Digital Commons Network^™

Antibiotic Treatment Based On Guidelines For Reducing Length Of Stay (Los) In Patients With Community Acquired Pneumonia (Cap), Fetri Charya Munarsih, Ronald Irwanto Natadidjadja, Syamsudin Syamsudin

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) now is known as the most common infection presented. Empiric antibiotic administered followed by observing parameters. This study aimed to know how far the American Thoracic Society/ Infectious Disease Society of America (ATS/IDSA) antibiotic guidelines 2007 based treatment influenced the length of stay (LOS) of CAP subject in a private hospital ward between January 2014-August 2015 Methods. A retrospective cohort was conducted with bivariate analysis and multivariate analysis for reducing the confounding factor. Sample taken with proportional sampling formula at ward in a hospital in Jakarta. Results. The result showed that subjects with unproper empiric …

Mapping The Research Productivity Of Three Medical Sciences Journals Published In Saudi Arabia: A Comparative Bibliometric Study, Ahmad A. Alanazi, Zameer Baladi, Ikram Ul Haq

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the progress of research outcomes specifically of three old and new established Saudi medical research journals: Saudi Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences (SJMMS), Journal of Saudi Heart Association (JSHA), and Journal of Infection and Public Health (JIPH) for the period of 2013 to 2017.

Materials and Methods: Scientific papers under the titles of original and review articles, short communications, case and short reports were downloaded from the websites of these journals. The data was analyzed according to three parameters: the growth of publication, the types of publication, and …

Antibiotics From Deep-Sea Microorganisms: Current Discoveries And Perspectives, Emiliana Tortorella, Pietro Tedesco, Esposito F Palma, Grant Garren January, Renato Fani, Marcel Jaspars, Pascale D De

School of Biomedical Sciences

The increasing emergence of new forms of multidrug resistance among human pathogenic bacteria, coupled with the consequent increase of infectious diseases, urgently requires the discovery and development of novel antimicrobial drugs with new modes of action. Most of the antibiotics currently available on the market were obtained from terrestrial organisms or derived semisynthetically from fermentation products. The isolation of microorganisms from previously unexplored habitats may lead to the discovery of lead structures with antibiotic activity. The deep-sea environment is a unique habitat, and deep-sea microorganisms, because of their adaptation to this extreme environment, have the potential to produce novel secondary …

Mrsa In The United States, Sweden, And Syria, Derek J. Lillestolen

Montview Journal of Research & Scholarship

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an opportunistic pathogen that is resistant to many broad and narrow-spectrum antibiotics commonly used in the treatment of S. aureus. There has been much fanfare about MRSA, receiving nicknames like “superbug” because of its varying degrees of resistance to the most common broad and narrow-spectrum antibiotics such as penicillin, oxacillin, methicillin and amoxicillin (2). The reality, however, is that MRSA is still susceptible to certain antibiotics and can be treated effectively. This study displays the factors which help and hurt MRSA treatments. There is shown a strong link between the prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics …

Infectious Complications After Deployment Trauma: Following Wounded Us Military Personnel Into Veterans Affairs Care, Jay R Mcdonald, Stephen Y Liang, Ping Li, Salwa Maalouf, Clinton K Murray, Amy C Weintrob, Elizabeth R Schnaubelt, Janis Kuhn, Anuradha Ganesan, William Bradley, David R Tribble, Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program Trauma Infectious Disease Outcomes Study Group

2010-2019 OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Infectious complications related to deployment trauma significantly contribute to the morbidity and mortality of wounded service members. The Trauma Infectious Disease Outcomes Study (TIDOS) collects data on US military personnel injured in Iraq and Afghanistan in an observational cohort study of infectious complications. Patients enrolled in TIDOS may also consent to follow-up through the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). We present data from the first 337 TIDOS enrollees to receive VA healthcare.

