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2018

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Thai Vocational Internship Student-Teacher Development Through A Constructionism Learning Skills Model, Sirikanya Netrthanon, Sirirat Petsangsri, Paitoon Pimdee Dec 2018

Thai Vocational Internship Student-Teacher Development Through A Constructionism Learning Skills Model, Sirikanya Netrthanon, Sirirat Petsangsri, Paitoon Pimdee

Asia-Pacific Social Science Review

No abstract provided.


“Thai Select” Restaurant Brand Equity: A London Analysis, Puris Sornsaruht, Sudaporn Sawmong Dec 2018

“Thai Select” Restaurant Brand Equity: A London Analysis, Puris Sornsaruht, Sudaporn Sawmong

Asia-Pacific Social Science Review

No abstract provided.


Collaborative Research And Education In Global Health: Insights And Perspectives, Joseph Ching Velasco, Kanchana Thianlai Dec 2018

Collaborative Research And Education In Global Health: Insights And Perspectives, Joseph Ching Velasco, Kanchana Thianlai

Asia-Pacific Social Science Review

No abstract provided.


Competitive Advantages Of The Palm Oil Industry: A Structural Equation Model Analysis, Phatthanaphong Phengchan, Nuttawut Rojniruttikul Dec 2018

Competitive Advantages Of The Palm Oil Industry: A Structural Equation Model Analysis, Phatthanaphong Phengchan, Nuttawut Rojniruttikul

Asia-Pacific Social Science Review

No abstract provided.


The Impact Of Corporate Social Responsibility On Customer Satisfaction And Loyalty: A Case Study Of The Hotel Industry In Thailand, Wilert Puriwat, Suchart Tripopsakul Dec 2018

The Impact Of Corporate Social Responsibility On Customer Satisfaction And Loyalty: A Case Study Of The Hotel Industry In Thailand, Wilert Puriwat, Suchart Tripopsakul

Asia-Pacific Social Science Review

No abstract provided.


Global Competitiveness Index And Its Impact: Evidence From South Asian Region Subrata Roy, Subrata Roy Dec 2018

Global Competitiveness Index And Its Impact: Evidence From South Asian Region Subrata Roy, Subrata Roy

Asia-Pacific Social Science Review

No abstract provided.


Change Vulnerability Forecasting For Southeast Asiausing Deep Learning Algorithm, Amelia Ritahani Ismail, Nur 'Atikah Binti Mohd Ali, Junaida Sulaiman Dec 2018

Change Vulnerability Forecasting For Southeast Asiausing Deep Learning Algorithm, Amelia Ritahani Ismail, Nur 'Atikah Binti Mohd Ali, Junaida Sulaiman

Knowledge Engineering and Data Science

Climate change is expected to change people’s livelihood in significant ways. Several vulnerability factors and readiness factors used for measuring the prediction index of that particular country on how vulnerable of a country towards global change. Primary data was collected from University of Notre Dame Global Adaptation Index (NDGAIN). The data has been trained for the forecasting purpose with support from the validated statistical analysis. The summary of the predicted index is visualized using machine learning tools. The results developed the correlation between vulnerability and readiness factors and shows the stability of the country towards climate change. The framework is …


Aktivitas Afrodisiaka Fraksi Dari Ekstrak Etanol 70% Daun Katuk (Sauropus Androgynus (L). Merr) Pada Tikus Putih Jantan, Numlil Khaira Rusdi, Ni Putu Ermi Hikmawanti, Maifitrianti Maifitrianti, Yuanita Sofiana Ulfah, Ayyoehan Tiara Annisa Dec 2018

Aktivitas Afrodisiaka Fraksi Dari Ekstrak Etanol 70% Daun Katuk (Sauropus Androgynus (L). Merr) Pada Tikus Putih Jantan, Numlil Khaira Rusdi, Ni Putu Ermi Hikmawanti, Maifitrianti Maifitrianti, Yuanita Sofiana Ulfah, Ayyoehan Tiara Annisa

