Reflective Approaches In Medical Education. Implications On Medical Imaging., Raja Farahhana Raja Azhar, Haji Mohamed Nadzri Mohd Yusoff, Zainul Ibrahim Zainuddin Dr.

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Abstract

Purpose: This paper reviewed literature regarding the utility and direction of reflective approaches in Medical imaging education.

Methods: The Scopus database was accessed. The word “Reflective” was used as the main search term to look for the relevant literature. The inclusion criteria used in this study comprised of those papers published in English between the years 2006 to 2016, indexed in Scopus database, and limited to those discussing the topic on reflective approaches in medical education. Published papers that have the main search terms in the articles’ title only were tabulated. The data were then filtered using …

Improvements In Research Orientation And Reductions In Barriers To Research Utilization Among Undergraduate Students In Health Sciences, Andrew A. Peachey, Stephanie Baller, Carolyn Schubert

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Developing research skills while improving research orientation among undergraduate students may increase evidence-based practice later in their professional careers.

Method: Undergraduate Health Science students (n=241) participated in a pretest-posttest design to determine the impact of a course that includes team-based, student initiated research projects completed within one semester. Modified versions of the Edmonton Research Orientation Survey (EROS) and the Barriers to Research Utilization Scale (BARRIERS) were completed at the beginning and end of the semesters.

Results: Students reported gains in six research skills and improvements in two of the Edmonton Research Orientation Survey subscales: involvement in research and evidence-based …

Utilizing Standardized Patient Feedback To Facilitate Professional Behavior In Physical Therapist Students: A Pilot Study, Mary Anne Riopel, Bini Litwin, Nicki Silberman, Alicia Fernandez-Fernandez

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Physical therapist (PT) students receive feedback on professional behavior performance from academic and clinical faculty members. Literature is lacking on the impact that verbal feedback from standardized patients (SPs) may have on physical therapist student learning of professional behaviors. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the use of standardized patients’ feedback as a strategy for professional behavior development. Methods: A sample of convenience identified 13 doctoral physical therapist students prior to initiation of their first full-time clinical experience. Subjects were excluded if they had prior experiences with standardized patients or had completed a full-time clinical experience. …

Effect Of Experience Facilitating Problem-Based Learning (Pbl) On Physician Assistant Student Outcomes, Susan Hawkins, Anthony Goreczny, Nicole E. Brown

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Abstract

Purpose: The impact of prior problem-based learning (PBL) facilitation experience (measured by length of time facilitating) on student learning and student outcomes is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate relationships of facilitator experience in problem-based learning on student outcomes. This study utilized both modified essay questions (MEQ) in the form of patient management assessments and multiple choice question (MCQ) assessments to evaluate different aspects of student acquisition and application of knowledge. Method: This study examined scores from six multiple choice question examinations and six patient management assessments (PMA), one each from six 5-week units …

Characteristics Of Effective Teaching In Physician Assistant Programs From The Students' Perspective, Jennifer Forbes, Talia Sierra, Jane Trapp, Thomas Parish

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: This qualitative study aims to identify the characteristics physician assistant (PA) students find most important for effective teaching by faculty in physician assistant programs. With this information, physician assistant faculty can enhance their teaching effectiveness in the classroom and optimize the environment for student learning. Faculty may also use the data obtained from this study to increase the likelihood of their retention or promotion as student input regarding teaching effectiveness is frequently one of the variables used in faculty evaluations.

Methods: Physician assistant students from three physician assistant programs were emailed a survey that asked for their response to …

Telerehabilitation Versus Standard Care For Improving Cognitive Function And Quality Of Life For Adults With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review, Samantha Betts, Lana Feichter, Zoe Kleinig, Alice O'Connell-Debais, Henry Thai, Carmen Wong, Saravana Kumar

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

ABSTRACT

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most significant cause of death and severe disability following major trauma within Australia. Populations at risk include young adults aged 15 to 34, older adults, and military personnel. The main form of intervention following traumatic brain injury is rehabilitation, which places a large demand on the healthcare system. Telerehabilitation involves interventions delivered via telecommunication, which can improve accessibility and reduce this burden. There have been no systematic reviews conducted on the effectiveness of telerehabilitation in treating traumatic brain injury.

