Digital Commons Network^™

Sequestered Alkaloid Defenses In The Dendrobatid Poison Frog Oophaga Pumilio Provide Variable Protection From Microbial Pathogens, K. J. Hovey, E. M. Seiter, Erin E. Johnson, Ralph Saporito

2018 Faculty Bibliography

Most amphibians produce their own defensive chemicals; however, poison frogs sequester their alkaloid-based defenses from dietary arthropods. Alkaloids function as a defense against predators, and certain types appear to inhibit microbial growth. Alkaloid defenses vary considerably among populations of poison frogs, reflecting geographic differences in availability of dietary arthropods. Consequently, environmentally driven differences in frog defenses may have significant implications regarding their protection against pathogens. While natural alkaloid mixtures in dendrobatid poison frogs have recently been shown to inhibit growth of non-pathogenic microbes, no studies have examined the effectiveness of alkaloids against microbes that infect these frogs. Herein, we examined …

Assessing Criterion Validity Of Using Internet Searches As A Measure Of Public Attention, Elizabeth A. Stiles, Patrick E. Grogan-Myers

2018 Faculty Bibliography

We examine the criterion validity of using internet searches as a measure of public attention to United States Supreme Court (USSC) cases. First, we construct a measure of public attention to three cases by comparing relevant search terms in Google Trends to one top search terms of the year, then sum the measure week by week during the period of the research design. To test the measure’s criterion validity, we replicate Scott and Saunders’ (2006) models using their dataset (created by conducting phone interviews of a national sample using random digit dialing) that was designed to assess awareness of USSC …

Can Nondolphins Commit Suicide?, David M. Peña-Guzmán

Animal Sentience

This Response addresses the scientific and philosophical criticisms of my 2017 target article “Can nonhuman animals commit suicide?” It defends my key claims and explores topics (such as animal judgment, animal theory of mind, and the evolution of suicide) that did not appear in the original article. It also points out areas in which further research is needed and concludes that we should be wary of accusations of “anthropomorphism” in debates about animal suicide.

Prodigal Pets: A History Of Animal Sheltering In America And The Origin Of The No Kill Movement, Susan K. Houser

eBooks

In 224 pages, this book traces the history of animal sheltering in the United States of America and its gradual transition from 1990 onwards into support for the "no-kill" goal in which less than 10% of animals entering shelters are euthanized. The includes extensive reporting identifying trends in animal shelter intakes and outcomes. All sources are carefully cited.

Investigation On The Regeneration And Corrosion Characteristics Of An Anodized Aluminum Plate Regenerator., Tao Wen, Lin Lu, Hongxing Yang, Yimo Luo

Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)

The traditional vapor compression cooling system (VCS) has been criticized for its heavy reliance on electricity consumption and limited control ability of humidity. Compared with the VCS, the liquid desiccant cooling system (LDCS) is more efficient by handling the sensible and latent load separately. The present study investigated the regeneration and corrosion characteristics of an anodized aluminum plate regenerator for the first time. Comparative tests were conducted to present the regeneration and corrosion characteristics of the normal and anodized regenerator. The influence of internal heating on the regeneration performance was also identified. The results showed that the corrosion rate was …

A Parameter Study Of The Effect Of A Plasma-Induced Ozone Colour-Fading Process On Sulphur-Dyed Cotton Fabric, Dan Zhong, Yao Hui Liu, Ngan Ting Cheung, Chi Wai Kan, Hong Chua

Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)

A plasma-induced ozone colour-fading treatment was used for treating a blue sulphur-dyed knitted cotton fabric. Since the process parameters of plasma-induced ozone colour-fading treatment are inter-related with one other, the final colour-fading results are affected. An orthogonal array testing strategy (OATS) method was used for determining the optimum conditions of the plasmainduced ozone colour-fading treatment in this study. Three process parameters used in the plasmainduced ozone colour-fading treatment, i.e., oxygen gas concentration (%), water content in fabric (%), and treatment time (minutes), were used in the optimization process. Experimental results reveal the optimum conditions for fading the colour by plasma-induced …

Neighborhood Variation Of Sustainable Urban Morphologicalcharacteristics, P. C. Lai, Sissi Si Chen, C. T. Low, Ester Cerin, Robert Stimson, Py Paulina Wong

Faculty of Design & Environment (THEi)

