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Smallpox Bioterrorism Preparedness: The Importance Of Technology And Education For Early Detection And Response, D Taylor Jorgenson-Rathke

Theses and Graduate Projects

The use of biological agents as weapons has been prevalent throughout history. Only when the US experienced a bioterrorist attack in 2001 did additional funding begin to invest in preparing for other potential attacks. These initial investments, along with others, have funded preventative measures such as mass surveillance through biosensor technology and the development of preparedness programs such as the Laboratory Response Network and Hospital Preparedness Program. Based on learnings from previous outbreak events, in the event of a bioterrorist attack involving smallpox early detection will be the key to initiating a rapid and effective response. Additionally, further measures need …

Freedom Of Expression And Opinion In Wartime: Assessing Ukraine's Ban On Citizen Access To Russian-Owned Websites, Natalie Holland

American University International Law Review

No abstract provided.

Article 36 Weapons Review & Autonomous Weapons Systems: Supporting An International Review Standard, Ryan Poitras

American University International Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Unemployment On Democratic Warfare, Andres Rakower

Honors Undergraduate Theses

This study was done to see the effects of a war on the economy and the internal politics of the United States. In selecting the engagement, we would study we agreed the Iraq War would be aided by a large amount of sampling of public opinion that was more nuanced than in previous wars. The Iraq War was a very complicated war, as it was controversial from the beginning and became a political issue while continuing to be a war fought by Americans abroad. Based on the literature, there were many starting effects and assumptions that were accounted for such …

When The Clocks Strike Thirteen: Political Repression In Modern America (1990-2015), Faiza Begani

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Abounding acts of repression committed in democracies have continued to be overlooked and under-analyzed by many researchers and scholars due to "democratic exceptionalism". As the United States enters yet another consecutive year of declining political satisfaction and freedom. It has become pertinent that as conflict study researchers, scholars, and readers alike that there is a basic understanding of coercion including acts that have been committed within our own countries. Countless scholars have focused conflict study research on underdeveloped or emerging democracies, yet many have overlooked the seamy side of developed ones. This article aims to explain the relationship between the …

Why Do Women And Children Join Insurgencies? A Comparative Study Of The Pkk And The Farc, Stephanie Melendez

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Why do women and children join insurgency groups? The subject has been a matter of extensive debate, with experts offering theories of motivation on well-known groups such as the National Liberation Front (FLN) or the Irish Republican Army (IRA). However, there has been a small amount of work comparing two insurgency groups and their participants to one another. This paper addresses the underlying reasons for why women and children join insurgencies, explicitly focusing on the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) in Turkey from their origins to the present. The paper uses interviews from …

Submission Or Subversion: Women With Shaved Hair In Media, Thea Cheuk

AUCTUS: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship

“It is quite obvious that the shaving of heads fundamentally damages the physical and moral integrity of those people for whom it was intended,” Fabrice Virgili asserts in his book Shorn Women: Gender and Punishment in Liberation France (135). For centuries, hair has been held as a standard of feminine beauty, therefore a lack of it has a long and storied history as well. Records of head shaving as a form of punishment for women can be traced back to Ancient Greek and Roman times. Shaving a woman’s head was a sign of sin and shame, and stripped them of …

Can A Comprehensive Transition Plan To Barefoot Running Be The Solution To The Injury Epidemic In American Endurance Runners?, Michael A. Scarlett

CMC Senior Theses

Fossils belonging to the genus Homo, dating as far back as two million years ago, exhibit uniquely efficient features suggesting that early humans had evolved to become exceptional endurance runners. Although they did not have the cushion or stability-control features provided in our modern day running shoes, our early human ancestors experienced far less of the running-related injuries we experience today. The injury rate has been estimated as high as 90% annually for Americans training for a marathon and as high as 79% annually for all American endurance runners. There is an injury epidemic in conventionally shod populations that …

Lang And Law: Analyzing Representations Of Law, Justice, And Violence In The Films Of Fritz Lang, Dante Fresse

Honors Theses

This thesis analyzes the representations of Law, Justice, and Violence in the German and American films of Fritz Lang. Through an overview of legal and social unrest in Germany and courtroom drama, criminal conviction, mob violence, and police corruption in America, Lang challenges the legitimacy of Law and shows how it is subverted by outside forces. At other times, Lang shows Law working in collusion with criminal agencies or against the interests of the public. In doing this, Lang’s films present images of legal decay in the urban sphere, prompted by anxieties which come about through spatial alienation, city structure, …

