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2018

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Genotype-Phenotype Study In Patients With Valosin-Containing Protein Mutations Associated With Multisystem Proteinopathy, Ebaa Al-Obeidi, Sejad Al-Tahan, Abhilasha Surampalli, Namita Goyal, Annabel K. Wang, Andreas Hermann, Molly Omizo, Charles D. Smith, Tahseen Mozaffar, Virginia Kimonis Jan 2018

Genotype-Phenotype Study In Patients With Valosin-Containing Protein Mutations Associated With Multisystem Proteinopathy, Ebaa Al-Obeidi, Sejad Al-Tahan, Abhilasha Surampalli, Namita Goyal, Annabel K. Wang, Andreas Hermann, Molly Omizo, Charles D. Smith, Tahseen Mozaffar, Virginia Kimonis

Neurology Faculty Publications

Mutations in valosin‐containing protein (VCP), an ATPase involved in protein degradation and autophagy, cause VCP disease, a progressive autosomal dominant adult onset multisystem proteinopathy. The goal of this study is to examine if phenotypic differences in this disorder could be explained by the specific gene mutations. We therefore studied 231 individuals (118 males and 113 females) from 36 families carrying 15 different VCP mutations. We analyzed the correlation between the different mutations and prevalence, age of onset and severity of myopathy, Paget's disease of bone (PDB), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and other comorbidities. Myopathy, PDB and FTD was present in …


Autonomic Dysreflexia After Spinal Cord Injury: Systemic Pathophysiology And Methods Of Management, Khalid C. Eldahan, Alexander G. Rabchevsky Jan 2018

Autonomic Dysreflexia After Spinal Cord Injury: Systemic Pathophysiology And Methods Of Management, Khalid C. Eldahan, Alexander G. Rabchevsky

Physiology Faculty Publications

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) has widespread physiological effects beyond the disruption of sensory and motor function, notably the loss of normal autonomic and cardiovascular control. Injury at or above the sixth thoracic spinal cord segment segregates critical spinal sympathetic neurons from supraspinal modulation which can result in a syndrome known as autonomic dysreflexia (AD). AD is defined as episodic hypertension and concomitant baroreflex-mediated bradycardia initiated by unmodulated sympathetic reflexes in the decentralized cord. This condition is often triggered by noxious yet unperceived visceral or somatic stimuli below the injury level and if severe enough can require immediate medical attention. …


Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Associates With Myocardial Oxygen Demand And Exercise Tolerance In Postmenopausal Women, Stephen J. Carter, David R. Bryan, William H. Neumeier, Stephen P. Glasser, Gary R. Hunter Jan 2018

Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Associates With Myocardial Oxygen Demand And Exercise Tolerance In Postmenopausal Women, Stephen J. Carter, David R. Bryan, William H. Neumeier, Stephen P. Glasser, Gary R. Hunter

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

The functional implications of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a marker of oxidative stress, on hemodynamic parameters at rest and during physical exertion are unclear. The aims of this investigation were to examine the independent associations of TNF-α on myocardial oxygen demand at rest and during submaximal exercise, while also evaluating the association of TNF-α on exercise tolerance. Forty, postmenopausal women, provided blood samples and completed a modified-Balke protocol to measure maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Large artery compliance was measured by pulse contour analyses while rate-pressure product (RPP), an index of myocardial oxygen demand, was measured at rest …


The Use Of Machine Learning To Detect Suckling In Pre-Weaned Calves, Sukumar Katamreddy Jan 2018

The Use Of Machine Learning To Detect Suckling In Pre-Weaned Calves, Sukumar Katamreddy

Theses

The weaning of cattle is a process which is known to be labour intensive and to have stressful effects on both cow and calf Common methods used in the weaning process include the temporary removal of a mother from the calf and manual observation and intervention. Early and speedy weaning is known to have a number of benefits, including health benefits for both cow and calf, additional weight gains for the calves as well as reduced labour and feed requirements. The process known as Two-Stage Weaning is recognised to be an effective low-stress approach to weaning in which the calf …


The Resurgence Of American Nativism In The Early-Twentieth Century And Its Effects On Industrial Hemp Production In The United States, Roman King Jan 2018

