Digital Commons Network^™

Female Family Members Lack Understanding Of Indeterminate Negative Brca1/2 Test Results Shared By Probands, Wendy C. Birmingham, Deborah O. Himes Msn, Aprn-Bc, Deborah K. Gibbons, Renea L. Beckstrand, Amanda Gammon, Anita Y. Kinney, Margaret F. Clayton

Faculty Publications

Genetic test results have important implications for close family members. Indeterminate negative results are the most common outcome of BRCA1/2 muta-tion testing. Little is known about family members' understanding of indeterminate negative BRCA1/2 test results. The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to in-vestigate how daughters and sisters received and understood genetic test results as shared by their mothers or sisters. Participants included 81 women aged 40–74 with mothers or sisters previously diagnosed with breast cancer and who received inde-terminate negative BRCA1/2 test results. Participants had never been diagnosed with breast cancer nor received their own genetic testing or counseling. …

Characterization Of Pyrolysis Products From Fast Pyrolysis Of Live And Dead Vegetation Native To The Southern United States, Mohammad-Saeed Safdari, Mahmood Rahmati, Elham Amini, Joel E. Howarth, Jansen P. Berryhill, Mark Dietenberger, David R. Weise, Thomas H. Fletcher

Faculty Publications

Prescribed burning (controlled burning) is used to decrease accumulation of combustible materials and reduce impact of uncontrolled wildland fires. Prescribed fires are often used to burn undergrowth in Southern forests of the United States. In order to improve prescribed fire application, accomplish desired fire effects, and limit potential runaway fires, an improved understanding of the fundamental processes related to combustion of heterogeneous fuel beds of live and dead fuels is needed. The initial processes of combustion involve pyrolysis and ignition. During this research, fast pyrolysis of 14 live and dead (biomass) plant species which are native to the Southern United …

Fire Behavior In Chaparral–Evaluating Flame Models With Laboratory Data, David R. Weise, Thomas H. Fletcher, Wesley Cole, Shankar Mahalingam, Xiangyang Zhou, Lulu Sun, Jing Li

Faculty Publications

Flame and mass loss data for chaparral, a mixture of shrub plants from the Mediterranean climate zone of southwestern North America, from five previously reported experiments were used to evaluate several published models relating flame characteristics to mass loss and heat release rates. These data are unique with fuel moisture content ranging from 0.36 to 0.94 (dry basis); the study used mass loss rates which included water loss. Fit of the data to Froude number correlations developed by Albini, Byram, Nelson and Thomas and heat release rate—flame length correlations by Heskestad, Zukoski, and Yuan/Cox for axisymmetric and line fires were …

Examining Acoustic And Kinematic Measures Of Articulatory Working Space: Effects Of Speech Intensity, Christopher Dromey, Jason A. Whitfield, Panika Palmer

Faculty Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of speech intensity on acoustic and kinematic vowel space measures and conduct a preliminary examination of the relationship between kinematic and acoustic vowel space metrics calculated from continuously sampled lingual marker and formant traces. Method: Young adult speakers produced 3 repetitions of 2 different sentences at 3 different loudness levels. Lingual kinematic and acoustic signals were collected and analyzed. Acoustic and kinematic variants of several vowel space metrics were calculated from the formant frequencies and the position of 2 lingual markers. Traditional metrics included triangular vowel space area and …

Development And Preliminary Assessment Of Interprofessional Education Focused On Vulnerable Populations, Celia Pechak, Connie Summers, Barbara Schoen, Margie Padilla, Patricia Lara, Joanna Velasco, Stephanie Capshaw

Faculty Publications

With the current state of the U.S. healthcare system, interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) has never been more important. Health professions educators are increasingly incorporating interprofessional education (IPE) in their curricula in order to prepare students for IPCP. The HealthFocused IPE Community of Practice (representing nursing, occupational therapy, pharmacy, physical therapy, rehabilitation counseling, social work, and speech-language pathology) at the University of Texas at El Paso has created a unique IPE model centered on vulnerable populations. The purposes of this paper are to describe the early development of this innovative IPE model and present findings from an evaluation of an IPE …

Polysyllabic Shortening In Speakers Exposed To Two Languages, Todd A. Gibson, Connie Summers

Faculty Publications

Polysyllabic shortening is used to maintain stress-timed rhythm in English, but used negligibly in Spanish. It is unknown how polysyllabic shortening is influenced when individuals are exposed to one language that employs it and one that does not. We calculated polysyllabic shortening for 35 functionally monolingual English-speaking adults and 19 relatively balanced Spanish–English bilingual peers who repeated English and Spanish nonwords. Results showed that speech motor patterns learned early in life might be sufficient to block cross-linguistic transfer of polysyllabic shortening despite limited language proficiency, and bilingual speakers appear to signal membership in the majority language by increasing polysyllabic shortening.

