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Ud In The News Jan. 16-19, University Of Dayton

News Releases

International media turned to University of Dayton experts for insight on human rights and political events during the third week of January.

Sumo Targeting Of A Stress-Tolerant Ulp1 Sumo Protease, Jennifer Peek, Catherine Harvey, Dreux Gray, Danny Rosenberg, Likhitha Kolla, Reuben Levy-Myers, Rui Yin, Oliver Kerscher, Jonathan L. Mcmurry

Faculty Articles

SUMO proteases of the SENP/Ulp family are master regulators of both sumoylation and desumoylation and regulate SUMO homeostasis in eukaryotic cells. SUMO conjugates rapidly increase in response to cellular stress, including nutrient starvation, hypoxia, osmotic stress, DNA damage, heat shock, and other proteotoxic stressors. Nevertheless, little is known about the regulation and targeting of SUMO proteases during stress. To this end we have undertaken a detailed comparison of the SUMO-binding activity of the budding yeast protein Ulp1 (ScUlp1) and its ortholog in the thermotolerant yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus, KmUlp1. We find that the catalytic UD domains of both ScUlp1 and KmUlp1 …

Four-Horned Wasps, Description Of Some Remarkable Dirhinus (Hymenoptera, Chalcididae) From Kenya, With A Discussion Of Their Taxonomic Placement, Gérard Delvare, Robert S. Copeland

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Five new species belonging to Dirhinus Dalman are described: D. quadrhinus Delvare sp. nov., D. gigasetosus Delvare sp. nov., D. kambae Delvare sp. nov., D. maasaii Delvare sp. nov. and D. leakeyorum Delvare sp. nov. These species belong to the newly defined and characterized quadrhinus species group, included in the subgenus Dirhinus of Dirhinus Dalman. Evidence for this taxonomic placement is provided despite the distinctive morphology exhibited by the relevant species. The himalayanus, claviger, anthracia and hesperidum groups, also included in subgenus Dirhinus, are similarly defined and characterized and lists of the relevant described species are provided. A key to …

Time Management In A Co-Housed Social Rodent Species (Arvicanthis Niloticus), Alexandra Castillo-Ruiz, Premananda Indic, William J. Schwartz

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Sociality has beneficial effects on fitness, and timing the activities of animals may be critical. Social cues could influence daily rhythmic activities via direct effects on the circadian clock or on processes that bypass it (masking), but these possibilities remain incompletely addressed. We investigated the effects of social cues on the circadian body temperature (Tb) rhythms in pairs of co-housed and isolated grass rats, Arvicanthis niloticus (a social species), in constant darkness (DD). Cohabitation did not induce synchronization of circadian Tb rhythms. However, socio-sexual history did affect circadian properties: accelerating the clock in sexually experienced males and females in DD …

Adults With Cystic Fibrosis: Self-Management And Health Outcomes, Amanda Rose Lambie

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation is comprised of three manuscripts for publication reporting on adults living with cystic fibrosis, self-management behaviors and health outcomes. Chapter I explores what is known about adults living with cystic fibrosis (CF) and the factors impacting their self-management, including the complexities of a health maintenance regime required for survival while integrating and balancing the realities of adulthood. The review of literature provides direction for future research and implications for adult-focused CF studies. Chapter II is a manuscript describing the characteristics of prognostic survival models utilized in adult CF research and provides an overview of their development, validation, predictive …

Emotion Regulation And Positive Affect In The Context Of Salivary Alpha-Amylase Response To Pain In Children With Cancer, Brooke N. Jenkins, Douglas A. Granger, Ryan J. Roemer, Ariana Martinez, Tara K. Torres, Michelle A. Fortier

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Background

Children with cancer routinely undergo painful medical procedures invoking strong physiological stress responses. Resilience to this pain may be conferred through resources such as emotion regulation strategies and positive affect.