The Resurgence Of American Nativism In The Early-Twentieth Century And Its Effects On Industrial Hemp Production In The United States, Roman King

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

Congress passed the Marihuana Tax Act on August 2, 1937, which officially made it illegal to handle any form of Cannabis sativa L. without adhering to mandatory taxes and registration forms. The American cultivation of industrial hemp (fibrous, non-psychoactive C. sativa L.), became non-existent by 1958 due to the strict penalties associated with the 1937 Tax Act. Industrial hemp served as a staple of American life from the arrival of the first English colonists in North America up until the textile conquest of King Cotton in the early-nineteenth century. Despite the rise of cotton and the importation of cheap foreign …


Distribution Of Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus (Perv) Variants In Domestic And Feral Pigs, Rashmi Acharya Jan 2018

Distribution Of Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus (Perv) Variants In Domestic And Feral Pigs, Rashmi Acharya

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

Xenotransplantation is considered an alternative to allotransplantation to relieve the current shortage of human organs. Due to their similar size and physiology, the organs of pigs are of particular interest for this purpose. Endogenous retroviruses are a result of integration of retroviral genomes into the genome of infected germ cells as DNA copies (proviruses), which are then carried in all cells of the offspring of the organism. Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses (PERVs) are of special concern because they are found in pig organs and tissue that might be used for xenotransplantation. PERV proviruses, already incorporated into the pig’s genome, can be …


An Evaluation Of Trap-Neuter-Release Practices For Free-Roaming Cat Populations, Brian Gaston Jan 2018

An Evaluation Of Trap-Neuter-Release Practices For Free-Roaming Cat Populations, Brian Gaston

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

As of 2002, estimates of free-roaming domestic cat (Felis catus) populations exceeded 100 million individuals, throughout the United States. Many lost or abandoned cats will revert to living outdoors as free-roaming individuals. To try to control the abundance of free-roaming cats, trap-neuter-release (TNR) programs have been implemented across the United States. The goal of many TNR programs is to reduce cat populations by sterilizing the individuals to prevent breeding, while also providing food and water to the unconfined colony. However, wildlife conservationists question the effectiveness of TNR programs. The objectives of my study were to: determine the population size and …


Reflections On Stem, Standards, And Disciplinary Focus, Philip A. Reed Jan 2018

Reflections On Stem, Standards, And Disciplinary Focus, Philip A. Reed

STEMPS Faculty Publications

The article offers information concerning STEM education, technology education discipline, and standards for technological literacy. It discusses a revision of the "Standards for Technological Literacy" transcending the existing K-12 focus as well as including PreK, informal and extracurricular technology education, adult learning, and other settings.


Voice Pitch Influences On Teaching Evaluations And Student Learning, Thomas Augustin Jan 2018

Voice Pitch Influences On Teaching Evaluations And Student Learning, Thomas Augustin

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

Prior research in the realm of marketing and voting behaviors have indicated how voice pitch can have an impact on consumers’ and voters’ perception of personality characteristics. With the rise of online lectures, this study examined the impact of voice pitch, gender of a professor, and the subject taught on professor evaluation and student learning. The study simulated an online lecture where participants listened to a prerecorded lesson of Generalized Anxiety Disorder or Standard Deviation. This study looked to see if different voice pitch (high pitch, low pitch) of opposing genders (male, female) would have an effect on a student’s …


Fostering Giftedness And Creativity: Implementing Engineering By Design In Kuwait, Nathan Mentzer, Philip A. Reed, Meshari Alnouri, Mohammad Barbarji Jan 2018

Fostering Giftedness And Creativity: Implementing Engineering By Design In Kuwait, Nathan Mentzer, Philip A. Reed, Meshari Alnouri, Mohammad Barbarji

STEMPS Faculty Publications

The article offers information on a partnership between the International Technology & Engineering Educators Association (ITEEA) and the Sabah Al Ahmad Center for Giftedness and Creativity (SACGC) to support innovation and design education. The partnership is aimed towards the implementation of the Engineering byDesign (EbD) curriculum and contribute towards building a Kuwaiti society that fosters giftedness and creativity.