Destruction, Reconstruction, And Remembrance: Exploring 'Memory' And 'Environment' Through Pennsylvania World War I Memorials In France, Amy Collins

Honors Theses

After examining the substantial efforts at land reclamation and environmental mitigation accompanying the State of Pennsylvania’s construction of memorials after World War I in France, I discovered a strong relationship between post-war memorialization and environmental mitigation in the areas in which the environmental consequences of WWI continue to affect humans and wildlife. My research illuminates how cultural impulses to build memorials that acknowledged the vast losses, acts of valor, and victories heavily influenced mitigation of France’s ecologically damaged Western Front. Many of France’s former battlefields, particularly in the devastated area known as the Red Zone, weren’t accessible to visitors before …

Smart Machines And Smarter Policy: Foreign Investment Regulation, National Security, And Technology Transfer In The Age Of Artificial Intelligence, 51 J. Marshall L. Rev. 279 (2018), Justin Shields

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Kennedy’S Last Term: A Report On The 2017–2018 Supreme Court, Kevin C. Walsh, Marc O. Degirolami

Scholarly Articles

Twenty-eighteen brought the end of Justice Anthony Kennedy’s tenure on the Supreme Court. We are now entering a period of uncertainty about American constitutional law. Will we remain on the trajectory of the last half-century? Or will the Court move in a different direction?

The character of the Supreme Court in closely divided cases is often a function of the median justice. The new median justice will be Chief Justice John Roberts if Kennedy’s replacement is a conservative likely to vote most often with Justices Clarence Thomas, Neil Gorsuch, and Samuel Alito. This will mark a new phase of the …

The Rise Of Risk In International Law, Stephen Townley

Chicago Journal of International Law

Risk analysis—a coping mechanism for the uncertainties we see everywhere around us—is on the rise, including at the international level. It now informs, for instance, the work of the Security Council and human rights law and practice. While the story of how risk analysis has inflected international environmental law is frequently told, there has been little attention paid to the way in which risk is increasingly relevant to other areas of international law, including through “due diligence” standards. This Article fills this gap, describing risk’s propagation across different international legal fields. It also offers a taxonomy of the ways in …

Drone Warfare And Just War Theory, Harry Van Der Linden

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

This book chapter addresses two questions. First, can targeted killing by drones in non-battlefield zones be justified on basis of just war theory? Second, will the proliferation and expansion of combat drones in warfare, including the introduction of autonomous drones, be an obstacle to initiating or executing wars in a just manner in the future? The first question is answered by applying traditional jus ad bellum (justice in the resort to war) and jus in bello (justice in the execution of war) principles to the American targeted killing campaign in Pakistan; the second question is answered on basis of principles …

Measuring The Impact Of Gun Violence On South Carolina Emergency Departments, Roxanne Renee Johnson

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Gun violence is a significant problem across the United States, and the economic impact of gun violence in South Carolina is not well understood. There has been a historical policy- driven trend to limit research on gun violence. Therefore, few empirical studies have been done to examine this problem. In order to determine the impact of gun violence on the healthcare utilization and cost resulting from gunshot wounds and injuries, ICD codes for state-level billing data were used to enable an estimation of county specific cost associated with gun violence. Federal laws exist on background check requirements although, state laws …

Desplazamientos Y Resistencia Femenina Durante La Guerra Del Pacífico: Las Memorias De Antonia Moreno De Cáceres, Ruth Solarte González

Decimonónica

En 1974, después de casi un siglo de anonimato, el libro Recuerdos de la campaña de La Breña sale a la luz pública.¹ La obra se cimenta en las memorias de doña Antonia Moreno de Cáceres. Esta señora revive escenas y episodios de su experiencia durante la Guerra del Pacífico (1879-1883), también conocida como la Guerra del guano, un conflicto territorial entre Perú, Bolivia y Chile. Doña Antonia vive la conflagración al lado de su esposo, el General Andrés Avelino Cáceres, líder militar de la campaña de La Breña. Las memorias de Moreno de Cáceres fueron trascritas por su …