The Spark In The Powder: Iroquois Freemen Trappers In The Rocky Mountain Fur Trade, Jay H. Buckley

Faculty Publications

This article challenges Iroquoian stereotypes portrayed in existing fur trade records by contrasting the failure of the Hudson’s Bay Company (HBC) to integrate Iroquois and Métis trappers as successfully as the North West Company (NWC) had. The article also compares that to the successful integration and positive portrayal of Iroquois and Métis (mixed-desent) trappers within the American Rocky Mountain fur trade. Racial and economic discrimination by the HBC toward the Iroquois caused a negative impact on the financial success of the Snake Country expeditions under HBC’s Alexander Ross. Additionally, behaviors resulting from such discrimination received negative portrayals in Peter Skene …

Effects Of Parent-Implemented Interventions On Outcomes Of Children With Developmental Disabilities: A Meta-Analysis., Tina Dyches, Timothy B. Smith, Barbara Mandleco, Byran Korth

Faculty Publications

Background: A large body of literature exists related to parent-implemented interventions for children with disabilities, so it is helpful to synthesize the results of outcome-based interventions for children with developmental disabilities. Specifically, what are the effects of parent-implemented interventions intended to improve children’s (1) social behaviors, (2) life skills/adaptive behavior, and (3) communication skills?

Method: Using meta-analytic aggregation of effect sizes across 30 studies with a total of 1,356 participants, this review examined the association between parent-implemented interventions and intended outcomes of young children with developmental disabilities.

Results: Across all 30 studies comparing children’s outcomes to control groups, the random …

The Design, Development, And Implementation Of Student-Facing Learning Analytics Dashboards, Robert Bodily, Tarah K. Ikahihfo, Benjamin Mackley, Charles R. Graham

Faculty Publications

We have designed, developed, and implemented a student-facing learning analytics dashboard in order to support students as they learn in online environments. There are two separate dashboards in our system: a content recommender dashboard and a skills recommender dashboard. The content recommender helps students identify gaps in their content knowledge; the skills recommender helps students improve their metacognitive strategies. We discuss the technical requirements needed to develop a real-time student dashboard as well as report our inquiry into the functionality students want in a dashboard. The dashboards were evaluated with focus groups and a perceptions survey. Students were positive in …

Comparing K-12 Online And Blended Teaching Competencies: A Literature Review, Emily Pulham, Charles R. Graham

Faculty Publications

This article presents a synthesis of reports and research on K-12 blended teaching competencies compared with K-12 online teaching competencies. The skills needed to teach in online and blended environments are distinct from traditional teaching, but teacher education programs often do not equip preservice teachers for the new modes of instruction. Additionally, there is a dearth of research on blended teaching competencies. This review synthesizes 8 blended teaching documents and 10 online teaching documents. Seven global themes identified in both competency domains are (1) pedagogy, (2) management, (3) assessment, (4) technology, (5) instructional design, (6) dispositions, and (7) improvement. The …

Controls And Cooperation In Interactive And Non-Interactive Settings, Jace Garrett, Jeffrey A. Livingston, William B. Tayler

Faculty Publications

Prior research finds that controls that induce cooperation among collaborators on a project increase trust, and that this increased trust increases subsequent cooperation among collaborators. We extend this work by investigating how controls influence cooperative behavior in two settings. The first is an interactive setting where people work together and can benefit from each other’s work. The second is a non-interactive setting where people do not work together directly, but where behavior can be observed. We propose that because controls are likely to engender greater trust and reciprocity in interactive settings than in non-interactive settings, the effect of controls on …

The Value To Management Of Using The Internal Audit Function As A Management Training Ground, Joseph V. Carcello, Marc Eulerich, Adi Masli, David A. Wood

Faculty Publications

This study examines how using the internal audit function as a management training ground (MTG) impacts manager’s reliance on internal auditor recommendations. While prior research suggests that using internal audit as a MTG can adversely affect financial reporting quality, external audit fees, and internal audit efficiency, many internal audit functions use this practice. We study how this practice influences another important stakeholder—senior management. Based on survey results of 355 chief audit executives (CAEs), we find that CAEs perceive senior management to be more likely to use recommendations from MTG internal auditors than non- MTG internal auditors. To bolster the validity …

