Digital Commons Network^™

Assessing Barriers And Facilitators To Appropriate Care For Chronic Pain And Prescription Opioid Abuse, Allyson Varley

All ETDs from UAB

The objective of this study was to understand and assess barriers and facilitators to the uptake of appropriate care for co-occurring chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) and opioid use disorder. Rates of CNCP and opioid overdose have doubled in the past decade. When a patient transitions from appropriate use to misuse, significant changes must be made to their treatment plan. Considering most CNCP is treated with opioids in the primary care setting, primary care providers (PCPs) are potential change agents to remediate the epidemic of opioid abuse. Although studies have explored opioid stewardship, we still lack an understanding of the factors …

Exploring Long-Haul Truck Drivers' Cpap Use When Working Over The Road, Kenya D. Kirkendoll

All ETDs from UAB

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic health condition affecting an estimated 13-26% of U.S. adults. The condition is characterized by partial or total airway collapse. It has been associated with increased cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus morbidity. Risk factors include middle-age, obesity, male gender, narrowed airway, and smoking. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the recommended treatment for OSA. Though it is an effective treatment modality, uptake and adherence to CPAP remains low. With concern for public safety, OSA has received a great amount of attention in the trucking industry. When working over the road, long-haul truck drivers …

Early Adversity And Executive Dysfunction In Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Jennifer Amato

PsyD Program in Clinical Psychology Doctoral Dissertations (New England)

This dissertation was designed to inform the existing literature gap regarding variability in Executive Dysfunction on neuropsychological assessment tasks in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The two primary objectives of the study included: (a) evaluation of the relationship between number of adverse childhood events (ACEs) and performance on neuropsychological tasks of executive functions (EF; as measured by neuropsychological test results on Color–Word Interference, Verbal Fluency, Trail Making Test, and Semantic Clustering) for children with ADHD; and (b) evaluation of the relationship between number of ACEs and behavioral impairment on parent ratings of EFs (as measured by the Inhibit, Task …

2018-2019 Risd Course Announcement, Risd Registrar's Office, Risd Archives

RISD Course Catalogs / Announcements

No abstract provided.

Quantitative Analysis Of Differences Between Adaptors And Innovators For Decriminalization Attitudes, Aaron Solomon

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Kirton's adaption-innovation theory suggests adaptors and innovators have different approaches to decision-making. The relationship between thinking styles in conjunction with decriminalization has not been investigated thoroughly, and this study addressed the relationship based on thinking styles and 6 demographics (race, age, gender, religion, education, and geographical location). The main research question examined whether innovators and adaptors have different attitudes about decriminalization. The hypotheses were tested with: (a) t tests to compare responses, (b) analysis of variance for comparing multiple groups and investigating moderator effects, and (c) correlation tests to determine whether Kirton's adaption-innovation inventory scores are associated with decriminalization attitudes. …

Correlating Residual Stress With Personal And Professional Characteristics In Aircraft Pilots, Erik Eckblad

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Every day aircraft pilots must successfully resolve significant inflight situations and then manage the possibility of residual psychological and physiological stress. Previous research has shown primary attention is given to presignificant event training and stress management, however there remains an important gap in the current literature regarding postsignificant event stress within the aviation profession. The purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative study was to use the observational lens of stress theory and survey U.S. pilots who have experienced an inflight emergency, looking for correlation between factors such as age, gender, flight experience, and training against a pilot's self-reported level of residual …

“High” Standards: How The Tide Of Marijuana Legalization Sweeping The Country Ignores The Hidden Risks Of Edibles, Steve Calandrillo, Katelyn Fulton

Articles

As a tide of marijuana legalization sweeps across the United States, there is a surprising lack of scrutiny as to whether the benefits of recreational marijuana outweigh the risks. Notably, marijuana edibles present special risks to the population that are not present in smoked marijuana. States that have legalized recreational marijuana are seeing an increase in edible-related calls to poison control centers and visits to emergency rooms. These negative reactions are especially prevalent in vulnerable populations such as children, persons with underlying preexisting conditions, and out-of-state marijuana novices. Unfortunately, research on edible marijuana is scant and state regulatory regimes are …

