Digital Commons Network^™

Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Smart Composites For Sensing Freezing Temperature And Deicing By Self-Heating, S Jang, Y-L Park

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Carbon nanotube-reinforced polymer composites were fabricated by high shear mixing. The microstructure and the electrical properties of the carbon nanotube–polymer composites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and electrical resistance measurement. We found that the carbon nanotube composites showed high electrical conductivity (1.5 S m-1) at 7.0 wt% of carbon nanotubes, and the increase in thickness enhanced the electrical conductivity of the composites. The multifunctional properties of the carbon nanotube composites were also investigated for use in sensing the freezing temperature and also in deicing by self-heating. The results showed that the carbon nanotube–polymer composites had high temperature sensitivity in …

Safe Research Protocol, Becky Stancer

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

Joint protocol created for NIHR (9PB-PG-0815-20058) and Autistica (7239 )

The Role Of Felt Or Enacted Criticism In Parents’ Decision Making In Differing Contexts And Communities: Toward A Formal Grounded Theory, Sarah J. Neill, Imelda Coyne

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Felt or enacted criticism was identified as a significant influence on White British parents’ decision making during acute childhood illness in a substantive grounded theory “Containing acute childhood illness within family life.” These parents sought to avoid further criticism, sometimes leading to delayed consultation. Using Glaserian grounded theory principles, we conducted a secondary analysis of data from three studies, to establish the transferability and modifiability of the original theory to other settings and communities in Ireland and England. Felt or enacted criticism was found to operate across the childhood age range, social groups, and settings. Parent’s strategies to avoid criticism …

The Politics Of The Digital Single Market: Culture Vs. Competition Vs. Copyright, Simone Schroff, John Street

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper examines the implications for European music culture of the European Union’s (EU) Digital Single Market strategy. It focuses on the regulatory framework being created for the management of copyright policy, and in particular the role played by collective management organisations (CMOs or collecting societies). One of the many new opportunities created by digitalisation has been the music streaming services. These depend on consumers being able to access music wherever they are, but such a system runs counter to the management of rights on a national basis and through collecting organisations which act as monopolies within their own territories. …

Validation Of Multisource Feedback In Assessing Medical Performance: A Systematic Review, Sag Stevens, J Read, R Baines, A Chatterjee, J Archer

Peninsula Medical School

Introduction Over the past ten years, a number of systematic reviews have evaluated the validity of multisource feedback (MSF) to assess and quality assure medical practice. The purpose of this study is to synthesise the results from existing reviews to provide a holistic overview of the validity evidence. Methods This review identified eight systematic reviews evaluating the validity of MSF published between January 2006 and October 2016. Using a standardised data extraction form, two independent reviewers extracted study characteristics. A framework of validation developed by the American Psychological Association (APA) was used to appraise the validity evidence within each systematic …

Developing Digital Educational Materials For Nursing And Sustainability: The Results Of An Observational Study, Neito C Alvarez, Janet Richardson, Gema Parra-Anguita, Manuel Linares-Abad, Norma Huss, M. Luisa Grande-Gascón, Jane Grose, Maud Huynen, Isabel M. López-Medina

School of Nursing and Midwifery

No abstract provided.

Obesity And Dental Caries In Young Children In Plymouth, United Kingdom: A Spatial Analysis, Martha Paisi, Elizabeth Kay, Irene Kaimi, Robert Witton, Robert Nelder, Costas Christophi, Debra Lapthorne

School of Nursing and Midwifery

No abstract provided.

Mhealth Resources For Asthma And Pregnancy Care: Methodological Issues And Social Media Recruitment. A Discussion Paper, Graham R. Williamson, Anita O'Connor, Chervonne Chamberlain, David Halpin

School of Nursing and Midwifery

No abstract provided.

The Evaluation Of Physicians’ Communication Skills From Multiple Perspectives, Jenni Burt, Gary Abel, Marc N. Elliott, Natasha Elmore, Jennifer Newbould, Antoinette Davey, Nadia Llanwarne, Inocencio Maramba, Charlotte Paddison, John Campbell, Martin Roland

School of Nursing and Midwifery

No abstract provided.