Toward Conflict Or Compromise? How Violent Metaphors Polarize Partisan Issue Attitudes, Nathan P. Kalmoe, Joshua R. Gubler, David A. Wood

Faculty Publications

We know much about how opinion leaders drive mass partisan polarization with position-taking cues but little on how different message types polarize citizens, and who responds most to those messages attributes. This article contributes new insights by investigating how exposure to common violent metaphors interacts with audience personality traits to polarize partisans on issues. Building from research on conflict orientations, we theorize that aggressive rhetoric primes aggression in aggressive partisans, motivating greater intransigence on party positions. As a consequence, aggressive partisans are pulled further apart on issues, thereby reducing prospects for compromise. We find support for our predictions in two …

Violence, Aggression, And Ethics: The Link Between Exposure To Human Violence And Unethical Behavior, Joshua R. Gubler, Skye Herrick, Richard Price, David A. Wood

Faculty Publications

Can exposure to media portrayals of human violence impact an individual’s ethical decision making at work? Ethical business failures can result in enormous financial losses to individuals, businesses, and society. We study how exposure to human violence—especially through media—can cause individuals to make less ethical decisions. We present three experiments, each showing a causal link between exposure to human violence and unethical business behavior, and show this relationship is mediated by an increase in individual hostility levels as a result of exposure to violence. Using observational data, we then provide evidence suggesting that this relationship extends beyond the context of …

Manager Sentiment And Stock Returns, Fuwei Jiang, Joshua A. Lee, Xiumin Martin, Guofu Zhou

Faculty Publications

This paper constructs a manager sentiment index based on the aggregated textual tone of corporate financial disclosures. We find that manager sentiment is a strong negative pre- dictor of future aggregate stock market returns, with monthly in-sample and out-of-sample R 2 s of 9.75% and 8.38%, respectively, which is far greater than the predictive power of other previously studied macroeconomic variables. Its predictive power is economically compa- rable and is informationally complementary to existing measures of investor sentiment. Higher manager sentiment precedes lower aggregate earnings surprises and greater aggre- gate investment growth. Moreover, manager sentiment negatively predicts cross-sectional stock returns, …

Proprietary Costs And Sealing Documents In Patent Litigation, Richard Frankel, Joshua A. Lee, Zawadi Lemayian

Faculty Publications

We study whether the sealing of a defendant’s judicial records during a patent lawsuit filing correlates with the defendant’s level of competition and disclosure. Courts permit sealing of judicial records when competitive damage outweighs the public interest in access to documents and records. We find that defendants with sealed judicial records have higher research and development (R&D), lower industry sales concentration, and more references to competition in their annual reports than defendants without sealed judicial records. We observe faster mean reversion of return on net operating assets when courts seal defendant records. The results suggest that sealing relates to archival …

Prevalence Of Asthma, Aspirin Sensitivity And Allergy In Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Data From The Uk National Chronic Rhinosinusitis Epidemiology Study, Cm Philpott, S Erskine, C Hopkins, N Kumar, S Anari, N Kara, S Sunkaraneni, J Ray, A Clark, A Wilson, S Erskine, C Philpott, A Clark, C Hopkins, A Robertson, S Ahmed, N Kara, S Carrie, V Sunkaraneni, J Ray, S Anari, P Jervis, J Panesaar, A Farboud, N Kumar, R Cathcart, R Almeyda, H Khalil, P Prinsley

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

Microplastics In Marine Sediments Near Rothera Research Station, Antarctica, Sarah Reed, Marlon Clark, Richard Thompson, Kevin A. Hughes

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

Public Goods And Public Policy: What Is Public Good, And Who And What Decides?, Ellen Hazelkorn, Andrew Gibson

Articles

Higher education is usually seen as serving the public good, especially when funded directly by the state, and because of the ‘social benefit efficiency gains and potential equity effects on opportunity and reduced inequality’ (McMahon, 2009, p. 255). Calhoun (2006, p. 19) argues that public support for higher education is only given and maintained according to its capacity, capability, and willingness, to ‘educate citizens in general, to share knowledge, to distribute it as widely as possible in accord with publically articulated purposes’.

Bayesian Non-Parametric Conditional Copula Estimation Of Twin Data, L Dalla Valle, Fabrizio Leisen, Luca Rossini

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Reconsidering Design And Evaluation, Andrew S. Gibbons Iii, David D. Williams

Faculty Publications

In this paper we have put design and evaluation as it were under a microscope with multiple lenses. We use four different snapshots of design, each at a different level of resolution, to reveal new perspectives on the design-evaluation relationship. We believe that the disparate views of designers and evaluators can be resolved by resorting to the middle ground described by Klir. We believe also that the disparate views of educational technologists and learning scientists can be similarly resolved by appealing to the similar principle of Edelson.