Compact cities and their urban forms have implications on sustainable city development because of high density urban settlement, increased accessibility, and a balanced land use mix. This paper uses quantitative means of understanding urban morphological characteristics with reference to the differing qualities of the urban form (i.e., street patterns, building volumes, land uses and greenery). The results, based on 89 neighborhood communities of Hong Kong, show varying degrees of regional differences in the urban built form supported by numerical statistics and graphical illustrations. This paper offers empirical evidence on some morphological characteristics that can be estimated objectively using modern geospatial …

Physical Activity And Physical Fitness Of Adults With Intellectual Disabilities In Group Homes In Hong Kong, Bik C. Chow, Peggy H.N. Choi, Wendy Y.J. Huang

Faculty of Design & Environment (THEi)

Adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) typically have a sedentary lifestyle and higher rates of overweight and obesity. This study describes the habitual daily physical activity (PA) and the health-related physical fitness (PF) of adults with mild and moderate ID who resided in four group homes and worked in sheltered workshops. We also assessed the contribution of PF variables towards PA levels and sedentary behavior of this population subgroup. Adults with mild and moderate ID (N = 114) were assessed on PF tests (percent body fat, waist and hip circumferences, 6-min walk (6MWT), arm curl, and sit and reach). PA and …

Cultivate Fall/Winter 2018, Utah State University

Cultivate Magazine

Bi-annual magazine for the College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences.

An Adult With A Remnant Urachus Anomaly Diagnosed In The Emergency Department., Alan Lucerna, James Lee, James Espinosa, Risha Hertz, Victor Scali

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

The urachus is a midline tubular structure that stretches from the apex of the bladder and connects to the umbilicus. Urachal remnants result from incomplete regression of the fetal urachus in infancy. We report the case of a 21-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with purulent drainage from his umbilicus in association with a chronic intermittent "pulling sensation" in the umbilicus and suprapubic areas. An infected urachal remnant was diagnosed and was treated with an oral antibiotic and ultimately with outpatient excision of the remnant. Such cases are rare but have the potential to progress to sepsis. In …

Utrgv School Of Medicine Course Catalog 2018-2019, The University Of Texas Rio Grande Valley. School Of Medicine

UTRGV Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Math Biology Seminar | Results In Behavioral Epidemiology Of Infectious Diseases, Jan 23, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

Physical Therapy Intervention In A Patient With West Nile Meningitis: A Case Approach, Kelsie Gunnufson

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose. West Nile Virus (WNV) is a neurotropic virus capable of causing damage of varying severity. WNV is commonly transmitted to humans from mosquitoes and is most prevalent in the months of August and September due to the method of transmission. The WNV can produce mild systemic symptoms classified as West Nile Fever (WNF). However, it can progress and infiltrate the nervous system, at which point the virus is categorized as neuroinvasive. One classification is West Nile Meningitis (WNM) that involves infection and inflammation of the meninges or coverings surrounding the brain and spinal cord. There is …

Adults With Liver Failure In The Intensive Care Unit: A Transplant Primer For Nurses, Cheryl Mcginnis, Stacia Hays

Walden Faculty and Staff Publications

Liver transplantation has become the standard of care for the treatment of a variety of liver diseases that in the past would have resulted in an early death. According to the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) there are currently 14,433 candidates waiting for a liver transplant in the United States. A total of 7,841 liver transplants were performed in the United States in 2016[1]. Despite increased education regarding organ donation and advances in patient management, there continues to be a gap in the supply and demand of organs for transplant. Due to this scarce resource, pre and post- transplant …

Make America Discriminate Again? Why Hobby Lobby's Expansion Of Rfra Is Bad Medicine For Transgender Health Care, Alexis M. Florczak

Health Matrix: The Journal of Law-Medicine

The article highlights the implications of the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in "Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc." which held for-profit corporations could be exempt from the Affordable Care Act's (ACA)contraceptive mandate because of their sincerely held religious beliefs. Topics discussed include ACA Nondiscrimination or Civil Rights provision provides valuable protections to transgender individuals; and Department of Health and Human Services' further guidance on the ACA's provision.

Evaluating The Discriminating Capacity Of Cell Death (Apoptotic) Biomarkers In Sepsis., Christopher Duplessis, Michael Gregory, Kenneth Frey, Matthew Bell, Luu Truong, Kevin Schully, James Lawler, Raymond J. Langley, Stephen F. Kingsmore, Christopher W. Woods, Emanuel P. Rivers, Anja K. Jaehne, Eugenia B. Quackenbush, Vance G. Fowler, Ephraim L. Tsalik, Danielle Clark

Emergency Medicine Articles

Background: Sepsis biomarker panels that provide diagnostic and prognostic discrimination in sepsis patients would be transformative to patient care. We assessed the mortality prediction and diagnostic discriminatory accuracy of two biomarkers reflective of cell death (apoptosis), circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA), and nucleosomes.

