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2017

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Changing Measurements Or Changing Movements? Sampling Scale And Movement Model Identifiability Across Generations Of Biologging Technology, Leah R. Johnson, Philipp H. Boersch-Supan, Richard A. Phillips, Sadie J. Ryan Jan 2017

Changing Measurements Or Changing Movements? Sampling Scale And Movement Model Identifiability Across Generations Of Biologging Technology, Leah R. Johnson, Philipp H. Boersch-Supan, Richard A. Phillips, Sadie J. Ryan

Integrative Biology Faculty and Staff Publications

Animal movement patterns contribute to our understanding of variation in breeding success and survival of individuals, and the implications for population dynamics. Over time, sensor technology for measuring movement patterns has improved. Although older technologies may be rendered obsolete, the existing data are still valuable, especially if new and old data can be compared to test whether a behavior has changed over time. We used simulated data to assess the ability to quantify and correctly identify patterns of seabird flight lengths under observational regimes used in successive generations of wet/dry logging technology. Care must be taken when comparing data collected …

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Genetic And Epigenetic Variation In Spartina Alterniflora Following The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill, Marta Robertson, Aaron Schrey, Ashley Shayter, Christina J. Moss, Christina Richards Jan 2017

Genetic And Epigenetic Variation In Spartina Alterniflora Following The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill, Marta Robertson, Aaron Schrey, Ashley Shayter, Christina J. Moss, Christina Richards

Integrative Biology Faculty and Staff Publications

Catastrophic events offer unique opportunities to study rapid population response to stress in natural settings. In concert with genetic variation, epigenetic mechanisms may allow populations to persist through severe environmental challenges. In 2010, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill devastated large portions of the coastline along the Gulf of Mexico. However, the foundational salt marsh grass, Spartina alterniflora, showed high resilience to this strong environmental disturbance. Following the spill, we simultaneously examined the genetic and epigenetic structure of recovering populations of S. alterniflora to oil exposure. We quantified genetic and DNA methylation variation using amplified fragment length polymorphism and methylation …

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Microbe Biogeography Tracks Water Masses In A Dynamic Oceanic Frontal System, Anni Djurhuus, Philipp H. Boersch-Supan, Svein-Ole Mikalse, Alex D. Rogers Jan 2017

Microbe Biogeography Tracks Water Masses In A Dynamic Oceanic Frontal System, Anni Djurhuus, Philipp H. Boersch-Supan, Svein-Ole Mikalse, Alex D. Rogers

Integrative Biology Faculty and Staff Publications

Dispersal limitation, not just environmental selection, plays an important role in microbial biogeography. The distance–decay relationship is thought to be weak in habitats where dispersal is high, such as in the pelagic environment, where ocean currents facilitate microbial dispersal. Most studies of microbial community composition to date have observed little geographical heterogeneity on a regional scale (100 km). We present a study of microbial communities across a dynamic frontal zone in the southwest Indian Ocean and investigate the spatial structure of the microbes with respect to the different water masses separated by these fronts. We collected 153 samples of free-living …

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The Daily Gamecock, Thursday, February 23, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media Jan 2017

The Daily Gamecock, Thursday, February 23, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

February

No abstract provided.

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The Daily Gamecock, Monday, January 30, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media Jan 2017

The Daily Gamecock, Monday, January 30, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

January

No abstract provided.

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The Daily Gamecock, Monday, January 23, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media Jan 2017

The Daily Gamecock, Monday, January 23, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

January

No abstract provided.

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Arranged Marriage In Village & Middle Class India, Umang Khandpur Jan 2017

Arranged Marriage In Village & Middle Class India, Umang Khandpur

Lewis Honors College Capstone Collection

In order to ensure compatibility and future sustenance of a marriage, most people devote significant time in a preparatory phase known as dating. More time spent dating would sensibly correlate to higher marriage longevities as the partners become more acquainted with the intricacies of each other. Ironically, the countries who practice this Western ideology of marriage harbor staggering divorce-to-marriage ratios (some upwards of 60%) while those with a different concept of marriage e.g. India experience much higher marriage longevities. To illuminate this seeming paradox, multiple sources were consulted including current literature, newspaper columns, economic reports, films, television series, and personal …

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The Daily Gamecock, Thursday, March 2, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media Jan 2017

The Daily Gamecock, Thursday, March 2, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

March

No abstract provided.

