Digital Commons Network^™

A Study Of Pair Formation Disease Models With A Two Phase Infection, Berlinda Rosa Batista

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

Teamwork And Epidemic Control Among Health Workers In Local Government Areas Of Osun State, Nigeria., Michael Segun Omole Dr., Tajudeen Temitayo Adebayo Dr.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract

The study reported the influence of teamwork on epidemic control in local government areas of Osun State, Nigeria, with a view to contributing to finding solutions to problems associated with teamwork in relation to epidemic control in local government areas of Osun State.

Survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study was three hundred and six (306) medical and health officers in the 30 local government areas of Osun State. Total enumeration technique was used to cover all the 306 health care professionals in the 30 local government areas. A validated questionnaire was …

Report On The 2018 Cancer, Autoimmunity, And Immunology Conference, Colleen S. Curran, Connie L. Sommers, Howard A. Young, Katarzyna Bourcier, Marie Mancini, Elad Sharon

United States Public Health Resources

With the increased use of cancer immunotherapy, a number of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are being identified. These irAEs can be compared with known autoimmune disorders in similar tissues, with important similarities and differences. Understanding the etiology of irAEs may bring to light concepts applicable to immune responses in cancer, autoimmunity, and infectious disease. This immunobiology is especially relevant to cancer patients with preexisting allogeneic transplants or autoimmune disease who are undergoing cancer immunotherapy. To address these facets of cancer immunotherapy, academic leaders from these various disciplines discussed current irAE basic and clinical research, irAE diagnosis and management, and the …

Siderophore Pathways And Non-Traditional Antibiotic Strategies In Multi-Drug Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii, Tabbetha Bohac

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The rise of antibiotic resistance is driving exploration of non-canonical antibiotic approaches, including neutralization of virulence factors. Multi-drug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative pathogens, including Acinetobacter baumannii, are of particular concern because of the small number of clinically useful antibiotics available for use. Here we both expand upon the existing knowledge of two of the siderophores of A. baumannii, acinetobactin and fimsbactin, and utilize this knowledge to synthesize novel compounds for the inhibition of pathogenic A. baumannii in whole cell assays.Furthering the current knowledge of the natural siderophore systems of A. baumannii, we were able to investigate the interaction of acinetobactin with …

Health Care-Associated Infection Prevention Outcomes: Evaluating The Link Between Infection Prevention Practices In Healthcare Facilities And Their Health Care-Associated Infection Rates, Chidinma Veronica Njoku

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are a pressing problem affecting vulnerable individuals who come to the hospital to receive care for one condition only to find that they have contracted another during their stay. Studies point to the importance of training and educating staff in order to implement and comply with recommended infection control and prevention control and prevention practices as lack of training and knowledge about infection control and prevention has been perceived to bring about a limited ability for direct care staff to adhere to recommended processes and activities. Although there are prior studies on the effects of assessments, infection …

Mechanics Of Phenotypic Aging Trajectories In C. Elegans And Humans, William Zhang

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Overall, my dissertation integrates longitudinal measurements of physiology to investigate the aging process. In the first half, I examine the surprising and largely unexplained degree of variation in lifespan within even homogeneous populations. I sought to understand how physiological aging differs between long- and short-lived individuals within a population of genetically identical C. elegans reared in a homogeneous environment. Using a novel culture apparatus, I longitudinally monitored aspects of aging physiology across a large population of isolated individuals. Aggregating several measures into an overall estimate of senescence, I find that long- and short-lived individuals start adulthood on an equal physiological …

Bibliometric Analysis Of Research Publications Of Al-Jouf University, Saudi Arabia During The Year 2006-2017, Aquil Ahmed, Sulaiman Al-Reyaee Dr

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study investigates the research contributions of Al-Jouf University, Saudi Arabia in terms of its publication output during 2006-2017 as reflected through Scopus database. The study, using Microsoft Excel, analyses the year-wise research productivity, its citation impact, national and international collaborations, top collaborating institutions, subject-wise distribution of papers, journals used for communication, most preferred journals for publication, most prolific authors, number of citations received, and top cited papers of the University during the period under study. The paper concluded that Al-Jouf University is growing and improving in terms of research publication output.