Purpose: To examine the effectiveness of telerehabilitation for adults with traumatic brain injury.

Methods: …

Education On Fall Prevention To Improve Self-Efficacy Of Nursing Staff In Long Term Care: A Pilot Study, Mark D. Leverenz, Jennifer Lape

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Fall prevention is an ongoing concern in long-term care. Self-efficacy of nursing staff affects their performance levels related to fall prevention. Research concerning falls in the elderly is plentiful but there are no published studies addressing self-efficacy of nursing staff for implementation of fall prevention strategies in long-term care. The authors hypothesize that fall prevention education by an occupational therapist would be effective to improve the self-efficacy of nursing staff for implementation of fall prevention strategies and self-efficacy to prevent resident falls.

Method: A pre-test post-test pilot study implementing a five-week, multifaceted, fall prevention education course was conducted by …

Mentoring Processes In Higher Education: Perspectives Of Junior Athletic Training Faculty Members, Sara Nottingham, Stephanie M. Mazerolle

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Mentorship is a valuable mechanism of socializing faculty members to higher education, but understanding of how mentoring relationships develop is limited. The purpose of this study was to seek a more complete understanding of how mentoring relationships develop for junior faculty members, and how these effective mentoring relationships can be fostered. Method: A qualitative, phenomenological design was used to examine junior athletic training faculty members’ experiences with mentoring. Twenty athletic training faculty members: 14 women, 6 men, 32±3 years of age and averaged 2.4±2.1 years as a full-time faculty member in an accredited athletic training program participated in this …

Exploring Clinical Educator And Student Perspectives On The Implementation Of The Calderdale Framework As A Model Of Occupational Therapy Clinical Education In Australia: A Pilot Study, Linda J. Furness, Anna Tynan, Alison C. Pighills

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: This paper describes the exploration of clinical educator and student perspectives on the implementation of the Calderdale Framework (CF) as a model for pre-entry occupational therapy clinical placement. Setting: The study was undertaken within a regional health service in Queensland, Australia. The orthopaedic inpatient ward at the regional hospital and mixed inpatient and outpatient community based caseloads in rural hospitals were the focus of this study. Methods: The Calderdale Framework is a seven stage process which involves: engaging staff with the framework; identifying which clinical tasks are carried out within the service; analysing which tasks can be allocated …

Practice Of And Barriers To Prevention By Secondary School Athletic Trainers, Caroline C. Guindon, Zachary K. Winkelmann, Lindsey E. Eberman, Kenneth E. Games

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Prevention is a key aspect of care from athletic trainers. There is limited research on the practice strategies employed to prevent injury by secondary school athletic trainers (SSATs). The purpose of this study was to describe the prevention practice strategies and barriers faced by secondary school athletic trainers. Methods: Athletic trainers (n=3010) were recruited from secondary schools through e-mails provided by the national professional organization database. Secondary school athletic trainers were surveyed on their self-reported prevention practices and barriers using a web-based survey platform. Respondents were 28±3 years, predominantly female (n=260/359, 72.4%), with about 5 years (±2yrs) of …

Food Allergy In Youth: A Primer For Allied Health Professionals, Philip Welch, Lauren Maziarz, Macy Mccartney, Chelsea Raker

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Many youth struggle with the physical, mental, and social burdens of food allergy. The exact cause of food allergies is unknown, but several theories exist such as the “couch potato theory”, “hygiene hypothesis”, “microflora theory”, and “alarmins” theory. This non-systematic literature review summarizes the problem of youth food allergy and provides guidance to allied health professionals.

Method: A literature search of the relevant literature from years 2000 through 2017 was conducted using PubMed with the key words “food allergy”, “youth”, and “management”.