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The Daily Gamecock, Thursday, November 2, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media Jan 2017

The Daily Gamecock, Thursday, November 2, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

November

No abstract provided.

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The Daily Gamecock, Thursday, September 14, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media Jan 2017

The Daily Gamecock, Thursday, September 14, 2017, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

September

No abstract provided.

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Evaluation Of Eicosanoids And Fatty Acids To Investigate Inflammation And Oxidative Stress In Sentinel Species, Theresa Cantu Jan 2017

Evaluation Of Eicosanoids And Fatty Acids To Investigate Inflammation And Oxidative Stress In Sentinel Species, Theresa Cantu

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Eicosanoids are bioactive lipid messengers that mediate the immune response in a variety of different cell types. Due to their structural, as well as biological diversity, lipidomics technology for the direct measurement of eicosanoids is needed to provide a more systematic look into their actions in cells and tissues. Use of eicosanoids as indicators of inflammation in environmental samples is limited, and this body of work aimed to create a reproducible methodology for their comprehensive analysis in sentinel species. Sentinel species represent a way to examine inflammation and oxidative stress within the environment. In the first two research chapters, we …

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The 8p11-P12 Amplicon Oncogenes Ash2l And Nsd3 Regulate Cell Cycle Progression Via Epigenetic Alterations And Result In Overexpression And Estrogen-Independent Activation Of Erα In Breast Cancer, Jamie Nicole Mills Jan 2017

The 8p11-P12 Amplicon Oncogenes Ash2l And Nsd3 Regulate Cell Cycle Progression Via Epigenetic Alterations And Result In Overexpression And Estrogen-Independent Activation Of Erα In Breast Cancer, Jamie Nicole Mills

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease classified clinically by expression of estrogen receptor alpha ERα, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor. Molecular expression profiling identified a luminal breast cancer sub-type that can be sub-divided into luminal A and B. Compared to luminal A, luminal B tumors have increased proliferation, poor prognosis, endocrine therapy resistance, and complex genomes, including amplification of the 8p11-p12 genomic region. This amplicon occurs in 15% of primary breast tumors, correlates with poor prognosis and tamoxifen resistance, and harbors several oncogenes. Two of these oncogenes, ASH2L and NSD3 (WHSC1L1), promote transcription via epigenetic modification …

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Knowledge And Beliefs Regarding Temporomandibular Disorders Among Orthodontists, Felipe Borges Porto Jan 2017

Knowledge And Beliefs Regarding Temporomandibular Disorders Among Orthodontists, Felipe Borges Porto

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Objective: This project was undertaken to accomplish two objectives: 1) identify whether there is a discrepancy between orthodontists and “experts in TMD*” related to diagnosis and treatment of TMD patients and 2) influence the manner in which TMD curriculum is taught in orthodontic residency programs in order to better prepare future orthodontic specialists to diagnose and treat (and/or refer) patients with TMD who often seek care from orthodontic providers. This study will evaluate knowledge and beliefs regarding Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) among orthodontists when compared to responses from “experts in TMD”; more specifically: A) to determine possible discrepancies related to knowledge …

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Improving The Reach And Effectiveness Of Palliative Care In Low-Resource Countries, Maryellen Potts Jan 2017

Improving The Reach And Effectiveness Of Palliative Care In Low-Resource Countries, Maryellen Potts

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this compendium is to identify strategies to extend the reach and effectiveness of palliative care in low resource countries by 1) examining palliative care interventions, outcomes, and outcome measures, 2) evaluating a home-based palliative care program in rural India, and 3) exploring the concept of acceptability of rural medical practitioners in rural India. Problem: Limited access to effective palliative care services remains an urgent global concern for the over 19 million people requiring palliative care, the majority of whom live in low resource countries. An accompanying lack of research into palliative care interventions in resource-poor areas …

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Using Sentinel Species To Understand The Distribution, Fate And Effects Of Perfluoroalkyl Acids In Wildlife, Jacqueline Taylor Bangma Jan 2017

Using Sentinel Species To Understand The Distribution, Fate And Effects Of Perfluoroalkyl Acids In Wildlife, Jacqueline Taylor Bangma

