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Newsroom, Georgia Southern University

Newsroom (2006-2023)

• Armstrong state University Professor Kurt Knoerl featured speaker at R.Frank Saunders, Jr. Fall History Lecture
• Department of Biology researchers bring fish hatchery back to life
• National Youth-at-Risk West conference set for Oct. 26-28 in San Antonio

Mindfulness And Acceptance-Based Trainings For Fostering Self-Care And Reducing Stress In Mental Health Professionals: A Systematic Review, Myriam Rudaz, Michael P. Twohig, Clarissa W. Ong, Michael E. Levin

Psychology Faculty Publications

This review summarizes the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), Mindful Self-Compassion (MSC), and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) to foster self-care and reduce stress in mental health professionals. Twenty-four quantitative articles from PsycInfo and PubMed were identified that focused on mindfulness, self-compassion, psychological flexibility, stress, burnout, or psychological well-being. All MBSR and MBCT studies lacked active control conditions, but some of the ACT studies and one MSC study included an active control. Most studies support evidence that all training programs tend to improve mindfulness and some also self-compassion. In addition, psychological flexibility was measured in …

A Latent Propriospinal Network Can Restore Diaphragm Function After High Cervical Spinal Cord Injury, Jared M. Cregg, Kevin A. Chu, Lydia E. Hager, Rachel S. J. Maggard, Daimen R. Stoltz, Michaela Edmond, Warren J. Alilain, Polyxeni Philippidou, Lynn T. Landmesser, Jerry Silver

Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center Faculty Publications

Spinal cord injury (SCI) above cervical level 4 disrupts descending axons from the medulla that innervate phrenic motor neurons, causing permanent paralysis of the diaphragm. Using an ex vivo preparation in neonatal mice, we have identified an excitatory spinal network that can direct phrenic motor bursting in the absence of medullary input. After complete cervical SCI, blockade of fast inhibitory synaptic transmission caused spontaneous, bilaterally coordinated phrenic bursting. Here, spinal cord glutamatergic neurons were both sufficient and necessary for the induction of phrenic bursts. Direct stimulation of phrenic motor neurons was insufficient to evoke burst activity. Transection and pharmacological manipulations …

Ketchikan Cup O' News 2017-10, Marianne Ledford

Ketchikan Cup O' News

No abstract provided.

Ketchikan Cup O'News 2017-10, Marianne Ledford

Ketchikan Cup O' News

No abstract provided.

Capturing Species-Level Drought Responses In A Temperate Deciduous Forest Using Ratios Of Photochemical Reflectance Indices Between Sunlit And Shaded Canopies, Taehee Hwang, Hamed Gholizadeh, Daniel A. Sims, Kimberly A. Novick, Edward R. Brzostek, Richard P. Phillips, Daniel T. Roman, Scott M. Robeson, Abdullah F. Rahman

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Highlights

• We examine capability of spectral indices to capture isohydric/anisohydric behavior.

• We used both in-situ spectral measurements and multi-angle MODIS images.

• Only PRI could capture species-level drought responses.

• This study presents a step forward to directly mapping emergent isohydricity.

Abstract

To classify trees along a spectrum of isohydric to anisohydric behavior is a promising new framework for identifying tree species' sensitivities to drought stress, directly related to the vulnerability of carbon uptake of terrestrial ecosystems with increased hydroclimate variability. Trees with isohydric strategies regulate stomatal conductance to maintain stationary leaf water potential, while trees with anisohydric strategies allow leaf …

Nanoparticle Delivery Of Mir-34a Eradicates Long-Term-Cultured Breast Cancer Stem Cells Via Targeting C22orf28 Directly, Xiaoti Lin, Weiyu Chen, Fengqin Wei, Binhua P. Zhou, Mien-Chie Hung, Xiaoming Xie

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Rationale: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been implicated as the seeds of therapeutic resistance and metastasis, due to their unique abilities of self-renew, wide differentiation potentials and resistance to most conventional therapies. It is a proactive strategy for cancer therapy to eradicate CSCs. Methods: Tumor tissue-derived breast CSCs (BCSC), including XM322 and XM607, were isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS); while cell line-derived BCSC, including MDA-MB-231.SC and MCF-7.SC, were purified by magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS). Analyses of microRNA and mRNA expression array profiles were performed in multiple breast cell lines. The mentioned nanoparticles were constructed following the standard molecular cloning …

Cosm Biology News, Georgia Southern University

Biology: News & Publications (2012-2017)

• Department of Biology researchers bring fish hatchery back to life

Substantial Contribution Of Genetic Variation In The Expression Of Transcription Factors To Phenotypic Variation Revealed By Erd-Gwas, Hung-Ying Lin, Qiang Liu, Xiao Li, Jinliang Yang, Sanzhen Liu, Yinlian Huang, Michael J. Scanlon, Dan Nettleton, Patrick S. Schnable

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Background: There are significant limitations in existing methods for the genome-wide identification of genes whose expression patterns affect traits.