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Decreased of libido is illustrated with disinterest in sexual activity caused by erectile dysfunction, impotence, and infertility. It can be treated by aphrodisiac agents. Katuk or Sauropus androgynus (L). Merr has long been used as a medicinal plant. The aim of this research was to evaluate which fraction of katuk leaf ethanol extract that had the aphrodisiac activity with parameters of climbing, introduction and the weight of testicular and seminal vesicle of male rat. Sprague-Dawley male rats as animals model divided into five groups: the normal control group, the positive control group (X-gra®), the n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water fraction …


Formulasi Dan Karakterisasi Nanopartikel Sambungsilang Gom Xantan Dan Gom Akasia Untuk Penghantaran Insulin Oral, Ade Laura Rachmawati, Silvia Surini Dec 2018

Formulasi Dan Karakterisasi Nanopartikel Sambungsilang Gom Xantan Dan Gom Akasia Untuk Penghantaran Insulin Oral, Ade Laura Rachmawati, Silvia Surini

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

The insulin nanoparticles has been developed as an alternative to oral insulin delivery. Nanoparticle drug delivery system could be prepared by a cross-linked polymer, which was composed of xanthan gum and acacia gum, and cross-linked by sodium trimetaphosphate. The aim of the present study was to produce insulin nanoparticles using the cross-linked polymer of xanthan gum and acacia gum for oral delivery. In this study, insulin nanoparticles was prepared by mixing xanthan gum and acacia gum colloid with the ratio 1:1 and using sodium trimetaphosphate as a cross-linking agent in bases condition. Afterwards, insulin solution in HCl was added into …


Websites Of Indian Banks: A Webometric Study, Arindam Sarkar, Ashok Pal Dec 2018

Websites Of Indian Banks: A Webometric Study, Arindam Sarkar, Ashok Pal

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract: Web Impact Factor (WIF), Search Engine Optimization (SEO) ranking improve the visibility of a website’s presence in online environment. The present study predominantly focuses on the WIFs of the Indian banking websites. On the basis of SEO (search engine optimization) effort has been made to measure the usability, performance, security of the websites, used headings, usage of images and alt tags, linking with social networking sites as well as to count the backlinks, page size, load time, request, traffic score, SEO score and speed score. Popularity ranking of the selected bank websites has also been done. Calculating three types …


User’S Satisfaction Level Of Library Sources And Services In Sadakathullah Appa College Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu: A Study, Dr.R.R. Saravanakumar, M. Mani, M. Manthiramoorthi, Dr.A. Thirumagal Dec 2018

User’S Satisfaction Level Of Library Sources And Services In Sadakathullah Appa College Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu: A Study, Dr.R.R. Saravanakumar, M. Mani, M. Manthiramoorthi, Dr.A. Thirumagal

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study examines the user’s satisfaction level of library sources and services in Sadakathullah Appa College Library (SACLIB), Tirunelveli District, Tamil Nadu. Questionnaire was the instrument for collecting data. 130 copies of questionnaires were distributed, 100 were received. The present study focuses on users regarding library resources, services, physical facilities, internet, etc.


Internet Of Things And The Future Scope In Libraries, Gana G S Dec 2018

Internet Of Things And The Future Scope In Libraries, Gana G S

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

IoT is a unique technology that gained its momentum in recent years. Though the technologyacquires its potential libraries like organizations are in a stage of infancy to adopt the IoT technology. IoT is established in any organization with the help of interconnected identifiable embedded computing devices within the existing infrastructure. So that the use of technology allows us a greater chance for achieving a prosperous library management system with maximum efficiency at least effort. Automation of Library services is suitable approach where various devices can be managed at a single place by implementing Internet of Things. The idea behind the …


Maternal Outcomes After Different Surgical Techniques In Placenta Accreta: A Prospective Study, Ashraf M. Kansouh, Esmail M. Serag Eldin Dec 2018

Maternal Outcomes After Different Surgical Techniques In Placenta Accreta: A Prospective Study, Ashraf M. Kansouh, Esmail M. Serag Eldin

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Placenta accreta (PA) is a potentially life-threatening obstetric condition that requires a multidisciplinary approach to management nowadays owing to increased incidence of PA in parallel with the increased cesarean section rates. With the age of the patients with PA getting younger and fertility preservation being required, until now, there is no unique approach to management of PA. Objective The purpose of this study was to describe the efficacy and safety of different surgical procedure in conservative treatment of PA to evaluate their role in minimizing major surgical intervention, especially hysterectomy with its comorbidities. Patients and methods This prospective, surgical …