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation addresses perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) profiles in American alligators, Mozambique tilapia, and Striped mullet in relation to various parameters including sex, season, disease (i.e. pansteatitis), and fecundity. This dissertation hypothesizes that PFAA are affected by sex, season, and health (pansteatitis), but conversely that PFAAs also affect health (fecundity). To address sex and season, PFAA levels were assessed in alligator plasma across Florida and South Carolina (n = 125, years 2012 - 2015) including an in depth look at alligators at Merritt Island (n = 229, years 2008 – 2009). At these sites, PFAAs revealed sex-based differences for a number …

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Biochemical And Immunological Study Of The Roles Of Garp/Tgf-Β Axis In Cancer, Alessandra Metelli Jan 2017

Biochemical And Immunological Study Of The Roles Of Garp/Tgf-Β Axis In Cancer, Alessandra Metelli

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

GARP encoded by the Lrrc32 gene is the cell surface docking receptor for latent TGF-β1 mostly expressed on regulatory T cells (Treg) and platelets. Although GARP has been extensively studied for the ability to enhance latent TGF- β1 activation in the context of Treg, the expression and relevant functions on cancer cells and platelets had not been explored when this work started 4 years ago. In addition, a soluble form of GARP has been described as shed from the Treg cell surface; however, the mechanism to explain the soluble molecule formation and how it becomes biologically active remains elusive. The …

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Interleukin-Like Emt Inducer (Ilei, Fam3c) In Melanoma Partial Phenotype Switching, Ken Noguchi Jan 2017

Interleukin-Like Emt Inducer (Ilei, Fam3c) In Melanoma Partial Phenotype Switching, Ken Noguchi

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Interleukin like EMT-Inducer (ILEI, FAM3C) is a secreted factor that contributes to the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a cell biological process that confers metastatic properties to a tumor cell. Initially, we found that ILEI mRNA is highly expressed in melanoma metastases but not in primary tumors, suggesting that ILEI contributes to the malignant properties of melanoma. While melanoma is not an epithelial cell-derived tumor and does not undergo a traditional EMT, melanoma undergoes a similar process known as phenotype switching in which high MITF (micropthalmia-related transcription factor) expressing proliferative cells (MITF-high) switch to a low expressing invasive state (MITF-low). We observed …

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Pth1r Signaling In Osteoblasts Stimulated With Functionally Selective Ligands: Phosphoproteomics Reveals Unique Signaling Networks, Grace Renee Williams Jan 2017

Pth1r Signaling In Osteoblasts Stimulated With Functionally Selective Ligands: Phosphoproteomics Reveals Unique Signaling Networks, Grace Renee Williams

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

The past 20 years have seen G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) theory advance significantly. Receptors are now thought of as adopting multiple conformations in a state of dynamic equilibrium. The study of GPCR biased agonism has emerged from this changing concept of receptors and introduced the field to “pluridimensional efficacy.” It is thought that a single readout of efficacy is no longer sufficient and multiple parameters of efficacy must be measured in drug screens to improve the ability to predict in vivo effects. While several GPCRs have multiple cognate ligands that elicit functionally-selective responses, the present study focused on biased signaling …

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Donor Nebulization Of Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Improves Post Lung Transplant Outcomes, Grace Bazzle Jan 2017

Donor Nebulization Of Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Improves Post Lung Transplant Outcomes, Grace Bazzle

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Ever since the first lung transplant, in 1963, survival rates have suffered greatly. Approximately 50 years later, around 83% of patients survive one-year post transplant, and an even lower 65% survive 3-years after surgery. The majority of these patients’ cause of death is chronic rejection, which is unresponsive to current immunosuppressive therapies. Although there is no shortage of immunosuppressant drugs, the standard protocol for administration of these drugs comes too late to prevent early organ damage. The donor organ is subjected to stress and inflammation due to the transplantation process, which causes the organ to fail. We propose that a …

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Treble In The Environment: Incorporating Music Into Environmental Education, Shinara Sunderlal Jan 2017

Treble In The Environment: Incorporating Music Into Environmental Education, Shinara Sunderlal

Pitzer Senior Theses

In this era where global sustainability is challenged, environmental education plays a vital role in building environmental awareness. Other roles of environmental education include the promotion of responsible citizenship and the fostering of environmental advocacy in children. As a way to strengthen these goals of environmental education, this thesis explores the dynamic uses of music to compound on the fields impact. I argue that the benefits of music outlined suggest music’s power to heighten environmental sensitivity from a young age. I use narratives from the environmental education, music, education, and psychology discourses to demonstrate the theoretical advantages of music in …

