele, we identified an extremely rare TREM2 coding variant, that is, a glycine-to-tryptophan substitution at amino acid position 145 (NM_018965.3:c.433G>T/p.[Gly145Trp]). This alteration is found in only 1 of 251,150 control alleles in …