METHODS: Data were collected from the Department of Defense (DoD) Trauma Registry, TIDOS infectious disease module, DoD and VA electronic medical records, and telephone interview. Cox proportional …

Quinolines From The Cyclocondensation Of Isatoic Anhydride With Ethyl Acetoacetate: Preparation Of Ethyl 4-Hydroxy-2-Methylquinoline-3-Carboxylate And Derivatives, Nicholas Jentsch, Jared D. Hume, Emily B. Crull, Samer M. Beauti, Amy H. Pham, Julie A. Pigza, Jacques Kessl, Matthew G. Donahue

Faculty Publications

A convenient two-step synthesis of ethyl 4-hydroxy-2-methylquinoline-3-carboxylate derivatives has been developed starting from commercially available 2-aminobenzoic acids. In step 1, the anthranilic acids are smoothly converted to isatoic anhydrides using solid triphosgene in THF. In step 2, the anhydride electrophiles are reacted with the sodium enolate of ethyl acetoacetate, generated from sodium hydroxide, in warm N,N-dimethylacetamide resulting in the formation of substituted quinolines. A degradation–build-up strategy of the ethyl ester at the 3-position allowed for the construction of the α-hydroxyacetic acid residue required for the synthesis of key arylquinolines involved in an HIV integrase project.

Environment, Urbanization, And Public Health: The Bubonic Plague Epidemic Of 1912 In San Juan, Puerto Rico, Ann Zulawski

Latin American and Latino/a Studies: Faculty Publications

In this article I focus on the nexus of urbanization, the environment and public health that was exposed by the 1912 bubonic plague epidemic in San Juan, Puerto Rico. I utilize the concept of “urban health penalty,” developed by demographic historians of the industrial revolution in Europe, to account for the declining health of the working class in cities. While in Europe poor health among the urban poor was associated with industrialization, I argue that in San Juan chaotic, unplanned urbanization reflected the effects of colonialism. I further examine how the epidemic exacerbated the class and racial divisions that contributed …

Epidemiology Of Diabetic Foot Infection In The Metro-Detroit Area With A Focus On Independent Predictors For Pathogens Resistant To Recommended Empiric Antimicrobial Therapy, Oryan Henig, Jason M. Pogue, Raymond Cha, Paul E. Kilgore, Umar Hayat, Mahmoud Ja'ara, Raza Muhamad Ali, Salman Mahboob, Rahul Pansare, Kathryn Deeds, Bushra Joarder, Hyndavi Kandala, Sorabh Dhar, Keith S. Kaye

Department of Pharmacy Practice

Background. The polymicrobial nature of diabetic foot infection (DFI) and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance have complicated DFI treatment. Current treatment guidelines for deep DFI recommend coverage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and susceptible Enterobacteriaceae. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of DFI and to identify predictors for DFI associated with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) and pathogens resistant to recommended treatment (PRRT).

Methods. Adult patients admitted to Detroit Medical Center from January 2012 to December 2015 with DFI and positive cultures were included. Demographics, comorbidities, microbiological history, sepsis severity, and antimicrobial use within 3 months before DFI were obtained …

Commonwealth Times 2018-09-26

Commonwealth Times, 1969-

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Algorithm-Based Therapy Vs Usual Care On Clinical Success And Serious Adverse Events In Patients With Staphylococcal Bacteremia: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Thomas L. Holland, Issam Raad, Helen W. Boucher, Deverick J. Anderson, Sara E. Cosgrove, P S. Aycock, John W. Baddley, Anne-Marie Chaftari, Shein-Chung Chow, Vivian H. Chu, Manuela Carugati, Paul Cook, G R. Corey, Anna L. Crowley, Jennifer Daly, Jiezhun Gu, Ray Hachem, James Horton, Timothy C. Jenkins, Donald Levine, Jose M. Miro, Juan M. Pericas, Paul Riska, Zachary Rubin, Mark E. Rupp, John Schrank, Matthew Sims, Dannah Wray, Marcus Zervos, Vance G. Fowler

Infectious Diseases Articles

Importance: The appropriate duration of antibiotics for staphylococcal bacteremia is unknown.