Results: Youth with food allergy may experience anxiety, social isolation, bullying, and depression, in addition to life-threatening …

Pre-Operative Education For Total Knee Replacement: A Pilot Survey, Renee Causey-Upton, Dana M. Howell, Patrick H. Kitzman, Melba Custer, Emily V. Dressler

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The structure of pre-operative education programs used nationally for patients prior to total knee replacement (TKR) surgery has not been identified previously, thus hospitals across the United States lack a common standard for this pre-operative education to ensure best patient outcomes. The purpose of this pilot survey study was to describe the content, providers, and delivery methods currently utilized to deliver pre-operative education for total knee replacement in the United States.

Method: Data were collected using an online survey developed by the authors based on review of literature and three pre-operative programs, and was distributed through the Research Electronic …

Development And Validation Of Phonetically Balanced Speech Perception Test In Urdu Language, Hina Noor, Manzoor H. Arif

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The tool of speech or language assessment is required to be linguistically and culturally appropriate for the individual being tested. Testing in native language is essential if an audiologist or speech and language therapist wants to test the speech perception capacities of an individual and to use the data for further planning and monitoring of the therapeutic efforts. Numerous speech perception tests are available in different international and regional languages. But in Urdu language, no such tool is available to the clinicians to check the speech perception abilities of hearing impaired individuals. Therefore, this study was designed to: (1) …

The Public's Perceptions Of A Cafe Within The Social And Physical Context Of A Residential Aged Care Facility, Alexa M. Andrew

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Background: The publics’ perceptions of aged care residential facilities (ACRF’s) are generally derogatory in nature; with terms such as the ‘end of the road’ or ‘the last resort’ being used to describe them. The institutional design and nature of the traditional ‘nursing home’ has contributed to such a perception. However, more contemporary models of residential aged care facilities are encompassing design features which aim to enhance the physical and social environment and therefore the lives of the older people residing within them.

Purpose: This research reports on the inclusion of a café in the foyer of an aged care residential …

A Culturally Tailored Intervention System For Cancer Survivors To Motivate Physical Activity, Golam Mushih Tanimul Ahsan, Jannatul F. Tumpa, Riddhiman Adib, Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed, Daniel Petereit, Linda Burhansstipanov, Linda U. Krebs, Mark Dignan

Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

It is necessary for a cancer survivor to have good health behavior. Essential exercise and proper diet are helpful to decrease the risk of recurrence of the disease and the development of a new cancer type. People from low socioeconomic status are more likely to participate in risky health behaviors and have a higher chance of recurrence of cancer. It is important to have a motivational system for cancer survivors that motivates them to perform regular physical activities. In this article, we discuss the development of an mHealth system, which aims to increase physical activity in Native American populations with …

Silenced Voices: Understanding Sexual Harassment On Anonymous Social Media Among Bangladeshi People, Fayika Farhat Nova, Rashidujjaman Rifat, Pratyasha Saha, Syed Ishtiaque, Shion Guha

Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

This paper presents the findings on the use of Anonymous Social Media (ASM) in Bangladesh based on an anonymous online survey of 291 participants and semi-structured interviews with 27 participants. Our study shows a wide prevalence of sexual harassment on anonymous social networks in Bangladesh, the relationship between a closely-knitted communal culture and anonymous harassment, and the lack of infrastructural support for the victims. These findings advocate for a safe and supportive online environment for its users, especially for women who are the primary victims of profanity or defamation in Bangladesh.

Mpi-Vector-Io: Parallel I/O And Partitioning For Geospatial Vector Data, Satish Puri, Anmol Paudel, Sushil K. Prasad

Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

In recent times, geospatial datasets are growing in terms of size, complexity and heterogeneity. High performance systems are needed to analyze such data to produce actionable insights in an efficient manner. For polygonal a.k.a vector datasets, operations such as I/O, data partitioning, communication, and load balancing becomes challenging in a cluster environment. In this work, we present MPI-Vector-IO ¹ , a parallel I/O library that we have designed using MPI-IO specifically for partitioning and reading irregular vector data formats such as Well Known Text. It makes MPI aware of spatial data, spatial primitives and provides support for spatial data …