The Disproportionate Impact Of Obesity Among Hospitalized Children, Kathyrn Kyler

Research Days

No abstract provided.

Herpes Simplex Virus Whole Genome Sequencing For Antiviral Resistance In A Child With Dock8 Deficiency And Chronic Infection, Sean Stout

Research Days

No abstract provided.

Chronic Cavitary Pulmonary Aspergillosis With Aspergilloma In A Previously Healthy Teenager, Michael D. Mcdowell Jr

Research Days

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Beetroot Juice Consumption On Maximal Oxygen Consumption, Margaret Vacher-Weiss

Honors Program Theses and Projects

There are many synthetic dietary supplements available to those wishing to enhance their athletic abilities. Unfortunately, dietary supplements do not follow the same strict regulations as do foods or drugs do by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA, 2018). Therefore, they often contain ineffective and sometimes unsafe substances, which may cause short and long-term harmful effects to the consumer (Hirsch, J., 2018). However, there are in fact natural and safer ways to achieve the same effect a synthetic supplement may claim to provide.

Many natural foods are claimed to produce an ergogenic effect (i.e. – enhance athletic performance), one of them …

Living With Hiv After Release From Prison: An Evaluation Of The Long-Term Health Of Formerly Incarcerated Individuals Who Used Michigan’S Community Reentry Service, Robin L. Miller Phd, Danielle Chiaramonte, Miles Mcnall, Jason Forney, Patrick Janulis

Journal of Prison Education and Reentry (2014-2023)

In 2003, Michigan implemented a reentry service to assist HIV-infected people incarcerated in state prisons in linking to HIV medical care immediately upon their release. We examined whether formerly incarcerated people were linked to care successfully, remained in care, and were in good health 3 years after their date of release. In all, 190 people used the service over the 5 years following its inception. Only a minority of those who were alive and not reincarcerated at the time of the evaluation engaged consistently with medical care. Unsurprisingly given low rates of engagement in care, 3 years after their release …

Differential Effects Of Influenza Virus Na, Ha Head, And Ha Stalk Antibodies On Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Gene Expression During Human Infection., Kathie-Anne Walters, Ruoqing Zhu, Michael Welge, Kelsey Scherler, Jae-Keun Park, Zainab Rahil, Hao Wang, Loretta Auvil, Colleen Bushell, Min Young Lee, David Baxter, Tyler Bristol, Luz Angela Rosas, Adriana Cervantes-Medina, Lindsay Czajkowski, Alison Han, Matthew J Memoli, Jeffery K Taubenberger, John C Kash

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

In this study, we examined the relationships between anti-influenza virus serum antibody titers, clinical disease, and peripheral blood leukocyte (PBL) global gene expression during presymptomatic, acute, and convalescent illness in 83 participants infected with 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus in a human influenza challenge model. Using traditional statistical and logistic regression modeling approaches, profiles of differentially expressed genes that correlated with active viral shedding, predicted length of viral shedding, and predicted illness severity were identified. These analyses further demonstrated that challenge participants fell into three peripheral blood leukocyte gene expression phenotypes that significantly correlated with different clinical outcomes and prechallenge serum …

Defining Microbiome Health Through A Host Lens., Sean M Gibbons

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

We are walking ecosystems, inoculated at birth with a unique set of microbes that are integral to the functioning of our bodies. The physiology of our commensal microbiota is intertwined with our metabolism, immune function, and mental state. The specifics of this entanglement remain largely unknown and are somewhat unique to individuals, and when any one piece of this complex system breaks, our health can suffer. There appear to be many ways to build a healthy, functional microbiome and several distinct ways in which it can break. Despite the hundreds of associations with human disease, there are only a handful …

Incorporating Oral Health Care In Pediatric Primary Care Practice, Salamatu Yusif