Demonstration And Damnation: William Blake's Eternal Death Of Unbelief, Joshua Schouten De Jel

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

In Blake’s mythopoeia, as well as his personal eschatology, belief is the source of life itself; all creative acts, all visionary episodes, stem from an individual’s belief. “Eternal Death,” which is the cycle of Generation, is the result of unbelief. Francis Bacon, Isaac Newton, and John Locke were, for Blake, the triumvirate of culpable votaries for the propagation of rational reductionism which had led to the reification of “Natural Religion” in the form of Deism and Rational Dissent in England and, with the addition of Rousseau and Voltaire, of the apotheosis in France of the Cult of Reason. The French …

Hidden In Plain Sight: Species Richness And Habitat Characterisation Of Sublittoral Pebble Beds, Julian Evans, Martin J. Attrill, Joseph A. Borg, Peter A. Cotton, Patrick J. Schembri

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

Bridging The Divide: Social-Ecological Coherence In Marine Protected Area Network Design, Sian E. Rees, Simon J. Pittman, Nicola Foster, Olivia Langmead, Charly Griffiths, Steve Fletcher, David E. Johnson, Martin Attrill

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

© 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and networks of MPAs are being implemented globally as a spatial management tool for achieving conservation objectives. There has been considerable progress in reaching the prescribed 10% protected area target for 2020, outlined in the Convention on Biological Diversity Aichi Target 11 and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 14. The application of MPA network design principles (e.g. Representative, ecological connectivity), which underpin ecological coherence, is still lacking or insufficient in many regions. Poor ecological coherence hinders the ecological performance of MPA networks, leading to dysfunction in the flow …

The Effectiveness Of The Inspiring Futures Parenting Programme In Improving Behavioural And Emotional Outcomes In Primary School Children With Behavioural Or Emotional Difficulties: Study Protocol For A Randomised Controlled Trial, Nick Axford, Georgina Warner, Tim Hobbs, Sarah Heilmann, Anam Raja, Vashti Berry, Obioha C. Ukoumunne, Justin Matthews, Tim Eames, Angeliki Kallitsoglou, Sarah Blower, Tom Wilkinson, Luke Timmons, Gretchen Bjornstad

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

Turning The Tide On Trash: Empowering European Educators And School Students To Tackle Marine Litter, Bonny L. Hartley, Sabine Pahl, Matthew Holland, Iro Alampei, Joana M. Veiga, Richard C. Thompson

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Marine litter is a global environmental problem, and working with educators and school students has much potential to facilitate greater public understanding of the solutions and to enable action. This research examined two new educational activities designed to empower European educators and school students to engage with the topic of marine litter, particularly focusing on behavior and on known determinants of behavior rather than knowledge alone. In Study 1, 120 educators participated in an online training course on marine litter, and completed a pre- and post-course questionnaire to assess change. After participating in the course, educators felt significantly more skillful …

Intervention Delivery Fidelity Assessment Of A Counseling-Based Intervention For Promoting Smoking Reduction And Increasing Physical Activity, Tom P. Thompson, Jeffrey D. Lambert, Colin J. Greaves, Adrian H. Taylor

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

Guidelines For Designing Social Robots As Second Language Tutors, T Belpaeme, P Vogt, Den Berghe R Van, K Bergmann, T Göksun, Haas M De, J Kanero, J Kennedy, Ac Küntay, O Oudgenoeg-Paz, F Papadopoulos, T Schodde, J Verhagen, Cd Wallbridge, B Willemsen, Wit J De, V Geçkin, L Hoffmann, S Kopp, E Krahmer, E Mamus, J-M Montanier, C Oranç, Ak Pandey

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

In recent years, it has been suggested that social robots have potential as tutors and educators for both children and adults. While robots have been shown to be effective in teaching knowledge and skill-based topics, we wish to explore how social robots can be used to tutor a second language to young children. As language learning relies on situated, grounded and social learning, in which interaction and repeated practice are central, social robots hold promise as educational tools for supporting second language learning. This paper surveys the developmental psychology of second language learning and suggests an agenda to study how …

Personal Wellbeing Networks, Social Capital And Severe Mental Illness: Findings From An Exploratory Study, Daryl Sweet, Richard Byng, Martin Webber, Doyo Gragn Enki, Ian Porter, John Larsen, Peter Huxley, Vanessa Pinfold