Procedure

This study measured dispositional positive affect in children with cancer (N = 73) and randomly assigned participants to one of three emotion regulation strategy conditions (distraction, reappraisal, or reassurance). Children applied their assigned strategy during an experimental pain procedure (the cold pressor task [CPT]) and provided saliva samples before, immediately after, and 15 min after the CPT. Saliva samples were later assayed for salivary alpha amylase (sAA)—a surrogate …

The Parthenon, January 19, 2018, Tom Jenkins

The Parthenon

The Parthenon, Marshall University’s student newspaper, was published by students Monday through Friday during the regular semester and weekly on Thursdays during the summer. Due to budgetary constraints, beginning with the 2016 Fall semester, the newspaper is only published two days a week. Physical issues are printed on Tuesdays and Fridays. The editorial staff is responsible for the news and the editorial content.

Notes On The Biology Of Melanocanthon Nigricornis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Andrew H. Williams, Nadine L. Kriska

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Melanocanthon nigricornis was observed to break up, bundle up, roll away, and bury pieces of the cap of a gill mushroom growing in sandy prairie in Wisconsin. These beetles were also found on a dead lizard and one was observed to roll and bury mammalian carrion. This is the first report of any species in Melanocanthon rolling and burying pieces of fungus and carrion.

A Ten-Year Study Of The Status And Trend Of The Regal Fritillary (Speyeria Idalia) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) In Wisconsin, U.S.A., Ann B. Swengel, Scott R. Swengel

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We summarize all available locality records by ,us and others for the regal fritillary (Speyeria idalia) during 1970-99 in Wisconsin, where it is listed as endangered. Nearly all areas of regular observation (i.e., populations) oc­curred in clusters of sites. All historical localities and extant populations (or population clusters) were discovered by volunteers. The species' historical reputation as localized and scarce continues to appear justified, but the paucity of historical data precludes further refinement of its statewide status and trend in past decades. Regal fritillary habitat has typically been described as native prairie grassland. This appears often, but not always, to …

The Species Richness Of Lepidoptera In A Fragmented Landscape: A Supplement To The Checklist Of Moths Of Butler County, Ohio, Keith S. Summerville, Thomas O. Crist

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Land conversion for agriculture or urban expansion has fragmented the midwestern landscape and isolated native biotas in remnant habitat patches. Identification of priority renmants to be targeted for conservation, however, requires an understanding of the species diversity and distributions in such fragmented landscapes. During a 3-year inventory, we estimated the species richness of Lepidoptera in forests and old fields within an agricultural region of southwest Ohio, Butler County. A combination of casual collecting (butterflies) and a systematic field study (moths) were used to sample lepidopteran species at several sites from 1998-2000. Our inventory added 207 new species to the checklist …

Herbaceous Filter Strips In Agroecosystems: Implications For Ground Beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Conservation And Invertebrate Weed Seed Predation, Fabian D. Menalled, Jana C. Lee, Douglas A. Landis

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A 9.3-ha crop field flanked by two filter strips was selected to: 1) assess carabid beetle activity-density and community composition and 2) assess post-dispersal weed seed predation by invertebrates in these habitats. Over- all during 1997 and 1998, 12,937 carabid beetles comprising 58 species were collected. Greater species richness and activity-density was observed in filter strips than in the field. A multivariate ordination revealed that year of capture and habitat were important variables conditioning carabid beetle com­munities. While two omnivorous species known to eat weed seeds [Harpalus erraticus (Say), Anisodactylus sanctaecrucis (F.)] dominated the 1997 captures, two carnivorous [ …

A Native Hymenopteran Predator Of Agonopterix Alstroemeriana (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) In East-Central Illinois, Duane D. Mckenna, Arthur R. Zangerl, May R. Berenbaum