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

The most common chronic disease in childhood is dental caries and is more prevalent than asthma and hay fever (HHS, 2000). Data show that in the United States from 2011-2014, 24% of children aged 2-5 years had experienced dental caries in their primary teeth, with 11% having untreated caries (Dye et al., 2017). Primary care clinicians have an important role to play in promoting children’s oral health as much as dentists because they have more contact with children. The purpose of this evidence-based practice project was to integrate an evidence-based oral health program for children in a pediatric primary care …

Localization Of Five Target Proteins In Tachyzoites Of Toxoplasma Gondii, Abigail M. Kaiser

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Five target genes were selected in Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites for localization studies. These five genes, detected through proteomics studies, included TgME49_227450, TgME49_223080, TgME49_262390, TgME49_230940, and TgME49_269620. Localization of these five target proteins is a first step to confirm their interaction with TgCrk2 and understand their function and role in TgCrk2 regulation of the tachyzoite cell cycle. Gene models for the targets were analyzed using ToxoDB and ApE analysis tools. Endogenous tagging constructs were created for each target. Transgenic parasites were created. Finally, localization analysis of the target proteins in tachyzoites was completed using immunofluorescent microscopy following. One protein was found …

Simplicity Diffexpress: A Bespoke Cloud-Based Interface For Rna-Seq Differential Expression Modeling And Analysis, Cintia C. Palu, Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves, Yanxin Wu, Brendan Lawlor, Pavel V. Baranov, Brian Kelly, Paul Walsh

Department of Computer Science Publications

One of the key challenges for transcriptomics-based research is not only the processing of large data but also modeling the complexity of features that are sources of variation across samples, which is required for an accurate statistical analysis. Therefore, our goal is to foster access for wet lab researchers to bioinformatics tools, in order to enhance their ability to explore biological aspects and validate hypotheses with robust analysis. In this context, user-friendly interfaces can enable researchers to apply computational biology methods without requiring bioinformatics expertise. Such bespoke platforms can improve the quality of the findings by allowing the researcher to …

Grfs And Crfs In Alternative Donor Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation For Pediatric Patients With Acute Leukemia., Rohtesh S. Mehta, Shernan G Holtan, Tao Wang, Michael T. Hemmer, Stephen R. Spellman, Mukta Arora, Daniel R. Couriel, Amin M. Alousi, Joseph Pidala, Hisham Abdel-Azim, Ibrahim Ahmed, Mahmoud Aljurf, Medhat Askar, Jeffery J. Auletta, Vijaya Bhatt, Christopher Bredeson, Saurabh Chhabra, Shahinaz Gadalla, James Gajewski, Robert Peter Gale, Usama Gergis, Peiman Hematti, Gerhard C. Hildebrandt, Yoshihiro Inamoto, Carrie Kitko, Pooja Khandelwal, Margaret L. Macmillan, Navneet Majhail, David I. Marks, Parinda Mehta, Taiga Nishihori, Richard F. Olsson, Attaphol Pawarode, Miguel Angel Diaz, Tim Prestidge, Muna Qayed, Hemalatha Rangarajan, Olle Ringden, Ayman Saad, Bipin N. Savani, Sachiko Seo, Ami Shah, Niketa Shah, Kirk R. Schultz, Melhem Solh, Thomas Spitzer, Jeffrey Szer, Takanori Teshima, Leo F Verdonck, Kirsten M. Williams, Baldeep Wirk, John Wagner, Jean A. Yared, Daniel J. Weisdorf