Sex Cells: An Analysis Of The Civil Commitment Of Sexually Violent Predators In The Eighth Circuit And Recommendations For South Dakota's Future, Matthew De Jong

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

Process Evaluation Of The Batterer Intervention And Prevention Program Of The Center Against Sexual And Family Violence In El Paso, Texas, Kathleen Anne O'Connor

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health issue. One in five women and one in seven men will experience severe physical violence from an intimate partner in their lifetime in the US; and one in three women globally (Breiding, Basile, Smith, Black, & Mahendra, 2015; World Health Organization, 2017). Notwithstanding such stark statistics, there is a gap in research on batterers and on batterer intervention and prevention programs (BIPP). Purpose: Program processes related to follow-up of clients were evaluated at the Center Against Sexual and Family Violence Batterer Intervention and Prevention Program (CASFV BIPP) through a mixed-methods …

People Detection From Time-Of-Flight Imagery With Inpainting-Based Preprocessing, Basavarajaiah Totada

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The Thesis describes a method of detection and tracking of people using depth images captured by a Time-of-Flight (ToF) camera, such as those obtained with a Microsoft Kinect V2. Key advantages of this approach are that the identity of people is not disclosed, and the system can operate in low-light conditions. The automated approach developed here is inspired by cell-tracking methods as implemented in the well-known biomedical imaging software called CellProfiler. Our approach involves significant preprocessing of the depth images by a combination of adaptive center weighted median filtering and iterative inpainting. The next step is detection of each person's …

Leone, Mosticoni, Ianella, Biondi, And Butcher’S (2018) Effort To Compare The Mmpi-2-Rf With The Mmpi-2 Falls Well Short, Yossef S. Ben-Porath, Auke Tellegen

Archives of Assessment Psychology

Leone, Mosticoni, Iannella, Biondi, and Butcher’s (2018) comparison of the MMPI-2 and MMPI-2-RF in a clinical sample falls well short of its goals. On the basis of analyses conducted with a sample of patients, the authors conclude that the MMPI-2-RF is less sensitive to psychopathology and is susceptible to gender bias. However, their study fails to meet basic requirements for sound research methodology and reporting of research findings. The findings reported are inconsistent with or contradict the authors’ conclusions, many of which have already been rebutted in previous publications, which they ignored. Leone et al.’s (2018) discussion fails to acknowledge …

State Of The University Annual Report - 2017-2018, Office Of The President, East Tennessee State University, University Marketing And Communication, East Tennessee State University

Office of the President State of the University Annual Report

No abstract provided.

Police, Race, And The Production Of Capital Homicides, Jeffrey A. Fagan, Amanda Geller

Faculty Scholarship

Racial disparities in capital punishment have been well documented for decades. Over 50 studies have shown that Black defendants more likely than their white counterparts to be charged with capital-eligible crimes, to be convicted and sentenced to death. Racial disparities in charging and sentencing in capital-eligible homicides are the largest for the small number of cases where black defendants murder white victims compared to within-race killings, or where whites murder black or other ethnic minority victims. These patterns are robust to rich controls for non-racial characteristics and state sentencing guidelines. This article backs up the research on racial disparities to …

Proactive Stress Management For Firefighters, Amanda M. Mead

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

Firefighters in the United States face significant risks as they serve their communities. Despite research that has thus far demonstrated the benefits of proactive coping strategies, and a previously suggested need for a proactive stress management program for firefighters, no such program has yet been implemented or evaluated specifically for firefighters. The purpose of this dissertation was to research stress and stress management using qualitative interviews with New Hampshire and Arizona firefighters to inform the development of a future primary prevention program (proactive stress management) to this at-risk population. Results yielded themes of sleep deprivation, stigma, protectiveness, mental health, lack …

Too Big To Supervise: The Rise Of Financial Conglomerates And The Decline Of Discretionary Oversight In Banking, Lev Menand

Faculty Scholarship

The authority of government officials to define and elimi­nate “unsafe and unsound” banking practices is one of the oldest and broadest powers in U.S. banking law. But this authority has been neglected in the recent literature, in part because of a movement in the 1990s to convert many supervi­sory judgments about “safety and soundness” into bright-line rules. This movement did not entirely do away with discre­tionary oversight, but it refocused supervisors on compliance, risk management, and governance – in other words, on inter­nal bank processes.

