Digital Commons Network^™

Development Of A Vaccine Production Platform For Poultry Diseases In Africa: Newcastle Disease Virus Non-Replicative Adenovirus-Vectored Vaccine, Omar Farnos, Amine Kamen, Héla Kallel, Khaled Trabelsi, Martha Yami, Esayas Gelaye

Vaccine Technology VII

Poultry are a vital village livestock playing an important economic and nutritional role in the livelihoods of poor rural households in developing countries, including the Sub-Saharan Africa. Poultry production in Africa is threatened by infectious diseases such as Newcastle Disease (ND), which is highly contagious and endemic, with recurrent outbreaks that provoke heavy losses every year. ND is caused by the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus from the genus Avulavirus, family Paramyxoviridae. In particular, ND is one of the major problems in village chickens in most parts of Ethiopia where commercial poultry is routinely vaccinated …

Conference Program, Amine Kamen, Tarit Mukhopadhyay, Charles Lutsch, Nathalie Garçon

Vaccine Technology VII

No abstract provided.

Whole-Genome Sequencing Of Pharmacogenetic Drug Response In Racially Diverse Children With Asthma, Angel Cy Mak, Marquitta J. White, Walter L. Eckalbar, Zachary A. Szpiech, Sam S. Oh, Maria Pino-Yanes, Donglei Hu, Pagé Goddard, Scott Huntsman, Joshua Galanter, Ann C. Wu, Blanca E. Himes, Soren Germer, Julia M. Vogel, Karen L. Bunting, Celeste Eng, Sandra Salazar, Kevin L. Keys, Jennifer Liberto, Thomas J. Nuckton, Thomas A. Nguyen, Dara G. Torgerson, Pui-Yan Kwok, Albert M. Levin, Juan C. Celedón, Erick Forno, Hakon Hakonarson, Patrick M. Sleiman, Amber Dahlin, Kelan G. Tantisira, Scott T. Weiss, Denise Serebrisky, Emerita Brigino-Buenaventura, Harold J Farber, Kelley Meade, Michael A Lenoir, Pedro C Avila, Saunak Sen, Shannon M Thyne, William Rodriguez-Cintron, Cheryl A Winkler, Andrés Moreno-Estrada, Karla Sandoval, Jose R Rodriguez-Santana, Rajesh Kumar, Keoki L. Williams, Nadav Ahituv, Elad Ziv, Max A Seibold, Robert B Darnell, Noah Zaitlen, Ryan D Hernandez, Esteban G Burchard

Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research Articles

RATIONALE: Albuterol, a bronchodilator medication, is the first-line therapy for asthma worldwide. There are significant racial/ethnic differences in albuterol drug response.

OBJECTIVES: To identify genetic variants important for bronchodilator drug response (BDR) in racially diverse children.

METHODS: We performed the first whole-genome sequencing pharmacogenetics study from 1,441 children with asthma from the tails of the BDR distribution to identify genetic association with BDR.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We identified population-specific and shared genetic variants associated with BDR, including genome-wide significant (P < 3.53 × 10-7) and suggestive (P < 7.06 × 10-6) loci near genes previously associated with lung capacity (DNAH5), immunity (NFKB1 and PLCB1), and β-adrenergic signaling (ADAMTS3 and COX18). Functional analyses of the BDR-associated SNP in NFKB1 revealed potential regulatory function in bronchial smooth muscle cells. The SNP is also an expression quantitative trait locus for a neighboring gene, SLC39A8. The lack of other asthma study populations with BDR and whole-genome sequencing data on minority children makes it impossible to perform replication of our rare variant associations. Minority underrepresentation also poses significant challenges to identify age-matched and population-matched cohorts of sufficient sample size for replication of our common variant findings.

CONCLUSIONS: The lack of minority data, despite a collaboration of eight universities and 13 individual laboratories, highlights the urgent …

Cultural Immersion And Social Justice: The Inside-Out Prison Exchange Program At St. John’S University, Judith Ryder Ph.D, Joanne Carroll Ph.D.

Journal of Vincentian Social Action

No abstract provided.

Aerosol Sampling In A Hospital Emergency Room Setting: A Complementary Surveillance Method For The Detection Of Respiratory Viruses, J. Y. Choi, J. Zemke, S. E. Philo, E. S. Bailey, M. Yondon, G. C. Gray

Public Health

No abstract provided.