Methods: The cfDNA and nucleosome levels were assayed in plasma samples acquired in patients admitted from four emergency departments with suspected sepsis. Subjects with non-infectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) served as controls. Samples were acquired at enrollment (T0) and 24 h later (T24). We assessed diagnostic (differentiating SIRS from sepsis) and prognostic (28-day mortality) predictive power. Models …

Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis: Tuberculosis, Tnfα Inhibitors, And Crohn's Disease, Brent L. Cao

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Inflammation is often a protective reaction against harmful foreign agents. However, in many disease conditions, the mechanisms behind the inflammatory response are poorly understood. Often times, the inflammation causes adverse effects, such as joint pain, abdominal pain, fever, fatigue, and loss of appetite. Thus, many treatments aim to inhibit the inflammatory response in order to control adverse symptoms. Such treatments include TNFα inhibitors. However, a major risk associated with drugs inhibiting tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is serious infection, including tuberculosis (TB).

Anti-TNFα therapy is used to treat patients with Crohn’s disease, for which the risk of tuberculosis may be …

A Cure For Salmonella: Engaging Students In Pathogen Microbiology And Bioinformatics, Sophie Jurgensen

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

Advances in Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology have generated a vast amount of publicly available genomic data, creating a need for students with training in computational analysis. This laboratory lesson is a course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) focusing on environmental Salmonella, a common foodborne pathogen that is of great interest to public health laboratories but is relatively less virulent than most other such pathogens. As discovery is a central tenet of CUREs, students isolate novel Salmonella enterica and related strains from stream sediment, poultry litter, or other sources in the first half of the lesson (Module 1). They also …

Ada Senior Lobbyist Jennifer Fisher Named Top Dc Lobbyist, American Dental Association

News Releases

This collection includes standard news releases, information kits and other documents distributed for publicity, information, announcements of events, etc. as issued from the ADA. Items included in this collection are archival and any costs, links, contact information, or other figures may be out of date. Please contact the ADA to verify information.

Improving The Detection Limit Of Tau Aggregates For Use With Biological Samples, Emily Rickman Hager

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The protein Tau is found in neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease and over 20 other neurodegenerative diseases. An assay has been developed to detect minute amounts of fibrils from human brain tissue. This assay subjects brain tissue extract and recombinant Tau to several rounds of sonication and incubation. Incubation allows recombinant Tau to add itself to the ends of the existing fibrils in brain tissue extract. Sonication breaks the existing fibrils in the brain tissue extract offering more ends for Tau to add onto. Cycles of sonication and incubation have been shown to allow for amplification of Tau fibrils from …

Risk Behaviors And Hiv Care Continuum Outcomes Among Criminal Justice-Involved Hiv-Infected Transgender Women And Cisgender Men: Data From The Seek, Test, Treat, And Retain Harmonization Initiative., Curt G Beckwith, Irene Kuo, Rob J Fredericksen, Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein, William E Cunningham, Sandra A Springer, Kelsey B Loeliger, Julie Franks, Katerina Christopoulos, Jennifer Lorvick, Shoshana Y Kahana, Rebekah Young, David W Seal, Chad Zawitz, Joseph A Delaney, Heidi M Crane, Mary L Biggs

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Transgender persons are highly victimized, marginalized, disproportionately experience incarceration, and have alarmingly increased rates of HIV infection compared to cis-gender persons. Few studies have examined the HIV care continuum outcomes among transgender women (TW), particularly TW who are involved with the criminal justice (CJ) system.

METHODS: To improve our understanding of HIV care continuum outcomes and risk behaviors among HIV-infected TW who are involved with the CJ system, we analyzed data from the National Institute on Drug Abuse-supported Seek, Test, Treat, Retain (STTR) Data Harmonization Initiative. Baseline data were pooled and analyzed from three U.S. STTR studies to examine …

Infectious Diseases In Context [Book Review], Kevin Mcdonough

Book Reviews

No abstract provided.