The Sorrowful Muslim's Guide, Hussein Ahmad Amin, Yasmin Amin, Nesrin Amin

In Translation: Modern Muslim Thinkers

Explores the interaction between pre-Islamic tradition and modern supporters of continuity, reform and change in Muslim communities

Published as Dalīl al-Muslim al-ḥazīn ilā muqtada-l-sulūk fī’l-qarn al-ʿishrīn in 1983, this book remains a timely and important read today. Both the resurgence of Islamist politics and the political, social and intellectual upheaval which accompanied the Arab Spring challenge us to re-examine the interaction between the pre-modern Islamic tradition and modern supporters of continuity, reform and change in Muslim communities.

This book does exactly that, raising questions regarding issues about which other Muslim intellectuals and thinkers have been silent. These include – among …

Synthesis And Large-Scale Textual Corpora: A Nested Topic Model Of Britain's Debates Over Landed Property In The Nineteenth Century, Jo Guldi, Benjamin Williams

History Faculty Publications

Scholars need tools that will allow them to generalize about the fit of themes, events, and rhetorical styles represented in a body of texts. In this article, we introduce the concept of “nested topics,” an approach to topic modeling large-scale textual corpora that highlights implicit ontologies and relationships within the texts themselves. This tool exploits the fact that topic modeling can be used to generalize about topics on an aggregate level as well as a fine-grained level, an approach that has the consequences of revealing overarching themes that appear across all texts as well as more idosyncratic events and rehtorical …

U.S. Economic Sanctions And The Corporate Compliance Of Foreign Banks, David Restrepo Amariles, Matteo Winkler

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

The Adaptation To Head And Neck Cancer In The Veteran Population, Diane Marie Sobecki-Ryniak

Wayne State University Dissertations

ABSTRACT

ADAPTATION TO HEAD AND NECK CANCER IN THE VETERAN POPULATION: A PILOT STUDY

By

DIANE SOBECKI-RYNIAK

December 2018

Advisor: Dr. Margaret Campbell

Major: Nursing

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

Post-traumatic stress disorder in the head and neck cancer veteran population may present a challenge to adaptation during diagnosis and treatment of illness. The evaluation of post traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression and quality of life were examined and correlated against symptom occurrence and triggering of post traumatic symptoms across experiences. A significant correlation between PTSD-C and PTSD-S was found (r = 0.91, p = 0.001); there was a non-significant correlation …

Domestic Terrorism In The United States, Joe B. Williams

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Lone wolf terrorism has received considerable media attention, yet this phenomenon has not been sufficiently examined in an academic study. National security officials must distinguish between terrorist activities carried out by lone wolves and those carried out by terrorist networks for effective intervention and potential prevention. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the phenomenon of the leaderless lone wolf terrorist and the underlying mechanisms and processes that lead individuals to be drawn to or away from an existing radical movement. The theoretical framework for this study was leaderless resistance theory. Secondary data from interviews, field notes, and …

Government And Nongovernmental Collaboration To Build Community Resiliency Against Terrorism In Oklahoma City, Kimberly K. Heltz

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The way communities build resiliency and prepare for acts of terrorism is ambiguous in the United States; best practices remain unclear. Due to mobility and advancements in communication technologies, individuals and organizations share information, incite anger, recruit, and act on ideological grievances with ease. Such grievances are bolstered by the political and social exclusion of disparate groups through poorly designed policies and ineffective government structures. Using a combination of social constructivism and systems thinking theories, this case study explored collaboration efforts between government agencies and nongovernment experts in Oklahoma City, OK, identifying best practices as a result of lessons learned …

American National Security Strategy As It Pertains To The Afghanistan War, Robert Hayworth

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Following 16 years of war in Afghanistan the number of U.S. military, Coalition forces and Afghan civilian fatalities has exceeded the number of Americans lost on 9/11 and has cost the United States nearly $841 billion dollars. The results are that Afghanistan remains in turmoil and that terrorist attacks, the reason for the invasion, continues. The question is should United States assess a different approach that would result in less blood and treasure being spent to address the need to mitigate terrorist threats. Guided by the analysis of conventional- centric and asymmetric-centric approaches to a counterterrorism strategy, this qualitative study …

Systems Security Engineering For Mission Assurance: System-Theoretic And Technical Operational Risk Management (Storm), Shiu-Kai Chin, Tyson T. Brooks, Erich Devendorf, William E. Young

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

STORM (System-Theoretic and Technical Operational Risk Management) is a systems security engineering (SSE) methodology for assuring missions and managing risk. Fully consistent with the System Security Engineering principles and objectives as described in NIST SP 800-160, STORM addresses the shortcomings of compliance-centric approaches by providing rigorous, behavior-focused tools applicable at both leadership and technical levels.