Hepatic Encephalopathy In Patients With Diabetes Mellitus, El-Saied Shaheen, Helmy M. Elshazly, Noha Abd Allah Dec 2018

Hepatic Encephalopathy In Patients With Diabetes Mellitus, El-Saied Shaheen, Helmy M. Elshazly, Noha Abd Allah

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background and aim of the work Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex frequent neuropsychiatric manifestation of chronic and acute liver disease with disturbance of psychomotor, intellectual, cognitive, behavioral, and fine motor function of varying severity. Diabetes mellitus (DM) exacerbates progression of hepatic fibrosis. Recently, a meta-analysis study concluded that type 2 DM was associated with relative 1.5-fold increased risk for clinically defined Alzheimer disease and 2.5 for vascular dementia compared with nondiabetic individuals; furthermore, one recent prospective study showed that elevated blood glucose in the absence of DM increased the risk of dementia. Given the high prevalence of DM in …


Effects Of Iron-Deficiency Anemia On Auditory Function In School-Aged Children, Eman Soliman Abd El-Gaffar, Gehan M. S. Abd El-Salam, Hala M. Abd El-Samad Dec 2018

Effects Of Iron-Deficiency Anemia On Auditory Function In School-Aged Children, Eman Soliman Abd El-Gaffar, Gehan M. S. Abd El-Salam, Hala M. Abd El-Samad

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Introduction Iron is important for proper myelination of spinal cord and white matter of cerebellar folds in brain and is a cofactor for a number of enzymes involved in neurotransmitter synthesis. Auditory brainstem evoked response (ABR) represents the progressive activation of different levels of the auditory pathway from the acoustic nerve (wave I) to the lateral lemniscuses (wave V). Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are sounds measured in the external ear canal that reflect movement of the outer hair cells in the cochlea. Patients and methods A total of 40 children, of both sexes, with age ranging from 6–12 years old, were …


Association Between The Metabolic Syndrome And C-Reactive Protein In The General Population, Amir S. M. Melika Dec 2018

Association Between The Metabolic Syndrome And C-Reactive Protein In The General Population, Amir S. M. Melika

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background In the last few years, metabolic syndrome (MS) has gained much attention. The definition of the MS was established in 2005. Some studies have shown that there is an association between MS and inflammation, proven by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), but in limited population-based studies. This study tried to show the association between MS and us-CRP in the general population. Patients and methods A total of 200 persons were included in this cross-sectional study. The guidelines from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the American Heart Association were used in the diagnosis of MS. Any three of …


On The Generalized Kinetic Equation For Surface Gravity Waves, Blow-Up And Its Restraint, David Andrade, Raphael Stuhlmeier, Michael Stiassnie Dec 2018

On The Generalized Kinetic Equation For Surface Gravity Waves, Blow-Up And Its Restraint, David Andrade, Raphael Stuhlmeier, Michael Stiassnie

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.


مدى الاستفادة من قرار التعهيد الالكتروني في خفض تكاليف التشغيل في المنشآت الصناعية دراسة تطبيقية, مصطفى نجم البشاري, فارس عبد الزهرة الخالدي Dec 2018

مدى الاستفادة من قرار التعهيد الالكتروني في خفض تكاليف التشغيل في المنشآت الصناعية دراسة تطبيقية, مصطفى نجم البشاري, فارس عبد الزهرة الخالدي

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

هدفت الدراسة الى تقييم الوضع الحالي لسلوك تكاليف التشغيل في المنشآت لصناعية بغرض بيان أثر عمليات التعهيد الالكتروني على خفض هذه التكاليف، وتحقيق وفورات مهمة لغرض التسعير والربحية، وتبني البحث دراسة الحالة لأحد الشركات الصناعية العراقية ،حيث تم إجراء التحليل المحاسبي قبل وبعد عمليات التعهيد الالكتروني من خلال تكنولوجيا الحوسبة السحابية، وانتهت الدراسة قبول الفرض القائل بأن عمليات التعهيد الالكتروني تدعم استراتيجيات خفض تكلفة التشغيل في الشركات الصناعية العراقية . ومن هذا المنطلق تم التخلي عن الأنظمة المحاسبية التقليدية لصالح الأنظمة الإلكترونية وأنظمة الحوسبة السحابية التي تعتمد على الوسائل الالكترونية من الأجهزة والشبكات والبرامج وقواعد البيانات في تشغيل البيانات (المدخلات) …