Drawing on the rules versus standards debate, this Arti­cle develops a taxonomy for parsing the …

Sequestering Carbon Dioxide Undersea In The Atlantic: Legal Problems And Solutions, Michael B. Gerrard, Romany M. Webb

Faculty Scholarship

Reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is vital to mitigate climate change. To date, reduction efforts have primarily focused on minimizing the production of carbon dioxide during electricity generation, transport, and other activities. Going forward, to the extent that carbon dioxide continues to be produced, it will need to be captured before release. The captured carbon dioxide can then be utilized in some fashion or injected into underground geological formations (e.g., depleted oil and gas reserves, deep saline aquifers, or basalt rock reservoirs) where it will hopefully remain permanently sequestered. This injection process is referred to as …

Free Expression On Campus: Mitigating The Costs Of Contentious Speakers, Suzanne B. Goldberg

Faculty Scholarship

“If you’re afraid to offend, you can’t be honest.”

“If you offend me, I can’t hear what you’re trying to tell me.”

—overheard on campus

The debate over how colleges and universities should respond to contentious guest speakers on campus is not a new one. A quick look back to the early 1990s, among other times, shows commentators squaring off much as they do today about the tensions between protecting free expression and ensuring meaningful equality.

Perhaps not surprisingly, the issues that contested speakers address are also much the same as they have been for several decades – government action …

Dangerous Defendants, Sandra G. Mayson

Scholarly Works

Bail reform is gaining momentum nationwide. Reformers aspire to untether pretrial detention from wealth (the ability to post money bail) and condition it instead on statistical risk, particularly the risk that a defendant will commit crime if he remains at liberty pending trial. The bail reform movement holds tremendous promise, but also forces the criminal justice system to confront a difficult question: What statistical risk that a person will commit future crime justifies short-term detention? What about lesser restraints, like GPS monitoring? Although the turn to actuarial risk assessment in the pretrial context has engendered both excitement and concern, the …

Preemption And Commandeering Without Congress, Jessica Bulman-Pozen

Faculty Scholarship

In a time of polarization, states may introduce salutary pluralism into an executive-dominated regime. With partisan divisions sidelining Congress, states are at once principal implementers and principal opponents of presidential policies. As polarization makes states more central to national policymaking, however, it also poses new threats to their ability to act. This Essay cautions against recent efforts to preempt state control over state officials and to require states to follow other states’ policies, using sanctuary jurisdictions and the pending federal Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act as examples.

The Challenge Of The New Preemption, Richard Briffault

Faculty Scholarship

The past decade has witnessed the emergence and rapid spread of a new and aggressive form of state preemption of local government action across a wide range of subjects, including among others firearms, workplace conditions, sanctuary cities, antidiscrimination laws, and environmental and public health regulation. Particularly striking are punitive measures that do not just preempt local measures but also hit local officials or governments with criminal or civil fines, state aid cutoffs, or liability for damages, as well as broad preemption proposals that would virtually end local initiative over a wide range of subjects. The rise of the new preemption …

Do The Ends Justify The Means? Policing And Rights Tradeoffs In New York City, Amanda Geller, Jeffrey Fagan, Tom R. Tyler

Faculty Scholarship

Policing has become an integral component of urban life. New models of proactive policing create a double-edged sword for communities with strong police presence. While the new policing creates conditions that may deter and prevent crime, close surveillance and frequent intrusive police-citizen contacts have strained police-community relations. The burdens of the new policing often fall on communities with high proportions of African American and Latino residents, yet the returns to crime control are small and the risks of intrusive, impersonal, aggressive non-productive interactions are high. As part of the proffered tradeoff, citizens are often asked to view and accept these …