Identification And Characterization Of Tri-Colored Bat Hibernaculum In Russell County, Kansas, Angelica Sprague Jan 2018

Identification And Characterization Of Tri-Colored Bat Hibernaculum In Russell County, Kansas, Angelica Sprague

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

Caves are often essential during hibernation, a sensitive stage in the life cycle of bats. Caves offer more stable conditions, such as temperature and relative humidity, during the changing seasons when food supply is limited, and weather is unstable. As caves in North-Central Kansas are sparse, the hibernating status of tri-colored bat (Perimyotis subflavus) is not well known. Bats are experiencing substantial population declines within the United States, caused primarily by white nose-syndrome, as well as habitat loss and degradation, and increased wind-power facilities. In the winter seasons of 2015 and 2016, I studied tri-colored bat hibernacula. A man-made “cave” …


Incorporating Multi-Spectral Imaging Into Long-Term Upland Breeding Bird Monitoring, Kyle William Schumacher Jan 2018

Incorporating Multi-Spectral Imaging Into Long-Term Upland Breeding Bird Monitoring, Kyle William Schumacher

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

Quivira National Wildlife Refuge in Kansas, United States partnered with Fort Hays State University Hays, KS in 2014 to begin a collaborative research project that aimed to develop a long-term monitoring protocol guided by the Comprehensive Conservation Plan for the refuge published in 2013. This plan identified specific wildlife taxa underrepresented in management impact assessments throughout the property. As a result of this plan, surveys were established to monitor interactions between upland breeding birds and the vegetation community. I conducted point count surveys in 2016, 2017, and 2018 for 122 observation points across four transects. I measured seventeen vegetation variables …


The Psychopath's Worldview: How Psychopathy Affects Attitudes Towards Others, Arianne Fisher Jan 2018

The Psychopath's Worldview: How Psychopathy Affects Attitudes Towards Others, Arianne Fisher

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

Psychopathy has been related to overall negative perceptions of others in past research, but the reason for these negative attitudes is unclear. The current study investigated the relationship between psychopathy and attitudes toward others and attempted to explain these negative attitudes by testing empathy and early maladaptive schemas as mediators and social dominance orientation as a moderator for this relationship. There were 191 participants in the current study; participants first read a short story and took a scale assessing attitudes toward the characters; then, they completed the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, the SDO7, the Young Schema Questionnaire-SF, and the Levenson Self-Report …


The Effect Of Increased Quizzing On Retention Of Material By Histology Laboratory Students, R. J. Nogrady Jan 2018

The Effect Of Increased Quizzing On Retention Of Material By Histology Laboratory Students, R. J. Nogrady

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

In traditional approaches to teaching, examinations and quizzes have been considered secondary activities, designed to assess and motivate learning, but not generally as teaching tools in themselves (Roediger and Butler, 2011). However, abundant psychological research in laboratory settings indicates that the act of taking a quiz or examination on the material can directly enhance retention of that material in ways which are distinct from and often more effective than restudying of the material. This phenomenon is now referred to as the testing effect. The testing effect hypothesis asserts that (1) repeated retrieval attempts have a longer lasting effect on retention …


Lonicera Maackii Alters Decay Dynamics Of Coarse Woody Debris, Michaela J. Woods Jan 2018

Lonicera Maackii Alters Decay Dynamics Of Coarse Woody Debris, Michaela J. Woods

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Since industrialization, anthropogenic carbon emissions have led to excess atmospheric carbon dioxide that may alter the stability of ecosystem processes. Microorganisms are essential in mitigating excess carbon and play a notable role in the breakdown of organic material. This process, decomposition, is essential in forested ecosystems where microorganisms can recycle nutrients and store carbon in soil organic matter or release it through respiration. Fungi participate in decomposition through the release of enzymes responsible for carrying out the chemical reactions that break down plant material. Species introductions have the potential to alter decomposition dynamics. In the Midwestern US, the invasive shrub …


Avicin Is A Potent Sphingomyelinase Inhibitor That Blocks K-Ras Plasma Membrane Interaction And Its Oncogenic Activity, Christian M. Garrido Jan 2018

Avicin Is A Potent Sphingomyelinase Inhibitor That Blocks K-Ras Plasma Membrane Interaction And Its Oncogenic Activity, Christian M. Garrido