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Agonopterix alstroemeriana is a European oecophorid moth that defoliates poison hemlock (Conium maculatum), a noxious Eurasian weed extensively naturalized throughout temperate Australia, New Zealand, North America, and South America. Throughout western North America, and increasingly in the Midwest and Northeast, A. alstroemeriana has been utilized in poison hemlock eradication programs. We report, for the first time, predation on A. alstroemeriana by Euodynerus foraminatus (Hymenoptera: Eumenidae), a native solitary wasp that paralyzes these and other lepidopteran larvae and uses them to provision its nests. The presence of an effective predator may reduce the impact of A. alstroemeriana in biological control …

Gill Ventilation Rates Of Mayfly Nymphs (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) As A Biomonitoring Technique, Richard A. Mackenzie, Jerry L. Kaster

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Gill ventilation frequency (GVF) of the mayfly nymph Stenacron interpunctatum (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) was studied to assess the applicability of a relatively simple, real time video methodology and to assess the potential of GVF rates for use in a chronic assay of sediment pore water. Stenacron interpunctatum nymphs were exposed to pore water samples taken along a transect from the mouth of the Fox River to Sturgeon Bay in the Green Bay area of Lake Michigan. This transect has previously been shown to exhibit several distinct gradients in sediment and water column conditions with distance from the Fox River. The highest …

Invertebrate Terrestrial Diversity Along A Gravel Road On Barrie Island, Ontario, Canada, Austine Luce, Mary Crowe

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Although roads have been a part of our landscape for hundreds of years, their impact on the plant and animal populations has only recently been studied. We examined the effect a gravel road had on terrestrial arthropod diversity in the Barrie Islands, Canada. Over a ten-week period during the summer of 1999 we systematically sampled ground and aerial terrestrial arthropods at 5, 10 and 15 m from a 250 m stretch of road. We collected nearly 5,000 insects the majority of which were Coleoptera, Diptera and Hymenoptera. We collected over 2,000 non-insect invertebrates that included representatives from the classes Gastropoda, …

Changes In The Butterflies (Lepidoptera) Of Winneshiek County, Iowa After 90 Years, Kirk J. Larsen, Jennifer A. Bovee

The Great Lakes Entomologist

In 1908, Bert Porter reported the presence of 73 species of butterflies in the Decorah, Iowa area. Since then, no systematic surveys of the butterflies in the Decorah area have been completed despite extensive habitat changes and degradation of native prairie and timber that have occurred over the past 90 years. In 1998, an extensive survey of the butterflies of Winneshiek County confirmed the presence of 55 species of butterflies. Our findings generated a checklist of the butterflies currently found in Winneshiek County, and were compared to Porter's original list. Unfortunately, the regal fritillary, Speyeria idalia, and several other …

Distribution Of Urophora Affinis And U. Quadrifasciata (Diptera: Tephritidae) For Biological Control Of Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea Maculosa) And Diffuse Knapweed (Centaurea Diffusa) In Michigan, R. F. Lang, R. D. Richard, J. Winkler, G. Wheeler

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Urophora affinis (Diptera: Tephritidae) and U. quadrifasciata (Diptera: Tephritidae) are two seedhead flies approved for release in the United States in 1971 and 1988, respectively for biological control of spotted and diffuse knapweed. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant Protection Quarantine (APHIS) released a mixture of 4,000 adult U. affinis and U. quadrifasciata in Isabella County, Michigan, in 1994. No Urophora species were found in pre-release samples in seven counties in 1993. Samples collected in three counties in 1994, prior to the APHIS release, detected U. quadrifasciata in Menominee County. Surveys from 1998 to 2000 …

Mantis Religiosa (Mantodea: Mantidae) In Door County, Wisconsin, Mark A. Kisselburg, Philip A. Cochran

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The European mantid (Mantis religiosa) has been observed at several sites spanning a distance of approximately 50 km in northern Door County, Wisconsin. A reliable sighting of an unidentified praying mantid on Chambers Island in Green Bay suggests the possibility that the species occurs there as well. Lake-induced moderation of the Door County climate may have resulted in conditions especially conducive for the establishment of European mantids.