STORM integrates two principal components: STPA-Sec (System-Theoretic Process Analysis for Security) and CSBD (Certified Security by Design). STPA-Sec is used to derive and validate a mission Concept of Operation (CONOPS) by enumerating unacceptable losses, identifying hazards and unsafe control actions, and identifying security constraints. CSBD …

The Security And Human Rights Dilemma: An Inquiry Into U.S.-Ethiopia Diplomatic Relations 1991-2012, Seife Ayalew

Northwestern Journal of Human Rights

In the post-1991 U.S.-Ethiopian diplomacy, the use of foreign policy as a framework to advance the cause of human rights has faced several challenges rooted in the way human rights is defined and the intricate interests vested in the U.S. foreign policy establishment. This article elucidates the limitations and challenges of diplomatic machinery as a framework for advancing the cause of human rights. First, human rights in the U.S. foreign policy machine have been given a marginal or subordinate place in diplomatic priorities. Second, the Government of Ethiopia’s (GOE) resistance and tough diplomatic measures and Ethiopia’s strategic importance to the …

Targeted Capture, Alexander K.A. Greenawalt

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

This Article confronts one of the most difficult and contested questions in the debate about targeted killing that has raged in academic and policy circles over the last decade. Suppose that, in wartime, the target of a military strike may readily be neutralized through nonlethal means such as capture. Do the attacking forces have an obligation to pursue that nonlethal alternative? The Article defends the duty to employ less restrictive means (“LRM”) in wartime, and it advances several novel arguments in defense of that obligation. In contrast to those who look to external restraints--such as those imposed by international human …

'Agrarians Or Anarchists?' The Venceremos Brigades To Cuba, State Surveillance, And The Fbi As Biographer And Archivist, Teishan A. Latner

College of Humanities and Sciences Faculty Papers

In the late 1960s, as thousands of Americans traveled to Cuba to evaluate the nation’s evolving revolutionary process, the FBI launched a surveillance campaign designed to prove that travel to the communist island by US citizens represented a threat to national security. Focusing on the FBI’s investigation of the Venceremos Brigade, a radical humanitarian organization that sent delegations of Americans to Cuba as volunteers for agricultural and construction projects, this article evaluates the FBI’s claims that Cuba was indoctrinating leftwing Americans with revolutionary theory and training them in guerrilla warfare. But while state surveillance was intended to criminalize the Venceremos …

The Right To Arms In Nineteenth Century Colorado, David B. Kopel

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.

Cyber Security And Risk Society: Estonian Discourse On Cyber Risk And Security Strategy, Lauren Kook

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

The main aim of this thesis is to call for a new analysis of cyber security which departs from the traditional security theory. I argue that the cyber domain is inherently different in nature, in that it is lacking in traditional boundaries and is reflexive in nature. Policy-makers are aware of these characteristics, and in turn this awareness changes the way that national cyber security strategy is handled and understood. These changes cannot be adequately understood through traditional understanding of security, as they often are, without missing significant details. Rather, examining these changes through the lens of Ulrich Beck’s risk …

Customizable Phased Array Antenna Using Reconfigurable Antenna Elements, Mahmoud Shirazi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A shared-aperture reconfigurable slot-ring antenna array switching between different frequency bands and polarizations is presented for phased array applications. PIN diode switches are incorporated into the slots of the antenna to change the state of the reconfigurable slot-ring antenna array. Each frequency band has its own feeding lines which allows for the use of high-performance narrow-band transmit/receive (T/R) modules instead of ultra wideband (UWB) T/R modules. Furthermore, the spacing between the elements in each frequency band is less than half free-space wavelength (λ0) over the frequency band of operation which enables grating-lobe-free beam scanning. This is the first shared-aperture reconfigurable …