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Ras proteins are small GTPases that regulate cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. There are three main isoforms: H-, N-, and K-Ras in mammalian cells, and they cycle between an active GTP- and inactive GDP-bound states. Constitutively active Ras mutations are found in ~15% of all human cancers. Of those, oncogenic K-Ras is found in ~98% of pancreatic, ~52% colorectal, and ~32% of lung cancers. In nearly 30 years since its discovery, there are no anti-K-Ras drugs currently available for clinical use. Since K-Ras must be localized to the plasma membrane (PM) for its full biological activity, targeting K-Ras PM interaction …


Divergent Scaling Of Miniature Excitatory Post-Synaptic Current Amplitudes In Homeostatic Plasticity, Amanda L. Hanes Jan 2018

Divergent Scaling Of Miniature Excitatory Post-Synaptic Current Amplitudes In Homeostatic Plasticity, Amanda L. Hanes

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Synaptic plasticity, the ability of neurons to modulate their inputs in response to changing stimuli, occurs in two forms which have opposing effects on synaptic physiology. Hebbian plasticity induces rapid, persistent changes at individual synapses in a positive feedback manner. Homeostatic plasticity is a negative feedback effect that responds to chronic changes in network activity by inducing opposing, network-wide changes in synaptic strength and restoring activity to its original level. The changes in synaptic strength can be measured as changes in the amplitudes of miniature post-synaptic excitatory currents (mEPSCs). Together, the two forms of plasticity underpin nervous system functions such …


The Missing Metric: An Evaluation Of Microorganism Importance In Wetland Assessments, Aaron John Onufrak Jan 2018

The Missing Metric: An Evaluation Of Microorganism Importance In Wetland Assessments, Aaron John Onufrak

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

In the contiguous US, an estimated 50% of original wetland areas have been lost since the late 1700s. In growing recognition of the importance of preserving wetland ecosystem function, federal and state agencies have developed proxy-based functional-assessment procedures to manage and preserve remaining wetland areas. Ohio uses the Ohio Rapid Assessment Method (ORAM) to score wetland quality based on six metrics: wetland size, buffer width and surrounding land use, hydrology, habitat alteration and development, special wetland communities, and vegetation. Currently, the ORAM, and many other wetland scoring systems, do not consider microorganisms when determining wetland quality. This is particularly notable, …


A Novel Method To Analyze Dna Breaks And Repair In Human Cells, Caitlin Elizabeth Goodman Jan 2018

A Novel Method To Analyze Dna Breaks And Repair In Human Cells, Caitlin Elizabeth Goodman

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Microsatellites repeat sequences are prone to forming non-canonical DNA structures and mutations. These areas of the genome can undergo expansions and contractions and are responsible for a variety of inherited neurological and neuromuscular disorders. Hairpin structures formed by trinucleotide repeats can lead to replication fork stalling, and fork collapse causing DNA double strand breaks. Various mechanisms are involved in processing microsatellites including mismatch repair, base excision repair, and crossover junction endonuclease cleavage. These processes, which are supposed to protect the genome, could also be the culprits which are causing mutations. In order to test and study this hypothesis, the use …


Anthropogenic Noise Alters Avian Community Composition In Temperate Forests, Chelsea Jill Wright Jan 2018

Anthropogenic Noise Alters Avian Community Composition In Temperate Forests, Chelsea Jill Wright

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Noise is an under-appreciated source of pollution that can influence the spatial distribution of birds. In this study, I examined how noise frequency and intensity (both background noise (kHz) and decibel levels (dB)) affected avian richness, density, and number of birds that sing with the same frequency as anthropogenic noise (low note frequency). I also examined the responses of two species in detail, the Eastern Wood Pewee and the Acadian Flycatcher, because they lack song plasticity. I examined whether they responded to noise by avoiding "noisy" areas or shifting their song frequency. I examined the response of bird communities to …


A Planarian Tau Tubulin Kinase Homolog Is Required For Spermatogenesis And Epithelial Ciliogenesis, Robert Alan Magley Jan 2018

A Planarian Tau Tubulin Kinase Homolog Is Required For Spermatogenesis And Epithelial Ciliogenesis, Robert Alan Magley