Biological Control Of Alfalfa Blotch Leafminer (Diptera: Agromyzidae) In Ontario: Status And Ecology Of Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Eulophidae) 20 Years After Introduction, George E. Heimpel, Francois Meloche

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Two European parasitoid species were released in Ontario during the late 1970's to control the alfalfa blotch leafminer, Agromyza frontella (Rondani) (Diptera: Agromyzidae). One of these, Dacnusa dryas (Nixon) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), rapidly became established and the other, Chrysocharis liriomyzae (= C. punctifacies) (Delucchi) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) was never recovered in Ontario. In 1999, we found both D. dryas and C. liriomyzae parasitizing first-generation A. frontella in Ontario in 1999. The combined parasitism rate for both species as revealed by larval dissections was 97.5% by the end of the first A. frontella generation. Of the adult parasitoids reared, 86% were D. dryas …

Studies On The Life Cycle And Transmission Of Cougourdella Sp., A Microsporidian Parasite Of Glossosoma Nigrior (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae), Jeffrey S. Heilveil, Steven L. Kohler, Leellen F. Solter

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The trichopteran Glossosoma nigrior, the dominant benthic invertebrate grazer in Michigan trout streams, hosts a microsporidian (Protozoa) pathogen, Cougourdella sp., which strongly regulates the population density of larvae in the stream. In order to better understand the interactions between these two species, two possible modes of pathogen transmission, oral and transovum, were investigated. While both sexes of adult G. nigrior were found to be infected with mature environmental spores, spores were not found associated with reproductive tissue. This suggests that transovum transmission does not occur in this system. Glossosoma nigrior, when ex- posed to viable spores taken from …

January Agenda, Wku Graduate Council

Graduate School

Meeting agenda.

Comparison Of Two Population Sampling Methods Used In Field Life History Studies Of Mesovelia Mulsanti (Heteroptera: Gerromorpha: Mesoveliidae) In Southern Illinois, Steven J. Taylor, J. E. Mcpherson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A field life history study of Mesovelia mulsanti was conducted in south­ern Illinois, the results of which are compared with those from an earlier study also conducted in southern Illinois. The two studies differed in the collecting techniques used (quadrat sampler versus aquatic net). Results of the present study give a clearer picture of the life history of this insect be­ cause the quadrat sampler collected representative samples of nymphs and adults more effectively than the aquatic net and, thus, the quadrat samples more accurately represented the actual chronology of the annual generations.

Distribution Of First Instar Gypsy Moths (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Among Saplings Of Four Tree Species Common In The Great Lakes Region, J. L. Stoyenoff, J. A. Witter

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We examined the inter-tree distribution of first instar gypsy moth larvae under natural dispersal conditions in the field in Michigan in 1991. The study focused on saplings of northern red oak (Quercus rubra), white oak (Q. alba), red maple (Acer rubrum), and witch-hazel (Hamamelis virginiana), which are common understory components of forests in the Great Lakes region. Large-volume trees with foliage that is well-developed early in the spring should provide an excellent surface area for catching newly-hatched gypsy moth larvae, which are randomly dispersed by wind in the spring around the time of leaf flush or …

Libellula Flavida (Odonata: Libellulidae), A Dragonfly New To Ohio, Tom D. Schultz

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Libellula flavida, a widespread but uncommon dragonfly of southeastern and south central North America, is now recorded from Ohio. A breeding population was discovered in an acidic fen on the site of a sandstone quarry in southern Ohio.

New Distribution Records Of Ground Beetles From The North Central United States (Coleoptera: Carabidae), Foster Forbes Purrington, Daniel K. Young, Kirk J. Larsen, Jana Chin-Ting Lee

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We report 39 ground beetles new to five states in the upper midwestern United States. These species records include 19 new to Illinois (all but one from Lake County), 11 from Iowa, three from South Dakota, eight from Wisconsin, and two from Michigan. (Three species are new to more than one state). Enigmatically disjunct collections include the myrmecophile, Helluomorphoides nigripennis from western Illinois, known previously only from the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plain and piedmont, and Chlaenius amoenus, reported only from southeastern states and now from northeast Iowa.