دور(Lean Six Sigma(Lss في تخفيض تكاليف الجودة دراسة حالة في مصنع اطارات الديوانية, اسيل علي مزهر, عباس فاضل سلطان Dec 2018

دور(Lean Six Sigma(Lss في تخفيض تكاليف الجودة دراسة حالة في مصنع اطارات الديوانية, اسيل علي مزهر, عباس فاضل سلطان

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

يهدف البحث الى بيان دور سكس سجما الرشيقة في تخفيض التكاليف و تعظيم ربحية المنظمات من خلال تطبيق منهجية هذا الاسلوب ما يؤثر على تخفيض تكاليف الجودة وتحسين الموقف التنافسي .اذ يشكل هذا المفهوم محور اهتمام العديد من المنظمات الصناعية والخدمية سواء في البلدان النامية او المتطورة وبالأخص تلك التي تركز على تعظيم الارباح ,ذلك إن هذا الاسلوب يختلف عن باقي الاساليب من خلال تركيزه على تحديد نسبة العيوب وتشخيص مناطق الخلل في العملية , بالإضافة الى القضاء على التالف والذي يؤدي بدوره الى تخفيض تكاليف الجودة , بالتالي فأن هدف البحث هو التعرف على امكانية تطبيق اسلوب سكس سجما …


دور الإفصاح المحاسبي عن التكاليف البيئية في الشركات الصناعية العراقية دراسة تطبيقية على بعض الشركات المدرجة في سوق بغداد للأوراق المالية, عزيز محمد عزيز Dec 2018

دور الإفصاح المحاسبي عن التكاليف البيئية في الشركات الصناعية العراقية دراسة تطبيقية على بعض الشركات المدرجة في سوق بغداد للأوراق المالية, عزيز محمد عزيز

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

يهدف هذا البحث إلى إظهار أهمية القياس والتسجيل لمشكلة التلوث البيئي، التي تحدثه المنشآت الصناعية في حياتنا اليومية، وذلك في ضوء القوانين واللوائح التشريعية للحفاظ على البيئة، وعدم تهديد الثروة النباتية والحيوانية والإنسانية بشكل عام، ولزيادة قدرتها التنافسية في بيئة التصنيع الحديثة. ولم تأتي هذه الدراسة من فراغ، بل جاءت بعد تعرض البيئة للتلف الذي لا يمكن تعويضه نتيجة للأثار السلبية الناتجة عن التلوث البيئي، ولتحقيق اهداف هذه الدراسة اعتمد الباحث في الجانب النظري على المنهج الاستنباطي وفي الجانب العملي على المنهج الاستقرائي من خلال توزيع استمارة استبيان على مجتمع العينة الذي تمثل بمجتمع المحاسبين معدي القوائم والتقارير المالية في …


أهمية مؤشرات الأداء الرئيسة (Kpi) وفاعلية المعدات الإجمالي (Oee) في تحسين الأداء وتحقيق الجودة وترشيد التكاليف – بحث تطبيقي في شركة أور العامة للصناعات الكهربائية, محمد سمير دهيرب الربيعي, علي محمد ثجيل المعموري Dec 2018

أهمية مؤشرات الأداء الرئيسة (Kpi) وفاعلية المعدات الإجمالي (Oee) في تحسين الأداء وتحقيق الجودة وترشيد التكاليف – بحث تطبيقي في شركة أور العامة للصناعات الكهربائية, محمد سمير دهيرب الربيعي, علي محمد ثجيل المعموري