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Tubulin comprises the structural element of microtubules and Tau is one of many microtubule-associated proteins. Tau Tubulin Kinase (TTBK) phosphorylates both Tau and Tubulin and is required for the initial steps of cilia formation. Due to the structural similarities between cilia and sperm flagella, as well as the enriched expression of TTBK1 and TTBK2 in human testes, we hypothesized that TTBK homologs play a role in sperm maturation. This hypothesis was tested in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea, a lophotrochozoan model capable of whole-body regeneration and development a complete reproductive system post-embryonically. Six TTBK homologs were identified in the genome of …


Effects Of Hydrological Connectivity On The Benthos Of A Large River (Lower Mississippi River, Usa), Audrey B. Harrison Jan 2018

Effects Of Hydrological Connectivity On The Benthos Of A Large River (Lower Mississippi River, Usa), Audrey B. Harrison

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The effects of hydrological connectivity between the Mississippi River main channel and adjacent secondary channel and floodplain habitats on macroinvertebrate community structure, water chemistry, and sediment makeup and chemistry are analyzed. In river-floodplain systems, connectivity between the main channel and the surrounding floodplain is critical in maintaining ecosystem processes. Floodplains comprise a variety of aquatic habitat types, including frequently connected secondary channels and oxbows, as well as rarely connected backwater lakes and pools. Herein, the effects of connectivity on riverine and floodplain biota, as well as the impacts of connectivity on the physiochemical makeup of both the water and sediments …


The Influence Of Self-Prescribed Knee Bracing On Walking In Healthy Adults, Lauren Luginsland Jan 2018

The Influence Of Self-Prescribed Knee Bracing On Walking In Healthy Adults, Lauren Luginsland

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The knee is one of the most commonly loaded anatomical joints in the human body due to maintaining an upright posture. Increased joint loading can lead to various injuries which can either be treated surgically or non-surgically including immobilization by bracing. Numerous studies have looked at functional knee bracing post-operative surgery creating a gap within the literature analyzing non-operative functional knee braces within a healthy population. Commonly prescribed functional knee braces such as the Ossur Rebound® have been prescribed by physicians, but also available over-the-counter for self-prescription to assist with injury prevention, stabilization, and protection. Previous studies have looked at …


Development And Characterization Of Fluocinolone Acetonide Loaded Nanosized Lipid Carriers For Ocular Delivery Via Subconjunctival Route: Synergistic Effect Of Vitamin A Palmitate, Bhavik Soneta Jan 2018

Development And Characterization Of Fluocinolone Acetonide Loaded Nanosized Lipid Carriers For Ocular Delivery Via Subconjunctival Route: Synergistic Effect Of Vitamin A Palmitate, Bhavik Soneta

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Though nanotechnology which exploits the use of nanoparticles for therapeutic application have embarked as an emerging tool for drug delivery applications, the delivery of therapeutic molecules into deep ocular compartments has always been a challenging task. In this regard, the main objective of our current investigation was to develop and evaluate the fluocinolone acetonide (FA) loaded nanostructure lipid carrier (FA-NLC) in situ gel for improved ocular bioavailability by subconjunctival injection. FA, a corticosteroid administered for inhibiting the ocular inflammation either as intravitreal injection or as intravitreal implants. The FA-NLCs were developed by using vitamin A palmitate as one of the …


Synthesis And Characterization Of Redox-Sensitive Polymer And Prodrug For Targeted Drug Delivery, Chang-Hee Whang Jan 2018

Synthesis And Characterization Of Redox-Sensitive Polymer And Prodrug For Targeted Drug Delivery, Chang-Hee Whang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Systemic administration of chemotherapeutics is associated with various side effects deriving from accumulation in off-target sites and acute toxicity of the drugs. In the past decade, engineering targeted drug delivery platforms arose as a novel paradigm to overcome such obstacles and ultimately achieve advanced forms of chemotherapy. This thesis reports successful syntheses of l-RSP, a redox-sensitive self-immolative polymer, and DNS-SN38, thiol-sensitive SN-38 prodrug, as potential candidates for targeted drug delivery platforms. By covalently conjugating a redox-trigger (p-nitrobenzyl alcohol) and self-immolative linker (p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol) to the cyclization spacer (n-2-(hydroxyethyl)ethylene diamine), a novel self-immolative monomer was obtained. Polymerization of the respective monomer …