Leucanthiza Dircella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): A Leafminer Of Leatherwood, Dirca Palustris, Toby R. Petrice, Robert A. Haack, William J. Mattson, Bruce A. Birr

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Leatherwood, Dirca palustris (Thymelaeaceae), is an understory shrub ranging throughout most of the eastern and central United States and adjacent Canada. During 1997-1999, we conducted studies to identify and assess the impact of a leafminer that was causing significant damage to leather- wood plants in eastern Gogebic County, Michigan. Leucanthiza dircella was identified as the only insect responsible for the leaf mining activity on leatherwood. In northern Michigan, L. dircella completed one generation per year. Adult moths were captured on yellow sticky panels suspended from leatherwood branches. In 1997 and 1998, most adults were captured during the first sampling period …

Seasonal Occurrence Of The Sod Webworm Moths (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Of Ohio, Harry D. Niemczyk, David J. Shetlar, Kevin T. Power, Douglas S. Richmond

The Great Lakes Entomologist

While nearly 100 species of sod webworms are known to occur in North America, the species complex and seasonal occurrence of these moths has been documented in relatively few states. For Ohio, there is little published record of the sod webworm species complex, and the seasonal occurrence of only a few economically important species has been documented. Using black light traps, sod web worm adult flight activity was monitored over the course of three to five years at four different locations throughout Ohio. In this paper we report the seasonal occurrence of sod web worms species captured at these locations. …

New Distribution Record For The Endangered Crawling Water Beetle Brychius Hungerfordi (Coleoptera: Haliplidae) And Notes On Seasonal Abundance And Food Preferences, Michael Grant, Robert Vande Kopple, Bert Ebbers

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The Federally beetle, Brychius hungerfordi, has been discovered at a new location in Northern Lower Peninsula of Michigan. We also report preliminary data on a seasonal variation in relative abundance and on its possible food plants.

New Michigan Tick (Acari: Ixodidae) And Flea (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae) Records From Colonial Nesting Birds, William C. Scharf

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Banding and censusing large numbers of gull chicks over a 30-year period on Great Lakes islands has produced a collection of five individual ticks from two Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) chicks. The tick species, Hemaphysalis leporispalustris, found on the gulls is commonly found on Snowshoe Hares (Lepus americanus). Although this represents an apparently uncom­mon record on Herring Gulls, this host could be an important source of aerial vector dispersal during regular cyclic hare/tick population peaks. Populations of the flea, Ceratophyllus lari, have increased rapidly in ground nesting Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) colonies from none 16 years ago. The …

Color, Bacteria, And Mosquito Eggs As Ovipositional Attractants For Aedes Aegypti And Aedes Albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae), Steven G. Pavlovich, C. Lee Rockett

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Selected bacterial washes, color, and mosquito eggs were comparatively examined as ovipositional attractants for Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Any evidence of additive activity was noted. All colored washes alone were preferred over selected bacterial washes. The combinations of color and bacteria in a single wash were better attractants for oviposition than colored washes alone. The bacterial content of the breeding water was a more important factor than egg presence in oviposition site selection.

Life History Of Ceratocombus Vagans (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Ceratocombidae), With Notes On The Immature Stages, John D. Lattin

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The biology and life stages of Ceratocombus vagans are given together with distributional notes. The current systematic position of Ceratocombidae is reviewed. This species is one of the most generalized Hemiptera: Heteroptera known. Its predatory habits lend credance to the idea that primitive Hemiptera: Heteroptera were predaceous as suggested by Stys and others. Ceratocombus vagans occurs in moss, leaf litter, and under loose bark. It has wide distribution in much of North America.