Objective: To test whether an algorithm that defines treatment duration for staphylococcal bacteremia vs standard of care provides noninferior efficacy without increasing severe adverse events.

Design, Setting, and Participants: A randomized trial involving adults with staphylococcal bacteremia was conducted at 16 academic medical centers in the United States (n = 15) and Spain (n = 1) from April 2011 to March 2017. Patients were followed up for 42 days beyond end of therapy for those with Staphylococcus aureus and 28 days for those with coagulase-negative staphylococcal bacteremia. Eligible patients …

Ua12/2/1 Fit: A Health & Wellness Guide, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

Special magazine of College Heights Herald regarding health and fitness.

• Childress, Nicole. Welcome to Fit
• Southers, Mariah. CVS Shares 4 Ways to Beat the Flu
• Childress, Nicole. Do It Yourself Face Masks
• Goodlett, Ryan. Juices Add Zest to Life
• Southers, Mariah & Bryson Lacasse. Classic Shortcuts – WKU Campus Map
• Wells, Spencer. Little Fox Bakery Offers Sweet Treats for Every Diet
• Southers, Mariah. Turning Up the Heat – Hot Yoga
• Goodlett, Ryan. Iron Woman – Melinda Grimsley-Smith
• Wells, Spencer. Preston Health & Fitness Center: More Than Just a Gym

Antibacterial S-Heterosubstituted Disulfides, Edward Turos, Praveen Ramaraju

USF Patents

Synthetically-derived S,S-heterodisubstituted disulfides that exhibit potent in vitro antibacterial activity against a variety of bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Francisella tularensis. The present invention provides compounds, methods and compositions effective to treat microbial/bacterial infections, and, especially, infections arising from bacteria which have developed resistance to conventional antibiotics.

Compositions, Methods Of Use, And Methods Of Treatment, Roman Manetsch, Lindsey Neil Shaw, Kurt Steven Van Horn, Whittney Nicole Burda

USF Patents

Embodiments of the present disclosure, in one aspect, relate to a 2,4-diaminoquinazoline compound, pharmaceutical compositions including a 2,4-diaminoquinazoline compound, methods of treatment of a condition (e.g., infection) or disease, methods of treatment using compositions or pharmaceutical compositions, and the like.

Effect Of The Synthetic Bile Salt Analog Camsa On The Hamster Model Of Clostridium Difficile Infection, Amber Howerton, Cale O. Seymour, Senthil K. Murugapiran, Zhenlin Liao, Jacqueline R. Phan, Alan Estrada, Adam J. Wagner, Chrisabelle C. Mefferd, Brian P. Hedlund, Ernesto Abel-Santos

Life Sciences Faculty Research

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and has gained worldwide notoriety due to emerging hypervirulent strains and the high incidence of recurrence. We previously reported protection of mice from CDI using the antigerminant bile salt analog CamSA. Here we describe the effects of CamSA in the hamster model of CDI. CamSA treatment of hamsters showed no toxicity and did not affect the richness or diversity of gut microbiota; however, minor changes in community composition were observed. Treatment of C. difficile-challenged hamsters with CamSA doubled the mean time to death, compared to control hamsters. However, CamSA …

Star Power, Pandemics, And Politics: The Role Of Cultural Elites In Global Health Security, Holly Lynne Swayne

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Celebrities have historically served a variety of roles in society ranging from the inspirational to the cautionary, utilizing their platforms of visibility to promote themselves, their work, as well as their social and political causes. This study focuses on celebrities as activists engaging with global health issues, with particular attention to the form this engagement takes, the publicity it receives in the mass media, and the types of global health issues that receive the most celebrity attention. An interdisciplinary approach drawing from theories of power, social movement theory, agenda-setting, and cultural studies is used to achieve greater understanding of underlying …

Federal Policy Update, Carl Schmid

9th Annual Rural HIV Research & Training Conference (2014-2019) (Archived)

During this presentation, discussion will ensue on how Congress and the Administration are funding HIV programs as part of the annual budget and appropriations process. Additionally, insights into the implementation of the Affordable Care Act and other access to care and treatment issues will be shared. Lastly, how Ryan White Program funding is distributed to states and efforts being taken to improve equity will be reviewed.