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

We report graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)-free relapse-free survival (GRFS) (a composite end point of survival without grade III-IV acute GVHD [aGVHD], systemic therapy-requiring chronic GVHD [cGVHD], or relapse) and cGVHD-free relapse-free survival (CRFS) among pediatric patients with acute leukemia (n = 1613) who underwent transplantation with 1 antigen-mismatched (7/8) bone marrow (BM; n = 172) or umbilical cord blood (UCB; n = 1441). Multivariate analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards models. To account for multiple testing, P < .01 for the donor/graft variable was considered statistically significant. Clinical characteristics were similar between UCB and 7/8 BM recipients, because most had acute lymphoblastic leukemia (62%), 64% received total body irradiation-based conditioning, and 60% received anti-thymocyte globulin or alemtuzumab. Methotrexate-based GVHD prophylaxis was more common with 7/8 BM (79%) than with UCB (15%), in which mycophenolate mofetil was commonly used. The univariate estimates of GRFS and CRFS were 22% (95% confidence interval [CI], 16-29) and 27% (95% CI, 20-34), respectively, with 7/8 BM and 33% (95% CI, 31-36) and 38% (95% CI, 35-40), respectively, with UCB (P < .001). In multivariate analysis, 7/8 BM vs UCB had similar GRFS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.12; 95% CI, 0.87-1.45; P = .39), CRFS (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.82-1.38; P = .66), overall survival (HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.80-1.44; P = .66), and relapse (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.03-2.02; P = .03). However, the 7/8 BM group had a significantly higher risk for grade III-IV aGVHD (HR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.16-2.48; P = .006) compared with the UCB group. UCB and 7/8 BM groups had similar outcomes, as measured by GRFS and CRFS. However, given the higher risk for grade III-IV aGVHD, UCB might be preferred for patients lacking matched donors. © 2019 American Society of Hematology. All rights reserved.

Hsv-1 Live-Attenuated Vaccine Strain Vc2 Confers Complete Protection In Mice Against Ocular Immunipathogenesis By The Human Clinical Strain Hsv-1 (Mckrae), Shan Krishnan Naidu

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) can cause severe ocular infection and blindness. We have previously shown that the HSV-1 VC2 vaccine strain is protective in mice and guinea pigs against genital herpes infection following vaginal challenge with HSV-1 or HSV-2. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of VC2 intramuscular vaccination in mice against herpetic keratitis following ocular challenge with the lethal human clinical strain HSV-1(McKrae). VC2 vaccination in mice produced superior protection and morbidity control in comparison to its parental strain HSV-1(F). Specifically, after HSV-1(McKrae) ocular challenge, all VC2- vaccinated mice survived, while 30% of the HSV-1(F)- vaccinated and …

Optimization Of Surgical Prophylaxis In Penicillin-Allergic Labeled Patients, Katie A. Vandervelde

Research Days

No abstract provided.

Protein Joinery Using Molecular Cooperation: An Analysis Of The Capsid Stabilizing Interactions In Bacteriophage P22, Kunica Asija

Doctoral Dissertations

Bacteriophage P22 is an icosahedral phage with T=7 symmetry infecting host Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. P22 is an ideal model system to understand the assembly mechanisms of other phages and viruses such as the Herpes Simplex Virus due to the presence of the HK97 fold in their coat proteins. The assembly mechanism is a well-orchestrated event; however, we are yet to comprehend the significant structural changes that proteins undergo during assembly. The end of the assembly process is marked by the formation of a procapsid which then undergoes numerous conformational changes to form a functional, infectious virion. This event is …

Epidemic Growth Rates And Host Movement Patterns Shape Management Performance For Pathogen Spillover At The Wildlife–Livestock Interface, Kezia R. Manlove, Laura M. Sampson, Benny Borremans, E. Frances Cassirer, Ryan S. Miller, Kim M. Pepin, Thomas E. Besser, Paul C. Cross

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Managing pathogen spillover at the wildlife–livestock interface is a key step towards improving global animal health, food security and wildlife conservation. However, predicting the effectiveness of management actions across host–pathogen systems with different life histories is an on-going challenge since data on intervention effectiveness are expensive to collect and results are system-specific.We developed a simulation model to explore how the efficacies of different management strategies vary according to host movement patterns and epidemic growth rates. The model suggested that fast-growing, fast-moving epidemics like avian influenza were best-managed with actions like biosecurity or containment, which limited and localized overall spillover risk. …

Environmental Emergency Calls In Dallas, Texas: Applying The Brace Model To Assess The Effects Of Microclimates On Urban Design & Human Heat Stress, Crystal Marie Kazakos