Therapist Self-Disclosure And Immediacy: A Qualitative Meta-Analysis, Clara E. Hill, Sarah Knox, Kristen Pinto-Coelho

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

We review definitions and provide case examples of therapist self-disclosure (TSD) and immediacy (Im). We then present a qualitative meta-analysis of 21 studies that examined the subsequent process following TSD and Im in psychotherapy (excluding analogue and correlational studies). Across the 21 studies, the most frequent subsequent processes were enhanced therapy relationship, improved client mental health functioning, gains in insight, and overall helpfulness, suggesting that most often TSD and Im were followed by positive and beneficial therapeutic processes. In additional analyses, TSD was associated more often with improved mental health functioning, overall helpfulness, and enhanced therapy relationships, whereas Im was …

Aggressive Policing And The Educational Performance Of Minority Youth, Joscha Legewie, Jeffrey A. Fagan

Faculty Scholarship

An increasing number of minority youth are confronted with the criminal justice system. But how does the expansion of police presence in poor urban communities affect educational outcomes? Previous research points at multiple mechanisms with opposing effects. This article presents the first causal evidence of the impact of aggressive policing on the educational performance of minority youth. Under Operation Impact, the New York Police Department (NYPD) saturated high crime areas with additional police officers with the mission to engage in aggressive, order maintenance policing. To estimate the effect, we use administrative data from about 250,000 adolescents aged 9 to 15 …

Bearing Faith: The Limits Of Catholic Health Care For Women Of Color, Kira Shepherd, Elizabeth Reiner Platt, Katherine M. Franke, Elizabeth Boylan

Faculty Scholarship

This study finds that in nineteen out of the thirty-four states/territories that we studied, women of color are more likely than white women to give birth at hospitals bound by the ERDs. Women of color’s disproportionate reliance on Catholic hospitals in these states increases their exposure to restrictions that place religious ideology over best medical practices.

To determine whether women of color disproportionately give birth at hospitals operating under the ERDs, we compared the percentage of births to women of color at Catholic and non-Catholic hospitals. In over half of the states we studied (19 out of 33 states plus …

The Case Against Passive Shareholder Voting, Dorothy S. Lund

Faculty Scholarship

American investors have begun to embrace the reality that academics have been championing for decades — that a broad-based, passive indexing strategy is superior to picking individual stocks or investing in actively managed funds. But there are several reasons to believe that the rise of passive investing will have harmful consequences for firm governance, shareholders, and the economy. First, because passive funds seek only to match the performance of an index — not outperform it — they lack a financial incentive to ensure that each of the companies in their very large portfolios are well-run. Second, passive funds face an …

The Jus Ad Bellum'S Regulatory Form, Monica Hakimi

Faculty Scholarship

This article argues that a form of legal regulation is embodied in decisions at the UN Security Council that condone but do not formally authorize specific military operations. Such decisions sometimes inflect or go beyond what the jus ad bellum permits through its general standards — that is, under the prohibition of cross-border force and small handful of exceptions. Recognizing that this form of regulation is both part of the law and different in kind from regulation through the general standards should change how we think about the jus ad bellum.

The Search For An Egalitarian First Amendment, Jeremy K. Kessler, David E. Pozen

Faculty Scholarship

Over the past decade, the Roberts Court has handed down a series of rulings that demonstrate the degree to which the First Amendment can be used to thwart economic and social welfare regulation – generating widespread accusations that the Court has created a "new Lochner." This introduction to the Columbia Law Review's Symposium on Free Expression in an Age of Inequality takes up three questions raised by these developments: Why has First Amendment law become such a prominent site for struggles over socioeconomic inequality? Does the First Amendment tradition contain egalitarian elements that could be recovered? And what might a …

Introduction: Troubling Transparency, David E. Pozen, Michael Schudson

Faculty Scholarship

Transparency is a value in the ascendance. Across the globe, the past several decades have witnessed a spectacular explosion of legislative reforms and judicial decisions calling for greater disclosure about the workings of public institutions. Freedom of information laws have proliferated, claims of a constitutional or supra-constitutional "right to know" have become commonplace, and an international transparency lobby has emerged as a civil society powerhouse. Open government is seen today in many quarters as a foundation of, if not synonymous with, good government.