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The Role Of The Community Capital Framework And Christian Faith-Based Community Development Organizations In Kentucky, Samson S. Tarpeh Jan 2017

The Role Of The Community Capital Framework And Christian Faith-Based Community Development Organizations In Kentucky, Samson S. Tarpeh

Theses and Dissertations--Community & Leadership Development

The purpose of this study is to investigate the work of Christian faith-based organizations (FBO) doing community development work in Kentucky and to learn about how they might be using community development concepts and system approaches as articulated in the Community Capitals Framework (CCF) and to critically examine those findings. The CCF is comprised of seven capitals including Natural, Cultural, Human, Social, Political, Financial, and Built. Emery and Flora (2006) assert that the “CCF offers a way to analyze community and economic development efforts from a systems perspective by identifying the assets in each capital (stock), the types of capital …

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Peer-Reviewed Exploration In Teaching: A Program For Stimulating And Recognizing Innovations In Teaching, Rahul Simha, Raluca Teodorescu Jan 2017

Peer-Reviewed Exploration In Teaching: A Program For Stimulating And Recognizing Innovations In Teaching, Rahul Simha, Raluca Teodorescu

International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning

In an academic world driven by student ratings and publication counts, faculty members are discouraged from exploring new pedagogical ideas because exploration takes time and often goes unrecognized. The contrast with research is striking: everyone is expected to explore and innovate in research, whereas very few make exploration in teaching their norm. This paper presents a case study illustrating a program, the Peer-Reviewed Exploration in Teaching (PRET) program, designed to encourage and recognize faculty when they implement teaching innovations. The program provides feedback during all stages of a teaching innovation, including outside-classroom activities, and incorporates a rigorous peer review process …

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The Role Of Student Major In Grade Perception In Chemistry Courses, Andrew Karatjas, Jeffrey Webb Jan 2017

The Role Of Student Major In Grade Perception In Chemistry Courses, Andrew Karatjas, Jeffrey Webb

International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning

The Kruger-Dunning effect was studied as it related to performance in chemistry courses based on student differences in academic background. Student major was chosen as the classification to look at the effect of students with different interests/specializations. Chemistry majors tended to predict lower performance than biology majors, while unexpectedly many non-natural science majors predicted higher examination scores than those majoring in the physical sciences.

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Technical Drafting And Mental Visualization In Interior Architecture Education, Ali Riza Arslan, Sibel Seda Dazkir Jan 2017

Technical Drafting And Mental Visualization In Interior Architecture Education, Ali Riza Arslan, Sibel Seda Dazkir

International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning

We explored how beginning-level interior architecture students develop skills to create mental visualizations of three-dimensional objects and environments, how they develop their technical drawing skills, and whether or not physical and computer generated models aid this design process. We used interviews and observations to collect data. The findings provide an insight on what kind of difficulties students experience during their learning process and how they overcome those difficulties. The results of the study indicate that the students’ lack of skills in technical drawing and in creating 2D and 3D mental visualizations negatively influenced their design process. Using the existing body …

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Leadership Begins With You, Shannon D. Jones Jan 2017

Leadership Begins With You, Shannon D. Jones

MUSC Faculty Bookshelf

Chapter from "Choosing to Lead: The Motivational Factors of Underrepresented Minority Librarians in Higher Education," edited by Antonia Olivas.

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Beyond Academic And Social Integration: Understanding The Impact Of A Stem Enrichment Program On The Retention And Degree Attainment Of Underrepresented Students, Tonisha B. Lane Jan 2017

Beyond Academic And Social Integration: Understanding The Impact Of A Stem Enrichment Program On The Retention And Degree Attainment Of Underrepresented Students, Tonisha B. Lane

Department of Leadership, Policy, and Lifelong Learning

The current study used a case study methodological approach, including document analysis, semistructured interviews, and participant observations, to investigate how a science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) enrichment program supported retention and degree attainment of underrepresented students at a large, public, predominantly white institution. From this study, a model emerged that encompassed four components: proactive care, holistic support, community building, and catalysts for STEM identity development. These components encompassed a number of strategies and practices that were instrumental in the outcomes of program participants. This paper concludes with implications for practice, such as using models to inform program planning, assessment, …