Probation Officers' Attitudes On Illinois Electronic Monitoring Program For Drug Offenders, Erika J. Jones-Dilworth

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Probation Officers' Attitudes on Illinois Electronic Monitoring Program

For Drug Offenders

by

Erika Jones-Dilworth

MPA, Governors State University, 2009

BS, Governors State University, 2007

Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment

of the Requirements for the Degree of

Doctor of Philosophy

Public Policy & Administration

Walden University

November 2018

Immigration Enforcement And The Future Of Discretion, Shoba S. Wadhia

Roger Williams University Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Individualistic Approach To Arbitrariness, Overbreadth, Ad Gross Disproportionality

UBC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Gundy V. United States: Reflections On The Court And The State Of The Nondelegation Doctrine, Jennifer L. Mascott

Scholarly Articles

This short "reflections" essay is an invited piece that addresses the Supreme Court's consideration of the "nondelegation doctrine" this coming Term in Gundy v. United States. The Court has not found any statutory provision to be unconstitutional on nondelegation grounds since 1935. Will that change this Term when the Court evaluates the Attorney General's authority to retroactively apply federal sex offender registration requirements to individuals convicted prior to enactment of those statutory rules? Will the new makeup of the Court after Justice Kennedy's retirement impact the likely outcome of this nondelegation challenge?

Creating An Online Social Movement In Socially Conservative Societies: A Case Study Of Manshoor Blog Using Frame Alignment Process, Noura Abdullah Al-Duaijani

Theses and Dissertations

In the last decade, the Arab region has witnessed many political and social changes. Parts of these changes were initiated by millennials seeking social change to elevate the quality of life in their country and themselves. In one particular country, Kuwait, youth have pursued social change by advocating a freer lifestyle and regime change in government and institutions. Manshoor, an Arab language blog launched in November 2016 by two Kuwaiti liberals, Jassim Qamis and Ali Al-Nessif, stimulates an open conversation on a wide range of issues, including controversial ideas in the region such as scrutinizing some practices and beliefs of …

Tweets About Tornado Warnings: A Spatiotemporal And Content Analysis, Raelene C. Campbell

Theses and Dissertations

Throughout the United States, tornadoes frequently occur throughout the entire year. With each tornado there is a tornado warning that the National Weather Service (NWS) issues with a goal of protecting life and property. By using social media, these messages quickly reach the public. By analyzing Twitter data, this study aims to gain a spatiotemporal understanding of tweets, including when and where they most frequently occur. Most tweets occur within the warning time (temporal) and inside the warning polygon (spatial). To gain a better understanding of the information the tweet contains, a content analysis shows key warning characteristics such as …

Responding To Nuisance Flooding Of Coastal Highways: Options For Municipalities, Olivia Thompson, Joseph Bingaman, Marine Affairs Institute, Roger Williams University School Of Law

Sea Grant Law Fellow Publications

No abstract provided.

Critical Infrastructure, Cybersecurity, And Market Failure, John J. Chung

Law Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Learning From Asiana 214--Minimizing Strike/Rollover For Aircraft Rescue And Firefighting, Mary K. Gorman, Elizabeth Hendel, Douglas Mikutel, Rita I. Herron, Duane Kann

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Following the crash of Asiana flight 214 on July 6, 2013, the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) provided a recommendation to the Aircraft Rescue & Fire Fighting Working Group (ARFFWG) to develop best practices to avoid strike/rollover of seriously injured or deceased persons in mass casualty situations. This paper summarizes the research process and the technical committee’s conclusions.

The qualitative inquiry used participatory research and evaluation from medico-legal professionals and the expert committee comprised of 21 aircraft rescue and firefighting experts. Key informants were complemented by documentary analysis, including FAA Advisory Circulars, regulations, standards, medical and aircraft rescue industry publications. …