A Novel Acetaminophen Soft-Chew Formulation Produced Via Hot Melt Extrusion With Inline Near-Infrared Monitoring As A Process Analytical Technology Tool, Pengchong Xu Jan 2018

A Novel Acetaminophen Soft-Chew Formulation Produced Via Hot Melt Extrusion With Inline Near-Infrared Monitoring As A Process Analytical Technology Tool, Pengchong Xu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

People suffer dysphagia when swallowing hard tablets and capsules. Gelatin based soft chewable tablets was used as an alternative and novel drug delivery format to overcome dysphagia. But conventional method of producing gelatin based soft chewable tablets has many potential issues. The objective of this study is using glycerol and hot-melt extrusion technique to address potential issues and optimizing the formulation. Gelatin (15%), acetaminophen (30%), saccharin (1.5%), xylitol (6.5%), sodium chloride (2%) and six different ratios of water (45-0%) and glycerol (0-45%) were used in seven formulations. The extrusion process temperature of formulation 1-6 and formulation 7 were 90 ëšc …


A Teleosemantic Theory Of The Deep-Unconscious: A Response To John R. Searle's Account Of The Unconscious, Kelly Adkins Jan 2018

A Teleosemantic Theory Of The Deep-Unconscious: A Response To John R. Searle's Account Of The Unconscious, Kelly Adkins

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In mind, John R. Searle dismisses the deep-unconscious on the grounds that it neither satisfies the connection principle nor does it exhibit intentionality. I argue against Searle's account of the unconscious. My initial reason for rejecting Searle's account is that he sacrifices the theoretical virof explanatory power for the sake of ontological simplicity. The reason the unconscious mind gained theoretical sustenance in the first place was to understand and explain various aspects of human behavior that consciousness cannot account for, so any good theory of the unconscious ought to fill this explanatory gap. By oversimplifying the unconscious, Searle's account cannot …


Gender Discrimination In Online Markets, Christopher Anthony Cotropia, Jonathan Masur, David L. Schwartz Jan 2018

Gender Discrimination In Online Markets, Christopher Anthony Cotropia, Jonathan Masur, David L. Schwartz

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

We study whether a seller’s gender impacts the bargained-for price in a product market, specifically baseball cards, as well whether any discrimination that might be present is taste-based or statistically-based. We accomplish this by isolating the seller’s gender using an online transaction on eBay where the buyer is exposed to the seller’s gender by only the seller’s hand and name. We test for differential treatment in two environments: a field experiment, in which we actually sell cards on eBay, and a laboratory experiment, in which we conduct surveys via Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk). We find that there is consistent differential …


Diversity Ideology In The Cccu: A Critical Discourse Analysis, Desiree Libengood Jan 2018

Diversity Ideology In The Cccu: A Critical Discourse Analysis, Desiree Libengood

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

As American demographics shift, it is necessary for institutions of higher education to adapt to the needs of an increasingly diverse student population. Christian colleges and universities have often been criticized for their lack of diversity efforts, and much of the existing research focuses on this deficiency. Some Christian institutions, however, work diligently to increase diversity on their campuses and to support the needs of a diverse student body. In the Council for Christian Colleges and Universities (CCCU), for example, several institutions with high commitment to diversity have received the Racial Harmony Award (RHA). Focusing specifically on racial/ethnic diversity in …


The Need To Equip Lutheran Congregations In Mission For Christ Church Planters For Spiritual Warfare, David John Heinrich Jan 2018

The Need To Equip Lutheran Congregations In Mission For Christ Church Planters For Spiritual Warfare, David John Heinrich

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The goal of this research project was to address the need for spiritual warfare training and equipping for church planters to be more efficient in mission within the Lutheran Congregations in Mission for Christ (LCMC) movement. The researcher designed a sequential mixed method approach to this research with LCMC church planters. The research findings demonstrated that church planters were well educated but 96 percent did not receive any formal spiritual warfare training and equipping in seminary or Bible school; the spiritual warfare training environment preferred was hands-on activation workshops.