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Development Of Terminal And Maternal Economic Selection Indices In Beefmaster Cattle, Kathleen P. Ochsner, Michael D. Macneil, Ronald M. Lewis, Matthew L. Spangler Jan 2017

Development Of Terminal And Maternal Economic Selection Indices In Beefmaster Cattle, Kathleen P. Ochsner, Michael D. Macneil, Ronald M. Lewis, Matthew L. Spangler

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Two economic selection indices were developed for Beefmaster cattle, one for a terminal objective and one for a maternal objective. The terminal index was developed assuming bulls would be mated to mature cows with all resulting progeny harvested. The maternal index was developed assuming bulls would be mated to a combination of heifers and mature cows, with resulting progeny retained as replacements or sold at weaning. Relative economic values for the terminal objective traits hot carcass weight, marbling score, ribeye area, 12th- rib fat and feed intake were 91.29, 17.01, 8.38,- 7.07 and- 29.66, respectively. Relative economic values for the …

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Evaluating The Impacts Of Field Peas In Growing And Finishing Diets On Performance And Carcass Characteristics, Hannah L. Greenwell, Karla Jenkins, Jim C. Macdonald Donald, Matt K. Luebbe Jan 2017

Evaluating The Impacts Of Field Peas In Growing And Finishing Diets On Performance And Carcass Characteristics, Hannah L. Greenwell, Karla Jenkins, Jim C. Macdonald Donald, Matt K. Luebbe

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The impact of field peas as a grazing supplement and a component of finishing diets on performance and carcass characteristics was evaluated over two years. During grazing, cattle supplemented with field peas had a greater ending body weight and average daily gain than cattle that received no supplement. However, cattle supplemented with corn had greater average daily gain than both peas and control cattle. Overall, those cattle not supplemented during grazing compensated 53% and 88% when compared to those cattle supplemented corn and peas, respectively. Inclusion of field peas in grower supplement or finishing diets may be advantageous if appropriately …

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Effect Of Long- Term Corn Residue Grazing On Soil Properties, Manbir K. Rakkar, Humberto Blanco, Mary E. Drewnoski Drewnoski, Jim C. Macdonald, Terry J. Klopfenstein Jan 2017

Effect Of Long- Term Corn Residue Grazing On Soil Properties, Manbir K. Rakkar, Humberto Blanco, Mary E. Drewnoski Drewnoski, Jim C. Macdonald, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of long- term (16 years) corn residue grazing with cattle on soil compaction, soil structure, soil organic matter, and nutrients. Three treatments: 1) fall grazing (November through January; 1.8 to 2.5 AUM/ac), 2) spring grazing (February to middle April; 2.3 to 3.1 AUM/ac), and 3) control (no grazing) under a no- till irrigated corn- soybean system in eastern Nebraska were studied. Crop yields were increased and soil bulk density and cone index (parameters of soil compaction), wet soil aggregate stability (parameter of soil structural quality), and organic matter content were not affected …

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Discovery And Characterization Of Small Molecule Rac1 Inhibitors, Jamie L. Arnst, Ashley L. Hein, Margaret A. Taylor, Nick Y. Palermo, Jacob I. Contreras, Yogesh A. Sonawane, Andrw O. Wahl, Michel M. Ouellette, Amarnath Natarajan, Ying Yan Jan 2017

Discovery And Characterization Of Small Molecule Rac1 Inhibitors, Jamie L. Arnst, Ashley L. Hein, Margaret A. Taylor, Nick Y. Palermo, Jacob I. Contreras, Yogesh A. Sonawane, Andrw O. Wahl, Michel M. Ouellette, Amarnath Natarajan, Ying Yan

Holland Computing Center: Faculty Publications

Aberrant activation of Rho GTPase Rac1 has been observed in various tumor types, including pancreatic cancer. Rac1 activates multiple signaling pathways that lead to uncontrolled proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Thus, inhibition of Rac1 activity is a viable therapeutic strategy for proliferative disorders such as cancer. Here we identified small molecule inhibitors that target the nucleotide-binding site of Rac1 through in silico screening. Follow up in vitro studies demonstrated that two compounds blocked active Rac1 from binding to its effector PAK1. Fluorescence polarization studies indicate that these compounds target the nucleotide-binding site of Rac1. In cells, both compounds blocked Rac1 binding …

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