Hiv/Aids: Pregnancy & The Newborn, Gregory S. Felzien Md Aahivs

9th Annual Rural HIV Research & Training Conference (2014-2019) (Archived)

This presentation will review preconception counseling, testing, assessment, and therapy of both the mother's and newborn's HIV. Additionally, aspects of medical care prior to, throughout, and post-hospitalization of the mother's and newborn's HIV will be discussed. Lastly, the importance of continuation of care post hospitalization with an emphasis on adherence to medical care, issues associated with breastfeeding & pre-mastication, will be assessed.

Hiv And Dental Care, Debra Wilson

9th Annual Rural HIV Research & Training Conference (2014-2019) (Archived)

Myths associated with providing invasive dental care for PLWH will be addressed, as well as, recognition and management of the most common oral manifestations associated with HIV.

Hiv Resistance And Care Update, Gregory S. Felzien Md Aahivs

9th Annual Rural HIV Research & Training Conference (2014-2019) (Archived)

Participants of this learning session will become familiar with the currently available antiretroviral medications through discussing the HIV replicative cycle, become familiar with the mechanism of action of ARVs and how mutations and resistance develops and review current HIV treatment guidelines.

Prep: Establishing A Rural Clinic, Mark Elam

9th Annual Rural HIV Research & Training Conference (2014-2019) (Archived)

Dr. Elam will recount first hand experiences, challenges, and successes with starting a PrEP clinic.

Hiv And Tb In The Rural Southeast, Beth Gadkowski

9th Annual Rural HIV Research & Training Conference (2014-2019) (Archived)

This presentation will review the management of TB in HIV patients as well as address issues for TB Control programs and HIV providers who are working to provide state of the art care to their co-infected patients.

Enhancing Motivation For Mental Health And Substance Use Treatment And Support, Sally Jue

9th Annual Rural HIV Research & Training Conference (2014-2019) (Archived)

This interactive presentation will introduce and demonstrate an evidence-based brief intervention model that builds clients’ awareness of how their mental health and substance use issues prevent them from achieving their life goals, motivates them to seek follow-up specialist care and increases their chances of services referral follow-up, engagement and retention in care, and adherence to treatment. A variety of providers can successfully deliver a client centered brief intervention within ten to twelve minutes in virtually any service setting.

Infections In Older Adults: A Case-Based Discussion Series Emphasizing Antibiotic Stewardship, Alyson Michener, Robin L.P. Jump

Faculty Scholarship

Introduction: Compared with younger populations, adults 65 years and older are more likely to suffer infection-related morbidity and mortality, experience antibiotic-related adverse events, and acquire multidrug-resistant organisms. We developed a series of case-based discussions that stressed antibiotic stewardship while addressing management of common infections in older adults. Methods: Five 1-hour case-based discussions address recognition, diagnosis, and management of infections common in older adults, including those living in long-term care settings: urinary tract infections, upper respiratory tract infections, lower respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and Clostridium difficile infection. The education was implemented at the skilled nursing centers at …

Balancing Early Antibiotic Administration And Stewardship In Sepsis, Cindy Hou, Do, Ma, Mba, Facoi, Facp

Sepsis Symposium

Presented at the 3rd Annual Sepsis Symposium

Systemic Immunosuppression And Risk Of Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Harpal S. Sandhu, Joshua Lambert, Yan Xu, Henry J. Kaplan