Results: The transcriptomes of five tissues from 27 genetically diverse maize inbred lines were deeply sequenced to identify genes exhibiting high and low levels of expression variation across tissues or genotypes. Transcription factors are enriched among genes with the most variation in expression across tissues, as well as among genes with higher-than-median levels of variation in expression across genotypes. In contrast, transcription factors are depleted among genes whose expression is either highly stable or highly variable across genotypes. We developed a …

Sex Differential In 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase Levels In The Lumen Of Human Intracranial Aneurysms., Nohra Chalouhi, Pascal Jabbour, Mario Zanaty, Robert M. Starke, James Torner, Daichi Nakagawa, David M. Hasan

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Aspirin is a promising medical therapy for the prevention of intracranial aneurysm (IA) rupture. Recently, we found that men have a better response to aspirin than women. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a sex differential exists in the level of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) in the lumen of human IAs.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Consecutive patients undergoing coiling or stent-assisted coiling for a saccular IA at our institution were enrolled. Two samples (A and B) were collected from IA lumens, and the plasma level of 15-PGDH was measured using an ELISA-based method. The study included 38 patients, …

The Role Of B Cell Targeting In Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease., Ruben Rhoades, Md, Sameh Gaballa, Md

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a leading cause of late morbidity and mortality following allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Current therapies, including corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors, are only effective in roughly 50% of cases; therefore, new treatment strategies are under investigation. What was previously felt to be a T cell disease has more recently been shown to involve activation of both T and B cells, as well as a number of cytokines. With a better understanding of its pathophysiology have come more expansive preclinical and clinical trials, many focused on B cell signaling. This report briefly reviews our current understanding of …

Protecting Cows In Small Holder Farms In East Africa From Tsetse Flies By Mimicking The Odor Profile Of A Non-Host Bovid, Rajinder K. Saini, Benedict O. Orindi, Norber Mbahin, John A. Andoke, Peter N. Muasa, David M. Mbuvi, Caroline M. Muya, John A. Pickett, Christian W. Borgemeister

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Background: For the first time, differential attraction of pathogen vectors to vertebrate animals is investigated for novel repellents which when applied to preferred host animals turn them into non-hosts thereby providing a new paradigm for innovative vector control. For effectively controlling tsetse flies (Glossina spp.), vectors of African trypanosomosis, causing nagana, repellents more powerful than plant derived, from a non-host animal the waterbuck, Kobus ellipsiprymnus defassa, have recently been identified. Here we investigate these repellents in the field to protect cattle from nagana by making cattle as unattractive as the buck. Methodology/Principal findings: To dispense the waterbuck repellents comprising guaiacol, …

Survival And Food Detection By First-Instar Melanoplus Femurrubrum (Orthoptera: Acrididae), R. G. Bland

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Newly hatched Melanoplus femurrubrum (DeGeer) were evaluated for survival without food under various moisture, temperature, and light conditions. Although nymphs survived up to 113 h without food, they required food 48-W h after hatching to ensure continued survival and growth. Olfactory food detection was very limited and feeding tended to occur on the first suitable food encountered. Food covered with a ftlm of water and held within several millimetres of the palpi evoked palpal vibrations followed by antennal movements. The evidence suggests that hygroreceptors occur on the pa\pi and pa\pa\ stimulation is necessary before antennal olfaction occurs.

Comparative Behavior Of Pyrellia Cyanicolor (Diptera: Muscidae) On The Moss Splachnum Ampullaceum And On Substrates Of Nutritional Value, David B. Troilo, Randall G. Cameron

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

Entomophily is commonly associated with flowering plants and their pollen vectors, but also occurs in other groups of plants. Among fungi, several genera of Phallaceae offer food rewards to calliphorid and muscid flies, which inadvertently disperse the fungal spores (Ingold 1964). Bryhn (1897) first noted a relationship between various species ofDiptera and members of the moss family Splachnaceae. The nature of this interaction has been the subject of much speculation (Bequaert 1921, Erlanson 1935, Crum et aI. 1972, Koponen and Koponen 1977), but no experimental evidence has been collected.