Preparing For The Apocalypse: A Multi-Prong Proposal To Develop Countermeasures For Biological, Chemical, Radiological, And Nuclear Threats, Constance E. Bagley, Anat Alon-Beck

Faculty Publications

The false alarm of an Hawaiian nuclear attack in January 2018 is an example of the lack of U.S. preparedness for attacks using nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction. To address such threats, this Article proposes the establishment of a nation-wide integrated defense of health countermeasures initiative (“DHCI”), which is a multi-prong program to create a defensive triad comprising government, private industry, and academia to develop countermeasures for health threats posed by biological, chemical, radiological, and nuclear (“BCRN”) attacks. Key elements of our multi-faceted proposal include the use of the government’s Other Transaction Authority to simplify procurement arrangements, the …

Graduate Medical Education Annual Report 2017-2018, Children's Mercy Hospital

GME Annual Reports

Annual report of the Children's Mercy Hospital Graduate Medical Education department, including pediatric residency, internal medicine/pediatrics residency, fellowship programs, medical students, continuing medical education, and library services.

The Perils Of Philanthrocapitalism, Eric Franklin Amarante

Scholarly Works

For over a century, philosophers, politicians, and sociologists have bemoaned philanthropy's inherent antidemocratic, paternalistic, and amateuristic aspects. The antidemocratic nature of philanthropy is self-evident: When a wealthy person determines the best way to address a societal problem without the input of either society at large or the intended beneficiaries of the philanthropy, the result is a deficit of democracy. Philanthropy's amateurism stems from the illogical belief that wealthy individuals ought to address some of the world's most complex and intransigent problems simply because they successfully amassed a fortune in the private sector. The paternalism critique focuses on the assumption that …

College Of Osteopathic Medicine 2018, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Impact Of An Exercise Program On Stress, Fatigue, And Quality Of Life For Individuals Living With Primary Immunodeficiency Disease, Kerri Sowers

Department of Physical Therapy Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Background: There are over 300 Primary Immunodeficiency diseases (PID) that are a result of a genetic or idiopathic dysfunction of any aspect of the immune system. These conditions result in a higher frequency of infections, autoimmune conditions, or malignancies. Moderate intensity exercise is thought to help the immune system, while high intensity exercise may have a negative impact on immune function. The impact of exercise on individuals with an impaired immune system due to PID is not yet understood. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a low to moderate intensity exercise program would have an effect …

Assessing Beliefs, Attitudes, And Perceived Risks Of Hiv As Predictors Of Hiv Testing Behavior Among Seniors In The Coachella Valley, California, Gillian Sealy

Health Sciences Program Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2017), at the end of 2014, approximately 428,724 people 50 years or older were diagnosed and living with HIV in the United States. A contributing factor to the high incidence of HIV in this population is unknown HIV/AIDS serostatus (Fenton, 2007). The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2018), terms serostatus as the state of having or not having detectable antibodies against a specific antigen (https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/understanding-hiv-aids/glossary/1632/serostatus). Contributing to the lack of knowledge about HIV serostatus, is that those over 50 are less likely to be tested for HIV even …

Altered Ratio Of T Follicular Helper Cells To T Follicular Regulatory Cells Correlates With Autoreactive Antibody Response In Simian Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Rhesus Macaques, Wenjin Fan, Andrew James Demers, Yanmin Wan, Qingsheng Li

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Individuals with chronic HIV-1 infection have an increased prevalence of autoreactive Abs. Many of the isolated HIV broadly neutralizing Abs from these individuals are also autoreactive. However, the underlying mechanism(s) that produce these autoreactive broadly neutralizing Abs remains largely unknown. The highly regulated coordination among B cells, T follicular helper (T_FH) cells, and T follicular regulatory (T_FR) cells in germinal centers (GCs) of peripheral lymphatic tissues (LTs) is essential for defense against pathogens while also restricting autoreactive responses. We hypothesized that an altered ratio of T_FH/T_FR cells in the GC contributes to the …

Adherence And Perceived Barriers To Oral Antiviral Therapy For Chronic Hepatitis B, Kerui Xu, Li-Ming Liu, Evi A. Farazi, Hongmei Wang, Fedja A. Rochling, Shinobu Watanabe-Galloway, Jian-Jun Zhang

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

BACKGROUND: Globally, of the 248 million people chronically infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV), 74 million reside in China. Five oral nucleot(s)ide analogs (NUCs) have been approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in China.

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to determine rates of adherence to NUC therapy in patients with CHB, to identify the self-perceived barriers to adherence, and to examine the factors associated with adherence.

METHODS: Questionnaire-based interviews were administered among Chinese patients with CHB at hepatology clinics of a tertiary hospital in the city of Wuhan, China. Adults aged 18 years or …