Applied Statistics Laboratory Faculty Publications

A local immune response has been implicated in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but it is unclear if systemic immunosuppressive/immunomodulatory therapy (IMT) protects against the onset and/or progression of AMD. We performed a retrospective cohort study using a Cox proportional hazards model of two cohorts. Cohort 1 included patients with stage V chronic kidney disease (CKD) status post kidney transplantation, on at least one IMT agent, and older than 50. Cohort 2 included patients with stage IV or V CKD who had not undergone kidney transplantation, were not on IMT, and were older than 50. The main outcomes …

Haptoglobin Improves Shock, Lung Injury, And Survival In Canine Pneumonia, Kenneth E. Remy, Irene Cortés-Puch, Steven B. Solomon, Junfeng Sun, Benjamin M. Pockros, Jing Feng, Juan J. Lertora, Roy R. Hantgan, Xiaohua Liu, Andreas Perlegas, H. Shaw Warren, Mark T. Gladwin, Daniel B. Kim-Shapiro, Harvey G. Klein, Charles Natanson

Open Access Publications

During the last half-century, numerous antiinflammatory agents were tested in dozens of clinical trials and have proven ineffective for treating septic shock. The observation in multiple studies that cell-free hemoglobin (CFH) levels are elevated during clinical sepsis and that the degree of increase correlates with higher mortality suggests an alternative approach. Human haptoglobin binds CFH with high affinity and, therefore, can potentially reduce iron availability and oxidative activity. CFH levels are elevated over approximately 24-48 hours in our antibiotic-treated canine model of S. aureus pneumonia that simulates the cardiovascular abnormalities of human septic shock. In this 96-hour model, resuscitative treatments, …

Construction Of Pcdna3.1 Vector Encoding Rpfd Gene Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Aprilia Rakhmawati, Andriansjah Rukmana, Anis Karuniawati

Makara Journal of Science

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious diseasecaused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). TB is still a major health problem. The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccineis the only one available for TB and is known to confer variable levels of protection. Because of thisvariability, a new vaccine is needed to control TB. Proteins secreted by M.tuberculosisare known to induce protective immunity. Within the genome of M. tuberculosis, there is a family of proteins called resuscitation promoting factor (Rpf), which playsa role in the reactivation of M. tuberculosis. RpfD is amember of the Rpf family that has been shown to be immunogenic, makingitsuitable for …

Densitas Gizi Dan Morbiditas Serta Hubungannya Dengan Status Gizi Anak Usia Prasekolah Pedesaan, Sarah Melati Davidson, Cesilia Meti Dwiriani, Ali Khomsan

Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia

School age children are susceptible to experiencing nutritional problems, one of which is due to environmental
factors, especially the physical environment which provides broad, affordable food, higher energy density
and lack of consumption of fruits and vegetables. The efforts to improve the habit of eating fruits and vegetables in
school children is the existence of school based intervention. This study aim to analyze the effect of school based
intervention program to increase of fruit and vegetable consumption of elementary school students. The study
took place from February to May 2017 in Nganjuk, East Java. This study used experimental design with …

Periode Waktu Inisiasi Anti-Retroviral Terapi (Art) Berhubungan Dengan Perbedaan Outcome Dan Tingkat Kadar Cd4 Pada Kasus Hiv Positif, Wayan Citra Wulan Sucipta Putri, Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri, Komang Ayu Kartika Sari

Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia

Early ART (Anti Retroviral Therapy) treatment at higher CD4 levels is believed to provide better outcomes.
This study aims to determine the differences in outcomes and levels of CD4 levels based on the initiation period
of ART in HIV positive patients. This is a retrospective study, using secondary data to see differences in outcomes
(CD4, morbidity, morbidity, lost to follow-up) of patients based on time-span status of ART initiation. The study
population was all HIV-positive patients who were or had undergone antiretroviral therapy in Denpasar City. A
total of 312 patients were included in the study according to the criteria. …

Volume 56, Number 6: September 19, 2018, University Of North Dakota

University Letter Archive

No abstract provided.