Correct Identity Of The Oak Twig Pruner (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), D. C. L. Gosling

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

The oak twig pruner is a cerambycid of minor economic importance which is generally common through most of eastern North America. The adult beetles oviposit on living twigs of oak and other hardwoods, and the larvae bore within the twig, subsequently pruning it from the tree. Haldeman (1847) identified this borer as Elaphidion villosus (Fabricius), a species later placed in the genus Elaphidionoides by Linsley (1963). This identification has been accepted and followed by Baker (1972), Craighead (1923, 1950), Duffy (1960), Knull (1946). Linsley (1963), and many other authors.

Field Release Of Virus-Sprayed Adult Parasitoids Of The European Pine Sawfly (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) In Wisconsin, M. A. Mohamed, H. C. Coppel, D. J. Hall, J. D. Podgwaite

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Rapid field release of adult parasitoids sprayed with the nucleopolyhedrosis virus of the European pine sawfly successfully transferred the virus to feeding larval colonies.

True And False Foodplants Of Callosamia Promethea (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) In Southern Michigan, W. H. Wagner Jr., Michael K. Hansen, Michael R. Mayfield

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A survey in 1980 of the associations of over 400 cocoons of Callosamia promethea Drury in vegetation along and adjacent to southern Michigan roadsides gave evidence for seven species of true larval foodplants (not including two others known in the area from other studies) and 17 species of false foodplants, the latter determined by the (1) rarity of their association with cocoons, (2) only one or two cocoons per plant, and (3) their proximity to a well known true foodplant. Three species, sassafras, black cherry, and buttonbush, are evidently the most important true foodplants in this area. Comparisons are made …

Resource Partitioning By Two Species Of Stream Mayflies (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae), William O. Lamp, N. Wilson Britt

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We compared the phenology of nymph development, food type, and habitat selection of two stream mayflies, Stenacron interpunctatum (Say) and Stenonema pulchellum (Walsh) in Big Darby Creek, Ohio. Both species, which grow principally from autumn through early spring, emerged from the stream throughout the summer. The nymphs consumed the same sizes and types of food particles from deposits on stones, mostly in the form of detritus. As a result of morphological and behavioral adaptations, S. pulchellum lived on stones in swift water whereas S. interpunctatum lived on stones in a slower current.

Development Of Orius Insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) In Relation To Temperature, P. C. Kingsley, B. J. Harrington

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A developmental threshold of lO.3°C and a thermal constant of 307 day-degrees C were estimated for a Wisconsin population of Orius insidiosus (Say) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) by rearing eggs and nymphs at various constant temperatures.

Seasonal Flight Patterns Of Hemiptera In A North Carolina Black Walnut Plantation. 6. Tingidae And Aradidae, J. E. Mcpherson, B. C. Weber

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The seasonal flight patterns of II species of Tingidae and six species of Aradidae collected in window traps in a North Carolina black walnut plantation are described. Flying height distributions and seasonal flight activities of Corythucha ciliata (Say) and Gargaphia solani Heidemann are considered in detail.

Seasonal Flight Patterns Of Hemiptera In A North Carolina Black Walnut Plantation. 5. Lygaeoidea, J. E. Mcpherson, B. C. Weber

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The seasonal flight patterns of 31 species of Lygaeoidea collected in window traps in a North Carolina black walnut plantation are described. Flying height distributions and seasonal flight activities of Antillocoris pilosulus (Stlh), Crophius disconotus (Say) and Geocoris punctipes (Say) are considered in detail.

The First Record Of Phrictopyga Occidentalis In The United States (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea: Delphacidae), Stephen W. Wilson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Phrictopyga occidentalis (Muir) has been reported from Puerto Rico, Mexico, and Ecuador (Caldwell and Martorell, J. Agric. Univ. P. R. 34:133-269, 1950).

An Investigation On The Larval Habitat Of Five Species Of Tree-Hole Breeding Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae), Lee Mitchell, C. Lee Rockett

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A two-year study on the larval habitat of five species of tree-hole breeding mosquitoes was conducted in the vicinity of Bowling Green, Wood County, Ohio. Ninety-eight tree holes containing mosquito larvae were studied. Larval collections (27,741 specimens) were comprised of Aedes rriseriarus (90.8%), Orrhopodomyia signifera (3.3%), Aedes hendersoni (3.2%), Anopheles barberi (2.7%) and Orrhopodomyia alba (< 0.1%). Chemical parameters (BOD, tannin-lignin, pH, and conductivity) of different tree holes were evaluated. Although different tree-hole species were commonly found in association with one another at breeding sites, ecological differences between species were found in spatial, trophic, and temporal niche dimensions.