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

Walking In Minimalist Shoes Is Effective For Strengthening Foot Muscles, Sarah T. Ridge, Mark T. Olsen, Dustin A. Bruening, Kevin Jurgensmeier, David Griffin, Irene S. Davis, A. Wayne Johnson

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Weakness of foot muscles may contribute to a variety of loading-related injuries. Supportive footwear may contribute to intrinsic foot muscle weakness by reducing the muscles’ role in locomotion (e.g., absorbing forces and controlling motion). Increased stimulus to the foot muscles can be provided through a variety of mechanisms, including minimalist footwear and directed exercise.

Purpose: To determine the effect of walking in minimalist footwear or performing foot strengthening exercises on foot muscle size and strength.

Methods: Fifty-seven runners were randomly assigned to one of three groups—minimalist shoe walking (MSW), foot strengthening (FS) exercise, or control (C). All groups maintained …

Impact Of The Sign Head Injury Guidelines And Nhs 4-Hour Emergency Target On Hospital Admissions For Head Injury In Scotland: An Interrupted Times Series, Carl Marincowitz, Fiona E. Lecky, Eleanor Morris, Victoria Allgar, Trevor A. Sheldon

Peninsula Medical School

ObjectivesHead injury is a common reason for emergency department (ED) attendance. Around 1% of patients have life-threatening injuries, while 80% of patients are discharged. National guidelines (Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN)) were introduced in Scotland with the aim of achieving early identification of those with acute intracranial lesions yet safely reducing hospital admissions.This study aims to assess the impact of these guidelines and any effect the national 4-hour ED performance target had on hospital admissions for head injury.SettingAll Scottish hospitals between April 1998 and March 2016.ParticipantsPatients admitted to hospital for head injury or traumatic brain injury (TBI) diagnosed by CT …

Occupant Heating Practices In Dwellings: A Methodology For Identifying Scheduled Heating Periods And Manual Override Events, Na Bruce-Konuah, Rv Jones, A Fuertes, P De Wilde

School of Art, Design and Architecture

Heating operation can be automated using a timer/programmer and thermostat, manually controlled by occupants, or both. In ten UK dwellings, both automated and manual override heating events were identified from 30 minute time series data of living room air temperature measurements. Multivariate logistic regression was used to infer a model of occupants’ manual override heating events based on indoor and outdoor environmental factors. The results showed that occupants manually override their programmed heating events and indoor temperature is the main factor influencing the override events. This study is the first model of manual override heating events developed for UK dwellings. …

Increasing Motivation And Engagement In Neurosurgery For Medical Students Through Practical Simulation-Based Learning, John Hanrahan, Michail Sideris, Parmenion P. Tsitsopoulos, Alexios Bimpis, Terouz Pasha, Peter C. Whitfield, Apostolos E. Papalois

Peninsula Medical School

Background: Simulation-based learning (SBL) is an essential adjunct to modern surgical education. Our study aimed to evaluate the educational benefit and motivational impact of a pilot practical neurosurgical module. Materials and methods: 38 clinical medical students from several EU Medical Schools attended an international surgical course focused on teaching and learning basic surgical skills. We designed a pilot neurosurgical workshop instructing students to insert an intracranial pressure bolt using an ex vivo pig model. Each delegate was assessed by two consultant neurosurgeons using a validated assessment tool. Structured questionnaires were distributed on completion of the module. Results: Delegate performance increased …

Evaluation Of Heavy- And Medium-Duty On-Road Vehicle Emissions In California's South Coast Air Basin, Molly J. Haugen, Gary A. Bishop, Arvind Thiruvengadam, Daniel K. Carder

Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications

Emission measurements were collected from heavy-duty (HDVs) and medium-duty vehicles (MDVs) at the Peralta weigh station long-term measurement site near Anaheim, CA in 2017. Two Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test units sampled elevated and ground-level exhaust vehicles totaling 2,315 measurements. HDVs (1844 measurements) exhibited historical reductions in fuel specific oxides of nitrogen (NO_x) from the 2008 measurements (55%) with increased use of exhaust gas recirculation and selective catalytic reduction systems. However, as these technologies have aged, the in-use benefits have declined. Infrared %opacity measurements of tailpipe soot decreased 14% since 2012 with increased diesel particulate filter (DPF) use, DPF …