Seasonal Variability In The Population Structure Of A Habitat-Forming Kelp And A Conspicuous Gastropod Grazer: Do Blue-Rayed Limpets (Patella Pellucida) Exert Top-Down Pressure On Laminaria Digitata Populations?, H Hereward, A Foggo, S Hinckley, J Greenwood, D Smale

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

A Subword-Based Deep Learning Approach For Sentiment Analysis Of Political Tweets, M Pota, M Esposito, Ma Palomino, Gl Masala

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

The Heart Of Cities Seen Through The Making Of Objects, P Davis

School of Art, Design and Architecture

No abstract provided.

Disadvantage In English Seaside Resorts: A Typology Of Deprived Neighbourhoods, Sheela Agarwal, Steven Jakes, Stephen Essex, Stephen J. Page, Martin Mowforth

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Socio-economic disadvantage experienced by residents of English seaside resorts has been growing over the last decade, and academic and practice-based research is providing better insights into the causes, internal dynamics and appropriate policy responses to these issues in coastal communities. This paper examines the nature and extent of disadvantage in English seaside resorts through analysis of a specially devised spatial and temporal database, which draws together various publicly available sources beyond the population census and Index of Multiple Deprivation. Using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses of this database, a new typology of highly deprived resort neighbourhoods has been devised, with …

From Babies To Robots: The Contribution Of Developmental Robotics To Developmental Psychology, A Cangelosi, M Schlesinger

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

© 2018 The Society for Research in Child Development, Inc. The latest developments in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, and the parallel advances in robotics, have contributed recently to a shift in the scientific approach to modeling human intelligence. These innovations, accompanied by the new emphasis on embodied and grounded cognition in AI and psychology, have led to the establishment of the field of developmental robotics. This field features an interdisciplinary approach, built on collaboration between cognitive robotics and child psychology, to the autonomous design of behavioral and cognitive capabilities in artificial cognitive agents, such as robots, which is …

Spanish Translation And Validation Of The Empathic-30 Questionnaire To Measure Parental Satisfaction In Intensive Care Units, Orive Fj Pilar, Lozano J Basabe, Zuñiga A López, Fernández Ym López, Argaluza J Escudero, Jm Latour

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Introduction Few validated surveys measuring parental satisfaction in the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) are available, and none of them in Spanish language. The aim of this study is to translate and validate the questionnaire EMpowerment of PArents in THe Intensive Care (EMPATHIC). This questionnaire measures parental perceptions of paediatric intensive care-related satisfaction items in the Spanish language. Material and methods A prospective cohort study was carried out using questionnaires completed by relatives of children (range 0–17 years old) admitted into a tertiary PICU. Inclusion criteria were a length of stay more than 24 h, and a suitable understanding of …

Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Smart Composites For Sensing Freezing Temperature And Deicing By Self-Heating, S Jang, Y-L Park

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Carbon nanotube-reinforced polymer composites were fabricated by high shear mixing. The microstructure and the electrical properties of the carbon nanotube–polymer composites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and electrical resistance measurement. We found that the carbon nanotube composites showed high electrical conductivity (1.5 S m-1) at 7.0 wt% of carbon nanotubes, and the increase in thickness enhanced the electrical conductivity of the composites. The multifunctional properties of the carbon nanotube composites were also investigated for use in sensing the freezing temperature and also in deicing by self-heating. The results showed that the carbon nanotube–polymer composites had high temperature sensitivity in …

Safe Research Protocol, Becky Stancer

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

Joint protocol created for NIHR (9PB-PG-0815-20058) and Autistica (7239 )

The Role Of Felt Or Enacted Criticism In Parents’ Decision Making In Differing Contexts And Communities: Toward A Formal Grounded Theory, Sarah J. Neill, Imelda Coyne

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Felt or enacted criticism was identified as a significant influence on White British parents’ decision making during acute childhood illness in a substantive grounded theory “Containing acute childhood illness within family life.” These parents sought to avoid further criticism, sometimes leading to delayed consultation. Using Glaserian grounded theory principles, we conducted a secondary analysis of data from three studies, to establish the transferability and modifiability of the original theory to other settings and communities in Ireland and England. Felt or enacted criticism was found to operate across the childhood age range, social groups, and settings. Parent’s strategies to avoid criticism …