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

يسعى البحث إلى إيضاح دور مؤشرات الأداء الرئيسة وفاعلية المعدات الإجمالي في تقييم أداء الشركات في العراق ومنها شركة أور العامة, وذلك لكون اغلب الشركات أو جميعها لا تستخدم هذا النوع من المؤشرات ومن هنا برزت مشكلة البحث, وعليه استندت فرضية البحث إلى إن استخدام هذه المؤشرات في القطاع الصناعي بوجه عام وشركة أور بوجه خاص يؤدي إلى تحسين أداء الشركة وجودتها وترشيد تكاليفها من خلال الاعتماد على ما تظهره هذه المؤشرات من نسب ومعلومات تستخدم في اتخاذ القرارات الإدارية والمالية. وتم تطبيق البحث في شركة أور العامة للصناعات الكهربائية باعتبارها إحدى الشركات الكبرى العاملة في القطاع الصناعي, وعلى البيانات …


العلاقة بين المعرفة الضمنية للمدقق وتقليص فجوة التوقعات دراسة استطلاعية لآراء عينة من موظفي ديوان الرقابة المالية الاتحادي, باسم محمد مرهج Dec 2018

العلاقة بين المعرفة الضمنية للمدقق وتقليص فجوة التوقعات دراسة استطلاعية لآراء عينة من موظفي ديوان الرقابة المالية الاتحادي, باسم محمد مرهج

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

يتركز موضوع البحث في دراسة العلاقة بين المعرفة الضمنية للمدقق بأبعادها(التفكير , المهارة, الخبرة) , وتقليص فجوة التوقعات, لآراء عينة من موظفي ديوان الرقابة المالية الاتحادي, وتضمن البحث فرضيتين رئيسيتين, الاولى لعلاقات الارتباط والثانية لعلاقات التأثير بين متغيرات البحث, تم اختيار عينة من السادة الموظفين في الديوان والبالغ عددهم (65) فرد, باعتماد الاستبانة التي اشتملت (30) فقرة, وتم استخراج النتائج باستخدام البرنامج الاحصائي (SPSS), تم التوصل الى مجموعة من النتائج التي كان أهمها تمتع المدقق بالقدرة العالية على اكتشاف الاخطاء والتي تحصل داخل المنظمة , وكذلك قدرته على معالجة المشكلات وطرح الحلول المناسبة لها, وتم صياغة عدد من التوصيات ذات …


A Social Media Policy For Clinical Mental Health Counseling Programs, Rebecca A. Willow, David Tobin, Wei Y. Chong, Angela Jeffery, Danielle Strohmeyer, Nicole Morine Dec 2018

A Social Media Policy For Clinical Mental Health Counseling Programs, Rebecca A. Willow, David Tobin, Wei Y. Chong, Angela Jeffery, Danielle Strohmeyer, Nicole Morine

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

The American Counseling Association 2014 Ethical Code mandates that counselors who engage in social media communication develop knowledge and skills related to ethical and legal considerations (American Counseling Association, 2014). In response to these expectations, this article introduces a social media policy created by faculty in a Clinical Mental Health Counseling program. An example and review of an implemented social media policy is provided, along with guidelines for a student-led training program. Case examples are provided that illustrate potential dilemmas of student misuse of social media, along with examples of faculty interventions. This article is designed to contribute to the …


The Experiences Of Counselors-In-Training In A School-Based Counseling Practicum, Christopher T. Belser, Naomi J. Wheeler, Samuel L. Bierbrauer, Coralis S. Solomon, Shaywanna Harris, A Elizabeth Crunk, Glenn W. Lambie Dec 2018

The Experiences Of Counselors-In-Training In A School-Based Counseling Practicum, Christopher T. Belser, Naomi J. Wheeler, Samuel L. Bierbrauer, Coralis S. Solomon, Shaywanna Harris, A Elizabeth Crunk, Glenn W. Lambie

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Counselor education programs often must choose between providing in vivo faculty supervision or a community-based setting. Programs that combine both elements have shown positive preliminary findings related to counselor development; however, the in-depth experiences of students in such programs have not been explored. This phenomenological study examined the lived experiences of counselors-in-training who participated in a school-based counseling practicum with in vivo faculty supervision. Researchers identified six themes, including continuum of support within relationships, operational challenges and concerns, needs and challenges of the community, working with children, expectations and realities, and counselor identity development. Implications for counselor education and research …