Assessing Alexithymia: Psychometric Properties And Factorial Invariance Of The 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale In Nonclinical And Psychiatric Samples, David Preece, Rodrigo Becerra, Ken Robinson, Justine Dandy

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) is a self-report questionnaire designed to measure the three components of alexithymia; difficulty identifying feelings in the self (DIF), difficulty describing feelings (DDF), and externally orientated thinking (EOT). We examined the scale’s psychometric properties in Australian nonclinical (N = 428) and psychiatric (N = 156) samples. In terms of factorial validity, confirmatory factor analyses found the traditional 3-factor correlated model (DIF, DDF, EOT) to be the best and most parsimonious solution, but it did not reach adequate levels of goodness-of-fit in either sample. Several EOT items loaded poorly on their intended factor, …

The Effects Of Enactment On Communicative Competence In Aphasic Casual Conversation: A Functional Linguistic Perspective, Rimke Groenewold, Elizabeth Armstrong

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Previous research has shown that speakers with aphasia rely on enactment more often than non-brain-damaged language users. Several studies have been conducted to explain this observed increase, demonstrating that spoken language containing enactment is easier to produce and is more engaging to the conversation partner. This paper describes the effects of the occurrence of enactment in casual conversation involving individuals with aphasia on its level of conversational assertiveness. Aims: To evaluate whether and to what extent the occurrence of enactment in speech of individuals with aphasia contributes to its conversational assertiveness. Methods & Procedures: Conversations between a speaker with …

The Story Of Ever Diminishing Vehicle Tailpipe Emissions As Observed In The Chicago, Il Area, Gary A. Bishop, Molly J. Haugen

Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications

The University of Denver has collected on-road fuel specific vehicle emissions measurements in the Chicago area since 1989. This nearly 30 year record illustrates the large reductions in light-duty vehicle tailpipe emissions and the remarkable improvements in emissions control durability to maintain low emissions over increasing periods of time. Since 1989 fuel specific carbon monoxide (CO) emissions have been reduced by an order of magnitude and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions by more than a factor of 20. Nitric oxide (NO) emissions have only been collected since 1997 but have seen reductions of 79%. This has increased the skewness of the emissions …

Revisit Lynwood, Ca: On-Road Remote Sensing Of Automobile Emissions In The Lynwood, Ca: 2018, Gary A. Bishop

Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Emissions Benefits Of Federal Reformulated Gasoline Versus Conventional Gasoline, Gary A. Bishop, S. Kent Hoekman, Amber Broch

Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications

No abstract provided.

Bayesian Operational Modal Analysis Of Offshore Rock Lighthouses For Shm, Jmw Brownjohn, Sk Au, X Wang, Z Zhu, A Raby, A Antonini

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

During 2016 and 2017 a program of field vibration measurements was made on a set of Victorian era granite lighthouse towers around the British Isles. The field tests were designed for structural identification to enable condition assessment and identification of extreme wave loads through long term monitoring. The primary test method was forced vibration, and ambient vibration measurements was used as a backup. The best operational modal analysis (OMA) results were obtained using Bayesian OMA, which provide a clear picture of the directionality of the mode shapes which appeared at very close frequencies due to the symmetry of the towers. …

Automated Identification Of Digital Evidence Across Heterogeneous Data Resources, Hussam J Mohammed

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Digital forensics has become an increasingly important tool in the fight against cyber and computer-assisted crime. However, with an increasing range of technologies at people’s disposal, investigators find themselves having to process and analyse many systems with large volumes of data (e.g., PCs, laptops, tablets, and smartphones) within a single case. Unfortunately, current digital forensic tools operate in an isolated manner, investigating systems and applications individually. The heterogeneity and volume of evidence place time constraints and a significant burden on investigators. Examples of heterogeneity include applications such as messaging (e.g., iMessenger, Viber, Snapchat, and WhatsApp), web browsers (e.g., Firefox and …

The Curious Death - And Life - Of British Transport Policy, Iain Docherty, Jon Shaw, Greg Marsden, Jillian Anable

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.