Landscape Architecture Masters & Design Theses - Archive

The objective of the study is to investigate how the practice of landscape architecture can help mitigate the effects of climate change and the urban heat island effect on vulnerable block groups in Dallas, Texas by using a model framework, to assess, project, analyze, develop, and evaluate microclimates in these urban areas. This study investigated how the physical morphology of urban areas affect the frequency of heat-related environmental emergency calls by applying the Center for Disease Control’s (CDC) Building Resilience Against Climate Effects (BRACE) framework. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) was used to identify warm trends in Dallas block groups in …

An Investigation Of Possible Reservoirs Of Lymphoproliferative Disease Virus Of Turkeys In Mississippi, Walker Hyche

Honors Theses

Emerging infectious diseases are a problem among wildlife and domestic populations. It is critical for these diseases to be studied. Lymphoproliferative disease virus is a retrovirus affecting turkeys and chickens. Prior research originally identified the virus in the United Kingdom and Israel. The first case of LPDV in the United States was found in 2009 in Arkansas. This study tests different reservoirs for the virus. DNA was extracted from samples of different origins and preservation types. Through PCR and gel electrophoresis analysis, different sample types from turkey populations were tested for LPDV. This study provides a method for submitting blood …

Week Of May 13, 2019, New York Medical College

InTouch

• Department of Family and Community Medicine Hosts Seventh Annual Research Day
• NYMC Students Published in Academic Journals

Immigration, Adoption And Our National Identity, Shani M. King

Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

The Effectiveness Of Medication Assisted Treatment (Mat) Programs In Correctional Facilities: A Review Of The Evidence And Recommendations, Woodlyn Joachim

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Computational Modeling Of Bacterial Outer Membranes And Development Of High-Throughput Screening Platform For Antibiotics, Huilin Ma

Dissertations - ALL

Antibiotic resistance is a major health challenge because it limits the treatment options for common infectious diseases and will cause 10 million deaths each year after 2050. There is an urgent need to reduce the misuse of antibiotics and seek new classes of antibiotics that induce less or no resistance. Despite the push for new therapeutics, there has been a precipitous decline in the number of newly approved antibacterial drugs due to a limited understanding of how bacteria adapt to the chemical stress stimuli. The development of antimicrobial resistance is especially true for Gram-negative bacteria that develop resistance to antibiotics …

Overactive Bladder: Shortcomings Of Current Diagnostic And Treatment Approaches And A New Etiological Paradigm, Nina L. Franzen

Master's Theses

Aims: To examine the effectiveness of the current diagnostic and treatment approach of overactive bladder (OAB) and the relative impact of cognition on what is currently a bladder-centric condition. Methods: A review of the literature on OAB from the population to organ/brain level was conducted. The impact of age-induced bladder dysfunction via cognitive changes to sensory integration and attention control are discussed. Results: OAB uses bladder-centric terminology to represent a collection of symptoms with inconsistent and often unknown pathology. Proposed etiologies and therapeutic models for overactive bladder focus on the bladder organ, but evidence suggests that age-related degradation to inhibitory …

A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire-Based Descriptive Study Exploring The Presence Of Behavioral Risk Factors For Infection With Zika Virus Among Students And Employees At An Institution Of Higher Education In South Florida., Dorothy Contiguglia-Akcan, Shasank Chennupati, Sebastian Cuitiva, Christian-Immanuel Oliveros, Carol Marie Fraley, Tiffany Race, Daniel Garrido

Florida Public Health Review

In 2016 and 2017, South Florida was involved in an outbreak of locally-transmitted Zika virus. This questionnaire- based descriptive pilot study demonstrated the presence of behaviors that may be associated with increased risk of Zika transmission in a sample of respondents selected from an institution of higher education in the region. The majority of the 101 respondents living in Miami-Dade County reported inconsistent or no use of mosquito bite prevention methods, over one third (38.6%) traveled to local areas of active transmission, and almost two thirds (64.7%) of those reporting that their sexual partners traveled to local zones of viral …