School Counselors-In-Training Career Counseling Preparation Assignment, Carleton H. Brown Dec 2018

School Counselors-In-Training Career Counseling Preparation Assignment, Carleton H. Brown

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Career counseling is an important skill to attain in training to become a school counselor; however, research has shown that school counselors-in-training need more preparation in terms of career counseling. The author describes an optional career counseling assignment added to a 300-hour school-counseling practicum course provided to 14 students in a southern region university school counseling program. Ten students chose to participate in the assignment and provided pre and post feedback of their experience. Student feedback and practical implications are discussed.


Research Mentorship: Implications For The Preparation Of Doctoral Students, Alyse M. Anekstein, Linwood G. Vereen Dec 2018

Research Mentorship: Implications For The Preparation Of Doctoral Students, Alyse M. Anekstein, Linwood G. Vereen

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Research mentorship is an important aspect of the preparation of doctoral students in counselor education. A review of the literature of research mentorship within counselor education and related disciplines, the ACES definition, and the experiences of doctoral students grounded in the literature are provided. Recommendations for implementing research mentoring relationships are identified as well as implications for future research.


Evaluation Of A Program Designed To Increase Retention In Counselor Education: Reaching Year Two, James D. Jensen, Aida Midgett, Diana M. Doumas Dec 2018

Evaluation Of A Program Designed To Increase Retention In Counselor Education: Reaching Year Two, James D. Jensen, Aida Midgett, Diana M. Doumas

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Student retention is a key issue in maintaining academic programs’ viability. This study evaluated a program designed to increase retention for first year Masters in Counseling students (N = 44). The program consisted of a series of activities developed to increase social integration with both students and faculty. Results of this study indicated that students in the cohort who participated in the program reported higher retention rates than students in the control cohort. Findings suggest that implementing a program designed to increase social integration may be a promising approach to retaining first year students in Counselor Education (CE) programs.


The Relationship Between Counseling Students’ Theoretical Orientation And Treatment Outcomes, Jessica Holm, Cynthia Bevly, Elizabeth Prosek Dec 2018

The Relationship Between Counseling Students’ Theoretical Orientation And Treatment Outcomes, Jessica Holm, Cynthia Bevly, Elizabeth Prosek

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

A MANCOVA was conducted to determine differences in client treatment outcomes based on counseling students’ theoretical orientations. Results indicated that at a training clinic, clients demonstrated statistically significant improvement and, students’ theoretical orientation did not significantly affect client outcomes. Pedagogical strategies are suggested for counselor educators and supervisors.


Developing A Pre-Practicum Environment For Beginning Counselors: Growing My Counselor Educator Self, Logan M. Lamprecht, Sneha Pitre Dec 2018

Developing A Pre-Practicum Environment For Beginning Counselors: Growing My Counselor Educator Self, Logan M. Lamprecht, Sneha Pitre

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

This paper is a narrative of the challenges experienced as a faculty member in an attempt to transform the existing educational model for how school and clinical mental health counselors are trained to enter field-based clinical experiences with students and clients. The author shares the pre-practicum laboratory training as an important step towards the growth of a counselor both personally and professionally. The laboratory training addresses aspects of student anxiety and self-efficacy with relation to live supervision with use of technology, nature of feedback, reflective journaling, reflective teams, and process group experiences as pedagogical adjuncts to enhance the training and …


Shaping Supervisory Working Alliance From A Distance, Tawny Chamberlain, Carol Smith Dec 2018

Shaping Supervisory Working Alliance From A Distance, Tawny Chamberlain, Carol Smith

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

As technology advances, more counselor education programs are implementing options for students to complete clinical experiences at a distance from campus which requires distant supervision. Although distance supervision has the benefit of flexibility, it also has challenges such as building rapport and establishing effective communication. Supervisors would benefit from understanding the influence of delivery method on supervisory working alliance in order to monitor supervisee growth and development.This article explores the influence of supervision delivery method on supervisory working alliance. Recommendations for future research and counselor education supervisory practice are provided.