At the same time, a growing number of scholars, advocates, and regulators have begun to raise hard …

Naked Open Market Manipulation And Its Effects, Merritt B. Fox, Lawrence R. Glosten, Gabriel Rauterberg

Faculty Scholarship

More than 80 years after US federal law first addressed stock market manipulation, there is still dispute about manipulation law’s foundational principles; this chapter aims to provide clarity by offering an analytical framework for understanding a specific manipulation. There has been a sharp split among the federal circuits concerning manipulation law’s central question: Can trading activity alone ever be considered illegal manipulation? Economists and legal scholars do not agree on whether manipulation is possible in principle, let alone on how to address it properly in practice. The framework offered by this chapter aims to help clarify federal law and may …

Mutual Tolerance And Sensible Exemptions, Kent Greenawalt

Faculty Scholarship

This chapter focuses on three general themes that bear on the need to understand one another in society and how that understanding bears on appropriate exemptions relating to abortions and same-sex marriage, two questions that continue to divide the American people.

First, there is a need for mutual tolerance toward others who see things differently. Second, a great deal in life is not subject to rational answers. Third, people should generally not be required to do directly what they believe is deeply wrong. However, society can work only if people do not refuse to help those who, they believe, have …

Righting Research Wrongs: An Empirical Study Of How U.S. Institutions Resolve Grievances Involving Human Subjects, Kristen Underhill

Faculty Scholarship

Tens of millions of people enroll in research studies in the United States every year, making human subjects research a multi-billion-dollar industry in the U.S. alone. Research carries risks: although many harms are inevitable, some also arise from errors or mistreatment by researchers, and the history of research ethics is in many ways a history of scandal. Despite regulatory efforts to remedy these abuses, injured subjects nonetheless have little recourse to U.S. courts. In the absence of tort remedies for research-related injuries, the only venue for resolving such disputes is through alternative dispute resolution (ADR) – or more commonly, internal …

The Lopsided Harms Of Reproductive Negligence, Carol Sanger

Faculty Scholarship

The concept of reproductive negligence is probably not unfamiliar to men and women of child-bearing or child-begetting age. Many a restless hour has been spent worrying about the consequences of a skipped pill, an abandoned condom, or some other form of contraceptive carelessness. The general rule in such circumstances is that the injured party has no recourse in tort against a sexual partner whose negligence resulted, say, in a pregnancy. (Interestingly, liability may arise as the result of the negligent transmission of herpes.) To be sure, not all reproductive misconduct is negligent; some is intentional, as when a sexual partner …

Regional And Residential Short Term Electric Demand Forecast Using Deep Learning, Tareq Hossen

Theses and Dissertations

For optimal power system operations, electric generation must follow load demand. The generation, transmission, and distribution utilities require load forecasting for planning and operating grid infrastructure efficiently, securely, and economically. This thesis work focuses on short-term load forecast (STLF), that concentrates on the time-interval from few hours to few days. An inaccurate short-term load forecast can result in higher cost of generating and delivering power. Hence, accurate short-term load forecasting is essential. Traditionally, short-term load forecasting of electrical demand is typically performed using linear regression, autoregressive integrated moving average models (ARIMA), and artificial neural networks (ANN). These conventional methods are …

Women Engineering Majors' Choice To Stay: A Phenomenological Exploration Of Persistence Experiences, Victoria Morrissette

Theses and Dissertations

The historical underrepresentation of women in engineering persists for women engineering majors in college and once they enter the workforce. While some engineering disciplines have seen an increase in women students, overall the numbers still have fallen well behind other STEM disciplines despite years of research. Most studies on this issue have been quantitative and have looked at factors associated with why women leave engineering. This qualitative study, in contrast, gave women engineering majors the opportunity to share their experiences in answer to the question of why women choose to stay in an engineering major. Phenomenological methods, including semi-structured interviews, …