Tgf-Β Sustains Tumor Progression Through Biochemical And Mechanical Signal Transduction., Robert L Furler, Douglas F Nixon, Christine A Brantner, Anastas Popratiloff, Christel H Uittenbogaart

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling transduces immunosuppressive biochemical and mechanical signals in the tumor microenvironment. In addition to canonical SMAD transcription factor signaling, TGF-β can promote tumor growth and survival by inhibiting proinflammatory signaling and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. In this article, we review how TGF-β activated kinase 1 (TAK1) activation lies at the intersection of proinflammatory signaling by immune receptors and anti-inflammatory signaling by TGF-β receptors. Additionally, we discuss the role of TGF-β in the mechanobiology of cancer. Understanding how TGF-β dampens proinflammatory responses and induces pro-survival mechanical signals throughout cancer development is critical for designing therapeutics that …

Binational Research Challenges: Assessing Diabetes Self-Management Behaviors In The Us-Mexico Border Region, Marylyn M. Mcewen, Francisco Gonzalez Salazar

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Discussion of the complexities and challenges when conducting binational diabetes research in the US-Mexico border region, methodological adaptations to achieve a common data set and research protocols and results that can inform development, effective targeting and evaluation of future binational diabetes education and self-management interventions.

Half A Century Of Supreme Court Clean Air Act Interpretation: Purposivism, Textualism, Dynamism, And Activism, David M. Driesen, Thomas M. Keck, Brandon Metroka

Political Science - All Scholarship

While public and scholarly concern about ideological decision making in Supreme Court cases has traditionally focused on abortion rights and other constitutional issues, the Gorsuch nomination brought forth some concern that ideology might influence statutory construction as well. This paper offers a case study in the evolution of statutory interpretation over time in the Supreme Court by examining the Court’s Clean Air Act jurisprudence, which now reaches back almost half a century. It examines the influence of both politics and evolving norms of statutory interpretation on the Supreme Court’s Clean Air Act case law.

Channel Capacity Analysis Of Diffusion-Based Molecular Communication Model, Cheng Zhen, Lin Fei, Yanjing Lei, Huiting Zhao

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: At present, the research on the channel capacity of diffusion-based molecular communication (DBMC) model is very limited. In the slotted point to point communication scenario, considering all the inter-symbol interferences from all the previous time slots, the optimal decisive threshold is provided by using the criterion of minimum average error probability in the detection process for the receiver nanomachine, and the mutual information expression is derived in DBMC model. Thus channel capacity of this model is analyzed. The simulation results show that the different parameters have important influences on the channel capacity. Compared to the existed point to point …

Simulation Of Hot Event Propagation Based On Game Theory And Sirs, Dezhi Wei, Fuji Chen, Lina Lin

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The hot events of the internet public opinion spread fast and have great influence. It has become a topic of concern for netizens and governments. The spread of hot spots on the internet is similar to the dynamics of infectious diseases, so a traditional SIRS epidemic model based improved model is proposed, combining the analysis of the game theory. The evolutionary game model of infectious body and immune body is constructed, the equilibrium point of the game is found and the law of the spread of hot spots is obtained. The model is verified by experiment through the …

The Immunity Of The Many: Ethical Considerations Of Vaccinations In Light Of Herd Immunity, Sophia Koval

Dartmouth Undergraduate Journal of Science

No abstract provided.

Climate Structuring Of Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis Infection In The Threatened Amphibians Of The Northern Western Ghats, India, Christopher J. Thorpe, Todd R. Lewis, Matthew C. Fisher, Claudia J. Wierzbicki, Siddharth Kulkarni, David Pryce, Lewis Davies, Aparna Watve, Mairi E. Knight

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is a pathogen killing amphibians worldwide. Its impact across much of Asia is poorly characterized. This study systematically surveyed amphibians for Bd across rocky plateaus in the northern section of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, India, including the first surveys of the plateaus in the coastal region. These ecosystems offer an epidemiological model system since they are characterized by differing levels of connectivity, edaphic and climatic conditions, and anthropogenic stressors. One hundred and eighteen individuals of 21 species of Anura and Apoda on 13 plateaus ranging from 67 to 1179 m above sea level and 15.89 to …

Visualization And Quantification Of Cancer-Associated Enzymes With Fluorescent Small-Molecule Substrate Probes, Zhenhua Shen

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Fluorescence imaging can be used both as a tool to diagnose diseases and guide treatment in clinical settings, and as a technique to monitor dynamic events or biological species in basic research. Therefore, there is a great need for the development of a multitude of fluorescent probes that can be incorporated with fluorescence imaging techniques to track and report endogenous enzymes with high specificity and selectivity. In contrast to always-on and targeted always-on fluorescent probes that continually emit light, activity-based substrate probes either emit low numbers of photons or are completely quenched. They can be converted to highly fluorescent reporters …

Isolated Sporothrix Schenckii Monoarthritis, Aram Barbaryan, Wissam El Atrouni, Stefania Bailuc, Matthew W. Jones, Maharshi Bhakta, Khaldoun Haj Mahmoud, Aibek E. Mirrakhimov

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Sporothrix schenkii sensu lato is a rare cause of arthritis. Its course is indolent with lack of constitutional symptoms resulting in delayed presentation and diagnosis. It is a dimorphic fungus found ubiquitously in sphagnum moss, decaying vegetation, soil, and hay. Inoculation of dirt into the skin and soft tissues and, in rare instances, inhalation of aerosolized conidia from soil and plants can lead to infection. Subacute and chronic involvement of skin and subcutaneous tissues is the most common manifestation of sporotrichosis in immunocompetent hosts. In patients with underlying risk factors (HIV, alcoholism, diabetes mellitus, organ transplant patients, immunosuppressive medications, steroids, …

2018-June-12-Research Award, University Marketing And Communications, East Tennessee State University

ETSU News

No abstract provided.

Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis: Inborn Errors Of Immunity To Human Beta-Papillomaviruses, Sarah J. De Jong, Elias Imahorn, Peter Itin, Jouni Uitto, Gerard Orth, Emmanuelle Jouanguy, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Bettina Burger

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is an autosomal recessive skin disorder with a phenotype conditional on human beta-papillomavirus (beta-HPV) infection. Such infections are common and asymptomatic in the general population, but in individuals with EV, they lead to the development of plane wart-like and red or brownish papules or pityriasis versicolor-like skin lesions, from childhood onwards. Most patients develop non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), mostly on areas of UV-exposed skin, from the twenties or thirties onwards. At least half of the cases of typical EV are caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations of TMC6/EVER1 or TMC8/EVER2. The cellular and molecular basis of disease in …

Antibacterial Efficacy Of Surgical Scrubbing Solutions, Bassam F. Izalddin

Muthanna Medical Journal

Surgical scrubbing with antibacterial solutions is an important step in surgical operations to reduce the incidence of surgical site infection. The aim of study is to evaluated superiority of one of three surgical scrubbing solutions commonly used (povidone iodine, chlorhexidine and aqueous alcohol) by studying their antibacterial action on the skin of the hands of the operating personale. Ninety hands of surgeons, assistants and nurses were included in this study at Al Kindy Teaching Hospital from 1 June, 2011 to 1 Feb, 2012. Divided into three groups each with 30 hands according to the antiseptic solution used for scrubbing (chlorhexidine …

Evaluating Beach Water Quality And Dengue Fever Risk Factors By Satellite Remote Sensing And Artificial Neural Networks, Abdiel Elias Laureano-Rosario

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Climatic variations, together with large-scale environmental forces and human development affect the quality of coastal recreational waters, creating potential risks to human health. These environmental forces, including increased temperature and precipitation, often promote specific vector-borne diseases in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico. Human activities affect water quality through discharges from urban areas, including nutrient and other pollutants derived from wastewater systems. Both water quality of recreational beaches and vector-borne diseases can be better managed by understanding their relationship with local environmental forces.

I evaluated how changes in vector-borne diseases and poor recreational water quality were related to specific environmental …

Inherited Bleeding Disorders-Experience Of A Not-For-Profit Organization In Pakistan, Shabneez Hussain, Shahida Baloch, Azra Parvin, Akbar Najmuddin, Farhana Musheer, Mubashra Junaid, Rab Nawaz Memon, Fareeda Bhanbhro, Hayat Ullah, Bushra Moiz

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Patient registry is a powerful tool for planning health care and setting groundwork for research. This survey reports a detailed registry of inherited bleeding disorders (IBD) and their management at a not-for-profit organization in a developing country to form the basis for planning development and research. We reviewed medical records of patients with IBD from 8 hemophilia treatment centers of Fatimid Foundation located in various cities. Information collected included sociodemographic data, diagnostic tests, severity of hemophilia A and B, number of bleeding episodes per year, site and frequency of hemarthrosis, and seropositivity for viral diseases. We analyzed 1497 patients from …

Informing An Mhealth Intervention To Improve The Hiv Care Continuum In South Africa, Lisa Michelle Diandreth, Nandita Krishnan, Jessica L. Elf, Sarah Cox, Carla Tilchin, Munei Nthulana, Nadine Kronis, Elisa Dupuis, Katlego Motlhaoleng, Jonathan Golub

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Discuss the multi-level barriers impacting the HIV care continuum and the potential use of an mHealth intervention to improve initiation and retention in HIV treatment in South Africa.

Adaptation And Pilot Testing Of Sepa Intervention For Hispanic Women And Men In South Florida, Nilda (Nena) Peragallo Montano, Rosina Cianelli, Natalia Villegas

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the adaptation and pilot testing of the SEPA intervention among Hispanic men and women between 18 and 50 years old. SEPA (Salud/Health, Educacion/Education, Promocion/Promotion, y/and Autocuidado/self care), is a culturally-specific HIV risk reduction intervention. SEPA was originally tailored for Hispanic women.

Evaluation Of Breast Cancer Biomarkers Using Genexpert® On Core Biopsy-A Retrospective Laboratory Based Validation Study., Erick Chesori

Master of Medicine in Anatomic Pathology

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. It is a significant cause of cancer related morbidity and mortality among Kenyan women. Evaluation of Estrogen receptor (ER), Progesterone receptor (PR), and Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast cancer tissue is standard of care as these biomarkers have been shown to have both prognostic and predictive utility. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is the gold standard for evaluation of ER/PR/HER2, but its availability in Kenya is limited due to the high operational cost. There have been recent developments in alternative cheaper and readily accessible molecular based testing platforms …

Resistome Of Carbapenem- And Colistin-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae Clinical Isolates, Sara Lomonaco, Matthew A. Crawford, Christine Lascols, Ruth E. Timme, Kevin Anderson, David R. Hodge, Debra J. Fisher, Segaran P. Pillai, Stephen A. Morse, Erum Khan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

The emergence and dissemination of carbapenemases, bacterial enzymes able to inactivate most β-lactam antibiotics, in Enterobacteriaceae is of increasing concern. The concurrent spread of resistance against colistin, an antibiotic of last resort, further compounds this challenge further. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) can play a significant role in the rapid and accurate detection/characterization of existing and emergent resistance determinants, an essential aspect of public health surveillance and response activities to combat the spread of antimicrobial resistant bacteria. In the current study, WGS data was used to characterize the genomic content of antimicrobial resistance genes, including those encoding carbapenemases, in 10 multidrug-resistant Klebsiella …

Evaluation Of Microbial Safety And Quality Of Louisiana Strawberries After Flooding, Shifa Shiraz

LSU Master's Theses

Rainfall and flooding have impacted the strawberry industry in Louisiana. Floodwater is an ideal medium for microbiological growth and may cause contamination of soil, agricultural water, and fresh produce with foodborne pathogens. This research aimed to evaluate the microbial safety and quality of strawberries after flooding. Three strains of generic Escherichia coli were used to establish a baseline population of approximately 10⁶ CFU/L (high contamination) and 10² CFU/L (low contamination) in floodwater. Five raised beds were filled with water to simulate a flooding event. Simulated floodwater was mixed with cow manure and spiked with generic E. coli then …

Research Output Analysis Of Top Six Universities Of Tamil Nadu, India : A Scientometric View, Sadik Batcha M

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Scientometrics is an important field of information science as it represents a unique set of techniques and tools for the monitoring and analysis of information resources and for the management of knowledge in social and organizational contexts. This article analysed the various Scientometric components of the articles published by top six universities of Tamil Nadu from 2000-2017. The study identifies research trend, characteristics growth and collaboration pattern of published literature. The analysis of data reveals that the average growth rate increases at the rate of 9.76%. Further, the average citation per paper observed is 12.18%. High degree of international collaboration …

Human Behavior Impacts On Health Care, Barbara W. Son, Carole South-Winter

Journal of International & Interdisciplinary Business Research (2014-2019)

It is critical to understand human behavior in order to implement effective health-care policies for both developing and industrialized countries. Human behavior issues were studied in Ghana, with a developing economy, and South Korea, with a developed economy. From the survey research in Ghana in 2014, we learned that rural residents are heavily dependent on traditional health care. However, local community residents preferred to talk to medical doctors about their health care when accessible. We also looked into human behavior issues and the unique hospital culture in South Korea that contributed to the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak …

Prevention Surveillance And Investigation Of Controlled Substance Misuse In The Workplace: The Nurse Leaders' Role, Deirdre O'Flaherty, Seon Lewis-Holman, Irene Macyk

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

An estimated 2 million Americans reported narcotic abuse or dependence in 2014. Prevalence of substance abuse in nursing parallels the general population. Identification of signs and symptoms of abuse, diversion and best practice strategies for investigation are essential for nursing leaders in their role to foster safety in the workplace.

Pharmacy Administration Graduate Student Receives Fellowship, Whitney Tarpy

University of Mississippi News

Ashley Crumby will continue her dissertation research on mentor relationships

Host Factors Involved In Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus Entry, Young-Min Lee

Funded Research Records

No abstract provided.

Injection Partners, Hcv, And Hiv Status Among Rural Persons Who Inject Drugs In Puerto Rico, Patrick Habecker, Roberto Abadie, Melissa L. Welch-Lazoritz, Juan Carlos Reyes, Bilal Khan, Kirk Dombrowski

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Background—The prevalence of hepatitis C (HCV) and HIV among persons who inject drugs (PWID) and the ability of these diseases to spread through injection networks are well documented in urban areas. However, less is known about injection behaviors in rural areas.

Objectives—This study focuses on the association between the number of self-reported injection partners with the PWID’s self-reported HCV and HIV status. Injection networks provide paths for infection and information to flow, and are important to consider when developing prevention and intervention strategies.

Methods—Respondent driven sampling was used to conduct 315 interviews with PWID in rural Puerto Rico during 2015. …